Izvestia Ufimskogo Nauchnogo Tsentra RAN最新文献

{"title":"GEODESIC ORBITS AND LYAPUNOV EXPONENTS OF FROLOV'S BLACK HOLE","authors":"R. Karimov","doi":"10.31040/2222-8349-2023-0-2-34-38","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31040/2222-8349-2023-0-2-34-38","url":null,"abstract":"Binary black holes maintain unstable orbits at very close distances. In the simplest case of geodesics around a Schwarzschild black hole, the orbits, although unstable, are regular and depend only on the mass. In more complex cases, geodesics may depend on charge, rotation, and other parameters. When perturbed, unstable orbits can become a source of chaos. All unstable orbits, whether regular or chaotic, can be quantified by their Lyapunov exponents. Exponents are important for observations because the phase of gravitational waves can decohere in Lyapunov time. If the time scale of dissipation due to gravitational waves is shorter than the Lyapunov time, the chaos will be damped and practically unobservable. These two time scales can be compared. Lyapunov exponents should be used with caution for several reasons: they are relative and dependent on the coordinate system used, they vary from orbit to orbit, and finally, they can be deceptively diluted by transitional behavior for orbits that pass in and out of unstable regions. The stability of circular geodesic orbits of Frolov's black hole space-time is studied in this work. The influence of the black hole charge and the scale parameter on the stability of geodesic orbits and the Lyapunov exponent is analyzed. It is shown that the region of stable circular orbits increases with the black hole charge Q and the scale parameter ℓ . The largest region of stable circular orbits of Frolov's black hole is reached at Q = M and ℓ = 0.75M.","PeriodicalId":220280,"journal":{"name":"Izvestia Ufimskogo Nauchnogo Tsentra RAN","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133091363","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"DEVELOPMENT OF THE RETAIL TRADE SYSTEM IN BASHKIRIA IN 1945-1953 SS","authors":"A. V. Antoshkin","doi":"10.31040/2222-8349-2023-0-2-89-98","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31040/2222-8349-2023-0-2-89-98","url":null,"abstract":"Analyses qualitative and quantitative changes in the structure of the retail network of state-operated and cooperative trade in Bashkiria in 1945 to 1953. On the basis of archive documents, it shows the main tendencies in developing goods turnover in the republic, and traces the evolution of the retail network towards ever greater coverage of the consumer base. The aim of the research is to determine the effectiveness of the development and distribution of the trade network in Bashkiria in 1945 to 1953. During the post-war economic recovery, the development of trading network in Bashkiria had several main aspects. First, it was steady expansion of the retail network, creating new organizations, constantly shrinking the areas covered by one outlet. Second, the retail network started to specialize actively, which helped build an effective system of selling goods of complex assortment and the overall sales culture. A decrease in prices and the ruble getting stronger led to the rapid growth of solvency among the people, nevertheless, mechanistic distribution of goods among trading organizations caused an unplanned excess of goods which were left in storehouses and in the retail chain. As a result, despite increasing the commodity weight, plans for the goods turnover were not fulfilled completely, in many districts of the republic there were shortages of fast moving consumer goods. The storage departments of factories were highly ineffective. They dispatched goods irregularly, incompletely and violating the set assortment. The main result of the research is the analysis of the dynamics of the expansion of the trade network. It showed a number of problems which negatively affected creating and fulfilling plans for goods turnover.","PeriodicalId":220280,"journal":{"name":"Izvestia Ufimskogo Nauchnogo Tsentra RAN","volume":"52 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129365974","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"PHYLOGENETIC RELATIONSHIPS OF SUBSPECIES OF THE CHINESE WAX BEE APIS CERANA FROM SOUTH KOREA, VIETNAM AND RUSSIA BASED ON THE NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE DATA OF THE DEFENSIN 1 AND DEFENSIN 2 GENES","authors":"A. K. Kinzikeev, L. Gaifullina, A. Gladkikh, A. Salikhova, P. Ilyasov, E. S. Saltykova","doi":"10.31040/2222-8349-2023-0-2-72-78","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31040/2222-8349-2023-0-2-72-78","url":null,"abstract":"We have studied the Def1 and Def2 genes in order to establish the relationship between the distribution of polymorphism in these genes and the geographical distribution of Apis cerana populations in South Korea, Vietnam, and Russia. Based on the obtained nucleotide sequences, phylogenetic trees were built, which show that the polymorphism of the Def1 and Def2 genes is not associated with geographical distribution of A. cerana populations.","PeriodicalId":220280,"journal":{"name":"Izvestia Ufimskogo Nauchnogo Tsentra RAN","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130445906","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"DYNAMICS OF THE SEGETAL FLORA OF THE SOUTH OF THE NON-CHERNOZEM ZONE OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION WITH A CHANGE IN THE LEVEL OF ANTHROPOGENIC