Sociological Science最新文献_第4页

Do Organizational Policies Narrow Gender Inequality? Novel Evidence from Longitudinal Employer–Employee Data 组织政策能缩小性别不平等吗?来自雇主-雇员纵向数据的新证据

IF 3.4 2区社会学

Sociological Science Pub Date : 2023-02-28 DOI: 10.15195/v10.a2

Florian Zimmermann, Matthias Collischon

引用次数: 4

Layered Legacies. How Multiple Histories Shaped the Attitudes of Contemporary Europeans 分层的遗产。多重历史如何塑造当代欧洲人的态度

IF 3.4 2区社会学

Sociological Science Pub Date : 2023-02-23 DOI: 10.15195/v10.a1

Andreas Wimmer

{"title":"Layered Legacies. How Multiple Histories Shaped the Attitudes of Contemporary Europeans","authors":"Andreas Wimmer","doi":"10.15195/v10.a1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15195/v10.a1","url":null,"abstract":"This article introduces the concept of multiple, layered, and interacting histories, which opens four new avenues of research. We can ask which types of institutions or events, such as states, religions, or war, are more likely to leave a historical legacy. We can also explore why only certain states, religions, or wars leave legacies. We can compare the consequences of older and newer layers of history, such as of a series of successor states. Finally, these layers may interact with each other by preserving, neutralizing, or amplifying each other's effects. To illustrate these new research avenues, I use measurements of value orientations as well as generalized trust from the European Social Survey as dependent variables. New data on the history of states as well as the wars fought since 1500 are combined with existing data on the medieval policies of the Church, all coded at the level of 411 European regions. A series of regression models suggests that the political history of states is more consequential for contemporary attitudes than medieval religious policies or wars, that older layers of states can be as impactful as more recent ones, that interactions between layers are frequent, and that modern nation-states are more likely to leave a legacy than other types of polities.","PeriodicalId":22029,"journal":{"name":"Sociological Science","volume":"37 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2023-02-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50167473","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Marginal Odds Ratios: What They Are, How to Compute Them, and Why Sociologists Might Want to Use Them 边际优势比:它们是什么，如何计算它们，以及为什么社会学家可能想要使用它们

IF 3.4 2区社会学

Sociological Science Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.15195/v10.a10

K. Karlson, Ben Jann

引用次数: 0

Cross-Group Differences in Age, Period, and Cohort Effects: A Bounding Approach to the Gender Wage Gap 年龄、时期和队列效应的跨组差异:性别工资差距的边界方法

2区社会学

Sociological Science Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.15195/v10.a26

Ohjae Gowen, Ethan Fosse, Christopher Winship

{"title":"Cross-Group Differences in Age, Period, and Cohort Effects: A Bounding Approach to the Gender Wage Gap","authors":"Ohjae Gowen, Ethan Fosse, Christopher Winship","doi":"10.15195/v10.a26","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15195/v10.a26","url":null,"abstract":": For decades, researchers have sought to understand the separate contributions of age, period, and cohort (APC) on a wide range of outcomes. However, a major challenge in these efforts is the linear dependence among the three time scales. Previous methods have been plagued by either arbitrary assumptions or extreme sensitivity to small variations in model specification. In this article, we present an alternative method that achieves partial identification by leveraging additional information about subpopulations (or strata) such as race, gender, and social class. Our first goal is to introduce the cross-strata linearized APC (CSL-APC) model, a re-parameterization of the traditional APC model that focuses on cross-group variations in effects instead of overall effects. Similar to the traditional model, the linear cross-strata APC effects are not identified. The second goal is to show how Fosse and Winship’s (2019) bounding approach can be used to address the identification problem of the CSL-APC model, allowing one to partially identify cross-group differences in effects. This approach often involves weaker assumptions than previously used techniques and, in some cases, can lead to highly informative bounds. To illustrate our method, we examine differences in temporal effects on wages between men and women in the United States.","PeriodicalId":22029,"journal":{"name":"Sociological Science","volume":"47 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136301589","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Eurythmics or Xenakis? Cultural Tastes (Are Not Made of Genes): Comment on Jæger and Møllegaard, “Where Do Cultural Tastes Come From? Genes, Environments, or Experiences” 体操还是Xenakis?文化品味(不是由基因决定的)——评Jæger和Møllegaard《文化品味从何而来?》基因、环境或经历”

IF 3.4 2区社会学

Sociological Science Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.15195/v10.a15

J. Larrègue, Frédéric Lebaron, H. Perdry, N. Robette

引用次数: 0

Why Net Worth Misrepresents Wealth Effects and What to Do About It 为什么净资产会歪曲财富效应?该怎么办

2区社会学

Sociological Science Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.15195/v10.a19

