steel research international最新文献_第5页

Effect of Calcium Treatment on Inclusions and Tensile Strength of Al-Killed Steels 钙处理对铝渗钢夹杂物和抗拉强度的影响

IF 2.5 3区材料科学

steel research international Pub Date : 2025-03-11 DOI: 10.1002/srin.202401043

Liang Zhu, Guojun Chen, Ying Ren, Lifeng Zhang

{"title":"Effect of Calcium Treatment on Inclusions and Tensile Strength of Al-Killed Steels","authors":"Liang Zhu, Guojun Chen, Ying Ren, Lifeng Zhang","doi":"10.1002/srin.202401043","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/srin.202401043","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000The effect of calcium treatment on inclusions and tensile strength of Al-killed steels is studied through experiments and thermodynamic calculations. The addition of calcium in steel first modifies Al2O3 inclusions to liquid CaO–Al2O3. The excessive calcium addition results in the formation of CaS inclusions. The solidus and liquidus of inclusions in steel first decrease and then increase with the increase of total calcium (T.Ca) content in steel, which reach the minimum value when the T.Ca content in steel is 22 ppm. With the increase of T.Ca content in steel from 0 to 70 ppm, the evolution route of inclusions is Al2O3 → CaMg2Al16O27 → CaAl4O7 → liquid CaO–Al2O3 → CaO–CaS. Contents of Al2O3 and MgO slightly decrease with the lower temperature. The CaO gradually changes to CaS during solidification and cooling processes. The tensile strength of steel samples decreases from 809 to 737 N·mm−2 with the increase of T.Ca content in steel from 13 to 22 ppm. With a higher T.Ca content in steel, the tensile strength of steel samples increases to 774 ppm. The formation of liquid CaO–Al2O3 inclusions in steel lowered the tensile strength of steel, which should be avoided during the calcium treatment process.","PeriodicalId":21929,"journal":{"name":"steel research international","volume":"96 10","pages":"295-301"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145196693","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

150 Years of the Institute for Iron and Steel Technology at TU Bergakademie Freiberg 弗莱堡工业大学钢铁技术研究所成立150周年

IF 1.9 3区材料科学

steel research international Pub Date : 2025-03-09 DOI: 10.1002/srin.202401055

Bernd Lychatz

引用次数: 0

Particulate Scale Computational Fluid Dynamics-Discrete Element Method Modeling on Raceway Evolution Process with Coke Mass Consumption 考虑焦炭质量消耗的颗粒尺度计算流体动力学-离散元法模拟回旋道演化过程

IF 2.5 3区材料科学

steel research international Pub Date : 2025-03-09 DOI: 10.1002/srin.202401061

Hong-Yu Qu, Jun-Nan Li, Peng Xu, Peng Han, Zhi-Jun He, Yong-Wen Fan

{"title":"Particulate Scale Computational Fluid Dynamics-Discrete Element Method Modeling on Raceway Evolution Process with Coke Mass Consumption","authors":"Hong-Yu Qu, Jun-Nan Li, Peng Xu, Peng Han, Zhi-Jun He, Yong-Wen Fan","doi":"10.1002/srin.202401061","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/srin.202401061","url":null,"abstract":"In this article, the coupled computational fluid dynamics-discrete element method is used to numerically simulate the evolution of the blast furnace raceway from particulate scale. This study systematically analyzes the motion characteristics, particle size distribution, and inter-particle contact behavior of coke particles during raceway evolution. The results indicate that airflow within the raceway induces a cyclonic motion of the coke, while a stagnant zone forms at the center of the raceway. As blowing time increases, the proportion of coke particles sized 0.6–1.2 mm grows, particularly for particles around 0.9 mm. Particle stratification is observed at the edges of the raceway, with the highest degree of densification occurring in the “bird's nest” structure facing to the tuyere. After the raceway stabilizes, this region exhibits a void ratio of 0.4. Additionally, the inter-particle contact force in the coke bed decreases from 100 to 10 times the particle gravity, eventually forming force chains in the dead stock region. Meanwhile, particles with low coordination numbers are predominantly located within the cavity and along the edges of the raceway, suggesting a higher degree of fluidization of coke particles at the raceway boundaries. These findings have significant theoretical implication for optimizing blast furnace operations.","PeriodicalId":21929,"journal":{"name":"steel research international","volume":"96 10","pages":"360-369"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145196684","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Modeling of Solubility Product of TiN in Ti-Microalloyed Steels TiN在ti微合金钢中溶解度积的建模

