Seminars in Ophthalmology最新文献

{"title":"Methanol Induced Optic Neuropathy: Molecular Mysteries, Public Health Perspective, Clinical Insights and Treatment Strategies.","authors":"Navid Sobhi, Mirsaeed Abdollahi, Ali Arman, Ata Mahmoodpoor, Ali Jafarizadeh","doi":"10.1080/08820538.2024.2358310","DOIUrl":"10.1080/08820538.2024.2358310","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Methanol-induced optic neuropathy (MION) represents a critical public health issue, particularly prevalent in lower socioeconomic populations and regions with restricted alcohol access. MION, characterized by irreversible visual impairment, arises from the toxic metabolization of methanol into formaldehyde and formic acid, leading to mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation inhibition, oxidative stress, and subsequent neurotoxicity. The pathogenesis involves axonal and glial cell degeneration within the optic nerve and potential retinal damage. Despite advancements in therapeutic interventions, a significant proportion of affected individuals endure persistent visual sequelae. The study comprehensively investigates the pathophysiology of MION, encompassing the absorption and metabolism of methanol, subsequent systemic effects, and ocular impacts. Histopathological changes, including alterations in retinal layers and proteins, Müller cell dysfunction, and visual symptoms, are meticulously examined to provide insights into the disease mechanism. Furthermore, preventive measures and public health perspectives are discussed to highlight the importance of awareness and intervention strategies. Therapeutic approaches, such as decontamination procedures, ethanol and fomepizole administration, hemodialysis, intravenous fluids, electrolyte balance management, nutritional therapy, corticosteroid therapy, and erythropoietin (EPO) treatment, are evaluated for their efficacy in managing MION. This comprehensive review underscores the need for increased awareness, improved diagnostic strategies, and more effective treatments to mitigate the impact of MION on global health.</p>","PeriodicalId":21702,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in Ophthalmology","volume":" ","pages":"18-29"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141158479","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation and Comparison of the Comprehensiveness of Canadian and American Ophthalmology Residency Program Websites.","authors":"Brendan K Tao, David Gou, Jacqueline Chen, Rachel Phord-Toy, Janaya Lo, Chia-Chen Tsai, Edsel Ing, Christian El-Hadad","doi":"10.1080/08820538.2024.2447725","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08820538.2024.2447725","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>We descriptively and comparatively evaluated the comprehensiveness of Canadian and US-accredited ophthalmology residency program websites as of August 28, 2024.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Using Canadian Resident Matching Service (<i>n</i> = 15) and US Fellowship and Residency Electronic Interactive Database (<i>n</i> = 125), we assessed website content across seven criteria: recruitment, faculty, residents, education/research, teaching, benefits, and community. Two independent reviewers used a 40-point system, with Kruskal-Wallis and post-hoc pairwise tests for analysis by country and funding model.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>US programs more frequently had highly comprehensive websites than Canadian programs (US: 74.4%, Canada: 40%). Canadian programs mostly achieved moderate comprehensiveness (Canada: 60%, US: 22.4%). Larger program size and US origin were significantly linked to higher comprehensiveness scores (<i>p</i> < .01).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our findings suggest that US-based, larger programs offer more extensive online resources. We recommend standardized guidelines to improve residency program website transparency and accessibility for medical learners.</p>","PeriodicalId":21702,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in Ophthalmology","volume":" ","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142897100","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lacrimal History - Part 32: Doyens of Dacryology Series - Peter John Wormald (1959-).","authors":"Ali Mj","doi":"10.1080/08820538.2024.2445901","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08820538.2024.2445901","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21702,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in Ophthalmology","volume":" ","pages":"1-3"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142885967","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lacrimal History - Part 31: Doyens of Dacryology Series - William Rocamora Katowitz (1966-).","authors":"Ali Mj","doi":"10.1080/08820538.2025.2443328","DOIUrl":"10.1080/08820538.2025.2443328","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21702,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in Ophthalmology","volume":" ","pages":"1-3"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142869649","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Metallic Intraocular Foreign Bodies Following Torsional Phacoemulsification Surgery.","authors":"Prabhjot Singh, Vikas Ambiya, Gaurav Kapoor, Vijay Kumar Sharma, Rahul, Jyothi Nandanan, Ashok Kumar","doi":"10.1080/08820538.2024.2443841","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08820538.2024.2443841","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study aimed to determine the rate of retained metallic intraocular foreign bodies (IOFBs) following torsional phacoemulsification cataract surgery by an experienced surgeon and elucidate related surgical factors, particle origin theories from existing literature, and postoperative visual impact.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>An observational study was conducted on 300 consecutive cases of cataract who underwent torsional phacoemulsification by a single surgeon using two-handed stop-and-chop technique. The incidence of retained IOFBs was observed and correlated with the surgical parameters and the density of cataract.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Retained IOFBs were observed in 6 of 300 (2%) cases operated. These were significantly associated with higher cumulative dissipated energy and the density of cataract, but without impacting final vision.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Phacoemulsification retains inherent risks of metallic particle liberation from ultrasonically stressed instrumentation interacting within confined spaces. However, small retained IOFBs appear visually inconsequential over limited follow-up. Advances in technique, engineering design, and surgical quality control hold promise for further enhancing safety of the procedure.