Sleep Science最新文献

{"title":"Altitude-Associated Central Apnea in Continuous Positive Airway Pressure Therapy.","authors":"Gustavo Adolfo Gaitan Quintero, Leidy Paola Prada Romero, Ana María González, María Angélica Bazurto-Zapata","doi":"10.1055/s-0044-1795145","DOIUrl":"10.1055/s-0044-1795145","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Introduction</b>  At high altitudes, hypobaric hypoxia leads to central apneas in both healthy adults and patients with obstructive sleep apnea. This condition correlates with intermittent desaturation and disruption of sleep. <b>Materials and Methods</b>  The clinical case of a patient evaluated during a sleep medicine outpatient consultation at the Fundación Neumológica Colombiana (Bogotá, Colombia, 2,600 masl) is reported. <b>Case Study</b>  We present a 64-year-old male patient living in a high-altitude city, who was an aircrew member and was on continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) therapy for severe obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). The patient had symptoms and central apneas only when he slept at high altitudes. Other causes of central apnea were ruled out, and these events were corrected with the administration of supplemental oxygen. Altitude-associated central apnea is a common disorder that can occur at altitudes higher than 1,600 m above sea level. Currently, the first-line treatments are acetazolamide and oxygen supplementation. <b>Conclusions</b>  Changes in altitude should be considered in patients with OSA in PAP therapy, as it can occur in many occupations and in recreational travels.</p>","PeriodicalId":21848,"journal":{"name":"Sleep Science","volume":"18 2","pages":"e241-e244"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12263201/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144650521","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Systematic Review of Craniofacial Phenotyping in Pediatric Obstructive Sleep Apnea: An Approach to Standardization of Methods.","authors":"Izzati Nabilah Ismail, Nor Diyana Ismail","doi":"10.1055/s-0045-1802650","DOIUrl":"10.1055/s-0045-1802650","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Craniofacial phenotyping methods are pivotal in understanding and diagnosing pediatric obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). However, the lack of standardized methods often leads to inconsistencies, hindering the reliability and validity of quantitative analyses in this field. This systematic review aims to evaluate existing craniofacial phenotyping methodologies and their key parameters to propose standardization measures to enhance the reliability and validity of future quantitative analyses on this topic. A comprehensive search of electronic databases was conducted following PRISMA guidelines, resulting in the inclusion of 13 studies. Data extraction focused on the types of phenotyping methods and the parameters or measurements used. Our findings revealed a variation in the phenotyping techniques and a wide array of parameters used across studies, highlighting the need for standardization. The authors proposed a framework of parameters for future evaluation of craniofacial morphologies of pediatric OSA. By standardizing the assessment of these craniofacial morphologies, future research efforts can ensure consistency, facilitating more reliable and valid quantitative analyses in this critical area of study.</p>","PeriodicalId":21848,"journal":{"name":"Sleep Science","volume":"18 2","pages":"e223-e235"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12263214/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144650595","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Circadian Phase Assessment of Core Body Temperature Using a Wearable Temperature Sensor Under the Real World.","authors":"Naoko Kubota, Kazufumi Okada, Yujiro Yamanaka","doi":"10.1055/s-0044-1800785","DOIUrl":"10.1055/s-0044-1800785","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To evaluate whether a patch-type wearable temperature sensor (CALERA Research) could determine the circadian phase of core body temperature (CBT) in a manner like a rectal probe.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>Sixteen participants (27 ± 11 years, 8 males and 8 females) wore an actigraph and CALERA Research sensor on the chest region for 3-5 days in a real-world setting. Simultaneous rectal temperature measurements were performed during the nocturnal sleep period. The midpoints of the nocturnal decrease in CBT (CBT _trough ) were used as the circadian phase marker. We analyzed 60 pairs of CBT _trough . The reliability and agreement of the CBT _trough from the two devices were analyzed using the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and the concordance correlation coefficient (CCC). The Bland-Altman analysis was used to quantify the limit of agreement of CBT _trough between the devices.