Zhihui Zhang, Jianxin Deng, Shiyao Rong, Junyan Wang, Yichen Bao
{"title":"Microstructure and properties of chessboard-textured (CFx)n/CaF2/C-ZrO2/TiO2 lubricant-hard composite coatings fabricated by electrospray mask in-situ formation","authors":"Zhihui Zhang, Jianxin Deng, Shiyao Rong, Junyan Wang, Yichen Bao","doi":"10.1016/j.surfcoat.2025.131778","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.surfcoat.2025.131778","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To further enhance the lubrication performance of composite coatings, this study employed an electrospray masking in-situ forming technology to fabricate textured (CF<sub>x</sub>)<sub>n</sub>/CaF<sub>2</sub>/C-ZrO<sub>2</sub>/TiO<sub>2</sub> composite coatings. Their microstructures, mechanical properties, and reciprocating wear behaviors were investigated. Results showed that this technique could directly create high-quality chessboard microtextures during coating fabrication, integrating multiple materials on a single surface. Compared to non-textured LT samples, the CBM samples demonstrated enhanced coating-substrate adhesion strength (132 N, increased by 11 %), low friction coefficient (~0.09, reduced by 18.2 %) and wear rate (~1.86 × 10<sup>−7</sup> mm<sup>3</sup>·N<sup>−1</sup>·mm<sup>−1</sup>, reduced by 42.4 %) at 25 °C, and excellent self-lubricating performance across 200–600 °C. Mechanism analysis revealed that the chessboard structure exhibited a synergistic effect with the coating materials.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":22009,"journal":{"name":"Surface & Coatings Technology","volume":"497 ","pages":"Article 131778"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143143498","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Wioletta Seremak , Marek Jasiorski , Agnieszka Baszczuk , Marcin Winnicki
{"title":"Durability assessment of low-pressure cold-sprayed TiO2 photocatalytic coatings: Photocatalytic and mechanical stability","authors":"Wioletta Seremak , Marek Jasiorski , Agnieszka Baszczuk , Marcin Winnicki","doi":"10.1016/j.surfcoat.2025.131740","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.surfcoat.2025.131740","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The effectiveness of the immobilised photocatalyst depends on several factors. However, considering photocatalyst operation, two of them are crucial: mechanical stability, which is responsible for maintaining the durability of coatings, and photocatalytic stability, which provides long-term reactivity. Only combining both factors enables proper recovery and recycling of the photocatalyst. Accounting for these features enables the longevity of the photocatalyst, which is particularly important when new types of coatings are being developed, e.g., photocatalytic coatings deposited using the low-pressure cold spray (LPCS) method. At the same time, photocatalyst durability, under operational conditions, is often overlooked by researchers. To address this issue, a sol-gel-derived TiO<sub>2</sub> powder is immobilised through the LPCS method to create the photocatalytic coatings, varying in thickness. In order to assess their durability, some of these samples are subjected to a humid atmosphere for 1000 h (100% humidity, 40°C), simulating potential working conditions. The mechanical stability of the TiO<sub>2</sub> coatings is assessed by comparing the cohesion and adhesion of the samples before and after the humidity test. Additionally, the samples are described in terms of thickness, surface roughness, structural stability, and band gap values. The photocatalytic stability is determined through a four-cycle photocatalytic decomposition of the methylene blue dye and by comparing the decomposition efficiency between as-sprayed and chamber-aged samples. Experimental results demonstrate that the TiO<sub>2</sub> coating's degree of crystallinity affects both mechanical and photocatalytic stability. Thicker, more crystalline coatings are more mechanically durable after ageing and are capable of retaining their photocatalytic properties over a multiple-cycle decomposition test.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":22009,"journal":{"name":"Surface & Coatings Technology","volume":"497 ","pages":"Article 131740"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143143636","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Zhihao Chen , Jian Wu , Shixue He , Yefei Zhou , Shouyao Liu , Benlong Su , Youshan Wang
{"title":"Combining nano diamond-like carbon coatings with fillers for enhanced wear resistance of PTFE: Nodal support-lubrication mechanism","authors":"Zhihao Chen , Jian Wu , Shixue He , Yefei Zhou , Shouyao Liu , Benlong Su , Youshan Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.surfcoat.2025.131807","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.surfcoat.2025.131807","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Enhancing the wear resistance of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) sealing elements in aerospace hydraulic systems is essential for the development of high-speed and high-pressure, and a singular modification is inadequate for fulfilling. In order to address this requirement, we investigated a synergistic modification through nano diamond-like coatings (DLC) combined with fillers. We evaluated the effect of the fillers on the structure