Surgical Innovation最新文献

{"title":"Meta-Analysis of the Efficacy of Ultrasound-Guided Mammotome Minimally Invasive Surgery and Traditional Open Surgery in the Therapy of Benign Breast Tumors.","authors":"Xiaojie Liu, Wanjing Hu, Chao Yang","doi":"10.1177/15533506261433811","DOIUrl":"10.1177/15533506261433811","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>ObjectiveTo systematically analyze the efficacy of ultrasound-guided mammotome minimally invasive surgery and traditional open surgery in the therapy of benign breast tumors.MethodsA computerized search retrieved original literature on the therapeutic effects of ultrasound-guided mammotome minimally invasive surgery and traditional open surgery for benign breast tumors from authoritative databases, including CNKI, Wanfang, VIP, Web of Science, PubMed, ScienceDirect, Cochrane Library, and Embase. The search covered from database inception to January 2024, using a strategy of subject terms combined with free terms. The retrieved literature was screened, data were extracted, and quality was evaluated. Meta-analysis was performed using RevMan 5.4 software.ResultsA total of 8 literatures were included in the study, and a total of 1909 patients with benign breast tumors were found from 2018 to 2023. The results of meta-analysis showed that the operation time [MD = -12.79, 95%CI (-14.04, -11.55), <i>P</i> < 0.00001], intraoperative blood loss [MD = -11.55, 95%CI (-14.74, -8.36), <i>P</i> < 0.00001], healing time [MD = -2.73, 95%CI (-4.03, -1.43), <i>P</i> < 0.00001] and complication rate [MD = 0.17, 95%CI (0.12, 0.26), <i>P</i> < 0.00001] was apparently different from traditional open surgery (<i>P</i> < 0.05).ConclusionUltrasound-guided mammotome minimally invasive surgery can effectively shorten the operation time of patients with benign breast tumors, reduce intraoperative blood loss, promote healing, and reduce the risk of complications. The effect is better than that of traditional open surgery.</p>","PeriodicalId":22095,"journal":{"name":"Surgical Innovation","volume":" ","pages":"507-516"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147491707","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing the Diagnostic Value of Laparoscopic Port Air Content in Detecting Anastomotic Leaks After Colorectal Surgery: A Pilot Study.","authors":"Vahid Ahmadi, Seyed Hamzah Mousavie, Hamed Vaseghi, Manizhe Ataee Kachuee, Mahdi Alemrajabi, Iman Ekramnia","doi":"10.1177/15533506261433797","DOIUrl":"10.1177/15533506261433797","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Background and ObjectivesAnastomotic leakage (AL) is a severe complication after colorectal surgery, affecting patient outcomes. Early detection is essential, but current methods are limited. This study aimed to assess the relationship between air volume at laparoscopic port sites in early postoperative CT scans (days 3-4) and the occurrence of AL.MethodsSixty patients who underwent colorectal surgery with primary anastomosis were included. Two expert radiologists, blinded to clinical outcomes, reviewed postoperative CT scans (days 3-4) and classified port air content (PAC) as \"No Air,\" \"Low,\" or \"High.\" AL was detected based on clinical and surgical criteria. Logistic regression modeling predicted Clinically Identified Leak (CIL) and Surgically Confirmed Leak (SCL).ResultsPatients with no air at port sites had significantly lower CIL rates compared to those with low or high PAC (<i>P</i> < .001). High PAC was a strong predictor of SCL (OR = 88.117, <i>P</i> = .002). The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was high for both CIL (0.896) and SCL (0.898), indicating excellent model performance.ConclusionThe presence and volume of air at port sites on CT scans were closely associated with AL, suggesting a fast, minimally invasive method for early detection. Further research is required to confirm these findings.