SciencePub Date : 2025-05-22DOI: 10.1126/science.ado5323
Emily J. Zakem, Jesse McNichol, J. L. Weissman, Yubin Raut, Liang Xu, Elisa R. Halewood, Craig A. Carlson, Stephanie Dutkiewicz, Jed A. Fuhrman, Naomi M. Levine
{"title":"Functional biogeography of marine microbial heterotrophs","authors":"Emily J. Zakem, Jesse McNichol, J. L. Weissman, Yubin Raut, Liang Xu, Elisa R. Halewood, Craig A. Carlson, Stephanie Dutkiewicz, Jed A. Fuhrman, Naomi M. Levine","doi":"10.1126/science.ado5323","DOIUrl":"10.1126/science.ado5323","url":null,"abstract":"<div >Heterotrophic bacteria and archaea (“heteroprokaryotes”) drive global carbon cycling, but how to quantitatively organize their functional complexity remains unclear. We generated a global-scale understanding of marine heteroprokaryotic functional biogeography by synthesizing genetic sequencing data with a mechanistic marine ecosystem model. We incorporated heteroprokaryotic diversity into the trait-based model along two axes: substrate lability and growth strategy. Using genetic sequences along three ocean transects, we compiled 21 heteroprokaryotic guilds and estimated their degree of optimization for rapid growth (copiotrophy). Data and model consistency indicated that gradients in grazing and substrate lability predominantly set biogeographical patterns, and we identified deep-ocean “slow copiotrophs” whose ecological interactions control the surface accumulation of dissolved organic carbon.</div>","PeriodicalId":21678,"journal":{"name":"Science","volume":"388 6749","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":44.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144118301","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
SciencePub Date : 2025-05-22DOI: 10.1126/science.ady2201
William Bement
{"title":"Rewriting the rules of cell division","authors":"William Bement","doi":"10.1126/science.ady2201","DOIUrl":"10.1126/science.ady2201","url":null,"abstract":"<div >Animal cell division has long been thought to represent a strict division of labor. Transporting, organizing, and then separating the chromosomes is the job of microtubules and microtubule-associated proteins that constitute the mitotic spindle, whereas splitting the cell itself is the job of actin filaments (F-actin) and myosin-2 (an F-actin–based motor protein that drives contraction) in the cell cortex, the layer of cytoplasm at the cell periphery just beneath the plasma membrane. This view has persisted for more than five decades, with any exceptions considered as special cases. However, on page 835 of this issue, Hernandez <i>et al</i>. (<i>1</i>) report that F-actin has a role in chromosome transport, organization, and spindle assembly during mitosis in early mouse embryos. These findings demonstrate that successful mitosis may draw on more mechanisms than commonly assumed.</div>","PeriodicalId":21678,"journal":{"name":"Science","volume":"388 6749","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":44.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144118307","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
SciencePub Date : 2025-05-22DOI: 10.1126/science.adx4616
Mary Ellen Hannibal
{"title":"Rivers and their rights","authors":"Mary Ellen Hannibal","doi":"10.1126/science.adx4616","DOIUrl":"10.1126/science.adx4616","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21678,"journal":{"name":"Science","volume":"388 6749","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":44.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144118310","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
SciencePub Date : 2025-05-22DOI: 10.1126/science.adz1711
Paul Voosen
{"title":"30-day forecasts? Weather prediction has room to run.","authors":"Paul Voosen","doi":"10.1126/science.adz1711","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1126/science.adz1711","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>AI models suggest a 2-week limit linked to the \"butterfly effect\" may not be definite.</p>","PeriodicalId":21678,"journal":{"name":"Science","volume":"388 6749","pages":"800-801"},"PeriodicalIF":44.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144128569","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
SciencePub Date : 2025-05-22DOI: 10.1126/science.adz1715
Cathleen O'Grady
