Royal Society Open Science最新文献_第2页

Demographics of co-ageing complex systems: from infected worms to chess games. 共龄复杂系统的人口统计学：从感染蠕虫到国际象棋游戏。

IF 2.9 3区综合性期刊

Royal Society Open Science Pub Date : 2024-11-13 eCollection Date: 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.240932

Cagatay Eskin, Dervis Can Vural

引用次数: 0

Stochastic analysis of Ebola infection in small zoonotic niches. 小型人畜共患病龛位中埃博拉病毒感染的随机分析。

IF 2.9 3区综合性期刊

Royal Society Open Science Pub Date : 2024-11-13 eCollection Date: 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.240298

Sena Mursel, Paolo Bocchini, Javier Buceta

引用次数: 0

Prey detection by a stepwise visual template matching mechanism. 通过逐步视觉模板匹配机制检测猎物。

IF 2.9 3区综合性期刊

Royal Society Open Science Pub Date : 2024-11-13 eCollection Date: 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.241042

Jules Silverman, Brad W Taylor

{"title":"Prey detection by a stepwise visual template matching mechanism.","authors":"Jules Silverman, Brad W Taylor","doi":"10.1098/rsos.241042","DOIUrl":"10.1098/rsos.241042","url":null,"abstract":"Predators can improve prey capture using a search image, and recent prey provide a visual template with which subsequent prey are compared. Considering trout feeding responses to mayfly prey of different sizes and phenological availability across years, we tested if changing relative abundances (ratios) of prey of the same species, but different body sizes, shifted trout feeding behaviour. For example, we hypothesized that a feeding switch from larger to smaller prey required continuous exposure to the novel smaller prey. The hypothesis that continuous exposure to novel small prey results in their acceptance was not supported. Rather, we discovered that trout identify novel prey using a dynamic stepwise visual neural template prey matching process, which involves the formation of focal prey template based on size or type, rejection of novel prey that do not match the size or type templates and modification of the existing or development of multiple prey templates that eventually enabled recognition of novel, small prey. We also discovered trout store multiple visual prey templates in memory. These results have implications for predator and prey dynamics, optimal foraging, the persistence of rare prey, prey species coexistence and predator selection on prey phenology.","PeriodicalId":21525,"journal":{"name":"Royal Society Open Science","volume":"11 11","pages":"241042"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11569828/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142648629","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Directionality theory and the origin of life. 定向理论与生命起源。

IF 2.9 3区综合性期刊

Royal Society Open Science Pub Date : 2024-11-13 eCollection Date: 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.230623

Lloyd A Demetrius

{"title":"Directionality theory and the origin of life.","authors":"Lloyd A Demetrius","doi":"10.1098/rsos.230623","DOIUrl":"10.1098/rsos.230623","url":null,"abstract":"The origin of cellular life can be described in terms of the transition from inorganic matter to the emergence of cooperative assemblies of organic matter: DNA and proteins, capable of replication and metabolism. Directionality theory is a mathematical theory of the collective behaviour of networks of organic matter: activated macromolecules, cells and higher organisms. Evolutionary entropy, a generalization of the thermodynamic entropy of Boltzmann, is a statistical measure of the cooperativity of the biotic components. The cornerstone of Directionality theory is the Entropic Principle of Evolution: evolutionary entropy increases in systems driven by a stable energy source, and decreases in systems subject to a fluctuating energy source. This article invokes the Entropic Principle of Evolution-an extension to biological systems of the Second Law of Thermodynamics-to provide an adaptive rationale for the following sequence of transformations that define the emergence of cellular life: (i) the self-assembly of activated macromolecules from inorganic matter; (ii) the emergence of an RNA world, defined by RNA molecules with catalytic and replicative properties; and (iii) the origin of cellular life, the integration of the three carbon-based polymers-DNA, proteins and lipids, to generate a metabolic and replicative unit.","PeriodicalId":21525,"journal":{"name":"Royal Society Open Science","volume":"11 11","pages":"230623"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11558456/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142626256","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Animal emotions and consciousness: a preliminary assessment of researchers' perceptions and biases and prospects for future progress. 动物情感与意识：对研究人员的看法和偏见的初步评估以及对未来进展的展望。