</p>","PeriodicalId":22095,"journal":{"name":"Surgical Innovation","volume":" ","pages":"458-465"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147391109","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of the Quality and Reliability of Social Media Videos for Patient Information on Common General Surgical Procedures.","authors":"Nadir Omar, Noura Elgharably, Kyle Lam","doi":"10.1177/15533506261424687","DOIUrl":"10.1177/15533506261424687","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>IntroductionSocial media is a significant platform for health information. However, the quality and reliability of patient facing surgical content is uncertain. We evaluated the quality and reliability of TikTok and Instagram videos about three common general surgical procedures: laparoscopic appendicectomy; laparoscopic cholecystectomy; and inguinal hernia repair, and compared performance by platform, procedure, and creator type.MethodsWe conducted a cross-sectional study of the top fifty results per procedure per platform. Videos were classified as useful, misleading, personal experience, or irrelevant and quality and reliability assessed with the Global Quality Score (GQS) and modified DISCERN (mDISCERN) score respectively.Results300 videos, accruing 592,975 likes and 11,489 comments, were analysed. Videos were low in both quality and reliability across both platforms although higher on Instagram (GQS 1.95; mDISCERN 1.65) than TikTok (GQS 1.27; mDISCERN 0.33; both <i>P</i> < .0001). 53/300 (17.7%) videos were judged to be misleading. Useful content was less frequent on TikTok than Instagram (14/150, 9.3% vs 82/150, 54.7%; <i>P</i> < .0001). Professional content was deemed more useful than that of non professionals (54/117, 46.2% vs 42/183, 23.0%; <i>P</i> < .0001) with higher quality and reliability scores (GQS 1.80 vs 1.49; mDISCERN 1.36 vs 0.76; both <i>P</i> < .0001).ConclusionsSurgical educational videos across popular social media platforms are low in quality and reliability. Patients should be wary of the risk of possible health misinformation. Clinicians and professional bodies should be aware of the growing popularity of social media and consider the production of evidence-based content on these platforms to disseminate credible information and counter misinformation.</p>","PeriodicalId":22095,"journal":{"name":"Surgical Innovation","volume":" ","pages":"475-482"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13428067/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146132821","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Contribution of Virtual Reality to Surgical Decision-Making for Evaluating Vascular Contraindications in Malignant Head and Neck Tumors.","authors":"Axel Munoglu, Olivier Choussy, Maria Lesnik, Wahib Ghanem, Caroline Nhy, Joey Martin, Baptiste Sabran, Juliette Quarez, Nathalie Badois, Antoine Dubray-Vautrin","doi":"10.1177/15533506261425819","DOIUrl":"10.1177/15533506261425819","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>IntroductionVirtual reality (VR) is increasingly used in medicine for preoperative planning. This study evaluated the role of 3D-VR reconstruction in assessing contraindications and surgical failure risks in head and neck cancers (HNC) with peri-carotid involvement.MethodsIn this retrospective, single-center study (2004-2024), adult patients with cervical metastases from HNC involving the peri-carotid region were included. Assessments used contrast-enhanced cervico-thoracic CT scans reviewed in 2D and analyzed with 3D-VR, focusing on lesion location, vascular encasement, and multifocal/bilateral features. The primary endpoint was to identify predictive factors of surgical contraindication or failure; the secondary endpoint examined VR's impact on resectability through surgeon questionnaires and multidisciplinary tumor board (MTB) decisions.ResultsTwenty-seven patients were included; 20 had 3D-VR analysis. Mean age was 66 years, with hypopharyngeal (41%) and oropharyngeal (38%) sites predominating. Sixteen patients underwent surgery. No anatomical factor in 2D or 3D significantly predicted failure or contraindication. Preservation of a fat plane in 3D showed a trend toward lower surgical failure (OR = 0.5, <i>P</i> = 0.12). From 111 surgeon questionnaires, 86% of decisions remained unchanged between 2D and 3D, with 15 changes (9 toward indication, 6 toward contraindication). In MTB, 1 of 20 decisions (5%) was modified after 3D review.ConclusionNo anatomical factor predicted outcomes, but fat plane preservation is a potentially valuable and easily seen 3D sign. VR influenced some individual decisions but had minimal impact on collective MDT decisions. It primarily functions as an interactive educational tool supplementing traditional imaging in complex surgical planning.