Surface & Coatings Technology最新文献

{"title":"Effect of ultrasonic shot peening on the sliding wear and corrosion resistance of Ni-P/Ni multi-layered coating on 15-5PH stainless steel","authors":"Chaorun Si ,&nbsp;Chuyang Xiao ,&nbsp;Chenyu Qi","doi":"10.1016/j.surfcoat.2026.133231","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.surfcoat.2026.133231","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates the application of an Ultrasonic Shot Peening (USP) technique for surface treatment of Ni-P/Ni multi-layered coating on stainless steel. The effects of USP on the phase composition, wear resistance, and corrosion resistance of the multi-layered coating were examined. Experimental results indicate that USP treatment can effectively enhance the surface hardness of the coating. For instance, the sample subjected to 960 s of USP achieved a surface hardness of 693 HV_0.050, representing a 14% increase compared to the untreated substrate. Although no phase transformation was induced, the improved surface hardness and residual stress resulting from adequate USP duration were observed to contribute to notable enhancements in both tribological performance and corrosion resistance. Notably, the sample treated for 960 s exhibited the most substantial improvement in both wear and corrosion resistance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":22009,"journal":{"name":"Surface & Coatings Technology","volume":"523 ","pages":"Article 133231"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146090200","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of biocorrosion and cytocompatibility of sol-gel deposited ceramic particles on plasma electrolytic oxidised ZM21 alloy for temporary orthopaedic implant application","authors":"Nasiruddin U. ,&nbsp;Thanvanth B.M. ,&nbsp;Virutheeshwari VS ,&nbsp;Mohankumar N. ,&nbsp;Rama Krishna L. ,&nbsp;Rameshbabu N.","doi":"10.1016/j.surfcoat.2026.133232","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.surfcoat.2026.133232","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To further improve the corrosion resistance and biological performance, such as bioactivity, cell adhesion, and cytocompatibility, of plasma electrolytic oxidised magnesium alloys, depositing ceramic particles onto the porous PEO surface via post-processing is a promising approach. The present research focuses on developing a biocompatible and bioactive surface by depositing ceramic materials (titania and silica) onto PEO-coated ZM21 alloy via the sol-gel post-processing approach. The findings suggest that the deposition of ceramic particles has reduced the wettability and surface roughness of the PEO-processed ZM21 alloy by sealing activity. The scratch tests revealed that the critical load of failure (L_c3) is 27.1 N for the PEO coating and increased to 33.1 N for the silica-deposited PEO sample. The PEO treatment improved the anti-corrosion property by four orders of magnitude by reducing the i_corr from 3.36 × 10⁻¹ mA/cm² for the substrate to 7.05 × 10⁻⁵ mA/cm² for the PEO-treated sample. The sol-gel deposition of either titania or silica particles as a post-treatment for PEO samples further reduced the i_corr to 2.25 × 10⁻⁶ mA/cm² and 7.58 × 10⁻⁷ mA/cm², respectively. The cytotoxicity test for the PEO-treated sample at 100% extract concentration showed cell viability of only 63%. In contrast, PEO samples post-treated with titania and silica sol-gel solutions exhibited enhanced cell viabilities of 75% and 83%, respectively, accompanied by increased cell adhesion on the sample surfaces. Considering all the physical, biological, and electrochemical behaviour of the various samples, the silica sol-gel post-treated PEO sample exhibited excellent degradation resistance and cell viability, indicating that it can be a viable material for temporary orthopaedic implant applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":22009,"journal":{"name":"Surface & Coatings Technology","volume":"523 ","pages":"Article 133232"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146090199","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study on the growth mechanism and properties of Zn-Al-Mg alloy thermal diffusion coatings","authors":"Xin Wang ,&nbsp;Tianyu Zhang ,&nbsp;Zihan Zhao ,&nbsp;Wenlong Guo ,&nbsp;An Du ,&nbsp;Yong Wang ,&nbsp;Ruina Ma ,&nbsp;Yongzhe