Royal Society Open Science最新文献_第6页

Using the basic reproduction ratio to quantify transmission and identify data gaps for epizootic haemorrhagic disease virus. 利用基本繁殖率量化传播情况并确定流行性出血病病毒的数据缺口。

IF 2.9 3区综合性期刊

Royal Society Open Science Pub Date : 2024-10-30 eCollection Date: 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.241217

Simon Gubbins

{"title":"Using the basic reproduction ratio to quantify transmission and identify data gaps for epizootic haemorrhagic disease virus.","authors":"Simon Gubbins","doi":"10.1098/rsos.241217","DOIUrl":"10.1098/rsos.241217","url":null,"abstract":"Epizootic haemorrhagic disease virus (EHDV) is an arbovirus transmitted by Culicoides biting midges that has recently emerged in Europe. Here, the basic reproduction ratio (R 0) was used to quantify the transmission of EHDV and its dependence on temperature for cattle and deer. Using data from the published literature the parameters needed to calculate R 0 were estimated with Bayesian methods to incorporate uncertainty in the calculations. The Sobol method of sensitivity analysis was used to determine the parameters having the greatest influence on R 0 and, hence, to identify important data gaps. Depending on the strain, the maximum R 0 for EHDV varied from 0.7 to 2.5 in cattle and 1.3 to 4.3 in deer. The maximum R 0 occurred at temperatures between 22 and 25°C, while the lowest temperature at which R 0 exceeded one was between 16 and 20°C. The sensitivity analysis identified the threshold temperature for virus replication, the probability of transmission from host to vector and the vector- to- host ratio as the most important parameters influencing R 0. Furthermore, there are only limited data on EHDV in European deer species and on transmission in wildlife and at the livestock/wildlife interface. These data gaps should be the focus of future research.","PeriodicalId":21525,"journal":{"name":"Royal Society Open Science","volume":"11 10","pages":"241217"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11522985/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142547157","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Novel image-analytic approach reveals new insights in fine-tuning of slime mould network adaptation. 新颖的图像分析方法揭示了对粘菌网络适应性微调的新见解。

IF 2.9 3区综合性期刊

Royal Society Open Science Pub Date : 2024-10-30 eCollection Date: 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.240950

Philipp Rosina, Martin Grube

{"title":"Novel image-analytic approach reveals new insights in fine-tuning of slime mould network adaptation.","authors":"Philipp Rosina, Martin Grube","doi":"10.1098/rsos.240950","DOIUrl":"10.1098/rsos.240950","url":null,"abstract":"This study introduces a novel methodology to explore the network dynamics of Physarum polycephalum, an organism celebrated for its remarkable adaptive capabilities. We used two innovative techniques to analyse its growth behaviour and network modifications under stress conditions, including starvation and differential epinephrine exposures. The first method provided a quantitative assessment of growth and exploration over time. The second method provided a detailed examination of vein diameter and contraction patterns, illuminating the physiological adjustments P. polycephalum undergoes in response to environmental challenges. By integrating these approaches, we were able to estimate the total network volume of the organism, with a focus on the normalized estimated volume, unveiling insightful aspects of its structural adaptations. While starvation reduced the volume, indicating a significant structural compromise, low and high epinephrine concentrations maintained a volume-to-area ratio comparable with the control. Determining the fractal dimension of the networks over time revealed a fine-tuning of the network complexity in response to environmental conditions, with significant reductions under stress indicating a constrained network adaptation strategy. These methods, novel in their application to P. polycephalum, provide a framework for future studies and a basis for exploring complex network behaviours with potential applications in bioengineering and adaptive network design.","PeriodicalId":21525,"journal":{"name":"Royal Society Open Science","volume":"11 10","pages":"240950"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11528663/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142569147","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

New specimens of Bunaia woodwardi Clarke, 1919 (Euchelicerata): a new member of Offacolidae providing insight supporting the Arachnomorpha. Bunaia woodwardi Clarke, 1919 (Euchelicerata) 的新标本：Offacolidae 的一个新成员，为蛛形纲提供支持。

IF 2.9 3区综合性期刊

Royal Society Open Science Pub Date : 2024-10-30 eCollection Date: 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.240499