{"title":"Low-quality papers surge thanks to public data and AI.","authors":"Cathleen O'Grady","doi":"10.1126/science.adz1715","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1126/science.adz1715","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Paper mills may drive \"industrialization\" of shoddy research.</p>","PeriodicalId":21678,"journal":{"name":"Science","volume":"388 6749","pages":"807-808"},"PeriodicalIF":44.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144128576","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
SciencePub Date : 2025-05-22DOI: 10.1126/science.adz1714
Rachel Berkowitz
{"title":"Sonar tool poised to map sea floor in fine detail.","authors":"Rachel Berkowitz","doi":"10.1126/science.adz1714","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1126/science.adz1714","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Researchers see promise in \"synthetic aperture\" devices that mimic giant acoustic cameras.</p>","PeriodicalId":21678,"journal":{"name":"Science","volume":"388 6749","pages":"806-807"},"PeriodicalIF":44.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144128578","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
SciencePub Date : 2025-05-22DOI: 10.1126/science.adv4341
Rainer Froese, Noa Steiner, Eva Papaioannou, Liam MacNeil, Thorsten B. H. Reusch, Marco Scotti
{"title":"Systemic failure of European fisheries management","authors":"Rainer Froese, Noa Steiner, Eva Papaioannou, Liam MacNeil, Thorsten B. H. Reusch, Marco Scotti","doi":"10.1126/science.adv4341","DOIUrl":"10.1126/science.adv4341","url":null,"abstract":"<div >As parties to United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS) (<i>1</i>), the European Union (EU) and its member states have adopted its obligations in the legally binding EU Common Fisheries Policy (CFP) (<i>2</i>). Yet despite legal commitments (see table S2), overfishing and the collapse of stocks continue in EU waters, prompting the question of why the EU is missing its goals. Fisheries data on the western Baltic Sea illustrate that the EU failed to implement key objectives of the CFP (<i>2</i>) in subsequent laws and regulations. The implementation of basic management has failed because of nonsustainable scientific catch advice along with shortsighted national requests leading to ill-advised proposals by the EU Commission (COM) that were subsequently fixed legally by national ministers in the EU Agriculture and Fisheries Council (the Council). To make catch advice truly science-based and independent of shortsighted influence, we suggest creating a politically independent European Fisheries Authority.</div>","PeriodicalId":21678,"journal":{"name":"Science","volume":"388 6749","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":44.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144118297","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
SciencePub Date : 2025-05-22DOI: 10.1126/science.adj2610
Karsten Schuhmann, Luis M. P. Fernandes, François Nez, Marwan Abdou Ahmed, Fernando D. Amaro, Pedro Amaro, François Biraben, Tzu-Ling Chen, Daniel S. Covita, Andreas J. Dax, Marc Diepold, Beatrice Franke, Sandrine Galtier, Andrea L. Gouvea, Johannes Götzfried, Thomas Graf, Theodor W. Hänsch, Malte Hildebrandt, Paul Indelicato, Lucile Julien, Klaus Kirch, Andreas Knecht, Franz Kottmann, Julian J. Krauth, Yi-Wei Liu, Jorge Machado, Cristina M. B. Monteiro, Françoise Mulhauser, Boris Naar, Tobias Nebel, Joaquim M. F. dos Santos, José Paulo Santos, Csilla I. Szabo, David Taqqu, João F. C. A. Veloso, Andreas Voss, Birgit Weichelt, Aldo Antognini, Randolf Pohl, The CREMA Collaboration
{"title":"The helion charge radius from laser spectroscopy of muonic helium-3 ions","authors":"Karsten Schuhmann, Luis M. P. Fernandes, François Nez, Marwan Abdou Ahmed, Fernando D. Amaro, Pedro Amaro, François Biraben, Tzu-Ling Chen, Daniel S. Covita, Andreas J. Dax, Marc Diepold, Beatrice Franke, Sandrine Galtier, Andrea L. Gouvea, Johannes Götzfried, Thomas Graf, Theodor W. Hänsch, Malte Hildebrandt, Paul Indelicato, Lucile Julien, Klaus Kirch, Andreas Knecht, Franz Kottmann, Julian J. Krauth, Yi-Wei Liu, Jorge Machado, Cristina M. B. Monteiro, Françoise Mulhauser, Boris Naar, Tobias Nebel, Joaquim M. F. dos Santos, José Paulo Santos, Csilla I. Szabo, David Taqqu, João F. C. A. Veloso, Andreas Voss, Birgit Weichelt, Aldo Antognini, Randolf Pohl, The CREMA Collaboration","doi":"10.1126/science.adj2610","DOIUrl":"10.1126/science.adj2610","url":null,"abstract":"<div >Hydrogen-like light muonic ions, in which one negative muon replaces all of the electrons, are extremely sensitive probes of nuclear structure. Using pulsed laser spectroscopy, we have measured three 