IF 2.5 3区材料科学

steel research international Pub Date : 2025-03-06 DOI: 10.1002/srin.202401075

Jun Wang, Man Liu, Haijiang Hu, Guang Xu

{"title":"Modeling of Solubility Product of TiN in Ti-Microalloyed Steels","authors":"Jun Wang, Man Liu, Haijiang Hu, Guang Xu","doi":"10.1002/srin.202401075","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/srin.202401075","url":null,"abstract":"Most carbonitride solubility products of Ti do not consider the influence of commonly contained alloying elements such as Mn and Si in predicting the dissolution law of carbonitrides in steels, which would cause a deviation between the experimental data and predicted values. To solve this problem, the solubility product models of TiN and TiC in austenite considering the influence of Mn, Mo, Cr, Si, and Al are established in the present study based on the two-sublattice model and relevant thermodynamic data. Different austenitizing temperatures are designed to analyze the precipitation law of the precipitates of a C–Si–Mn–Al–Mo–Ti–N steel. The experimental results show that the complete solution temperature of TiC is consistent with the calculation results of the TiC solubility product model. Due to the similar method establishing the TiC solubility product model, it is reasonably inferred that the predicting accuracy by the TiN solubility product model can be ensured. Additionally, as the austenitizing temperature increases, TiC particles completely dissolve between 1050 and 1100 °C, and then TiN particles begin to ripen when the temperature exceeds 1200 °C.","PeriodicalId":21929,"journal":{"name":"steel research international","volume":"96 10","pages":"310-320"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145196590","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Numerical Simulation of Recrystallization and Phase Transformation Process of 460 MPa Grade Heavy Ship Steel Plate 460 MPa级重型船用钢板再结晶与相变过程的数值模拟

IF 2.5 3区材料科学

steel research international Pub Date : 2025-03-06 DOI: 10.1002/srin.202400921

Ziqi Wang, Ling Yan, Fengshuo Zhang, Jiaru Meng, Hao Yu

{"title":"Numerical Simulation of Recrystallization and Phase Transformation Process of 460 MPa Grade Heavy Ship Steel Plate","authors":"Ziqi Wang, Ling Yan, Fengshuo Zhang, Jiaru Meng, Hao Yu","doi":"10.1002/srin.202400921","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/srin.202400921","url":null,"abstract":"The investigation explores the relationship between deformation, recrystallization, and phase transformation of 460 MPa grade heavy ship steel plate under the thermo mechanical control process. A coupled model integrating the hyperbolic sine Arrhenius equation, Avrami equation, and time-temperature-transformation curve is developed to simulate the 14-pass rolling and cooling process. Key findings reveal that recrystallization does not occur when the reduction reaches 22% and the temperature drops below 1120 °C. This conclusion provides crucial guidance for the regulation of actual production process parameters. In actual operation, producers can accurately control the thinning degree of the rolling stage according to this result, ensure that the temperature conditions meet the requirements, and ensure the stability of product quality. During cooling, a rate of 20–30 °C s−1 to 500 °C followed by air cooling produces a microstructure comprising 58% ferrite and 42% bainite. This optimized microstructure improves the toughness of the steel plate, and provides a practical operation guide for the on-site production of wide and thick steel plates, helping industrial upgrading and development.","PeriodicalId":21929,"journal":{"name":"steel research international","volume":"96 10","pages":"273-284"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145196605","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Directional Corrosion Behavior of Cold-Rolled and Annealed 304L Stainless Steel: Role of Residual Stress and Phase Transformation 冷轧和退火304L不锈钢的定向腐蚀行为：残余应力和相变的作用

