Plant Biotechnology Journal最新文献

{"title":"The OsWRKY15-OsSUT3 Regulatory Module Enhances Rice Pollen Fertility by Mediating Sucrose Allocation to Anthers.","authors":"Qiuping Li, Chunlong Zhang, Shuaibing Wang, Jin Chen, Yandong Sun, Wenqing Ma, Yu Yong, Qinghui Yang, Lijuan Chen, Jiancheng Wen, Dandan Li","doi":"10.1111/pbi.70738","DOIUrl":"10.1111/pbi.70738","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Sucrose transport and starch accumulation are crucial carbohydrate metabolic processes in rice, playing essential roles during late pollen development to ensure pollen maturation, fertility and high grain production. However, the molecular mechanisms regulating sucrose transport and starch accumulation during rice pollen development remain elusive. In this study, we bred and characterized a semi-fertile rice pollen variant, sfp10, which is derived from highland terraced red rice from Yunnan, China. This variant showed insufficient starch accumulation in pollen, reduced pollen fertility and decreased seed setting compared to the wild type. Using map-based cloning, CRISPR/Cas9 mutagenesis and gene complementation, the OsSUT3 gene, which causes the sfp10 variant, was shown to encode a sucrose transporter (SUT) that transports sucrose into pollen for starch synthesis, ensuring pollen viability and fertility. Additionally, transcriptome analysis identified OsWRKY15, a WRKY transcription factor that exhibits a highly similar spatiotemporal expression pattern to OsSUT3 in late-developing panicles. Yeast one-hybrid, EMSA, dual-luciferase reporter and ChIP-seq assays demonstrated that OsWRKY15 directly binds to the promoter region of OsSUT3 and upregulates its expression. Mutation of OsWRKY15 significantly reduced OsSUT3 expression and impaired pollen fertility and seed setting and these defects were further exacerbated in the wrky15/OsSUT3-KO double-knockout lines, while OsSUT3 overexpression in the wrky15 background significantly rescued pollen fertility and seed setting. These findings demonstrate that the OsWRKY15-OsSUT3 regulatory module is essential for sucrose transport and starch accumulation during late pollen development in rice, providing new insights into the transcriptional regulation of carbon allocation to anthers for rice fertility and grain production.</p>","PeriodicalId":221,"journal":{"name":"Plant Biotechnology Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":12.8,"publicationDate":"2026-08-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13439041/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148672770","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bacteriophage P22 Virus-Like Particles as Nanoscale Protein Scaffolds for Plant Synthetic Biology.","authors":"Maxim D Harding, Mark A Jackson, Edward K Gilding, David J Craik, Frank Sainsbury, Nicole Lawrence","doi":"10.1111/pbi.70735","DOIUrl":"10.1111/pbi.70735","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Advancing the utility of plant synthetic biology requires the continued development of protein engineering tools. Self-assembling protein compartments, such as virus-like particles (VLPs), provide versatile scaffolds for synthetic biology. However, few plant-expressed VLPs have demonstrated broad amenability to protein engineering, restricting their applications to specific contexts. Here, the Enterobacteria phage P22 VLP is explored as a novel protein scaffold for plant synthetic biology, demonstrating its production in a eukaryote for the first time. Through transient expression in the biofactory plant Nicotiana benthamiana, the capacity for P22 VLPs to correctly assemble and direct encapsulation of recombinant protein cargo is demonstrated. The durability of this protein scaffold is explored through co-encapsulation of multiple cargo protein species and by encapsulation through direct fusion to the P22 coat protein. Finally, the ability to simultaneously program cargo encapsulation and external protein display on P22 VLPs in vivo is demonstrated through SpyTag/SpyCatcher-mediated protein conjugation. This work demonstrates the broad utility of P22 VLPs as nanoscale protein scaffolds for plant synthetic biology.