</p>","PeriodicalId":21702,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in Ophthalmology","volume":" ","pages":"1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142839711","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lacrimal History - Part 30: Doyens of Dacryology Series - Bruno Fayet (1954-2022).","authors":"Francesco Quaranta-Leoni, Mohammad Javed Ali","doi":"10.1080/08820538.2024.2441049","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08820538.2024.2441049","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21702,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in Ophthalmology","volume":" ","pages":"1-3"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142829807","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lacrimal History - Part 28: Doyens of Dacryology Series - Hirohiko Kakizaki (1970-).","authors":"Mohammad Javed Ali","doi":"10.1080/08820538.2024.2440201","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08820538.2024.2440201","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21702,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in Ophthalmology","volume":" ","pages":"1-3"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142807847","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Potential Involvements of Anterior Segment Dysgenesis-Associated Genes in Primary Congenital Glaucoma.","authors":"Goutham Pyatla, Samir Bera, Ashish Mishra, Anil K Mandal, Subhabrata Chakrabarti","doi":"10.1080/08820538.2024.2435944","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08820538.2024.2435944","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The anterior segment of the eye plays a crucial role in maintaining the normal intraocular pressure and vision. Developmental defects in the anterior segment structures lead to anterior segment dysgenesis (ASD) and primary congenital glaucoma (PCG), which share overlapping clinical features. Several genes have been mapped and characterized in ASD, some of which are also involved in other glaucoma phenotypes. PCG exhibits genetic heterogeneity like ASD, but the known genes do not account for the entire genetic basis of the disease. Considering the significant phenotypic and genotypic overlap between ASD and PCG, this article explores the possible involvements of ASD-associated genes in PCG pathogenesis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A nonsystematic search in PubMed was performed using various combinations of keywords related to ASD, glaucoma, genetics, and molecular mechanisms, and articles published up until March 2024 were considered. Specifically, information pertaining to ASD-associated genes (<i>FBN1, FOXE3, HMX1, LMX1B, MAF, OTX2, PAX6, PITX2, PITX3, PRDM5, PRSS56, RAX, SLC4A11, SOX2, TRIM44, VAX1</i>, and <i>WT1</i>) was extracted, and their expressions were determined from the GTEx and EMBL-EBI Expression Atlas. Interactions of these genes were determined through the Ingenuity Pathway Analysis software.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Most of the ASD-associated genes were found to be highly expressed in the early embryonic stages. Interactome analysis revealed that <i>TRIM44, PAX6, WT1, SOX2, OTX2, PRDM5</i>, and <i>FBN1</i> interacted through the NFκB and Akt/PI3K pathways, either directly, or through interactions with other partners. <i>FOXC1, PITX2</i>, and <i>HMX1</i> interacted through Wnt and Hedgehog signaling pathways. Both ASD and PCG present similar clinical features and harbor mutations in genes that are implicated in both these conditions. Collectively, we constructed a hypothetical model and proposed two parallel mechanisms comprising the defects in the anterior chamber angle and cell death in PCG pathogenesis.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our findings suggest that complex interplay of these ASD-associated genes and their interactions could potentially result in defects in the anterior chamber angle and trabecular meshwork and induce cell death, resulting in PCG pathogenesis.</p>","PeriodicalId":21702,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in Ophthalmology","volume":" ","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142802225","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lacrimal History - Part 29: Doyens of Dacryology Series - Mikhail Krasnov (1929-2006) and Vladimir Beloglazov (1930-2012).","authors":"Vasily Yartsev, Mohammad Javed Ali","doi":"10.1080/08820538.2024.2436301","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08820538.2024.2436301","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21702,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in Ophthalmology","volume":" ","pages":"1-3"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142771837","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Second Intention Healing After Laser Ablation of Benign Eyelid Margin Tumors.","authors":"Gang Seok Jeon, In Hwan Hong, Tae Yeem Lee, Tae Geun Song, Jae Ryong Han","doi":"10.1080/08820538.2024.2435942","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08820538.2024.2435942","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study aims to present the therapeutic outcomes of benign eyelid margin tumors treated with laser ablation, offering an alternative approach to traditional shaving biopsy.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In all patients, tumors were eliminated through either laser ablation or shaving biopsy. Comparative analysis was conducted between two patient groups: the laser-assisted ablation group (Group 1) and the shaving excision surgery group (Group 2). A total of 66 patients with 67 benign eyelid margin tumors were retrospectively included in this study (2019-2023). Thity-four cases underwent laser ablation, and 33 cases were subjected to shaving excision biopsy. Postoperatively, histologic confirmation was obtained in 11 out of the 33 cases that underwent shaving excision.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In Group 1, no functional or cosmetic complications were observed. The wound margin was clear after laser-assisted ablation in all cases. In Group 2, there was one instance of eyelid notching, loss of cilia, and two pigmentations. No wound infections were reported. The average wound epithelialization duration was 3.3 weeks in Group 1, significantly faster than 4.2 weeks in Group 2 (<i>p</i> < .01). The average lesion size was 3.0 × 2.9 mm in Group 1, significantly smaller than 3.5 × 3.4 mm in Group 2 (<i>p</i> < .05). No recurrences were observed during the follow-up period.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Laser ablation for small benign eyelid margin tumors may be a favorable alternative to shaving excision biopsy surgery. All patients were satisfied with the cosmetic result. There was no definitive postoperative or intraoperative complication during or after laser application.</p>","PeriodicalId":21702,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in Ophthalmology","volume":" ","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142771840","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}