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The ICC of 0.96 (95%CI: 0.93-0.98) and CCC of 0.96 (95%CI: 0.93-0.97) values indicated excellent reliability and substantial agreement, respectively. The mean bias was 0.16 hours (95%LoA: -0.76-1.07 hours). The mean CBT _trough comparison was 5.9 ± 1.6 hours in the CALERA Research sensor and 5.8 ± 1.7 hours in the rectal probe.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The difference in the CBT _trough between the two devices was about ± 1.0 hour which would be an acceptable range for determining the CBT _trough . We suggest that the CALERA Research sensor could be a useful tool for reasonably estimating the circadian phase of CBT _trough and providing a surrogate for a rectal probe.</p>","PeriodicalId":21848,"journal":{"name":"Sleep Science","volume":"18 3","pages":"e246-e252"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12440587/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145081562","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"2024 Standardization of Polysomnography Reports - A Consensus of the Brazilian Sleep Association.","authors":"Luciana de Oliveira Palombini, Luciane Impellizieri Luna de Mello, Rogério Santos-Silva, Márcia Assis, Thays Crosara Abrahão Cunha, Luciano Ferreira Drager, Edilson Zancanella, Rosana Cardoso Alves, Andrea Bacelar, Mauricio da Cunha Bagnato, Rafael de Andrade Balsalobre, Esther Mandelbaum Gonçalves Bianchini, Evelyn Lucien Brasil, Fernando Morgadinho Santos Coelho, Bruno Bernardo Duarte, Alan Luiz Eckeli, Cibele Dal Fabbro, Aline Marques Franco, Pedro Rodrigues Genta, Lilian Chrystiane Giannasi, Mário André Leocadio Miguel, Gustavo Antonio Moreira, Maria Fernanda Naufel, Luciana Moraes Studart Pereira, Dalva Poyares, Marcia Pradella-Hallinan, Carolina Ferraz de Paula Soares, Leticia Azevedo Soster, Marcio Andrei Zanini, Gabriel Natan Pires","doi":"10.1055/s-0044-1800886","DOIUrl":"10.1055/s-0044-1800886","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Introduction</b>  The absence of standardized reporting for sleep medicine exams across different laboratories can lead to misinterpretation, diagnostic inconsistencies, and suboptimal treatment strategies. This document seeks to establish guidelines for the development of sleep study reports, covering recordings from studies of types 1 to 4, and represents the official position of Associação Brasileira do Sono (ABS; Brazilian Sleep Association) on the standardization of polysomnography (PSG) and cardiorespiratory polygraphies. <b>Materials and Methods</b>  The recommendations for the items to be reported in PSG records were developed by means of a Delphi study, comprised of two voting rounds. In each round, participants had to vote regarding the appropriateness of items to be reported in type-1 to -4 sleep studies, rating them as <i>recommended</i> , <i>optional</i> , or <i>not recommended</i> . The consensus threshold was set at 66% in each voting round, or 75% for the combined responses of <i>recommended</i> and <i>optional</i> . <b>Results</b>  The panel was comprised of 29 experts. After 2 voting rounds and subsequent deliberations by the steering committee, 352 items were included in the final set of recommendations. Consensus was achieved for 339 items (96.3%), of which 145 (41.2%) were classified as <i>recommended</i> , 154 as <i>optional</i> (43.8%), 35 as <i>not recommended</i> (9.9%), and 5 as <i>not allowed</i> (1.4%). No consensus was reached for 13 items (3.7%). The items recommended in this consensus are detailed in the main text. <b>Conclusion</b>  These guidelines provide comprehensive recommendations for reporting diagnostic tests in sleep medicine.