2<i>S</i>-2<i>P</i> transitions in the muonic helium-3 (μ<sup>3</sup>He<sup>+</sup>) ion, an ion formed by a negative muon and bare helium-3 nucleus. This allowed us to extract the Lamb shift, the 2<i>P</i> fine structure splitting, and the 2<i>S</i>-hyperfine splitting in μ<sup>3</sup>He<sup>+</sup>. Comparing these measurements with theory, we determined the root-mean-square charge radius of the helion (<sup>3</sup>He nucleus) to be <i>r<sub>h</sub></i> = 1.97007(94) fm, in good agreement with the value from elastic electron scattering but a factor 15 more accurate. Our results represent benchmarks for few-nucleon theories and open the way for precision quantum electrodynamics tests in He atoms and ions.</div>","PeriodicalId":21678,"journal":{"name":"Science","volume":"388 6749","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":44.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144118304","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
SciencePub Date : 2025-05-22DOI: 10.1126/science.adv6886
Tae Hoon Lee, Marcel Balcik, Zain Ali, Taigyu Joo, Matthew P. Rivera, Ingo Pinnau, Zachary P. Smith
{"title":"Microporous polyimine membranes for efficient separation of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures","authors":"Tae Hoon Lee, Marcel Balcik, Zain Ali, Taigyu Joo, Matthew P. Rivera, Ingo Pinnau, Zachary P. Smith","doi":"10.1126/science.adv6886","DOIUrl":"10.1126/science.adv6886","url":null,"abstract":"<div >Interfacial polymerization has been an industrial standard for preparing desalination membranes. Extending the same concept to molecular separation of organic solvents would be a key enabler for the decarbonization of the chemical and petrochemical industries through energy-efficient crude or biocrude oil fractionation. Here, we report a molecular engineering approach based on acid-catalyzed interfacial polymerization for efficient hydrocarbon separation. The design strategies include (i) changing the linkage from amide to imine and (ii) subsequent introduction of shape-persistent units such as triptycene and spirobifluorene. The prepared polyimine membranes exhibit ultrahigh microporosity and enhanced swelling and plasticization resistance compared with conventional polyamide counterparts. These membranes, which feature fast and selective transport of hydrocarbons, including multicomponent and industrially relevant mixtures, outperform commercial and state-of-the-art benchmark membranes.</div>","PeriodicalId":21678,"journal":{"name":"Science","volume":"388 6749","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":44.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144118312","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
SciencePub Date : 2025-05-22DOI: 10.1126/science.adq8381
Garrett M Ginell,Ryan J Emenecker,Jeffrey M Lotthammer,Alex T Keeley,Stephen P Plassmeyer,Nicholas Razo,Emery T Usher,Jaqueline F Pelham,Alex S Holehouse
{"title":"Sequence-based prediction of intermolecular interactions driven by disordered regions.","authors":"Garrett M Ginell,Ryan J Emenecker,Jeffrey M Lotthammer,Alex T Keeley,Stephen P Plassmeyer,Nicholas Razo,Emery T Usher,Jaqueline F Pelham,Alex S Holehouse","doi":"10.1126/science.adq8381","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1126/science.adq8381","url":null,"abstract":"Intrinsically disordered regions (IDRs) in proteins play essential roles in cellular function. A growing body of work has shown that IDRs often interact with partners in a manner that does not depend on the precise order of amino acids but is instead driven by complementary chemical interactions, leading to disordered bound-state complexes. However, these chemically specific dynamic interactions are difficult to predict. In this study, we repurposed the chemical physics developed originally for molecular simulations to predict this chemical specificity between IDRs and partner proteins using protein sequence as the only input. Our approach-FINCHES-enables the direct prediction of phase diagrams, the identification of chemically specific interaction hotspots on IDRs, the decomposition of chemically distinct domains in IDRs, and a route to develop and test mechanistic hypotheses regarding IDR function in molecular recognition.","PeriodicalId":21678,"journal":{"name":"Science","volume":"5 1","pages":"eadq8381"},"PeriodicalIF":56.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144122042","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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