</p>","PeriodicalId":221,"journal":{"name":"Plant Biotechnology Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":12.8,"publicationDate":"2026-08-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13433545/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148667762","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"miR172-AP2 Controls Age-Dependent Regeneration Competence in Populus.","authors":"Kaiwen Lyu, Abdul Azeez, Victor Busov","doi":"10.1111/pbi.70736","DOIUrl":"10.1111/pbi.70736","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Plants maintain remarkable regenerative potential, yet this capacity declines with developmental age, limiting clonal propagation and biotechnological applications. Here, we show that the miR172-AP2 module serves as a central determinant of regeneration competence in Populus. Regenerative capacity declines progressively along the shoot developmental gradient, correlating with elevated miR172 and reduced AP2 transcript levels. Functional analyses demonstrate that AP2 promotes both shoot and root regeneration by directly activating downstream transcriptional programmes, including AINTEGUMENTA-LIKE1, BIG LEAF and LIKE APETALA1, which regulate organogenic growth and developmental competence. Elevated miR172 or cytokinin signalling represses AP2, reducing regenerative outcomes, indicating that hormonal and developmental signals converge on this module. Genome-wide analyses reveal that AP2 coordinates a broad network of genes controlling wound response, hormone signalling and cell fate specification. Notably, enhanced regeneration via AP2 occurs without detectable developmental abnormalities, highlighting the practical potential of this module. Collectively, these findings uncover a mechanistic link between developmental phase identity and regeneration, revealing a conserved regulatory module that may be leveraged to enhance regeneration across plant species, with broad implications for propagation, tissue culture and biotechnology.</p>","PeriodicalId":221,"journal":{"name":"Plant Biotechnology Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":12.8,"publicationDate":"2026-08-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13431242/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148667769","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Paving the Way for Plant‐Based Bioproduction of ( Z )‐13‐Octadecenoic Moth Pheromone Compounds","authors":"Mengyu Liu, Huijing Li, Huanhuan Jin, Yue Xiao, Panpan He, Chang Tan, Hong‐Lei Wang, Jean‐Marc Lassance, Christer Löfstedt, Bao‐Jian Ding","doi":"10.1111/pbi.70733","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/pbi.70733","url":null,"abstract":"Sex pheromones are eco‐friendly agents to control pest insects. Yet, the cost of synthetic pheromone production has restricted their use essentially to high value crops. Plant‐based bioproduction of pheromone compounds offers a promising and sustainable alternative, opening up for the deployment of pheromone‐mediated pest control also in row crops. The rice leaffolder <jats:italic>Cnaphalocrocis medinalis</jats:italic> uses C18 pheromone compounds and is a major rice pest in South China. We demonstrate that the fatty acid precursor of the main C18 pheromone component of <jats:italic>Cnaphalocrocis medinalis</jats:italic> , ( <jats:italic>Z</jats:italic> )‐13‐octadecenal, can be biotechnologically produced using the oilseed crop <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\"> <jats:italic>Camelina sativa</jats:italic> </jats:styled-content> . First, we used deuterium‐labelling to establish an elongation‐based pathway for pheromone precursor formation from hexadecanoic (palmitic) acid via desaturation to ( <jats:italic>Z</jats:italic> )‐11‐hexadecenoic acid and elongation to ( <jats:italic>Z</jats:italic> )‐13‐octadecenoic acid. Using transient expression in <jats:italic>Nicotiana benthamiana</jats:italic> , we identified a minimal pathway consisting of a ∆11 desaturase ( <jats:italic>CmedDES1</jats:italic> ), an elongase ( <jats:italic>CmedELO1</jats:italic> ), and a fatty acyl reductase ( <jats:italic>CmedFAR2</jats:italic> ) for the heterologous biosynthesis of long‐chain monounsaturated C18 precursors <jats:italic>in planta</jats:italic> . Co‐expression of the insect desaturases <jats:italic>CmedDES1</jats:italic> or <jats:italic>CsupYPAQ</jats:italic> with the Camelina elongase <jats:italic>CsaKCS1</jats:italic> in <jats:italic>Nicotiana benthamiana</jats:italic> resulted in higher production of Z13‐18 products compared to co‐expression with insect elongases. We finally engineered <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\"> <jats:italic>Camelina sativa</jats:italic> </jats:styled-content> seeds through seed‐specific co‐expression of the Z11‐16‐forming insect desaturase <jats:italic>CsupYPAQ</jats:italic> and <jats:italic>CsaKCS1</jats:italic> elongase, enabling the accumulation of C18 fatty acid pheromone precursors. Our study paves the way for sustainable production of the sex pheromone of <jats:italic>Cnaphalocrocis medinalis</jats:italic> and other C18 monounsaturated pheromone precursors for crop protection.","PeriodicalId":221,"journal":{"name":"Plant Biotechnology