Gabriel F Batzli, Sarah S Kleb, Stephenie H Droll, Brett A Shook
{"title":"Decoding cutaneous injury-induced inflammation through single-cell RNA sequencing.","authors":"Gabriel F Batzli, Sarah S Kleb, Stephenie H Droll, Brett A Shook","doi":"10.1016/j.semcdb.2026.103703","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.semcdb.2026.103703","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Tissue repair requires rapid transitions in cellular states and robust cellular communication between tissue-resident cells and infiltrating immune cells. After injury, the amplitude and temporal regulation of inflammation must be efficiently coordinated to support subsequent tissue repair. Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) technologies and computational data analysis approaches have generated predictions about cellular states and communication that control inflammation, thereby promoting wound healing. Using skin as a clinically relevant model, we discuss how scRNA-seq has advanced our understanding of mechanisms that regulate inflammation after injury. In this review, we provide a detailed description of validated markers used to identify distinct cellular populations in murine and human skin and discuss how scRNA-seq has deepened our understanding of mechanisms regulating inflammation during acute wound healing. We further describe insights gained from scRNA-seq data generated under pathological conditions associated with dysfunctional inflammation and delayed wound healing, such as diabetes and aging. Future validation of these computational predictions and overcoming limitations associated with single-cell transcriptomics will provide greater clinical relevance for this technology that has increased the depth and rate of scientific discovery.</p>","PeriodicalId":21735,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in cell & developmental biology","volume":"185-187 ","pages":"103703"},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2026-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149224773","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Squamous epithelial morphogenesis and mechanobiology across the lifetime of dynamic barrier tissues","authors":"Kristen A. Panfilio, Juan Manuel Gomez","doi":"10.1016/j.semcdb.2026.103687","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.semcdb.2026.103687","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Barrier epithelia perform crucial protective and regulatory roles, with their development occurring in careful coordination with the tissues that they enclose. Many barrier epithelia are transient tissues with precise mechanisms of morphogenesis on spatial scales spanning over an order of magnitude, encompassing both early transitions to a squamous shape and wholesale remodeling at the end of the tissue's lifetime. Here, we compare exemplar tissues from <em>Drosophila</em>, <em>Tribolium</em>, and other insects: the extraembryonic, larval epidermal, peripodial, and follicular epithelia. We consider the extent to which these tissues share key structural features – such as a switch to the endocycle, secretion of an apical extracellular matrix, and apoptosis – and their implications for morphogenesis and physical interactions with other tissues. We also explore the process of becoming squamous from diverse precursor cell states, with the goal of identifying mechanistic commonalities. We emphasize the role of vesicle trafficking and cell adhesion remodeling at the cell-autonomous level, and we discuss the putative instructive role of mechanical forces as non-tissue-autonomous inputs in squamous shape acquisition. Further, we evaluate the time-evolution of cell deformability during squamous morphogenesis, measured with Brillouin microscopy, an emerging optical tool that maps material properties (<em>e.g.</em>, stiffness) of cells and tissues of intact organisms in 4D. Finally, we examine the extent to which epithelial cell shape can be reversible during end-stage morphogenesis. Our comparative approach highlights general principles and open questions on the emergent properties of transient, squamous epithelia.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21735,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in cell & developmental biology","volume":"185 ","pages":"Article 103687"},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149115006","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Adult neural stem cell pools in homeostasis and pathogenesis","authors":"Si Li, Xiang Shi, Xue-Lian Sun, Qing-Feng Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.semcdb.2026.103685","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.semcdb.2026.103685","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Adult neural stem cells (NSCs) persist throughout life in discrete neurogenic niches of the mammalian brain, most prominently the subventricular zone (SVZ), the subgranular zone (SGZ) of the hippocampal dentate gyrus, and the hypothalamic ventricular zone (HVZ). These niches harbor regionally specialized NSC populations that support neural plasticity, cognitive and emotional regulation, and, in the hypothalamus, systemic metabolic and neuroendocrine homeostasis. While adult neurogenesis in the SGZ and SVZ has been extensively characterized, the HVZ has emerged as a functional adult NSC niche linking stem cell regulation to whole-body physiology. Here, we review recent advances across the SGZ, SVZ, and HVZ to define shared organizational principles and region-specific regulatory mechanisms governing adult NSC identity, homeostasis, and lineage output. We also highlight how intrinsic transcriptional programs, metabolic states, and niche-derived signals shape NSC behavior in each region, and how aging, inflammation, and metabolic stress differentially disrupt these processes. By integrating insights from both classical and hypothalamic neurogenic niches, this review provides a unified framework for understanding adult NSC diversity and disease susceptibility, and discusses strategies to modulate endogenous stem cell niches to preserve homeostasis and minimize disease risk.