of the DLC coatings and investigated the wear resistance mechanism. The results show that the synergistic modification further enhances the wear resistance of PTFE composites compared to the filler modification, which is attributed to the altered wear mechanism. The structural and compositional differences between the filler and the DLC coatings affect the coating deposition. Carbon fiber (CF) and DLC coating with similar structural characteristics can form surface nodal structures with interfacial load support and self-lubricating properties. The support-lubrication nodal structures are effective in avoiding the deterioration of tribological performance due to the difference properties of the coating-substrate. Moreover, the number of support-lubrication nodal structures affects the wear resistance effect. In conclusion, this study provides a new idea to enhance the wear resistance of PTFE composites through the synergistic modification of nano DLC coatings and fillers.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":22009,"journal":{"name":"Surface & Coatings Technology","volume":"497 ","pages":"Article 131807"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143143638","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yaqi Yang , Kun Yang , Chunyan He , Changguang Deng , Liuyan Zhang , Shuanjian Li , Xiujuan Fan , Yizhe Lv , Guibin Tan
{"title":"Preparation of ceramic-fluoropolymer coating and assessment of its tribological performance in different environments","authors":"Yaqi Yang , Kun Yang , Chunyan He , Changguang Deng , Liuyan Zhang , Shuanjian Li , Xiujuan Fan , Yizhe Lv , Guibin Tan","doi":"10.1016/j.surfcoat.2025.131759","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.surfcoat.2025.131759","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Because of its excellent tribological properties in multiple environments, the ceramic-fluoride composite coating has always been a research hotspot in the field of tribology. However, its industrial application is restricted by the poor cohesive strength and the cumbersome preparation process. Herein, a ceramic/fluorine-containing polymer composite coating has been prepared by a one-step method using atmospheric plasma spraying technology. The coatings were analyzed using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Additionally, the tribological performance and lubrication mechanisms of the composite coating were investigated. The results indicate that a gradient transition layer exists between Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>–3%TiO<sub>2</sub> and polyfluoroalkoxy, ultimately significantly enhancing the binding force between ceramics and fluorides within the coating. Under the atmospheric and artificial seawater environments, lubricating films containing polyfluoroalkoxy lubricity and oxide ceramic reinforcing phases were formed at the friction interface of the composite coating, thereby enabling the coating to display a low friction coefficient in the two environments. However, the wear resistance observed in a simulated seawater environment is inferior to that in an atmospheric environment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":22009,"journal":{"name":"Surface & Coatings Technology","volume":"497 ","pages":"Article 131759"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143143747","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Xiaolei YE , Jiyun GAO , Shenghui GUO , Ming HOU , Li Yang , Lei GAO , Kaihua CHEN , Yunchuan LI , Pascal BRIOIS
{"title":"Efficient Pr2NiO4@Pr6O11 (PPNO) composite cathode synthesized via reactive magnetron sputtering (RMS) for MS-SOFC applications","authors":"Xiaolei YE , Jiyun GAO , Shenghui GUO , Ming HOU , Li Yang , Lei GAO , Kaihua CHEN , Yunchuan LI , Pascal BRIOIS","doi":"10.1016/j.surfcoat.2025.131735","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.surfcoat.2025.131735","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The development of high-efficiency cathode materials is critical for advancing the large-scale commercialization of metal-supported solid oxide fuel cells (MS-SOFCs). In this study, Pr-Ni-O oxides were deposited using RMS and subsequently annealed at 1000 °C for 30 min to induce the in-situ formation of a Pr₂NiO₄@Pr₆O₁₁ (PPNO) composite cathode. The incorporation of Pr₆O₁₁ mitigates the decomposition of Pr₂NiO₄ (PNO), thereby enhancing its long-term stability. Compared to the parent material PNO, the PPNO composite demonstrated superior electrocatalytic performance. The polarization resistance (Rₚ) of the PPNO cathode was significantly reduced to 0.07 Ω·cm<sup>2</sup>, much lower than the 0.84 Ω·cm<sup>2</sup> observed for PNO at 750 °C. Furthermore, a single cell with the configuration ITM/GDC10/NiO-YSZ/8YSZ/GDC10/PPNO (MS/PPNO) exhibited a remarkable maximum power density (P<sub>max</sub>) of 1010 mW·cm<sup>2</sup> at 750 °C, compared to 326 mW·cm<sup>2</sup> for the corresponding ITM/GDC10/NiO-YSZ/8YSZ/GDC10/(MS/PNO) configuration. These findings provide valuable insights into designing improved cathode layers for MS-SOFC applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":22009,"journal":{"name":"Surface & Coatings Technology","volume":"497 ","pages":"Article 131735"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143143752","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