IF 2.5 3区材料科学

steel research international Pub Date : 2025-03-06 DOI: 10.1002/srin.202401046

Mokded Bachani, Abdelali Hayoune, Jamal Fajoui, Pierre-Antoine Dubos

{"title":"Directional Corrosion Behavior of Cold-Rolled and Annealed 304L Stainless Steel: Role of Residual Stress and Phase Transformation","authors":"Mokded Bachani, Abdelali Hayoune, Jamal Fajoui, Pierre-Antoine Dubos","doi":"10.1002/srin.202401046","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/srin.202401046","url":null,"abstract":"This study examines the microstructural evolution, phase transformation, and corrosion behavior of 304L stainless steel after 50% cold rolling and annealing within a temperature range of 400–850 °C. X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and cyclic potentiodynamic polarization in 0.6 M NaCl are employed for analysis. Cold rolling induces significant martensitic transformation (≈62% volume fraction) and increases dislocation density by an order of magnitude. Corrosion resistance shows directional dependence, as rolling direction samples exhibit higher corrosion potential (≈−454 mV) and lower corrosion current density (≈17 μA cm−2), leading to a reduced corrosion rate (≈0.17 mmpy), whereas normal to rolling direction samples have a lower potential (≈−720 mV) and higher corrosion current density (≈34 μA cm−2), resulting in an increased corrosion rate (≈0.34 mmpy). Annealing shows a nonlinear effect on corrosion resistance, peaking at 575 °C with the lowest corrosion current density. At higher temperatures, recovery and recrystallization reduce dislocation density and shift residual stress from compressive to tensile, weakening passive film stability. Fine austenitic grains enhance repassivation but decrease corrosion resistance. Findings indicate that corrosion behavior is mainly governed by residual stress, dislocation density, and crystallographic defects rather than strain-induced martensitic transformation alone.","PeriodicalId":21929,"journal":{"name":"steel research international","volume":"96 10","pages":"285-294"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145196606","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effect of Ti Content on the Evolution of Nonmetallic Inclusions and Grain Size in Seismic Rebar HRB400E Ti含量对HRB400E抗震钢筋非金属夹杂物演化及晶粒尺寸的影响

IF 2.5 3区材料科学

steel research international Pub Date : 2025-03-06 DOI: 10.1002/srin.202500010

Yunqie Mao, Yang Li, Zhouhua Jiang, Meng Sun, Shuai Ma, Yanshuo Ma, Yucheng Wang, Tianci Li, Dengyunfei Nie, Rui Yang, Changyong Chen

{"title":"Effect of Ti Content on the Evolution of Nonmetallic Inclusions and Grain Size in Seismic Rebar HRB400E","authors":"Yunqie Mao, Yang Li, Zhouhua Jiang, Meng Sun, Shuai Ma, Yanshuo Ma, Yucheng Wang, Tianci Li, Dengyunfei Nie, Rui Yang, Changyong Chen","doi":"10.1002/srin.202500010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/srin.202500010","url":null,"abstract":"Modification of HRB400E rebar has considered titanium inclusions during smelting to alter the microstructure and improve corrosion resistance, as evaluated using scanning electron microscopy, electron backscatter diffraction, and high-temperature confocal laser scanning microscope analysis. The inclusion composition with Ti addition to Si–Mn-deoxidized steel follows the sequence: SiO2–MnO → TiO2 → SiO2–MnO–TiO2. At higher Ti content in the steel, the inclusions at the completion of refining were smaller in size and more numerous. The grain size of the three groups of experimental steels decreases with increasing Ti content, and the microstructural uniformity of the experimental steel with 0.2% Ti is superior to that of the experimental steel with 0.05% or 0.1% Ti. This response is attributed to the beneficial effect of Ti addition on the dispersion of nonmetallic inclusions, resulting in better dispersion of finer inclusions at a higher Ti content. During refining, the large-size inclusions are removed, and the finely dispersed TiO2 inclusions function as nucleation points, promoting the nucleation of austenite grains. Moreover, the inclusions act as pinning points for the original austenite grain boundaries at elevated temperatures, inhibiting the growth of austenite grains and further refining the grains.","PeriodicalId":21929,"journal":{"name":"steel research international","volume":"96 10","pages":"321-333"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145196607","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effect of Y2O3 on Microstructure and Tribological Properties of Fe-Based Deposited Layers Reinforced by In Situ-Generated NbC Particles Y2O3对原位生成NbC颗粒增强铁基沉积层微观结构和摩擦学性能的影响

IF 2.5 3区材料科学

steel research international Pub Date : 2025-03-05 DOI: 10.1002/srin.202400968

Wenchao Xi, Weijun Liu, Hongyou Bian, Qiang Li, Huiru Wang, Tianbiao Yu

{"title":"Effect of Y2O3 on Microstructure and Tribological Properties of Fe-Based Deposited Layers Reinforced by In Situ-Generated NbC Particles","authors":"Wenchao Xi, Weijun Liu, Hongyou Bian, Qiang Li, Huiru Wang, Tianbiao Yu","doi":"10.1002/srin.202400968","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/srin.202400968","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000For improving the microstructure and tribological properties of the deposited layer, different contents of Y2O3 are added to Fe-based deposited layers reinforced by NbC particles generated in situ, respectively. The main phases of Fe-based deposited layers reinforced by in situ-generated NbC particles with different contents of Y2O3 are revealed by X-ray diffraction, and the microstructure of the deposited layers is characterized by scanning electron microscopy and energy-dispersive spectroscopy. The influence mechanisms of Y2O3 content on the wear form and tribological properties of Fe-based deposited layer reinforced by in situ-generated NbC particles are analyzed, and the wear mechanism of Fe-based deposited layers reinforced by in situ-generated NbC particles with different contents of Y2O3 is revealed. The results show that the addition of Y2O3 promotes the generation of Cr7C3 and inhibits the generation of Cr23C6. With the increase of Y2O3 content, the size and morphology of in situ-generated NbC particles in Fe-based deposited layer change. When the content of Y2O3 is 2 wt%, a large number of fine petal-shaped NbC particles are precipitated, and tribological properties of the deposited layer are excellent. The research results provide theoretical basis and data support for further application of direct energy deposition.","PeriodicalId":21929,"journal":{"name":"steel research international","volume":"96 10","pages":"302-309"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145196568","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Growth Law of Solid-State Decarburization Oxide Layer of Fe–C–Si Alloy Under CO2–CO Atmosphere co - co气氛下Fe-C-Si合金固态脱碳氧化层的生长规律