Fan ,&nbsp;Xue Zhao ,&nbsp;Xiaoming Cao","doi":"10.1016/j.surfcoat.2026.133230","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.surfcoat.2026.133230","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Zn-Al-Mg powder co-diffusion was performed on Q235 steel using a mechanical energy-assisted diffusion process. The resulting ZAM alloy diffusion coating comprised an inner Fe<img>Zn layer composed of δ(FeZn₁₀) and Γ(Fe₁₁Zn₄₀) phases, while the outer layer exhibited a multiphase structure distributed discontinuously in island-like or dot-like patterns on the δ-phase surface. The multiphase structure exhibits layered characteristics extending outward from the δ phase: an Al-rich layer composed of Al₂O₃ and Fe<img>Al phases; a Mg-rich layer interwoven with Mg<img>Al phases, Mg<img>Zn phases, and MgO; and an amorphous ZnO layer. The growth mechanism is investigated by this study, revealing that during the primary co-diffusion phase, a 20 μm Fe<img>Zn layer formed first on the substrate. Subsequently, increased Al atoms combined with Fe atoms within the Fe<img>Zn phase to form an Fe<img>Al layer, thereby inhibiting Fe<img>Zn layer growth. Finally, active Mg atoms form a Mg-rich layer on the surface of the Fe<img>Al layer. Mg-rich layer combines with Al atoms to form a Mg<img>Al phase and induces lattice distortion, thereby inhibiting Fe<img>Al layer growth. Throughout the process, the removal of HCl exposes the Fe<img>Zn layer and restores its normal growth. Eventually, under this dynamic mechanism, a complex, multi-phase outer structure is formed. The self-corrosion current (J_corr) of the ZAM diffusion coating (1.673 × 10⁻⁵ A/cm²) markedly lower than the ZA diffusion coating (5.499 × 10⁻⁵ A/cm²). While the ZAM diffusion coating exhibited a weight gain of 1.182 ± 0.075 mg/cm² after 120 h of oxidation at 500 °C, which was slightly higher than the ZA diffusion coating but considerably lower than Q235 steel.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":22009,"journal":{"name":"Surface & Coatings Technology","volume":"523 ","pages":"Article 133230"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146090263","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of B4C-induced in-situ ceramic reinforcing phases on the mechanical properties of FeCoCrNiMnTi₀.₅Al₀.₅ high-entropy alloy coatings","authors":"Fengyuan Guo ,&nbsp;Chuanwei Shi ,&nbsp;Lingchen Kong ,&nbsp;Shenhao Wang ,&nbsp;Zhiheng Zhu ,&nbsp;Junjie Zhao ,&nbsp;Mengjie Liao","doi":"10.1016/j.surfcoat.2026.133189","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.surfcoat.2026.133189","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this study, FeCoCrNiMnTi₀.₅Al₀.₅/B₄C coatings with different B₄C contents (0, 1, 3, 5, 7, and 9 wt%) were fabricated on AISI 1045 steel by laser cladding to investigate the effect of B₄C on the evolution of microstructure and wear resistance. With increasing B₄C content, in-situ reactions during solidification produced TiC, Ti(C,B), and CrB ceramic phases, transforming the coating from a dual-phase (BCC/FCC) to a multiphase structure. The microstructure evolved from columnar to equiaxed and eventually to acicular grains. For the S4 coating, EBSD analyses revealed reduced texture strength and moderate dislocation density, contributing to enhanced strength. Grain refinement and dispersion of in-situ ceramics jointly improved the microhardness and wear resistance. The S4 coating exhibited optimal performance, with a wear rate of only 2.2% that of the AISI 1045 steel substrate. However, excessive B₄C caused CrB coarsening and brittle fracture, leading to accelerated three-body abrasive wear. At 600 °C, the uniformly distributed TiC, Ti(C,B), and CrB-rich phases exhibited excellent thermal stability, enhancing hardness and resistance to plastic deformation. Furthermore, these ceramic phases promoted the formation of a dense and continuous oxide film with self-lubricating and self-healing characteristics, markedly reducing the friction coefficient and wear rate. This study elucidates the dual strengthening and protection mechanisms provided by the in-situ ceramic phases and demonstrates that an optimized B₄C content enables superior tribological performance of the coatings under both room-temperature and 600 °C wear conditions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":22009,"journal":{"name":"Surface & Coatings Technology","volume":"523 ","pages":"Article 133189"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146039740","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Electrochemically enhanced uniform TiO₂ films on TA1 titanium via stepwise anodizing: Decoupling grain-orientation effects and corrosion-resistance mechanisms","authors":"Qiang Zhong ,&nbsp;Changrong Ran ,&nbsp;zhengjie Chen ,&nbsp;Xueqiang Dong ,&nbsp;Zeyao Zeng ,&nbsp;Xu Luo ,&nbsp;Wei Li ,&nbsp;Jin Na ,&nbsp;Lu Wang ,&nbsp;Jinwen Ye","doi":"10.1016/j.surfcoat.2025.133120","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.surfcoat.2025.133120","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study elucidated the critical roles of grain orientation and microstructural homogeneity in governing the growth, uniformity, and electrochemical corrosion resistance of anodizing TiO₂ films on TA1 titanium. Recrystallized TA1, with a nearly uniform grain structure (median grain-size deviation ≈0.61 μm), exhibited low color difference (<span><math><mi>ΔE</mi></math></span> ≈ 0.46–0.56) and stable interference colors over 50–110 V, whereas phase-transformed TA1, with a ∼ 20-fold larger median deviation (≈65.71 μm), contained coarse, anisotropic grains that caused pronounced color non-uniformity. Further investigations confirmed that a 2093 mV surface potential difference between <span><math><mfenced><mrow><mn>11</mn><mover><mn>2</mn><mo>¯</mo></mover><mn>0</mn></mrow></mfenced><mfenced><mn>0001</mn></mfenced></math></span> and <span><math><mfenced><mn>0001</mn></mfenced><mfenced><mrow><mn>11</mn><mover><mn>2</mn><mo>¯</mo></mover><mn>0</mn></mrow></mfenced></math></span>grains tilted 45° along the TD direction dictated localized discharge dynamics, directly resulting in a 46.7 nm thickness disparity (107.6 nm purple vs. 154.3 nm yellow layers) under 70 V anodizing. This orientation-dependent thickness contrast mechanistically explained the macroscopic color demarcation through interference principles. To eliminate these variations, a stepwise anodizing strategy was developed, in which secondary anodizing was used to redistribute the electric potential and promote preferential growth in thinner-film regions, thereby markedly enhancing TiO₂ film uniformity. Electrochemical tests in seawater showed that such uniform films exhibited higher low-frequency impedance and a higher barrier-layer resistance R_m (457–3248 Ω·cm²), thereby affording superior corrosion resistance. These findings not only clarified the mechanism of anisotropic anodizing behavior but also provided a practical approach to fabricate uniform, highly protective, and functional titanium surfaces for marine and biomedical applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":22009,"journal":{"name":"Surface & Coatings Technology","volume":"523 ","pages":"Article 133120"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145996319","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microstructural evolution and thermal corrosion resistance of NiCoCrAlYTa coatings modified via high-frequency nanosecond laser remelting","authors":"Ziming Cheng ,&nbsp;Wei Qian ,&nbsp;Qianru Jia ,&nbsp;Liang Liang ,&nbsp;Yinqun Hua ,&nbsp;Jie Cai ,&nbsp;Jinzhong Lu","doi":"10.1016/j.surfcoat.2026.133190","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.surfcoat.2026.133190","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The hot-corrosion resistance of bond coats is crucial for the longevity of thermal barrier coating (TBC) systems, and improving this property is vital for enhancing TBC performance in high-temperature environments. In this study, high-repetition-rate nanosecond laser remelting (HRF-NLR) was applied to NiCoCrAlYTa bond coats to modify their surface properties, and the hot-corrosion behavior was evaluated at 900 °C in molten Na₂SO₄/NaCl before and after laser modification. The results demonstrated that HRF-NLR significantly reduced surface roughness, porosity, and cracking, while introducing lattice defects and homogenizing the microstructure. A continuous and dense α-Al₂O₃-based thermally grown oxide (TGO) layer formed more readily, leading to an 85.6% reduction in the hot-corrosion oxidation rate compared to the as-sprayed coating. HRF-NLR effectively enhanced the hot-corrosion