Jascha Dräger, Klaus Pforr, Nora Müller

{"title":"Why Net Worth Misrepresents Wealth Effects and What to Do About It","authors":"Jascha Dräger, Klaus Pforr, Nora Müller","doi":"10.15195/v10.a19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15195/v10.a19","url":null,"abstract":": Wealth plays an important role in social stratification but the results that can be obtained when analyzing wealth as a predictor variable depend on modeling decisions. Although wealth consists of multiple components it is often operationalized as net worth. Moreover, wealth effects are likely non-linear, but the functional form is often unknown. To overcome these problems, we propose to 1) split up net worth into gross wealth and debt and evaluate their joint effect and 2) use non-parametric Generalized Additive Models. We show in a simulation study that this approach describes systematic wealth differences in more detail and overfits less to random variation in the data than standard approaches. We then apply the approach to re-analyze wealth gaps in educational attainment in the US. We find that the operationalization of wealth as net worth results in a misclassification of which children have the best and the worst educational prospects. Not negative net worth is associated with the worst educational prospects but only the combination of low gross wealth and low debt. The most advantaged group are not only children with high net worth but all children with high gross wealth independent of the households’ amount of debt.","PeriodicalId":22029,"journal":{"name":"Sociological Science","volume":"174 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135360361","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Ethnic Lens: Social Networks and the Salience of Ethnicity in the School Context 种族镜头:社会网络和学校背景下种族的突出性

2区社会学

Sociological Science Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.15195/v10.a22

Clemens Kroneberg, Mark Wittek

{"title":"The Ethnic Lens: Social Networks and the Salience of Ethnicity in the School Context","authors":"Clemens Kroneberg, Mark Wittek","doi":"10.15195/v10.a22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15195/v10.a22","url":null,"abstract":": Research on ethnic segregation in schools regularly assumed that ethnic homophily—the tendency to befriend same-ethnic peers, above and beyond other mechanisms of tie formation—is associated with salient ethnic boundaries. We devise a more direct test of this assumption based on a novel measure of ethno-racial group perceptions. In a network study of more than 3000 students in 39 schools of a metropolitan region in Germany, we asked students to indicate which cliques they perceived in their school grade and to describe these groups in their own words. We ﬁnd that ethno-racial labels are more likely directed at larger cliques that include a higher share of Muslim students or more students with stronger ethnic identiﬁcation. Still, ethno-racial labels are rarely employed, both absolutely and relative to other modes of classiﬁcation. Moreover, net ethnic segregation in friendships (“ethnic homophily”) and the reverse pattern in dislike relations (“ethnic heterophobia”) are not associated with a more frequent use of ethno-racial labels. Our results have substantive and methodological implications for the study of social networks and diversity in educational settings.","PeriodicalId":22029,"journal":{"name":"Sociological Science","volume":"45 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135650206","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Differences in the Risk of Grade Retention for Biracial and Monoracial Students in the United States, 2010 to 2019 2010 - 2019年美国混血儿和单种族学生留级风险的差异

IF 3.4 2区社会学

Sociological Science Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.15195/v10.a13

A. Gullickson

引用次数: 0

Does Unprecedented Mass Immigration Fuel Ethnic Discrimination? A Two-Wave Field Experiment in the German Housing Market 空前的大规模移民会加剧种族歧视吗?德国住房市场的两波实地试验

2区社会学

Sociological Science Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.15195/v10.a23

Katrin Auspurg, Renate Lorenz, Andreas Schneck

{"title":"Does Unprecedented Mass Immigration Fuel Ethnic Discrimination? A Two-Wave Field Experiment in the German Housing Market","authors":"Katrin Auspurg, Renate Lorenz, Andreas Schneck","doi":"10.15195/v10.a23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15195/v10.a23","url":null,"abstract":": Literature suggests that sudden mass immigration can fuel xenophobic attitudes. However, there is a lack of reliable evidence on hostile actions, such as discrimination. In this study, we leverage the unexpected mass immigration of refugees to Germany in 2015 in combination with a two-wave field experiment to study the effect of immigration on ethnic discrimination. In 2015/2016, political and social tensions in the Middle East and North Africa led to a historic mass migration to European countries. We carried out a large-scale field experiment on ethnic housing market discrimination in Germany (paired e-mail correspondence test with ~5,000 e-mail applications to rental housing units in each wave) shortly before this “European refugee crisis”(1 st wave). We repeated this experiment at the peak of the crisis (2 nd wave of our experiment). By taking advantage of the unexpected refugee immigration between the two waves of our experiment and the quasi-random allocation of refugees across regions for causal identification, we find no credible evidence that the large influx of refugees changed the extent of ethnic discrimination of Turks in the rental housing market. This result holds regardless of the extent to which regions within Germany were already accustomed to immigration before the refugee crisis.","PeriodicalId":22029,"journal":{"name":"Sociological Science","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135699404","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

“Looking for It in Genetix”: Response to Comment “在Genetix寻找它”:对评论的回应

IF 3.4 2区社会学

Sociological Science Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.15195/v10.a16

M. Jæger, Stine Møllegaard

引用次数: 0