Royal Society Open Science最新文献

{"title":"Dibutyl sebacate as PVC ecoplasticizer-economic synthesis and functional properties.","authors":"Anna Tracz, Sławomir Boncel, Ewa Pankalla, Anna Chrobok","doi":"10.1098/rsos.241984","DOIUrl":"10.1098/rsos.241984","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>One-third of poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) applications require plasticization to improve flexibility, softness, and processability. Phthalate esters have been widely used but are now restricted due to their toxicity. Di-<i>n</i>-butyl sebacate (DBS), a safe, biodegradable, and cost-effective aliphatic ester, offers superior operational properties and industrial scalability compared to phthalates. We demonstrate a scalable DBS synthesis achieving approximately 100% yield under optimized conditions (90°C, 15 mol% triethylamine-sulfuric(VI) acid catalyst, 4 : 1 BuOH to sebacic acid ratio, 2 h). Kilogram-scale DBS-plasticized PVC was produced and evaluated for key properties. The DBS-plasticized PVC showed enhanced performance, including minimal plasticizer migration (12.78% after 28 days, per EN ISO 177:2017), high extension (350%), breaking stress of 15.7 MPa, and a Shore A hardness of 80.2. These results outperform conventional phthalates, such as di-2-ethylhexyl terephthalate and di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate. The findings confirm that DBS synthesis is fully scalable and its use results in PVC materials with superior mechanical and leakage properties. This study supports the industrial adoption of DBS as an eco-friendly and effective alternative to replace toxic phthalates in PVC plasticization, promoting safer and more sustainable materials for widespread applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":21525,"journal":{"name":"Royal Society Open Science","volume":"12 3","pages":"241984"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11937920/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143720710","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Forelimb reduction and digit loss were evolutionarily decoupled in oviraptorosaurian theropod dinosaurs.","authors":"Amelia Mead, Gregory Funston, Stephen Brusatte","doi":"10.1098/rsos.242114","DOIUrl":"10.1098/rsos.242114","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Theropod forelimbs exhibit wide morphological disparity, from the elongated wings of birds to the diminutive arms of <i>T. rex</i>. A wealth of work has sought to understand the evolution of bird flight via arm elongation, but despite widespread occurrences of forelimb reduction and digit loss throughout theropod dinosaurs, the evolutionary drivers behind these patterns are poorly understood. Previous studies demonstrate broad allometric trends that can account for some instances of forelimb reduction, but the repeated loss of digits, and their hypothesized link to forelimb shortening, has received less attention. Here, we evaluate evolutionary associations between digit loss and forelimb reduction in an iconic and data-rich theropod clade, Oviraptorosauria. Unexpectedly, we find that the evolution of digit III and the rest of the forelimb are decoupled. Support for different evolutionary models and a lower phylogenetic signal in digit III than the rest of the forelimb suggests these segments were subject to different evolutionary processes leading to independent morphological change. Oviraptorosaurs exhibit four distinct forelimb morphotypes, but these do not exactly correspond to patterns of dietary niche partitioning. Overall, forelimb evolution in oviraptorosaurs is more complex than anticipated, potentially as a result of an evolutionary radiation they underwent in the Late Cretaceous.</p>","PeriodicalId":21525,"journal":{"name":"Royal Society Open Science","volume":"12 3","pages":"242114"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11937923/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143721224","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evidence of active sound production by a shark.","authors":"Carolin Nieder, Eric Parmentier, Andrew G Jeffs, Craig Radford","doi":"10.1098/rsos.242212","DOIUrl":"10.1098/rsos.242212","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Elasmobranchs are an evolutionarily ancient group of cartilaginous fishes that can hear underwater sounds but are not historically viewed as active sound producers. Three recent reports of several species of rays producing clicks in response to approaching divers have cast doubt on this long prevailing view and resulted in calls for more research into sound production in elasmobranchs. This study shows that the rig, <i>Mustelus lenticulatus</i>, produces clicks (mean SPL_rms = 156.3 dB re. 1 μPa ± 0.9 s.e.m. at approx. 30 cm) when handled underwater, representing the first documented case of deliberate sound production by a shark. Clicks were broadband (mean bandwidth = 23 kHz ± 0.1 s.e.m.), with peak energies between 2.4 and 18.5 kHz (mean peak frequency = 9.6 kHz ± 0.3 s.e.m.), and mean duration of 48.42 ms ± 2.9 s.e.m. Clicks contained considerably less energy in frequencies below 1 kHz, which overlap with the hearing range of the rig. We propose that forceful snapping of flattened teeth may be the sound producing mechanism based on the plated tooth morphology and the acoustic characteristics of these clicks. Further behavioural studies are needed to test whether clicks are incidental to the handling or a natural acoustic response of behavioural significance.