Lorenzo Lustri, Jonathan B Antcliffe, Pierre Gueriau, Allison C Daley

{"title":"New specimens of Bunaia woodwardi Clarke, 1919 (Euchelicerata): a new member of Offacolidae providing insight supporting the Arachnomorpha.","authors":"Lorenzo Lustri, Jonathan B Antcliffe, Pierre Gueriau, Allison C Daley","doi":"10.1098/rsos.240499","DOIUrl":"10.1098/rsos.240499","url":null,"abstract":"The rapid early diversification of arthropods has made understanding internal relationships within the group fiendish. Particularly unresolved is the origin of Euchelicerata, a clade consisting of the Prosomapoda (comprising the extant Xiphosura and Arachnida and the extinct Chasmataspidida, Eurypterida and synziphosurines) and the extinct Offacolidae. Here we describe new material of the Silurian 'synziphosurine' Bunaia woodwardi Clarke, 1919 that reveals previously unknown features of its ventral anatomy: a pair of elongated chelicerae in the prosoma, followed posteriorly by five pairs of biramous appendages, a first pre-abdomen somite bearing a pair of paddle-like uniramous appendages (exopods) and a ventral pretelsonic process. Phylogenetic analyses retrieve B. woodwardi as a member of Offacolidae closely related to Setapedites abundantis from the Early Ordovician Fezouata Biota. An anatomical comparison of the pretelsonic process of B. woodwardi, also present in Setapedites, with the posterior trunk morphologies of other Offacolidae, Habeliida and Vicissicaudata, suggests a possible homologous appendicular origin. This proposed apomorphic character supports a monophyletic Arachnomorpha, formed of Vicissicaudata, Habeliida and Euchelicerata. The establishment of this new homology could help to clarify the highly enigmatic phylogeny at the base of the euchelicerates as well as the sequence of character acquisition during their early evolution.","PeriodicalId":21525,"journal":{"name":"Royal Society Open Science","volume":"11 10","pages":"240499"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11524597/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142547151","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A new sauropod dinosaur hindlimb from the Lower Cretaceous Wessex Formation, Isle of Wight, UK. 英国怀特岛下白垩世韦塞克斯地层出土的新蜥脚类恐龙后肢。

IF 2.9 3区综合性期刊

Royal Society Open Science Pub Date : 2024-10-30 eCollection Date: 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.240642

Robert R Higgins, Philip D Mannion, Paul M Barrett, Paul Upchurch

{"title":"A new sauropod dinosaur hindlimb from the Lower Cretaceous Wessex Formation, Isle of Wight, UK.","authors":"Robert R Higgins, Philip D Mannion, Paul M Barrett, Paul Upchurch","doi":"10.1098/rsos.240642","DOIUrl":"10.1098/rsos.240642","url":null,"abstract":"The Barremian-aged Wessex Formation of the Isle of Wight, UK, offers a globally significant glimpse into the sauropod dinosaur faunas of the early Cretaceous. These deposits have yielded specimens of several neosauropod lineages, such as rebbachisaurids, titanosauriforms (including some of the earliest titanosaur remains), and possible flagellicaudatans. Here, we report an undescribed sauropod partial hindlimb from the Wessex Formation (NHMUK PV R16500) and analyse its phylogenetic affinities. This hindlimb preserves the left tibia, astragalus and pes, lacking only a few phalanges. NHMUK PV R16500 can be diagnosed based on two autapomorphies: an unusually high distal end to midshaft transverse width ratio in metatarsals III and IV, and the presence of small bump-like projections located in the centre of the proximal articular surfaces of the unguals of pedal digits I and II. The phylogenetic affinities of NHMUK PV R16500 are uncertain: although our analyses recover it as an early-branching somphospondylan, a single character change moves it to close to Flagellicaudata when extended implied weighting is applied. The possibility of flagellicaudatan affinities for NHMUK PV R16500 implies a potential ghost lineage that survived the Jurassic/Cretaceous boundary; however, we present evidence that the somphospondylan position is more probable and should be preferred.","PeriodicalId":21525,"journal":{"name":"Royal Society Open Science","volume":"11 10","pages":"240642"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11522884/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142550090","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Pvc15 ATPase selectively associates effector proteins with the Photorhabdus virulence cassette. Pvc15 ATP 酶选择性地将效应蛋白与光照杆菌毒力盒结合在一起。

IF 2.9 3区综合性期刊

Royal Society Open Science Pub Date : 2024-10-23 eCollection Date: 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.240948