IMPACT","authors":"A. Nikolskij, V. Bochkarev, D. V. Bochkarev, T. F. Devyatkina, A. V. Bardin","doi":"10.31040/2222-8349-2023-0-2-79-88","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31040/2222-8349-2023-0-2-79-88","url":null,"abstract":"The article presents a comparative analysis of the taxonomic structure of the segetal flora of the south of the Non-Chernozem zone of the Russian Federation over a 90-year period of time. The segetal flora is represented by weeds of agrophytocenoses of the main cereals, leguminous and row crops, perennial and annual grasses. The maximum species richness of the segetal flora was established for the period of the minimum anthropogenic load of the 1930s - 166 species. The minimum number of species was noted for the segetal flora of the 1980s, a period characterized by maximum anthropogenic loading. The core of weed species in all periods were representatives of the Asteraceae, Poaceae, Brassicaceae, Fabaceae, Lamiaceae, Caryophyllaceae, Scrophulariaceae families. When comparing the species composition of agrophytocenoses of individual crops, it was found that the increase in anthropogenic load contributes to an increase in the coefficient of similarity between them. The coefficient of similarity in all periods of research was quite high between cultures similar in biology and cultivation technology. A pool of segetal species was identified that maintained a high population density during all periods of research. They are treated as perennial (Elytrigia repens (L.) Nevski Convolvulus arvensis L., Cirsium setosum (Willd.) Besser., Equisetum arvense L) so are juvenile (Chenopodium album L., Amaranthus retroflexus L.) weed species. At the present stage of the phlorogenesis of segetal vegetation, there is an increase in the proportion of adventitious species of its components. Stable populations for the region were noted in such adventitious species as Galinsoga parviflores Cav., Erigeron annuus L., Heracleum sosnowskyi Manden.","PeriodicalId":220280,"journal":{"name":"Izvestia Ufimskogo Nauchnogo Tsentra RAN","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121475994","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"STUDY OF THE INFLUENCE OF MANUFACTURING CONDITIONS ON THE PHOTOCONDUCTIVITY OF THE SECTION BOUNDARY OF TWO POLYMER FILMS","authors":"N. Panova, V. Labuda, A. Yusupov, A. Lachinov","doi":"10.31040/2222-8349-2023-0-1-28-31","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31040/2222-8349-2023-0-1-28-31","url":null,"abstract":"The study of optical properties in organic materials requires taking into account a wide range of features of these materials in connection with their sensitivity to external influences and aggressive environment. In this work, we studied the features of the photoconductivity of the interface between two dielectrics (polydiphenylene phthalide (PDP)) manufactured under different conditions. Drying was carried out in air and in vacuum. This study is necessary to determine the features of the manufacturing process and its effect on the photoconductive properties of the interface. Currently, the structure of the polymer / polymer interface has been fairly well studied by various methods, in particular, atomic force microscopy. However, there is a certain difficulty in obtaining repeatable results due to the presence of dilution of the lower PDP film when the upper polymer layer is applied. In this work, the photoconductive properties were studied on the basis of the measurements of the current-voltage characteristics (CVC) and the curves of the growth and relaxation of the photocurrent. Based on the results obtained within the framework of this work, it is possible to draw conclusions about the contribution of the drying method of experimental structures to the photoconductivity of the interface. It is known that oxygen makes a significant contribution to the electrical conductivity of thin PDP films. Earlier, it was shown on this polymer material that the presence of oxygen leads to a decrease in the conductivity of PDP films due to the formation of charge carrier traps. Moreover, when oxygen interacts with fragments of a polymer molecule, a chemical bond does not arise, which leads to a reversible change in electrical conductivity with a change in oxygen concentration. Due to this, the PDP films demonstrate a high stability of the electrophysical characteristics for several years when repeated measurements are carried out in an open atmosphere and at room temperature. It can be argued that the effect on the response of photoconductivity in organic materials, as well as on the relaxation time, can be associated with the presence of oxygen traps in the PDP films, increasing the relaxation time. This result is extremely important from the point of view of the practical application of these structures.","PeriodicalId":220280,"journal":{"name":"Izvestia Ufimskogo Nauchnogo Tsentra RAN","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129723255","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ELIASHBERG EQUATION WRITTEN ON THE IMAGINARY AXIS FOR AN ISOTROPIC MEDIUM: SOLUTION ALGORITHM AND CALCULATION EXAMPLES","authors":"R. Ikhsanov, E. Mazur, M. Kagan","doi":"10.31040/2222-8349-2023-0-1-49-56","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31040/2222-8349-2023-0-1-49-56","url":null,"abstract":"At present, the task of searching for compounds with a high superconducting transition temperature ТС is a very relevant scientific