</p>","PeriodicalId":21848,"journal":{"name":"Sleep Science","volume":"17 4","pages":"e429-e450"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11651857/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142855326","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"2024 Position Statement on the Use of Different Diagnostic Methods for Sleep Disorders in Adults - Brazilian Sleep Association.","authors":"Luciana de Oliveira Palombini, Márcia Assis, Luciano Ferreira Drager, Luciane Impelliziere Luna de Mello, Gabriel Natan Pires, Edilson Zancanella, Rogério Santos-Silva","doi":"10.1055/s-0044-1800887","DOIUrl":"10.1055/s-0044-1800887","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Introduction</b>  The current document represents the official position of Associação Brasileira do Sono (ABS; Brazilian Sleep Association) on the application of different sleep studies and provides specific recommendations for the use of different types of polysomnography (PSG) and respiratory polygraphy. <b>Materials and Methods</b>  The present document was based on existing guidelines. The steering committee discussed its findings and developed recommendations and contraindications, which were refined in discussions with the advisory committee. Adaptations were made based on professional experience, pathophysiological knowledge, and theoretical reasoning, especially to cover topics not discussed in previous guidelines or to adapt recommendations to the context and current practices in Brazil. <b>Results</b>  A total of 55 recommendations were made, covering the following domains: professional requirements for the requisition and interpretation of sleep studies ( <i>n</i>  = 7); eligibility for different sleep studies ( <i>n</i>  = 9); diagnosis of sleep-disordered breathing (SDB; <i>n</i>  = 5); diagnosis of SDB in special conditions ( <i>n</i>  = 3); diagnosis of SDB in association with other sleep disorders and comorbidities ( <i>n</i>  = 3); sleep studies on the follow-up of patients with SDB ( <i>n</i>  = 9); sleep studies for positive air pressure titration ( <i>n</i>  = 3); diagnosis of other sleep disorders ( <i>n</i>  = 10); and sleep studies on other conditions ( <i>n</i>  = 6). <b>Conclusion</b>  The selection of the type of sleep study should be made carefully, considering resource constraints, clinical suspicion of moderate or severe obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), and individual patient needs, among other factors. It is crucial that health professionals receive appropriate training and board certification in sleep science, thus being able to determine the most suitable diagnostic method, understand their indications and limitations, and assure an accurate diagnosis for each patient.</p>","PeriodicalId":21848,"journal":{"name":"Sleep Science","volume":"17 4","pages":"e476-e492"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11651843/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142855321","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of Evening Eating with Sleep Quality and Insomnia among Adults in a Brazilian National Survey.","authors":"Maria Eduarda Bezerra Nunes, Caio Henrique Barros Dos Santos, Márcia de Oliveira Lima, Anny Kariny Pereira Pedrosa, Risia Cristina Egito de Menezes, Giovana Longo-Silva","doi":"10.1055/s-0044-1800807","DOIUrl":"10.1055/s-0044-1800807","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objective</b>  To examine the association of evening eating clock time, its elapsed time to the midpoint of sleep (TEM), consumption of caffeine and sugary foods, and reporting dinner as the largest meal with sleep quality indicators and insomnia. <b>Methods</b>  Participants ( <i>n</i>  = 2,050;18-65y) were part of population-based research, with virtual data collection. Logistic regression models were fitted to assess differences in the ORs(95%CI) of sleep duration < 7 hours, sleep latency > 30 minutes, poor sleep quality, and insomnia (outcomes) with the evening diet-related variables. Linear regression analyses evaluated differences in sleep duration and latency associated with the same variables. Restricted cubic splines were used to study the shape of the association of eating event clock time and TEM with sleep duration and latency. <b>Results</b>  Each additional hour of evening eating clock time and of the TEM, respectively increased and decreased, the odds of sleep duration < 7/h [OR(95%CI):1.30(1.20,1.40); OR(95%CI):0.51(0.47,0.56)], sleep latency > 30min [OR(95%CI):1.14(1.07,1.22); 0.88(0.83,0.94)], poor sleep quality [OR(95%CI):1.21(1.13,1.30); 0.80(0.76,0.85)] and insomnia [OR(95%CI):1.12(1.04,1.20); 0.89(0.84,0.95)]. We found a dose-response association between evening eating (clock time and TEM) and sleep duration. The shortest latency was seen when evening eating was ∼20:00 and ∼7-8 hours before the midpoint of sleep. Participants who reported dinner as the largest meal and consumed caffeine and sugary foods/beverages after 18:00 presented higher odds of sleep duration < 7 hours, poor quality, and insomnia. <b>Conclusions</b>  Our findings indicate that an early-eating schedule has beneficial sleep effects and that it will be necessary to consider evening eating patterns and timing, along with the existing sleep and circadian hygiene, to improve sleep quality and circadian health.