Rhys Evans, Nicholas R Waterfield

{"title":"The Pvc15 ATPase selectively associates effector proteins with the Photorhabdus virulence cassette.","authors":"Rhys Evans, Nicholas R Waterfield","doi":"10.1098/rsos.240948","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1098/rsos.240948","url":null,"abstract":"The Photorhabdus virulence cassette (PVC) is an extracellular contractile injection system. In the producing bacterium, N-terminal signal peptides enable effector 'payloads' to be loaded into the PVC's hollow tube-facilitated by the 'ATPases associated with diverse cellular activities' (AAA) ATPase, Pvc15-ready for injection of the toxin or virulence factor into eukaryotic cytosols. Pvc15's function and its interaction with the signal peptide were unclear. This study describes the signal peptide diversity in extracellular contractile injection system clades and interrogates the Pvc15-signal peptide interaction using ATPase assays, cell respiratory assays and western blot quantification of Escherichia coli lysates and co-purifications of PVCs with their payloads. This study found that extracellular contractile injection system signal peptides can be grouped according to sequence alignment, owing to potentially homologous loading mechanisms. Pvc15 contains three domains, including tandem AAA domains D1 and D2. By constructing Pvc15 mutants, we found that while each domain is necessary for PVC-payload loading, domain D2 is the sole bioactive ATPase domain and rescues unstable payloads via the signal peptide. Finally, truncating the signal peptide abolishes Pvc15-dependent PVC loading and has varying effects on payload stability. This study provides crucial insights into extracellular contractile injection system effector loading mechanisms and their ATPase chaperones, and suggests that these devices could be bioengineered for injection of therapeutic proteins into human cells.","PeriodicalId":21525,"journal":{"name":"Royal Society Open Science","volume":"11 10","pages":"240948"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11495950/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142507069","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Receiver response to high-intensity courtship differs with courter status in spotted bowerbirds Ptilonorhynchus maculatus. 受体对高强度求偶的反应随斑头雁的求偶者身份而异。

IF 2.9 3区综合性期刊

Royal Society Open Science Pub Date : 2024-10-23 eCollection Date: 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.232015

Giovanni Spezie, Dan C Mann, Job Knoester, Thomas MacGillavry, Leonida Fusani

{"title":"Receiver response to high-intensity courtship differs with courter status in spotted bowerbirds Ptilonorhynchus maculatus.","authors":"Giovanni Spezie, Dan C Mann, Job Knoester, Thomas MacGillavry, Leonida Fusani","doi":"10.1098/rsos.232015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1098/rsos.232015","url":null,"abstract":"Understanding sexual communication requires assessing the behaviour of both the sender and the receiver. Receiver responses to sexual displays carry relevant information, but such signals or cues may be subtle and therefore technically challenging to investigate. Here, we focus on receiver body movements in response to high-intensity courtship in spotted bowerbirds (Ptilonorhynchus maculatus). Male bowerbirds perform a vigorous courtship choreography on dedicated display structures-bowers. Bower owners tolerate other non-territorial males at their bowers, yet the courtship displays of these so-called 'subordinate' males rarely result in successful copulations. Males that display at high intensity are preferred by females in this species, yet excessively aggressive displays may be threatening, hence scaring prospective mates away. In this study, we hypothesized that bower owners are better able to exhibit high-intensity movements without startling their audience compared with subordinate males. To address this question, we used a combination of behavioural coding and AI-based tracking of body movements, which allows precise spatial and temporal resolution for the study of subtle behavioural responses. Contrary to our predictions, we found that bower owners evoked stronger startle responses than subordinate males. We discuss these unexpected results and suggest further experimental approaches for future investigations.","PeriodicalId":21525,"journal":{"name":"Royal Society Open Science","volume":"11 10","pages":"232015"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11495961/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142507067","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Correction to: 'Rostrum morphology and feeding strategy of the baleen whale indicate that right whales and pygmy right whales became skimmers independently' (2022), by Tanaka. 更正：须鲸的筑巢形态和觅食策略表明露脊鲸和侏儒露脊鲸是独立成为掠食者的"（2022年），作者：Tanaka。

IF 2.9 3区综合性期刊

Royal Society Open Science Pub Date : 2024-10-23 eCollection Date: 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.241686

Yoshihiro Tanaka

引用次数: 0

Reconstructing the invention of the wheel using computational structural analysis and design. 利用计算结构分析和设计重建车轮的发明。

IF 2.9 3区综合性期刊

Royal Society Open Science Pub Date : 2024-10-23 eCollection Date: 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.240373