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21735,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in cell & developmental biology","volume":"183 ","pages":"Article 103685"},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148536696","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Epithelial cell plasticity in metazoans: Evolutionary insights into roles and mechanisms","authors":"Hiroki Nagai , Yu-ichiro Nakajima","doi":"10.1016/j.semcdb.2026.103670","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.semcdb.2026.103670","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Epithelial tissues function as multicellular communities that preserve tissue integrity while adapting to diverse environmental stresses by altering cell behaviors. A striking manifestation of such adaptability is cell plasticity, the ability of differentiated cells to revert to stem-like states or adopt alternative fates. Once considered rare and confined to highly regenerative species, cell plasticity is now recognized across the metazoan tree. In early-branching animals such as sponges and cnidarians, transdifferentiation and dedifferentiation are integral to life-cycle transitions and regeneration, whereas in more complex organisms, these processes typically emerge under stress, including stem cell loss or environmental perturbations. Here, we examine epithelial cell plasticity through evolutionary, cellular, and molecular perspectives. Focusing on the intestinal epithelium, we explore findings from mammalian and <em>Drosophila</em> models showing that progenitors and even terminally differentiated cells can dedifferentiate in response to external stimuli that disrupt homeostasis, such as pathogen infection and nutrient fluctuations. We further discuss conserved mechanisms involving intercellular signaling (e.g., Notch, EGFR, and JAK-STAT) and chromatin states primed for reprogramming, modulated by metabolic cues. Together, these insights position cell plasticity as an ancient environmental adaptation strategy, shaped by conserved molecular toolkits and refined by species- and cell lineage-specific innovations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21735,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in cell & developmental biology","volume":"179 ","pages":"Article 103670"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147356337","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Onkar Mulay , Aitor Benedicto , Yui Murata , Monica Suet Ying Ng , Jazmina L. Gonzalez Cruz , Quan Nguyen
{"title":"Intra- and inter-organ communications in aging and cancer: Local and global spatial perspectives","authors":"Onkar Mulay , Aitor Benedicto , Yui Murata , Monica Suet Ying Ng , Jazmina L. Gonzalez Cruz , Quan Nguyen","doi":"10.1016/j.semcdb.2026.103672","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.semcdb.2026.103672","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Interactions among neighbouring cells are fundamental to tissue function and can be specifically mapped using single-cell and spatial transcriptomics data. Overall, cell-cell interactions (CCIs) are essential for proper tissue function, including cell development, maintenance of tissue homeostasis, and immune responses during disease. Cells also communicate between organs by releasing signalling molecules into the circulatory system. We examined aging and cancer progression, the two important biological processes where alterations in CCIs remodel the tissue microenvironments that drive cellular and tissue dysfunction. Identifying these dysregulated interactions can uncover potential therapeutic strategies to prevent or treat disease by targeting specific ligand-receptor interactions. Interestingly, in aging and cancer metastasis, ligands originating from one organ can influence the aging processes of distant organs, while local interactions within the tumour microenvironment are critical for not only cancer dynamics at the primary site but also for driving its progression to secondary organs. This review highlights key ligand-receptor interactions in aging and cancer metastasis and examines intra- and inter-organ communication inference tools in this emerging field.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21735,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in cell & developmental biology","volume":"179 ","pages":"Article 103672"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147373134","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Morphogenetic evolution with physical influences","authors":"Tzu-Yi Huang , Steffen Lemke , Yu-Chiun Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.semcdb.2026.103671","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.semcdb.2026.103671","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Morphogenesis is the process in which cells, tissues, organs and embryos acquire orderedness, patterns, shapes and higher order organizations. Most morphogenetic processes are known to be controlled by genetic programs, and experimental and theoretical studies have indeed provided strong support that evolutionary changes of morphogenetic mechanisms can largely be attributed to genetic modifications. Studies in the last decades had begun to reveal the contribution of physical mechanisms in a growing number of morphogenetic contexts, wherein they act in parallel with, and at times independent of, genes, leading to stochastic and self-organized behaviors. The involvement of physical mechanisms raises intriguing questions as to how they might influence the evolutionary dynamics of morphogenesis, and whether there might be