Journal","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.8,"publicationDate":"2026-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148596247","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Haplotypes and Machine Learning Improve Genomic Prediction in Brassica napus","authors":"Tessa R. MacNish, Hawlader A. Al‐Mamun, Thomas Bergmann, Lixi Jiang, David Edwards","doi":"10.1111/pbi.70730","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/pbi.70730","url":null,"abstract":"Genomic selection (GS) is a crop and livestock improvement method suited for predicting complex agronomical traits, while genomic prediction (GP) is the development of GS models prior to their practical use in breeding programs. One of the challenges in GP is accounting for how complex genomic interactions, such as epistasis, affect the resulting phenotype. Incorporating haplotypes and Machine Learning (ML) into GP models are two methods for accounting for local epistasis and non‐linear relationships. This study compared linear‐ and ML‐GP models for single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and haplotypes in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\"> <jats:italic>Brassica napus</jats:italic> </jats:styled-content> . A publicly available dataset of 991 <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\"> <jats:italic>B. napus</jats:italic> </jats:styled-content> individuals, 4 286 896 SNPs, and the traits flowering time, oil content and oleic acid content was used for all GP models. The ML models improved trait prediction accuracy for all tested traits in both SNP‐ and haplotype‐based GP. While haplotypes did not significantly boost prediction accuracy over SNPs, they captured novel genetic variation and offered a broader diversity of variants for selection, suggesting a qualitative advantage for long‐term breeding goals. Here, we demonstrate how haplotypes and ML can improve GS in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\"> <jats:italic>B. napus</jats:italic> </jats:styled-content> .","PeriodicalId":221,"journal":{"name":"Plant Biotechnology Journal","volume":"120 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.8,"publicationDate":"2026-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148588964","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Circadian Clock Gates Verticillium dahliae Defence in Cotton by Modulating JAZs Expression.","authors":"Ping Wang,Mingming Liu,Chenyu Zhao,Qiaojia Lu,Shiqi Gao,Lijun Guo,Yuzhe Li,Jinping Wan,Li Yuan,Feifei Yi,Chaowei Cai,Jinggao Liu,C Robertson McClung,Xiao Zhang,Xiao Liu,Xiaodong Xu,Yingfan Cai,Qiguang Xie","doi":"10.1111/pbi.70726","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/pbi.70726","url":null,"abstract":"The circadian clock plays critical roles in orchestrating temporal regulation of diverse physiological processes. However, its role in mediating root-associated immunity against soil-borne pathogens in crops remains poorly understood. Here, we show that cotton circadian clock gates nighttime resistance to vascular fungal pathogen Verticillium dahliae by shaping rhizosphere microbiome composition and activating jasmonic acid (JA)-dependent immune signalling. Pathogen infection, in turn, accelerates clock pace and perturbs nighttime microbial community structure. We identify GhLUX, an evening complex component, as a key regulator of this defence program. GhLUX enhances immunity by repressing GhJAZ expression, thereby amplifying JA signalling at night. Overexpression of GhLUX in field trials confers enhanced resistance to V. dahliae while simultaneously improving cotton fibre yield and quality. These findings uncover a mechanistic link between the circadian clock, rhizosphere microbiota and root immunity in cotton and suggest that circadian regulators can be harnessed to optimize both disease resistance and agronomic performance.","PeriodicalId":221,"journal":{"name":"Plant Biotechnology Journal","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.8,"publicationDate":"2026-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148552594","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"DcH3.3 and DcNAC1 Regulate the Expression of UGT73A93 Involved in the Changes in Flower Colour and Fungal Resistance in Carnation","authors":"Xuhong Zhou,&nbsp;Qirui Xiong,&nbsp;Yue Zhang,&nbsp;Xiumei Yang,&nbsp;Siyuan Zhang,&nbsp;Yanxia Tao,&nbsp;Xiaomi Yang","doi":"10.1111/pbi.70674","DOIUrl":"10.1111/pbi.70674","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Carnation (<i>Dianthus caryophyllus</i>) contains abundant flavonoid glycosides (FGs), which are important natural functional and colour components. However, there are few reports on the modification of UDP-glycosyltransferases (UGTs) in