Lee R Alacoque, Richard W Bulliet, Kai A James

{"title":"Reconstructing the invention of the wheel using computational structural analysis and design.","authors":"Lee R Alacoque, Richard W Bulliet, Kai A James","doi":"10.1098/rsos.240373","DOIUrl":"10.1098/rsos.240373","url":null,"abstract":"The invention of the wheel is widely credited as a pivotal moment in human history, yet the details surrounding its discovery are shrouded in mystery. There remains no scholarly consensus on key questions such as where, how and by whom this technology was originally invented. In this study, we employ state-of-the-art techniques from computational structural mechanics to shed light on this long-standing puzzle. Based on this analysis, we propose a probable path along which the wheel evolved via a sequence of three major innovations. We also introduce an original computational design algorithm that autonomously generates a wheel-and-axle system using an evolutionary process that offers insight into the way in which the first wheels likely evolved nearly 6000 years ago. Our analysis provides new supporting evidence for the recently advanced theory that the wheel was invented by Neolithic miners harvesting copper ore from the Carpathian Mountains as early as 3900 BC. Moreover, we show how the discovery of the wheel was made possible by the unique physical features of the mine environment, whose impact was analogous to the selective environmental pressures that drive biological evolution.","PeriodicalId":21525,"journal":{"name":"Royal Society Open Science","volume":"11 10","pages":"240373"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11529624/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142569152","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Behavioural responses of common dolphins to naval sonar. 普通海豚对海军声纳的行为反应。

IF 2.9 3区综合性期刊

Royal Society Open Science Pub Date : 2024-10-23 eCollection Date: 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.240650

Brandon L Southall, John W Durban, John Calambokidis, Caroline Casey, James A Fahlbusch, Holly Fearnbach, Kiirsten R Flynn, Selene Fregosi, Ari S Friedlaender, Samantha G M Leander, Fleur Visser

{"title":"Behavioural responses of common dolphins to naval sonar.","authors":"Brandon L Southall, John W Durban, John Calambokidis, Caroline Casey, James A Fahlbusch, Holly Fearnbach, Kiirsten R Flynn, Selene Fregosi, Ari S Friedlaender, Samantha G M Leander, Fleur Visser","doi":"10.1098/rsos.240650","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1098/rsos.240650","url":null,"abstract":"Despite strong interest in how noise affects marine mammals, little is known for the most abundant and commonly exposed taxa. Social delphinids occur in groups of hundreds of individuals that travel quickly, change behaviour ephemerally and are not amenable to conventional tagging methods, posing challenges in quantifying noise impacts. We integrated drone-based photogrammetry, strategically placed acoustic recorders and broad-scale visual observations to provide complementary measurements of different aspects of behaviour for short- and long-beaked common dolphins. We measured behavioural responses during controlled exposure experiments (CEEs) of military mid-frequency (3-4 kHz) active sonar (MFAS) using simulated and actual Navy sonar sources. We used latent-state Bayesian models to evaluate response probability and persistence in exposure and post-exposure phases. Changes in subgroup movement and aggregation parameters were commonly detected during different phases of MFAS CEEs but not control CEEs. Responses were more evident in short-beaked common dolphins (n = 14 CEEs), and a direct relationship between response probability and received level was observed. Long-beaked common dolphins (n = 20) showed less consistent responses, although contextual differences may have limited which movement responses could be detected. These are the first experimental behavioural response data for these abundant dolphins to directly inform impact assessments for military sonars.","PeriodicalId":21525,"journal":{"name":"Royal Society Open Science","volume":"11 10","pages":"240650"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11495955/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142507063","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Investigating the impact of environmental feedback on the optional prisoner's dilemma for insights into cyclic dominance and evolution of cooperation. 研究环境反馈对可选囚徒困境的影响，以深入了解循环优势和合作进化。

IF 2.9 3区综合性期刊

Royal Society Open Science Pub Date : 2024-10-23 eCollection Date: 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.240717

Md Fahimur Rahman Shuvo, K M Ariful Kabir

{"title":"Investigating the impact of environmental feedback on the optional prisoner's dilemma for insights into cyclic dominance and evolution of cooperation.","authors":"Md Fahimur Rahman Shuvo, K M Ariful Kabir","doi":"10.1098/rsos.240717","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1098/rsos.240717","url":null,"abstract":"This study incorporates environmental feedback into the optional prisoner's dilemma and rock-paper-scissors games to examine the mutual influence of eco-evolutionary outcomes and strategy dynamics. A novel game-theoretic model is developed that integrates the optional prisoner's dilemma and rock-paper-scissors games by incorporating an environmental state variable. By adjusting feedback parameters, chaos, oscillations and coexistence are observed that surpass the usual outcomes of social dilemmas when the environment transitions between depleted and replenished states. Defection is no longer advantageous in evolution; cooperation, abstention and cyclic dominance arise. The observed transitions align with natural economics, ecology and sociology phenomena. The inclusion of abstention options and environmental feedback has a significant impact on collective outcomes when compared with conventional games. This has important implications for studying adaptation and decision-making in situations with ecological constraints.","PeriodicalId":21525,"journal":{"name":"Royal Society Open Science","volume":"11 10","pages":"240717"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11495962/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142507065","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0