</p>","PeriodicalId":22095,"journal":{"name":"Surgical Innovation","volume":" ","pages":"437-448"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146165882","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of Tube Thoracostomy Training Videos on YouTube: Educational Quality, Reliability, and Popularity.","authors":"Demet Arı, Murat Arı, İlker Akbaş, Turgut Dolanbay, Bilal Kartal","doi":"10.1177/15533506261438206","DOIUrl":"10.1177/15533506261438206","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>BackgroundTube thoracostomy is a critical procedure commonly performed in emergency and trauma settings to manage life-threatening conditions such as pneumothorax and hemothorax. As digital platforms become increasingly integrated into procedural education, YouTube has become a widely used supplementary learning resource. However, the educational quality and reliability of its content remain variable. This study evaluates YouTube tube thoracostomy training videos on educational quality, reliability, and popularity.MethodsThis cross-sectional observational study evaluated YouTube videos related to tube thoracostomy using predefined search terms. After screening and applying inclusion and exclusion criteria, 79 videos were included in the analysis. Data collected included video duration, view count, like count, subscriber count, uploader type (institutional or individual), country of upload, and presence of spoken narration. Educational quality and reliability were evaluated using the Global Quality Scale (GQS), DISCERN, and Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA) criteria. Video popularity was assessed using the adapted Video Power Index (VPI).ResultsOf the analyzed videos, 67.1% were uploaded by individuals and 32.9% by institutional sources. Videos featuring spoken narration, longer duration, and institutional origin demonstrated significantly higher GQS and DISCERN scores and greater popularity indicators (<i>P</i> < .05). Institutional videos exhibited higher educational quality than those uploaded by individuals. However, a direct correlation between video popularity and educational quality was not consistently observed.ConclusionThe educational quality of tube thoracostomy training videos on YouTube varies considerably. Institutional videos of longer duration with spoken narration provide greater educational value. These resources should serve only as supplementary tools and not replace hands-on training. Establishing quality standards for medical training videos and promoting institutional content production are recommended.</p>","PeriodicalId":22095,"journal":{"name":"Surgical Innovation","volume":" ","pages":"483-493"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147500023","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biodegradable Stents in Benign Biliary and Pancreatic Disease: A Systematic Review.","authors":"Dimitra V Peristeri, Harriet Fransis, Ravi Vissapragada, Sunil Shirol, Sukhpal Singh, Darmarajah Veeramootoo","doi":"10.1177/15533506261424134","DOIUrl":"10.1177/15533506261424134","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>BackgroundBenign biliary and pancreatic diseases, including postoperative strictures, bile leaks, and chronic pancreatitis, often require temporary ductal decompression with plastic or metal stents, which may necessitate repeat interventions due to occlusion, migration, or removal. Biodegradable stents (BDSs) have emerged as an alternative, providing temporary support with spontaneous degradation and avoiding retrieval.MethodsA systematic search of PubMed, EMBASE, MEDLINE, Scopus, and the Cochrane Library was conducted to May 22, 2025, in accordance with PRISMA guidelines. Eligible studies reported human data on BDS use for benign biliary or pancreatic disease. Outcomes included technical and clinical success, dwell time, complications, and reintervention.ResultsFifteen studies (467 patients) were included. The most frequent indication was benign biliary stricture, followed by post-cholecystectomy bile leaks and pancreatic duct strictures. Stents were placed via ERCP (<i>n</i> = 193) or percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography (<i>n</i> = 274). Polydioxanone-based devices were most common, with diameters 2-12 mm and lengths 30-125 mm. Technical success was 99.4% and clinical success 73.3%. Across studies, 108 complications were reported, most often cholangitis (<i>n</i> = 36), stricture recurrence (<i>n</i> = 19), haemobilia/bleeding (<i>n</i> = 16), and pain/fever (<i>n</i> = 11); migration and pancreatitis were less frequent. The mean reintervention rate was 35.5% (range 0-100%), largely reflecting planned management after stent degradation rather than device failure. Mean follow-up was 14.4 months (range 0.5-52).ConclusionsBDSs appear safe and effective in selected benign biliary and pancreatic conditions. Further prospective studies and randomized trials are needed to establish