K. Viskupová , V. Šroba , J. Lu , D. Primetzhofer , B. Wicher , V. Rogoz , T. Roch , M. Truchlý , M. Mikula , I. Petrov , L. Hultman , G. Greczynski
{"title":"W-ion irradiation promotes dense TiBx film growth during magnetron sputtering without substrate heating","authors":"K. Viskupová , V. Šroba , J. Lu , D. Primetzhofer , B. Wicher , V. Rogoz , T. Roch , M. Truchlý , M. Mikula , I. Petrov , L. Hultman , G. Greczynski","doi":"10.1016/j.surfcoat.2025.131766","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.surfcoat.2025.131766","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Lowering energy consumption during thin film growth by magnetron sputtering techniques is essential for future industry as a step towards reaching the United Nations (UN) sustainable development goals. Large potential for energy savings has been shown by employing high-mass metal ion irradiation from targets operated in high-power impulse magnetron sputtering (HiPIMS) mode. With this approach, demonstrated for transition metal (TM) nitrides, thermally-induced adatom mobility is replaced with that supplied by overlapping collisions cascades of low-energy recoils, resulting in a strong reduction of the necessary external heating. Here, the novel method is tested for TiB<sub><em>x</em></sub>, which is a model system for TM-based diborides, another class of promising materials to be used as protective coatings for cutting tools. We show that such films grown with no external substrate heating develop porosity over a wide range of B/Ti ratios. However, (Ti<sub>1-<em>y</em></sub>W<sub><em>y</em></sub>)B<sub><em>x</em></sub> films grown by the hybrid W<sub>2</sub>B<sub>5</sub>-HiPIMS/Ti-TiB<sub>2</sub>-DCMS co-sputtering with substrate bias synchronized to W<sup>+</sup>/W<sup>2+</sup>-rich ion fluxes, are dense (without porosity), irrespective of <em>x</em>. Nanoindentation hardness increases from ∼20 GPa for TiB<sub><em>x</em></sub> to ∼40 GPa for (Ti<sub>1-<em>y</em></sub>W<sub><em>y</em></sub>)B<sub><em>x</em></sub>. The slightly understoichiometric (Ti<sub>0.86</sub>W<sub>0.14</sub>)B<sub>1.91</sub> film exhibits super-hardness and is nearly stress-free. These results prove that selected heavy ion irradiation is beneficial for low-temperature growth of hard diboride films, which demonstrates the versatility of this approach and calls for evaluation in other material systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":22009,"journal":{"name":"Surface & Coatings Technology","volume":"497 ","pages":"Article 131766"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143144191","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jitao Liu , Mario Guagliano , Min Kang , Jinran Lin
{"title":"Corrosion behaviour and mechanism of high-velocity-arc-sprayed Fe-based amorphous coating in 3.5 % NaCl solution","authors":"Jitao Liu , Mario Guagliano , Min Kang , Jinran Lin","doi":"10.1016/j.surfcoat.2025.131877","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.surfcoat.2025.131877","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A novel FeMnCrNiBNb amorphous coating (AC) was synthesised in situ using high-velocity arc spraying. The coating demonstrated significantly improved corrosion resistance during long-term immersion in a 3.5 % NaCl solution. After 35 days of immersion, the coating still maintained a stable passive film with a thickness of 0.83 nm; its optimal performance was reached after 14 days, as indicated by a low corrosion current density (<em>I</em><sub>corr</sub> = 0.31 μA·cm<sup>−2</sup>) and high charge transfer resistance (R<sub>ct</sub> = 9333.4 Ω·cm<sup>2</sup>). This study highlights the critical role of passive film integrity and self-repair mechanisms in enhancing long-term performance: the cyclic regeneration of the passive film provides extended protection against chloride-ion penetration. These findings offer a new perspective on the application of in-situ-synthesised ACs to enhance the durability of mechanical components in harsh marine environments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":22009,"journal":{"name":"Surface & Coatings Technology","volume":"499 ","pages":"Article 131877"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143225059","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jingchuan Li , Shu Wang , Yiman Zhao , Xunwang Shi , Huaizhi Qu , XiangQing Teng , Yumin Zhang , Liangge Xu , Sam Zhang , Jiaqi Zhu
{"title":"Structure and properties of super-hard (MoSiTiVZr)N high-entropy nitride coatings regulated by substrate bias","authors":"Jingchuan Li , Shu Wang , Yiman Zhao , Xunwang Shi , Huaizhi Qu , XiangQing Teng , Yumin Zhang , Liangge Xu , Sam Zhang , Jiaqi Zhu","doi":"10.1016/j.surfcoat.2025.131788","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.surfcoat.2025.131788","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>MoSiTiVZr high-entropy alloy coating is rich in strong nitride forming elements, and its nitride coatings have been proved to have super-high hardness, excellent wear resistance, and corrosion resistance. The energy of sputtered particles shows significant influence on properties of (MoSiTiVZr)N high-entropy nitride coatings. In this work, substrate bias of different power is applied to the sputtering deposition process of (MoSiTiVZr)N high-entropy nitride coatings to obtain deposited ions of different energies. The