relation to flavonoids in carnation. In this study, we cloned and characterised a flavonoid 3′<i>-O-</i>glucosyltransferase (<i>UGT73A93</i>) in carnation in vitro. Overexpression of <i>UGT73A93</i> in carnation and tobacco increased flavonoid glycoside accumulation, particularly kaempferol glycosides, while decreasing anthocyanin content and lightening flower colour. <i>UGT73A93</i> also enhanced fungal resistance, antioxidant capacity, anti-amylase and anti-pancreatic lipase activities. Yeast one-hybrid and dual-luciferase assays revealed that the <i>UGT73A93</i> promoter interacted with DcH3.3 and DcNAC1, key regulatory proteins involved in flavonoid biosynthesis. We predicted the interaction between DcLON2 and DcNAC1 using AlphaFold 3 and confirmed this hypothesis through yeast two-hybrid assay and bimolecular fluorescence complementation assays. These findings suggest an epigenetic-transcriptional cascade (DcH3.3–DcNAC1–UGT73A93) wherein DcH3.3 opens chromatin for DcNAC1-mediated UGT73A93 activation, while DcLON2 potentially degrades DcNAC1 to form a feedback loop. These results provide new insights into flavonoid 3′<i>-O-</i>glucosyltransferase and may contribute to future strategies aimed at improving the benefits of flavonoid biosynthesis for both plants and humans. It also demonstrates that AI can be applied in the field of plant biosynthesis, accelerating the process of plant breeding.</p>","PeriodicalId":221,"journal":{"name":"Plant Biotechnology Journal","volume":"24 8","pages":"4863-4877"},"PeriodicalIF":12.8,"publicationDate":"2026-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/pbi.70674","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147739524","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Modified Cas9 Scaffold Allows Extension of the Virus-Induced Gene Editing Technology to the Large Potyvirus Genus","authors":"Fernando Merwaiss,&nbsp;Verónica Aragonés,&nbsp;Arcadio García,&nbsp;José-Antonio Daròs","doi":"10.1111/pbi.70675","DOIUrl":"10.1111/pbi.70675","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Plant viruses are recognized as rapid and effective vectors to deliver CRISPR-Cas reaction components into plants, a strategy termed virus-induced gene editing (VIGE). However, VIGE is limited by the host range of the viral vectors. Development of new viral vectors to target a broad range of plant species will potentially enable the delivery of the editing components to new cultivars. Potyviruses (genus <i>Potyvirus</i>) comprise the largest group of plant RNA viruses. The main limitation of potyviral vectors to express a non-coding RNA consists of potential insertion of stop codons that interrupt the large open reading frame that encompasses most potyviral genome. This is the case with the <i>Streptococcus pyogenes</i> Cas9 sgRNA scaffold, which contains stop codons in all three possible frames. In this work, we first built on a visual reporter system targeting the two homeologs of <i>Nicotiana benthamiana Magnesium chelatase subunit I</i> (<i>CHLI</i>). Second, we developed a tobacco etch virus (<i>Potyvirus nicotianainsculpentis</i>)-derived vector for VIGE by engineering a modified Cas9 scaffold, free of stop codons, to maintain the potyviral polyprotein reading frame while ensuring effective editing. This vector self-replicates and moves systemically, delivering sgRNAs efficiently throughout the plant. This allowed us to obtain plants exhibiting a white phenotype with their four alleles edited through in vitro regeneration from infected leaves, and also to produce edited progeny. We further demonstrated the vector utility in tomato. Given the conserved biological properties within the genus <i>Potyvirus</i>, these findings may be broadly applicable to other potyviruses, expanding the reach of the VIGE technology.</p>","PeriodicalId":221,"journal":{"name":"Plant Biotechnology Journal","volume":"24 8","pages":"4933-4947"},"PeriodicalIF":12.8,"publicationDate":"2026-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/pbi.70675","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147809118","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rice EMF3 Alleles Adjust Flower Opening Time to Enhance the Seed Setting Rate Under High Temperature Stress","authors":"Takuma Ishizaki,&nbsp;Yoichi Hashida,&nbsp;Hideyuki Hirabayashi,&nbsp;Kazuhiro Sasaki,&nbsp;Hiroki Tokunaga,&nbsp;Eliza Vie M. Simon-Ada,&nbsp;Masataka Wakayama,&nbsp;Toshiyuki Takai,&nbsp;Hiroki Saito,&nbsp;Atsushi J. Nagano,&nbsp;Hitoshi Sakakibara,&nbsp;Mikiko Kojima,&nbsp;Yumiko Takebayashi,&nbsp;Sung-Ryul Kim,&nbsp;Ryo Matsushima,&nbsp;Michael J. Thomson,&nbsp;Kazuhiko Sugimoto,&nbsp;Ken-Ichiro Hibara,&nbsp;Tsutomu