resistance of NiCoCrAlYTa bond coats, ultimately improving the durability of TBC systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":22009,"journal":{"name":"Surface & Coatings Technology","volume":"523 ","pages":"Article 133190"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146039892","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adhesion of DLC-based coatings on LPBF Al-Si-Mg alloys: influence of substrate hardness","authors":"Maria Francesca Bonilauri ,&nbsp;Emanuele Ghio ,&nbsp;Giovanni Bolelli ,&nbsp;Bertè Alessandro ,&nbsp;Emanuela Cerri","doi":"10.1016/j.surfcoat.2026.133203","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.surfcoat.2026.133203","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The microstructure and mechanical properties of Laser-Powder Bed Fusion (LPBF)-manufactured Al alloys can be tailored through heat treatments. To study how this affects the mechanical support offered to DLC-based thin films, we studied the adhesion of a DLC-based coating onto LPBF AlSi7Mg and AlSi10Mg alloys in four different conditions: as-built, directly aged, solution-treated, and T6 (solutionized and aged). Notably, the solution-treated substrates were harder than the T6 ones after coating due to precipitation during the deposition process itself, whilst the T6 substrates experienced over-aging.</div><div>The fraction of delaminated coating area in the Rockwell indentation test increased and the delamination load in the scratch test decreased when the heat treatment reduced the hardness of the substrate and altered the eutectic Si network produced by the LPBF process. During ball-on-disc sliding wear tests, all substrates, including the as-built ones, deformed plastically under the contact stress. The DLC top layer, with its high H/E ratio, could follow such deformation, but the underlying W-C:H intermediate layer cracked and caused localized spallation of the film, with increased severity on softer substrates. If the wear track passed through an open pore on the LPBF substrate, the additional stress concentration produced an even larger spallation or, with the directly aged or solutionized substrates, a complete delamination. Thus, a softened substrate, coupled with the typical defects of LPBF materials, worsened the repeatability of the sliding behaviour. After the T6 treatment, further reduction in hardness caused the film to delaminate systematically under the chosen test conditions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":22009,"journal":{"name":"Surface & Coatings Technology","volume":"523 ","pages":"Article 133203"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145996318","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fe–Cr co-sputtered thin films: Effect of composition on microstructure and thermal stability","authors":"Chiara Menegus ,&nbsp;Daniel Ariosa ,&nbsp;Vittorio Montanelli ,&nbsp;Marta D. Rossell ,&nbsp;Claudia Cancellieri","doi":"10.1016/j.surfcoat.2026.133237","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.surfcoat.2026.133237","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Magnetron-sputtered thin films can differ markedly from their bulk counterparts, highlighting the need to understand how deposition-induced non-equilibrium effects influence their microstructure and stability. Fe–Cr alloys provide a convenient system to model the behavior of stainless steels, but the properties of the films require careful characterization first. In this work, the influence of composition on the microstructure of co-sputtered Fe–Cr thin films is investigated, with a focus on the formation and stability of solid solutions across a range of Cr-to-Fe ratios. Structural analysis was performed using X-ray diffraction (XRD), where a random intercalation model was employed to fit the diffraction data and quantify lattice parameter evolution with composition. These findings were correlated with morphological and compositional analyses via scanning electron microscopy (SEM), scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), providing insight into elemental distribution and film homogeneity. These techniques were also employed to assess the effect of a 773 K annealing treatment on sputtered films of different composition. The results reveal a systematic variation in microstructure with composition and demonstrate the compositional limits for stable solid solution formation under thermal load. This work contributes to the understanding of phase behavior and microstructural evolution in Fe–Cr alloy thin films.