</p>","PeriodicalId":21525,"journal":{"name":"Royal Society Open Science","volume":"12 3","pages":"242212"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11937917/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143720711","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An associative account of collective learning.","authors":"Matthew Gildea, Cristina Santos, Federico Sanabria, Takao Sasaki","doi":"10.1098/rsos.241907","DOIUrl":"10.1098/rsos.241907","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Associative learning is an important adaptive mechanism that is well conserved among a broad range of species. Although it is typically studied in isolated animals, associative learning can occur in the presence of conspecifics in nature. Although many social aspects of individual learning have received much attention, the study of collective learning-the acquisition of knowledge in groups of animals through shared experience-has a much shorter history. Consequently, the conditions under which collective learning emerges and the mechanisms that underlie such emergence are still largely unexplored. Here, we develop a parsimonious model of collective learning based on the complementary integration of associative learning and collective intelligence. The model assumes (i) a simple associative learning rule, based on the Rescorla-Wagner model, in which the actions of conspecifics serve as cues and (ii) a horse-race action selection rule. Simulations of this model show no benefit of group training over individual training in a simple discrimination task (A+/B-). However, a group-training advantage emerges after the discrimination task is reversed (A-/B+). Model predictions suggest that, in a dynamic environment, tracking the actions of conspecifics that are solving the same problem can yield superior learning to individual animals and enhanced performance to the group.</p>","PeriodicalId":21525,"journal":{"name":"Royal Society Open Science","volume":"12 3","pages":"241907"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11937916/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143721552","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The reliability of replications: a study in computational reproductions.","authors":"Nate Breznau, Eike Mark Rinke, Alexander Wuttke, Muna Adem, Jule Adriaans, Esra Akdeniz, Amalia Alvarez-Benjumea, Henrik K Andersen, Daniel Auer, Flavio Azevedo, Oke Bahnsen, Ling Bai, Dave Balzer, Paul C Bauer, Gerrit Bauer, Markus Baumann, Sharon Baute, Verena Benoit, Julian Bernauer, Carl Berning, Anna Berthold, Felix S Bethke, Thomas Biegert, Katharina Blinzler, Johannes N Blumenberg, Licia Bobzien, Andrea Bohman, Thijs Bol, Amie Bostic, Zuzanna Brzozowska, Katharina Burgdorf, Kaspar Burger, Kathrin Busch, Juan-Carlos Castillo, Nathan Chan, Pablo Christmann, Roxanne Connelly, Christian S Czymara, Elena Damian, Eline A de Rooij, Alejandro Ecker, Achim Edelmann, Christina Eder, Maureen A Eger, Simon Ellerbrock, Anna Forke, Andrea Forster, Danilo Freire, Chris Gaasendam, Konstantin Gavras, Vernon Gayle, Theresa Gessler, Timo Gnambs, Amélie Godefroidt, Max Grömping, Martin Groß, Stefan Gruber, Tobias Gummer, Andreas Hadjar, Verena Halbherr, Jan Paul Heisig, Sebastian Hellmeier, Stefanie Heyne, Magdalena Hirsch, Mikael Hjerm, Oshrat Hochman, Jan H Höffler, Andreas Hövermann, Sophia Hunger, Christian Hunkler, Nora Huth-Stöckle, Zsófia S Ignácz, Sabine Israel, Laura Jacobs, Jannes Jacobsen, Bastian Jaeger, Sebastian Jungkunz, Nils Jungmann, Jennifer Kanjana, Mathias Kauff, Salman Khan, Sayak Khatua, Manuel Kleinert, Julia Klinger, Jan-Philipp Kolb, Marta Kołczyńska, John Kuk, Katharina Kunißen, Dafina Kurti Sinatra, Alexander Langenkamp, Robin C Lee, Philipp M Lersch, David Liu, Lea-Maria Löbel, Philipp Lutscher, Matthias Mader, Joan E Madia, Natalia Malancu, Luis Maldonado, Helge Marahrens, Nicole Martin, Paul Martinez, Jochen Mayerl, Oscar J Mayorga, Robert McDonnell, Patricia McManus, Kyle McWagner, Cecil Meeusen, Daniel Meierrieks, Jonathan Mellon, Friedolin Merhout, Samuel Merk, Daniel Meyer, Leticia Micheli, Jonathan Mijs, Cristóbal Moya, Marcel Neunhoeffer, Daniel Nüst, Olav Nygård, Fabian Ochsenfeld, Gunnar Otte, Anna Pechenkina, Mark Pickup, Christopher Prosser, Louis Raes, Kevin Ralston, Miguel Ramos, Frank Reichert, Arne Roets, Jonathan Rogers, Guido Ropers, Robin Samuel, Gregor Sand, Constanza Sanhueza Petrarca, Ariela Schachter, Merlin Schaeffer, David Schieferdecker, Elmar Schlueter, Katja Schmidt, Regine Schmidt, Alexander Schmidt-Catran, Claudia Schmiedeberg, Jürgen Schneider, Martijn Schoonvelde, Julia Schulte-Cloos, Sandy Schumann, Reinhard Schunck, Julian Seuring, Henning Silber, Willem Sleegers, Nico Sonntag, Alexander Staudt, Nadia Steiber, Nils D Steiner, Sebastian Sternberg, Dieter Stiers, Dragana