optimal indications and long-term outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":22095,"journal":{"name":"Surgical Innovation","volume":" ","pages":"494-506"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146143646","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mid-Term Outcomes Following Endovascular Aneurysm Repair Using the INCRAFT Stent-Graft System.","authors":"Dashuai Wang, Yuxuan Li, Shaojie Li, Ni Zhao, Yongyu Zhang, Xiufang Lv, Xiaodi Zheng, Hairun Gan, Pengfei Pang","doi":"10.1177/15533506261425005","DOIUrl":"10.1177/15533506261425005","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>BackgroundThis study aims to investigate the durability and outcomes of endovascular aneurysm repair (EVAR) for abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAAs) using the low-profile INCRAFT Stent-Graft System.MethodsBaseline characteristics, procedural data, and clinical outcomes were retrospectively collected from patients diagnosed with infrarenal AAAs, who underwent elective EVAR using the INCRAFT device from August 2017 to March 2023 at our institute.ResultsThirty-two patients with a mean age of 72.72 ± 7.18 years were included in the study, and 84.4% of the patients had hostile iliac accesses. The immediate technical success rate of INCRAFT device implantation was 100%, and clinical success was obtained in all patients post-procedure. The intraprocedural endoleak (EL) rate was 15.6%, with three cases of type 1a EL and two cases of type 1b EL (resolved after percutaneous transluminal angioplasty). Reintervention was required in 5 patients, four of whom underwent successful transarterial embolisation for type 2 EL; one of the patient underwent proximal extension for type 1a EL. During a median post-procedural follow-up of 32 months, there were no aneurysm-related deaths, stent-graft migration, or aneurysm-related ruptures. Freedom from all-cause mortality was 93.8%, and freedom from secondary intervention was 84.4% at 3 years.ConclusionsIn this real-world study setting, the midterm outcomes of the INCRAFT Stent-Graft System showed no aneurysm-related deaths. The use of this low-profile device for infrarenal AAAs is associated with sustained success and relatively low rates of reintervention during follow-up, which represents a safe and effective option for endovascular treatment in patients with hostile iliac accesses.</p>","PeriodicalId":22095,"journal":{"name":"Surgical Innovation","volume":" ","pages":"449-457"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147276989","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Artificial Intelligence in Bariatric Surgery: A Clinician-Centered Framework for Surgical Readiness, Workflow Integration, and Decision Support.","authors":"Dabeluchi C Ngwu, Kingsley Ifeanyi Omerenma","doi":"10.1177/15533506261493244","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/15533506261493244","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>BackgroundArtificial intelligence (AI) shows promise for risk prediction and decision support in bariatric surgery, yet most models are retrospective, internally validated, and insufficiently tested in real-world workflows.MethodsThis clinician-centered narrative review synthesizes AI applications for perioperative risk prediction, including anastomotic leak, venous thromboembolism, readmission, and long-term weight-loss trajectories. It focuses on the translational requirements for safe surgical decision support, including external validation, explainability, equity assessment, workflow integration, governance, and clinical impact.ResultsCurrent AI applications focus on prediction rather than autonomous action. Models exist for complications, readmissions, and weight-loss outcomes, but many are limited by retrospective design, insufficient external or prospective validation, opaque individual risk estimates, sparse subgroup analyses, poor workflow integration, and limited evidence of improved decision-making or outcomes.DiscussionPredictive performance alone is insufficient for clinical utility. AI tools must deliver interpretable outputs, perform reliably across patient groups, integrate into bariatric workflows, and trigger actionable care pathways. Without these features, accurate models remain research-stage tools.ConclusionAI is not yet broadly ready for routine bariatric use. Its near-term role is as adjunctive, multidisciplinary decision support within surgeon-led pathways. The proposed readiness framework and checklist may help surgical teams triage AI tools for research-only use, pilot testing, or responsible deployment.