themes and patterns that have not been previously conceptualized. In this review, we examine an ensemble of physical factors and mechanical processes shown recently in empirical and theoretical studies to be critical contributors of morphogenetic mechanisms. We ask whether some of these might have arisen prior to, and possibly shaped, the emergence of genetic programs. We consider conceptual frameworks that could support these hypothetical scenarios, and further propose a ‘leap-and-patch’ model, whereby morphogenetic systems exhibit a phase transition-like shift to a distinct phenotypic regime in response to changes in physical parameters (‘leaps’), thereby facilitating genetic accommodation or evolutionary innovation of novel morphogenetic mechanisms (‘patches’). Our discussion suggests the possibility that physical factors might be more than a contributor of morphogenesis, but a facilitator of evolutionary transition or innovation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21735,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in cell & developmental biology","volume":"179 ","pages":"Article 103671"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147388150","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Machines all the way up and cognition all the way down: Updating the machine metaphor in biology","authors":"Michael Levin , Richard Watson","doi":"10.1016/j.semcdb.2026.103668","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.semcdb.2026.103668","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Cell and developmental biology (CDB) offer numerous remarkable examples of collective adaptive plasticity, as cells coordinate to implement large-scale form and function. Despite the gaps in understanding, it is often assumed that the machine metaphor (dominating molecular and cell biology) will explain all of the adaptive complexity involved, from molecules up. In the case of goal-driven intentional agents, however, living tissues have cognitive properties that seem different from machines. So what is the relationship between cognition and CDB, and can the machine metaphor accommodate it? The relationship between ‘ordinary’ machine-like matter and minded agents is often treated naively, as if: a) a complexity threshold exists above which memory, learning, problem solving and intelligence are possible, but below which there is no such thing, b) this putative threshold lies far outside the remit of day-to-day CDB, and c) the identification of mechanisms (e.g. cell signalling, morphogens and pathways) confirms the absence of cognition, as if mechanism and ‘real cognition’ were mutually exclusive. In this paper, we argue that, in fact, CDB is the only discipline that can possibly naturalise the cognition of biological matter avoiding such exceptionalist and dualist positions, and that doing so requires a multiscale approach that also offers interdisciplinary insight in the other direction. Specifically, characterizing a continuum of cognitive competencies (without a naïve threshold) and identifying its mechanisms (without explaining it away) illuminates the gaps in our understanding of CDB’s extraordinary collective adaptive plasticity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21735,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in cell & developmental biology","volume":"177 ","pages":"Article 103668"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147284289","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sanjay Sunil Kumar , Katharina Uphoff , Sophie Hötte , Verena Prokosch , Stefan Schulte-Merker , Dörte Schulte-Ostermann
{"title":"A cellular and molecular perspective on organotypic lymphatic (dys)function","authors":"Sanjay Sunil Kumar , Katharina Uphoff , Sophie Hötte , Verena Prokosch , Stefan Schulte-Merker , Dörte Schulte-Ostermann","doi":"10.1016/j.semcdb.2025.103665","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.semcdb.2025.103665","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The lymphatic vascular system maintains fluid homeostasis, allows uptake of dietary lipids, and serves as a conduit for immune cell trafficking. Functional aspects of the lymphatic vasculature are governed by specific features of lymphatic endothelial cells that line these vessels. Dysfunction of lymphatic endothelial cells can result in various consequences at the organ and at the systemic level including lymphedema formation. In this review, we explore the underlying molecular mechanisms and signaling cascades that drive lymphatic development and vessel formation. We discuss human genetic disorders that lead to primary lymphedema and corresponding <em>in vivo</em> disease models that have helped to expand our molecular understanding pertaining to the signaling cascades governing lymphatic vessel development and maturation, in particular the VEGFC/VEGFR3 and ANG/TIE signaling axes. Furthermore, we highlight recent advancements regarding the anatomy and function of meningeal lymphatics and the Schlemm's canal in the context of development and disease.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21735,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in cell & developmental biology","volume":"176 ","pages":"Article 103665"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145753861","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Editorial for special issue: Environmental control of oogenesis and ovulatory dynamics","authors":"Chii Jou Chan","doi":"10.1016/j.semcdb.2025.103659","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.semcdb.2025.103659","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21735,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in cell & developmental biology","volume":"175 ","pages":"Article 103659"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145258999","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}