Stojmenovska, Nora Storz, Erich Striessnig, Anne-Kathrin Stroppe, Jordan W Suchow, Janna Teltemann, Andrey Tibajev, Brian Tung, Giacomo Vagni, Jasper Van Assche, Meta van der Linden, Jolanda van der Noll, Arno Van Hootegem, Stefan Vogtenhuber, Bogdan Voicu, Fieke Wagemans, Nadja Wehl, Hannah Werner, Brenton M Wiernik, Fabian Winter, Christof Wolf, Cary Wu, Yuki Yamada, Björn Zakula, Nan Zhang, Conrad Ziller, Stefan Zins, Tomasz Żółtak, Hung H V Nguyen","doi":"10.1098/rsos.241038","DOIUrl":"10.1098/rsos.241038","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study investigates researcher variability in computational reproduction, an activity for which it is least expected. Eighty-five independent teams attempted numerical replication of results from an original study of policy preferences and immigration. Reproduction teams were randomly grouped into a 'transparent group' receiving original study and code or 'opaque group' receiving only a method and results description and no code. The transparent group mostly verified original results (95.7% same sign and <i>p</i>-value cutoff), while the opaque group had less success (89.3%). Second-decimal place exact numerical reproductions were less common (76.9 and 48.1%). Qualitative investigation of the workflows revealed many causes of error, including mistakes and procedural variations. When curating mistakes, we still find that only the transparent group was reliably successful. Our findings imply a need for transparency, but also more. Institutional checks and less subjective difficulty for researchers 'doing reproduction' would help, implying a need for better training. We also urge increased awareness of complexity in the research process and in 'push button' replications.</p>","PeriodicalId":21525,"journal":{"name":"Royal Society Open Science","volume":"12 3","pages":"241038"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11922520/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143664511","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Learning from the local: the variety and spatial pattern of vocal mimicry in songs of the invasive white-rumped shama in Taiwan.","authors":"Bao-Sen Shieh, Shih-Hsiung Liang, Shuo-Chen Chang","doi":"10.1098/rsos.241676","DOIUrl":"10.1098/rsos.241676","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Studying the model selection, especially in multiple heterospecific mimicry, is crucial for understanding the function of vocal mimicry. Invasive songbirds with large repertoires in novel auditory environments lacking conspecifics expand their repertoires by imitating heterospecifics, offering valuable insights into model selection. This study examines vocal mimicry in the invasive <i>Copsychus malabaricus</i> (white-rumped shama), focusing on how this species selects mimicry models in Taiwan. We recorded the songs of 256 males across 26 sites in Taiwan, and their vocal mimicry of heterospecific sources was identified. Our results revealed that at least 28 animal species were mimicked, and 68% of those model species were endemic. Regarding individual mimics, 68.6% of 242 mimics imitated more than two species and 13.2% of total mimics imitated up to 4-8 species. Most mimicry types (defined by species mimicked) exhibited a significant clumped distribution, except three mimicry types. As the number of observed <i>C. malabaricus</i> at a site increased, the number of identified mimicry types increased significantly. Furthermore, as the total number of mimics of the two sites increased, the compositions of mimicry types of the two sites were more likely dissimilar. We suggest that individual differences play a crucial role in the model selection of heterospecific mimicry, and these differences may result from variations in individual learning ability or preferences, or from variations in the local auditory environment where the individuals inhabit.</p>","PeriodicalId":21525,"journal":{"name":"Royal Society Open Science","volume":"12 3","pages":"241676"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11919489/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143664503","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Robotic disassembly of permanent magnet electric motors.","authors":"Chaozhi Liang, D T Pham","doi":"10.1098/rsos.241590","DOIUrl":"10.1098/rsos.241590","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This paper focuses on the disassembly of permanent magnet (PM) motors, which are the type of motor commonly used in electric vehicles (EVs). To handle the expected massive volume of PM motors available for remanufacturing as these EVs reach the end of their service life, efforts must be focussed on reducing manual labour during disassembly. In this study, the problem of removing a rotor from the stator in a PM motor using robots was explored. This is a challenging problem in PM motor disassembly because of the destabilising forces exerted by the magnets in the rotor. To prevent damage to the rotor and stator, an optimized disassembly path is generated using a model of the magnetic forces so that the rotor is centred relative to the stator while being pulled out. By following the optimized disassembly path and avoiding contact between the rotor and stator, the maximum disassembly force can be reduced by 49% and 38%, respectively, compared to when the rotor is off-centred or in contact with the stator.