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":22009,"journal":{"name":"Surface & Coatings Technology","volume":"523 ","pages":"Article 133237"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146190508","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microstructure and properties of thick thermal barrier coatings based on Pr6O11 doped ZrO2 on titanium alloy","authors":"Lei Li ,&nbsp;Binglin Zou ,&nbsp;Xueqiang Cao ,&nbsp;Yongqiu Zhang ,&nbsp;Ying Wang ,&nbsp;Lei Guo ,&nbsp;Liang Zhou","doi":"10.1016/j.surfcoat.2026.133244","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.surfcoat.2026.133244","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) thick thermal barrier coating (TTBC) is an effective method for ultra-high temperature protection of titanium alloys. In order to improve the thermal insulation performance of YSZ TTBC, Pr₆O₁₁ doped ZrO₂ (PrSZ) powders were synthesized and the double-ceramic layer (DCL) structure of TTBC with PrSZ thin layer as top layer was designed. Three distinct TTBCs of YSZ, PrSZ and DCL YSZ/PrSZ were fabricated on the titanium alloy substrate by atmospheric plasma spraying (APS). Microstructure and thermal shock and thermal insulation properties of the TTBCs were investigated. The results showed that only a single-phase solid solution with cubic fluorite structure appeared during the APS process for the PrSZ powders with doping contents of 30–40 wt% Pr₆O₁₁. Compared with YSZ TTBC, PrSZ TTBCs exhibited relatively poor thermal shock performance due to the decrease in fracture toughness, but relatively superior thermal insulation property due to the increase in infrared emissivity. Notably, the DCL YSZ/PrSZ TTBCs have both superior thermal shock and thermal insulation properties, which could make them potentially attractive for high-temperature protective applications in titanium alloys.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":22009,"journal":{"name":"Surface & Coatings Technology","volume":"523 ","pages":"Article 133244"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146190511","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Aging strengthening and interface self–healing of cold–sprayed CuCrZr alloy coatings","authors":"Yuxin Jue ,&nbsp;Jiayi He ,&nbsp;Zikai Wu ,&nbsp;Chen Wang ,&nbsp;Jing Lu ,&nbsp;Fenghua Luo","doi":"10.1016/j.surfcoat.2026.133196","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.surfcoat.2026.133196","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The cold–sprayed CuCrZr alloy coating was peeled off from the substrate, and the effects of annealing at 450 °C for 60 min on its microstructure, mechanical properties and thermal conductivity were studied. The results indicate that severe deformation occurs near the particle–particle interface, leading to the formation of nanocrystals. The deformation hardening of particles leads to an increase in the hardness of the cold–sprayed coating. Compared with the as–built CuCrZr alloy obtained by selective laser melting, the hardness of the cold–sprayed CuCrZr alloy increases by approximately 87% from 84 HV0.1 to 157 HV0.1. The pores and weak interfaces between mechanically interlocked particles lead to the brittleness of the coating. However, annealing can repair nanoscale pores and self–healing particle–particle interface bonding, and the precipitation of Cr–rich phase leads to aging strengthening, thereby improving the tensile strength and thermal conductivity of CuCrZr coatings. After annealing, the hardness, tensile strength, and thermal conductivity of the coating are all improved. Specifically, the hardness increased from 157 HV0.1 to 223 HV0.1, an increase of approximately 42%; The tensile strength increased from 61 MPa to 170 MPa, an increase of approximately 179%; The thermal conductivity increased from 91 W/(m·K) to 217 W/(m·K), an increase of 138%.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":22009,"journal":{"name":"Surface & Coatings Technology","volume":"523 ","pages":"Article 133196"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146039785","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}