</p>","PeriodicalId":21848,"journal":{"name":"Sleep Science","volume":"17 4","pages":"e381-e391"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11651824/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142855341","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Snoring and its Associated Comorbidities.","authors":"Fatima Ezzahra Kasmaoui, Abdelhafid Benksim, El Mahjoub El Harsi, Mohamed Amine","doi":"10.1055/s-0044-1791978","DOIUrl":"10.1055/s-0044-1791978","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objective</b>  Snoring is often perceived as a simple social nuisance, whereas it can be a telltale sign of serious respiratory diseases. The present study aimed to determine the prevalence of self-reported habitual snoring and to identify its associated factors. <b>Materials and Methods</b>  This cross-sectional study surveyed 815 individuals about their medical history, anthropometric characteristics, and lifestyle using a questionnaire. <b>Results</b>  The prevalence of self-reported habitual snoring in our sample was 29.2%. Variables independently associated with snoring were advanced age ( <i>p</i>  = 0.008), asthma ( <i>p</i>  = 0.003), sleepiness ( <i>p</i>  < 0.001), hyperthyroidism ( <i>p</i>  = 0.006), smoking ( <i>p</i>  < 0.001), diabetes ( <i>p</i>  = 0.010), and abdominal obesity ( <i>p</i>  = 0.007). <b>Conclusion</b>  This survey has highlighted the importance of snoring in an Arab-African context, to bring more awareness to this respiratory disorder and to understand that a simple snore can be a silent cry of an organism in need of help.</p>","PeriodicalId":21848,"journal":{"name":"Sleep Science","volume":"18 2","pages":"e175-e181"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12263202/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144650594","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quality of Sleep Profiles and Mental Health Issues among University Students.","authors":"Zayra Antúnez, Rodrigo C Vergara, Sebastián Rosa, Javiera Zapata, Wilson Espinoza, Natacha Ortiz, Loreto Parra, Jorge Santander, Tomas Baader","doi":"10.1055/s-0044-1791239","DOIUrl":"10.1055/s-0044-1791239","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objective</b>  To detect and characterize sleep quality profiles and to analyze their relationship with depression, anxiety, and stress in a sample of 1,861 Chilean students. <b>Materials and Methods</b>  After providing informed consent, the students filled out online questionnaires and received immediate feedback. Hierarchical cluster analyses were conducted to detect sleep quality profiles, which were characterized using the Kruskal-Wallis's test. The Pearson correlation coefficient was used to correlate sleep quality profiles with mental health variables. The dendrogram revealed four distinct groups of interest, each with different patterns in the subscales of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). <b>Results</b>  The results enabled us to establish four sleep quality profiles based on hierarchical cluster analysis, which were, in different ways, associated with the prevalence of symptoms of mental health issues. A profile of good sleeper was found, which presents good overall sleep quality and mild symptoms of mental health issues. The effective sleeper profile presents poor subjective sleep quality and good sleep efficiency, with mild symptoms of mental health issues. The poor sleeper profile presents poor overall sleep quality, sleeping between 5 and 6 hours and presenting moderate symptoms of depression, anxiety, and stress. The sleeper with hypnotic use profile obtains the most deficient results in sleep quality and presents symptoms of severe mental health issues. <b>Conclusions</b>  The present study revealed a strong association and correlation between sleep quality profiles and mental health issues. Four distinct sleep quality profiles were identified, showing notable differences. This understanding enables the application of targeted preventive strategies according to each profile.