</p>","PeriodicalId":21525,"journal":{"name":"Royal Society Open Science","volume":"12 3","pages":"241590"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11919488/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143664507","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing the best hour to start the day: an appraisal of seasonal daylight saving time.","authors":"José María Martín-Olalla, Jorge Mira","doi":"10.1098/rsos.240727","DOIUrl":"10.1098/rsos.240727","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We provide an evidence-based position on the seasonal regulation of clocks daylight saving time (DST) that challenges position papers by sleep associations against the practice. We review the acute, short-term impact and the chronic, long-term impact of DST in the context of the changing ambient light conditions that characterize seasons at Extratropical latitudes. We highlight the association between DST, human physiology (photoreceptive mechanisms) and human daily life. We offer a perspective on the possible scenarios should clock regulations be abandoned.</p>","PeriodicalId":21525,"journal":{"name":"Royal Society Open Science","volume":"12 3","pages":"240727"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11919531/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143658568","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The analysis of neutron reflectivity from Langmuir monolayers of lipids using molecular dynamics simulations: the role of lipid area.","authors":"Arwel V Hughes, Valeria Losasso, Martyn Winn","doi":"10.1098/rsos.241727","DOIUrl":"10.1098/rsos.241727","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Biomolecular simulations are increasingly being used to generate detailed structural models to aid interpretation of neutron reflectometry (NR) data obtained from model biological membranes. Unlike globular systems, often studied by small-angle scattering, simulations of two-dimensional layers are sensitive to the simulation cell used which constrains the system laterally. We perform a careful analysis of NR data obtained from a monolayer of the lipid distearoylphosphatidylcholine at the air-water interface and show that the fit of number density profiles obtained from atomistic molecular dynamics simulation to the experimental data is very sensitive to the assumed area per lipid (APL). We propose a protocol for obtaining a realistic isotherm by combining the experimental surface pressure corresponding to a reflectometry measurement with an APL obtained from the simulation that best fits that data. Finally, we demonstrate how downstream interpretation of the experimental sample, derived from structural and dynamic properties of the atomistic model, depends strongly on the correct choice of simulation cell.</p>","PeriodicalId":21525,"journal":{"name":"Royal Society Open Science","volume":"12 3","pages":"241727"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11919530/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143658569","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nonsignificance misinterpreted as an effect's absence in psychology: prevalence and temporal analyses.","authors":"Stephen Lee Murphy, Raphael Merz, Linda-Elisabeth Reimann, Aurelio Fernández","doi":"10.1098/rsos.242167","DOIUrl":"10.1098/rsos.242167","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Nonsignificant findings in psychological research are frequently misinterpreted as reflecting the effect's absence. However, this issue's exact prevalence remains unclear, as does whether this issue is getting better or worse. In this pre-registered study, we sought to answer these questions by examining the discussion sections of 599 articles published across 10 psychology journals and three time points (2009, 2015 and 2021), and coding whether a nonsignificant finding was interpreted in such a way as to suggest the effect does not exist. Our models indicate that between 76% and 85% of psychology articles published between 2009 and 2021 that discussed a nonsignificant finding misinterpreted nonsignificance as reflecting no effect. It is likely between 54% and 62% of articles over this time period claimed explicitly that this meant no effect on the population of interest. Our findings also indicate that only between 4% and 8% of articles explicitly discussed the possibility that the nonsignificant effect may exist but could not be found. Differences in prevalence rates over time were nonsignificant. Collectively, our findings indicate this interpretative error is a major problem in psychology. We call on stakeholders with an interest in improving psychological science to prioritize tackling it.</p>","PeriodicalId":21525,"journal":{"name":"Royal Society Open Science","volume":"12 3","pages":"242167"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11919487/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143664505","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}