Ishimaru","doi":"10.1111/pbi.70653","DOIUrl":"10.1111/pbi.70653","url":null,"abstract":"<p>To safeguard global food security against rapid population growth and a warming world, the effective genetic improvement of cereals is imperative. Flower opening time (FOT) critically affects the seed setting rate. In this study, we identified a gene, <i>EARLY-MORNING FLOWERING 3</i> (<i>EMF3</i>), in which single-nucleotide substitutions strongly modulate FOT in rice in a semi-dominant manner, resulting in wide variation in FOT from earlier to later FOT than the wild-type. <i>EMF3</i> knock-out mutants showed significantly reduced FOT synchrony and disrupted anther dehiscence, leading to fertilisation failure. <i>EMF3</i> encodes a plasma membrane-localised polypeptide of 723 amino acids with an armadillo repeat fold and four transmembrane segments. Furthermore, <i>EMF3</i> is specifically expressed in the anthers starting from nighttime on the day of flowering, with substantial impacts on the transcriptomes of both anther and lodicule, which suggested an exclusive role of <i>EMF3</i> in flowering events. Modifying <i>EMF3</i> alleles of <i>O. sativa</i> enabled the adjustment of FOT among <i>Oryza</i> species and subspecies, potentially facilitating cross-fertilisation by overcoming one of the major challenges of inter-specific hybridisation to exploit heterosis. Introducing the <i>EMF3</i> alleles with the earlier FOT into popular rice cultivars resulted in flowering at an earlier time of day when the temperature was cooler, efficiently increasing seed setting rate under heat stress. This discovery unveils the novel mechanism of anther control of flower opening time through the <i>EMF3</i> gene, while also enabling the use of <i>EMF3</i> alleles in breeding strategies for efficient fertilisation for increasing hybrid rice seed production and mitigating future heat-stress damage at flowering.</p>","PeriodicalId":221,"journal":{"name":"Plant Biotechnology Journal","volume":"24 8","pages":"4780-4798"},"PeriodicalIF":12.8,"publicationDate":"2026-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/pbi.70653","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147635694","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unfolding Plant Defence: Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Signalling at the Plant-Pathogen Interface","authors":"Zhe Meng,&nbsp;Shuqin Zheng,&nbsp;Federica Brandizzi,&nbsp;Yiran Liu,&nbsp;Chunlei Li,&nbsp;Congcong Ai,&nbsp;Yujiao Wang,&nbsp;Jiadong Qi,&nbsp;Xiuguo Zhang","doi":"10.1111/pbi.70662","DOIUrl":"10.1111/pbi.70662","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress response, a conserved proteostasis network, has emerged as a central hub that reprograms plant immunity during pathogen attack. This review synthesises how plants harness ER-stress signalling to mount multilayered defences and how pathogens have evolved counterstrategies to subvert these pathways. We delineate the molecular integration of the unfolded protein response (UPR) with canonical immune layers including pattern-triggered immunity (PTI), effector-triggered immunity (ETI) and systemic defences, highlighting salicylic acid (SA) and jasmonic acid (JA) as rheostats that fine-tune ER stress-immune crosstalk. Functionally, the UPR bolsters immunity by coordinating protein folding and secretion, reprogramming transcription and translation, activating ER-dependent programmed cell death (ER-PCD), and orchestrating ER-associated degradation (ERAD) and selective autophagy. Pathogens such as bacteria, oomycetes and viruses in turn deploy virulence factors that target UPR sensors and transcription factors, thereby attenuating ER-driven immunity. We propose a conceptual framework in which the outcome of UPR activation—resistance versus susceptibility—is determined by pathogen lifestyle, ER stress dynamics, subcellular compartmentalisation and pathogen effector intervention. We also consider biotechnological contexts in which strong transgene expression can itself provoke the UPR, and outline diagnostic experimental strategies to distinguish UPR-mediated effects from intended transgene functions. By integrating molecular mechanisms with pathogen counterstrategies, this review underscores the dynamic interplay between ER stress and immune signalling in plants and highlights opportunities to enhance crop resilience under global climate challenges.</p>","PeriodicalId":221,"journal":{"name":"Plant Biotechnology Journal","volume":"24 8","pages":"4799-4822"},"PeriodicalIF":12.8,"publicationDate":"2026-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/pbi.70662","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147648994","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}