</p>","PeriodicalId":22095,"journal":{"name":"Surgical Innovation","volume":" ","pages":"15533506261493244"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149076012","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical Utility and Safety of a Novel Support Device \"Nuts Holder\" in Scrotal and Penile Surgery: Initial Experience.","authors":"Yutaro Sasaki, Kei Daizumoto, Ryoei Minato, Tetsuhiro Yano, Mitsuki Nishiyama, Saki Kobayashi, Keito Shiozaki, Ryotaro Tomida, Yoshito Kusuhara, Kunihisa Yamaguchi, Tomoya Fukawa, Junya Furukawa","doi":"10.1177/15533506261495647","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/15533506261495647","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>NeedAdequate stabilization in scrotal and penile surgeries is essential but traditionally relies on manual fixation, causing assistant fatigue and operative instability.Technical SolutionWe developed the Nuts Holder, an adjustable, reusable stainless steel support device featuring a screw-and-slide mechanism designed to gently clamp and stabilize the target organ.Proof of ConceptIn 16 consecutive urological cases, including microTESE, the device was successfully applied without any complications. A surgeon survey demonstrated 100% agreement on improved operative stability, reduced assistant dependence, and enhanced maintenance of microscopic focus.Next StepsTo address an initial learning curve regarding setup ease, a second-generation model featuring a quick-release mechanism and reduced weight is currently under development.ConclusionThe Nuts Holder is a safe and feasible device that standardizes tissue fixation, prevents assistant-related instability, and successfully facilitates solo surgery in urology.</p>","PeriodicalId":22095,"journal":{"name":"Surgical Innovation","volume":" ","pages":"15533506261495647"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149064317","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ultra Low Cost, Open-Source, 3D-Printed Neuroendovascular Flow Model.","authors":"Mokshal H Porwal, Ethan Fitzgerald, Paul Jeong, Evan Luther, Alexander Yu, Alexander Whiting","doi":"10.1177/15533506261492396","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/15533506261492396","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>BackgroundCommercial neuroendovascular simulation systems and patient-specific flow models can be costly or technically complex. We developed an openly documented model spanning peripheral access to intracranial targets using consumer-grade fused-deposition modeling.MethodAn idealized, predominantly planar vascular pathway was divided into three sections, printed in polylactic acid, and bonded with cyanoacrylate. Printed Luer-compatible connectors, silicone tubing, a peristaltic pump, water, and an open reservoir formed a recirculating circuit. Two operators used surplus 5-French and 6-French guide catheters, a distal access catheter, microcatheters, microguidewires, and syringes for descriptive passage checks.StatisticsThis single-build technical feasibility study used descriptive reporting only. No inferential statistical testing was performed.ResultsThe three sections required approximately 151 h of printing and had a combined slicer-reported mass of approximately 780 g. Reported direct component and consumable cost was under US $100, excluding printer acquisition, labor, electricity, reusable accessories, and clinical devices. Water recirculated with residual seepage at selected interfaces. Guide and distal access catheters traversed the represented access, aortic, carotid, and vertebral pathways; microcatheters and guidewires reached the represented circle of Willis and selected distal branches.DiscussionConsumer fabrication, simplified geometry, standard interfaces, and open files reduced cost and manufacturing complexity. The planar anatomy, rigid material, uncharacterized flow, and absence of formal educational or mechanical validation limit realism and intended use.ConclusionThis open-source model establishes single-build fabrication, recirculation, and gross catheter-passage feasibility. It is a low-cost bench platform for introductory familiarization and engineering iteration, not an anatomically, hemodynamically, mechanically, or educationally validated simulator.</p>","PeriodicalId":22095,"journal":{"name":"Surgical Innovation","volume":" ","pages":"15533506261492396"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149026065","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}