direction. Usually, the calculation of ТС is performed by numerically solving the system of Eliashberg equations. This system is a system of integral equations, which, by discretizing the integrals included in it, is reduced to a system of transcendental non-linear equations, suitable for a numerical solution. In this paper, we present a set of programs for solving this system written in various forms on the imaginary axis for an isotropic medium. In addition, formulas for the Jacobian of this system are presented for the first time, the use of which in numerical calculations increases the speed and stability of calculations. As an example of the developed methods applications, the results of calculations of ТС and thermodynamic properties for the metallic hydrogen I41/amd phase under a pressure of 500 GPa are given. Also, the results of calculations of ТС for some metallic hydrides superconducting at high pressures, are given.","PeriodicalId":220280,"journal":{"name":"Izvestia Ufimskogo Nauchnogo Tsentra RAN","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122311428","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"SALAZKIN S.N. - A WELL-KNOWN SCIENTIST IN THE FIELD OF CHEMISTRY OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS","authors":"N. G. Gileva","doi":"10.31040/2222-8349-2023-0-1-113-116","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31040/2222-8349-2023-0-1-113-116","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":220280,"journal":{"name":"Izvestia Ufimskogo Nauchnogo Tsentra RAN","volume":"83 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121212742","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"WEAK GRAVITATIONAL LENSING BY CHARGED BLACK HOLES","authors":"R. Izmailov, R. Karimov, E. Minakhmetova","doi":"10.31040/2222-8349-2023-0-1-32-37","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31040/2222-8349-2023-0-1-32-37","url":null,"abstract":"The deflection of light due to gravity was predicted by general relativity and first confirmed by observations in 1919. In the following decades, various aspects of the gravitational lensing effect were theoretically explored, including the possibility of obtaining multiple or annular images of background sources, the use of lensing as a gravitational telescope on very faint and distant objects, and the possibility of determining the Hubble constant using lensing. Gravitational lensing is the deflection of light by gravity caused by the action of compact astrophysical objects. Various objects, such as a galaxy, stars, black holes, wormholes, and others, can act as a gravitational lens. In our study, as a gravitational lens, we chose black holes described by the Gibbons-Maeda-GarfinkleHorowitz-Strominger solutions in the string frame. The two solutions in the string frame are magnetically and electrically charged black holes with an event horizon. The work will investigate the effect of electric and magnetic charges on the angle of deflection of light.","PeriodicalId":220280,"journal":{"name":"Izvestia Ufimskogo Nauchnogo Tsentra RAN","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124951478","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"\"HE KNEW WAR FROM INSIDE\". ABOUT THE LIFE AND ACTIVITIES OF T.KH. AKHMADIEV (ON THE 100TH ANNIVERSARY)","authors":"R. Suleimanova","doi":"10.31040/2222-8349-2023-0-1-108-112","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31040/2222-8349-2023-0-1-108-112","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":220280,"journal":{"name":"Izvestia Ufimskogo Nauchnogo Tsentra RAN","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130798079","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"INTERACTION AND DYNAMICS OF TOPOLOGICAL DEFECTS IN THE DOMAIN STRUCTURE OF A TWISTED NEMATIC","authors":"V. Delev","doi":"10.31040/2222-8349-2023-0-1-5-12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31040/2222-8349-2023-0-1-5-12","url":null,"abstract":"The dynamics and interaction of topological defects in the domain structure of π/2 twisted nematic liquid crystal are studied. A feature of Williams domains in twisted nematics is that hydrodynamic flows in them, along with the tangential velocity component, also have an axial component, the direction of which is opposite in neighboring domains. The axial velocity component arises as a result of the strong coupling between the initial twisted director orientation n and the hydrodynamic flow velocity. In domain structures of π/2 twisted nematics, as well as in planar oriented ones, edge dislocations with topological charges S =±1 arise. With increasing applied voltage density of dislocations grows. Dislocations move both along the Williams domains ( climb ) and perpendicular to them ( glide ). At a certain rate of the increasing applied voltage U > U c, distortions of the domain structure begin to propagate on both sides of the defect core. This leads to the formation of a special topological defects - dislocations with a “diffused” core, or linear defects, which are oriented perpendicular to the Williams domains and move mainly along them. The arising linear defect has the same topological charge as the initial dislocation. It is shown that their interaction is qualitatively well described by the perturbed sine-Gordon equation.","PeriodicalId":220280,"journal":{"name":"Izvestia Ufimskogo Nauchnogo Tsentra RAN","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127148476","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}