IF 2.5 3区材料科学

steel research international Pub Date : 2025-03-05 DOI: 10.1002/srin.202400937

Na Qian, Liqun Ai, Lukuo Hong, Caijiao Sun, Meijie Zhou, Shuai Tong, Lingyan Sun, Jiansong Chen

{"title":"Growth Law of Solid-State Decarburization Oxide Layer of Fe–C–Si Alloy Under CO2–CO Atmosphere","authors":"Na Qian, Liqun Ai, Lukuo Hong, Caijiao Sun, Meijie Zhou, Shuai Tong, Lingyan Sun, Jiansong Chen","doi":"10.1002/srin.202400937","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/srin.202400937","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000The experiment is carried out on a 0.5 mm Fe-0.1C-3.5Si silicon steel. Solid-state decarburization tests are carried out under CO2–CO/H2O–H2 atmosphere to analyze the evolution of the oxide layer in the decarburization process under different atmospheric conditions. The results show that the decarburization effect and decarburization rate in CO2–CO atmosphere are significantly better than that in H2O–H2 atmosphere. Under the CO2–CO atmosphere, the gas flow rate is 650 mL min−1, the thickness of the oxide layer increases gradually with the extension of decarburization time. At a gas flow rate of 950 mL min−1, the thickness of the oxide layer in the cross-section becomes thicker and thicker with the increase of decarburization time, but the rate of increase of the thickness slows down. As the decarburization temperature increases, the striped SiO2 oxide band forms between the matrix and the thin oxide layer thickens. The thickness of the oxide layer is about 6.1 μm at the decarburization stagnation, when the banded SiO2 grooves are more uniform and regular. In H2O–H2 atmosphere, irregular strip-shaped silicon dioxide grooves form when decarbonization stops, and the thickness of oxide layer is about 15.9 μm.","PeriodicalId":21929,"journal":{"name":"steel research international","volume":"96 10","pages":"261-272"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145196567","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Achieving Fine-Grained Microstructure in Low-Alloy Steel: A Study on Static Recrystallization Using Experimental and Simulation Approaches 实现低合金钢的细晶组织：用实验和模拟方法研究静态再结晶

IF 2.5 3区材料科学

steel research international Pub Date : 2025-03-02 DOI: 10.1002/srin.202500017

Mahdiyeh Baharvand, Mohammad Habibi Parsa, Hamed Mirzadeh

{"title":"Achieving Fine-Grained Microstructure in Low-Alloy Steel: A Study on Static Recrystallization Using Experimental and Simulation Approaches","authors":"Mahdiyeh Baharvand, Mohammad Habibi Parsa, Hamed Mirzadeh","doi":"10.1002/srin.202500017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/srin.202500017","url":null,"abstract":"Recrystallization kinetics and microstructure evolution of low-alloy steel with the capability to take part in the transformation-induced plasticity phenomenon are investigated through experimentations and cellular automata (CA) simulations. The study primarily focuses on static recrystallization mechanisms, employing scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction for microstructural and phase analysis, alongside Vickers hardness and tensile testing for mechanical characterization. The results indicate that subjecting the steel to annealing at a temperature of 570 °C for a duration corresponding to complete recrystallization leads to a refined microstructure and a good balance of strength and ductility. This duration is determined through detailed microstructural observations and recrystallization kinetics analysis, ensuring that the steel achieves desired mechanical properties. To find out more about the ferrite recrystallization during annealing at 570 °C, a two-dimensional CA model is created, and the outcomes of simulations are compared with experimental results in terms of recrystallized grain size and recrystallization kinetics. A satisfactory agreement is observed between the experimental results and predictions made using the CA model, confirming the applicability of the presented approach for controlling the microstructure and mechanical properties of advanced high-strength steels.","PeriodicalId":21929,"journal":{"name":"steel research international","volume":"96 10","pages":"235-248"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145196344","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0