microstructure, hardness, fracture toughness, adhesive force, friction and corrosion resistance of the coating were investigated. The growth mode of the coating changes from columnar to granular with a raised substrate bias power (P<sub>b</sub>). All coatings exhibit a crystal structure similar to NaCl-type face-centered cubic (FCC). The hardness changes like a parabola with the increase of the P<sub>b</sub>, reaching a super-hard value of 48.4 GPa, which is 2.6 times that of the coating without the bias, while the fracture toughness decreases. The hardness and toughness have a combined effect to the coating adhesive force and wear resistance. The regulation mechanism of substrate bias to hardness, fracture toughness, wear resistance, adhesive force, and corrosion resistance of the coating is discussed in detail. In this study, (MoSiTiVZr)N high-entropy nitride coating synthesized with P<sub>b</sub> of 50 W has the best comprehensive properties and is suitable for use as a protective coating.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":22009,"journal":{"name":"Surface & Coatings Technology","volume":"497 ","pages":"Article 131788"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143142864","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Zhiyi Jin , Dijuan Han , Wei Qian , Tao Zhou , Yunxia Ye , Yinqun Hua
{"title":"Investigation of millisecond laser tuning on the oxidation resistance for NiCoCrAlYSiHf coatings at 1100 °C","authors":"Zhiyi Jin , Dijuan Han , Wei Qian , Tao Zhou , Yunxia Ye , Yinqun Hua","doi":"10.1016/j.surfcoat.2024.131680","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.surfcoat.2024.131680","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>NiCoCrAlYSiHf coatings, fabricated via Arc Ion Plating (AIP), were thermally modified using a millisecond laser to achieve micro- and nano-scale crystal distributions on the surface. The impact of various parameters on surface morphology was studied, and a comparative analysis of early and long-term high-temperature oxidation behavior at 1100 °C was conducted. After 125 h of oxidation, the original coating failed, while the nano-scale coating formed a single-layer oxide and the micron-scale coating formed a double-layer oxide. The oxide growth rates for the nano-scale (2.60 × 10<sup>−5</sup> μm<sup>2</sup>/s) and micro-scale coatings (6.89 × 10<sup>−5</sup> μm<sup>2</sup>/s) were both significantly lower than that of the unmodified coating (2.63 × 10<sup>−4</sup> μm<sup>2</sup>/s), indicating that millisecond laser modification notably enhances the oxidation resistance, with finer grain sizes yielding better results.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":22009,"journal":{"name":"Surface & Coatings Technology","volume":"497 ","pages":"Article 131680"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143143207","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ruilin Liu , Zongtao Zhu , Jingzhen Kuang , Peiyuan Lv , Min Yu , Hui Chen
{"title":"Effect of in situ cold spray/micro-arc oxidation composite coating on the galvanic corrosion of steel/aluminium laser-MIG hybrid fusion-brazed joints","authors":"Ruilin Liu , Zongtao Zhu , Jingzhen Kuang , Peiyuan Lv , Min Yu , Hui Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.surfcoat.2025.131771","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.surfcoat.2025.131771","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To leverage the benefits of steel and aluminium while mitigating the risk of galvanic corrosion and improving corrosion resistance, an in situ cold spray/micro arc oxidation (MAO) composite coating was prepared on the steel/aluminium laser-MIG hybrid fusion-brazed joint. The micro-structural morphology, composition, surface Scanning Kelvin Probe (SKP) potential variation and corrosion resistance of the cold spray/MAO composite coating were investigated via scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, SKP technique and electrochemical testing. Direct MAO treatment produced a much thinner film (~5 μm) than cold spraying followed by MAO treatment on the steel/aluminium welded joint (~ 32.45 μm). The cold spray/MAO-treatment also reduced the SKP potential difference from 1500 mV in the untreated sample to 640 mV in the treated sample. The spectral noise resistance R<sub>sn</sub> of the coating-metal galvanic couple was 4 orders of magnitude higher than that of the 6061–304 galvanic couple. SKP potential and electrochemical noise analyses revealed that introducing an intermediate ceramic transition layer on the surface of steel/aluminium welded joint effectively alleviated its tendency to undergo galvanic corrosion. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and potentiodynamic polarization results demonstrated the excellent corrosion resistance of the cold spray/MAO composite coating, in particular, the I<sub>corr</sub> of the coating (62.68 × 10<sup>−6</sup> A/m<sup>2</sup>) was lower and the E<sub>corr</sub> (−0.33 V) and R<sub>p</sub> (390.9 Ω·m<sup>2</sup>) values were higher than those of the film formed on the weld seam via the direct MAO treatment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":22009,"journal":{"name":"Surface & Coatings Technology","volume":"497 ","pages":"Article 131771"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143143455","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}