</p>","PeriodicalId":21848,"journal":{"name":"Sleep Science","volume":"18 2","pages":"e165-e174"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12263211/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144650592","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sleep Quality in Parkinson Disease: Clinical Insights and PSQI Reliability Assessment.","authors":"Julia Valle Pezzini, Dante Diniz Trevisan, Victor Henrique Dominiak Soares, Luís Eduardo Gauer, Marcelo M S Lima","doi":"10.1055/s-0044-1791235","DOIUrl":"10.1055/s-0044-1791235","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Sleep disturbances are prevalent in Parkinson disease (PD), encompassing a spectrum from parasomnias like REM sleep behavior disorder to symptoms of sleep-wake cycle dysregulation, such as insomnia and daytime sleepiness. This research investigates sleep quality in PD patients compared with a matched healthy control group and explores the relationships between PD clinical characteristics and sleep parameters. Additionally, the study assesses the reliability of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) for PD patients by examining internal consistency. The study comprises 52 participants, 27 in the PD group and 25 in the healthy control group, matched for sex and age. Sleep quality revealed that PD patients experienced significantly poorer sleep quality than the control group ( <i>p</i>  = 0.009). Weak correlations were found between PSQI scores and the modified Hoehn and Yahr scale ( <i>p</i>  = 0.062), with no correlation observed with the daily equivalent dose of levodopa (L-DOPA). The prevalence of poor sleep quality (PSQI score > 5) was 85.1% for PD patients and 68% for the control group. The internal consistency analysis of the PSQI yielded a Cronbach's α of 0.588 for the PD group. While the PSQI demonstrates utility in detecting general sleep abnormalities and gauging patient perceptions of sleep quality in PD, its limitation as a global score is emphasized. The index prioritizes sleep habits and may not fully capture important sleep disorders in this population. These findings underscore the complex relationship between PD and sleep quality, suggesting the need for a comprehensive approach to assess and address sleep disturbances in PD patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":21848,"journal":{"name":"Sleep Science","volume":"18 2","pages":"e147-e154"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12263200/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144650593","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Medical Professionals and Pharmacological Intervention for the Treatment of Insomnia: A Cross-Sectional Study.","authors":"Antonios Liaskopoulos, Vasileios Kakouris, Nikolaos Liaskopoulos, Andreas S Lappas, Nikolaos Christodoulou, Myrto Samara","doi":"10.1055/s-0044-1791238","DOIUrl":"10.1055/s-0044-1791238","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objective</b>  To explore the preferences of medical practitioners concerning various medications and other remedies to manage insomnia, and to ascertain whether these preferences are associated with their respective medical specialties. <b>Materials and Methods</b>  Employing the snowball sampling technique, we administered two versions of a questionnaire to an international group of medical professionals, including trainees and specialists from diverse medical backgrounds. <b>Results</b>  Zopiclone, zolpidem, and mirtazapine were evaluated as the most effective treatments for insomnia, while physicians would typically avoid using other tricyclic antidepressants, dual orexin receptor antagonists, and tryptophan for insomnia treatment. Noteworthy statistical correlations between physicians' specialty and preferred drug therapy, were observed in three out of five cases: 1) first-line drug treatment for short-term intervention against insomnia; (2) second-line treatment for long-term intervention; and 3) cases involving the elderly. <b>Discussion</b>  Psychiatrists demonstrated a greater preference for antipsychotics and antidepressants for the treatment of insomnia compared with other physicians. Conversely, other medical professionals exhibited a preference for benzodiazepines and Z-drugs (zopiclone and zolpidem). Although Z-drugs were evaluated as the most effective in the treatment of insomnia, in the clinical practice, physicians administer or would administer antidepressant or antipsychotic drugs more often (mirtazapine and quetiapine respectively). Regarding Dual Orexin Receptor Antagonists (DORAs), the high prevalence of \"Do not know/No opinion\" answers implies that our sample was not familiar with this innovative treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":21848,"journal":{"name":"Sleep Science","volume":"18 2","pages":"e155-e164"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12263209/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144650588","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}