IF 2.9 3区综合性期刊

Royal Society Open Science Pub Date : 2024-11-13 eCollection Date: 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.241255

Matthew N Zipple, Caleb Hazelwood, Mackenzie F Webster, Marcela E Benítez

{"title":"Animal emotions and consciousness: a preliminary assessment of researchers' perceptions and biases and prospects for future progress.","authors":"Matthew N Zipple, Caleb Hazelwood, Mackenzie F Webster, Marcela E Benítez","doi":"10.1098/rsos.241255","DOIUrl":"10.1098/rsos.241255","url":null,"abstract":"Scientists and philosophers have long struggled with the question of whether non-human animals experience emotions or consciousness. Yet, it is unclear where the scientific consensus on these topics lies today. To address this gap, we administered a survey of professional animal behaviour researchers to assess perceptions regarding (i) the taxonomic distribution of emotions and consciousness in non-human animals, (ii) respondents' confidence in this assessment, and (iii) attitudes towards pitfalls and potential for progress when addressing these questions. Respondents (n = 100) ascribe emotionality and consciousness to a broad swath of the animal taxonomy, including non-human primates, other mammals, birds and cephalopods. Respondents' attribution of these phenomena was strongly associated with their confidence in their assessments (R 2 > 0.9), with respondents assuming an absence of emotions and consciousness when they were unsure. We also identify an emergent consensus of the components involved in a functional definition of emotions. Researchers are optimistic that tools either currently exist or will exist in the future to rigorously address these questions (>85%) and that animal behaviour, as a field, should do more to encourage research works on emotions (>70%). We discuss implications for publication bias and future work in this area as well as ethical considerations regarding animal care and use.","PeriodicalId":21525,"journal":{"name":"Royal Society Open Science","volume":"11 11","pages":"241255"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11558068/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142626251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Enhancement of reactive oxygen species production by ultra-short electron pulses. 超短电子脉冲增强活性氧的产生。

IF 2.9 3区综合性期刊

Royal Society Open Science Pub Date : 2024-11-13 eCollection Date: 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.240898

J Tye, O Solgaard, R J England, J V Trapp, A Fielding, C P Brown

{"title":"Enhancement of reactive oxygen species production by ultra-short electron pulses.","authors":"J Tye, O Solgaard, R J England, J V Trapp, A Fielding, C P Brown","doi":"10.1098/rsos.240898","DOIUrl":"10.1098/rsos.240898","url":null,"abstract":"The development of laser-driven accelerators-on-chip has provided an opportunity to miniaturize devices for electron radiotherapy delivery. Laser-driven accelerators produce highly time-compressed electron pulses, on the 100 fs to 1 ps scale. This delivers electrons at high peak power yet low average beam current compared with conventional delivery devices, which generate pulses of approximately 3 µs. The biophysical effects of this time structure, however, are unclear. Here, we use a Monte Carlo simulation approach to explore the effects of the electron beam time structure on the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in water. Our results show a power law increase in the generation of hydroxyl ions per deposited electron with decreasing pulse length over the pulse length range of 10 µs to 100 fs. Similar trends were observed for hydrogen peroxide, superoxide, hydroperoxyl, hydronium and solvated electrons. In practical terms, this indicates a fourfold increase in the efficiency of free radical production for sub-picosecond pulses, relative to that of conventional microsecond pulses, for the same number of deposited electrons.","PeriodicalId":21525,"journal":{"name":"Royal Society Open Science","volume":"11 11","pages":"240898"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11557238/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142626274","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Evaluating vaccination timing, hesitancy and effectiveness to prevent future outbreaks: insights from COVID-19 modelling and transmission dynamics. 评估疫苗接种时机、犹豫性和有效性以预防未来疫情爆发：从 COVID-19 建模和传播动态中获得的启示。

IF 2.9 3区综合性期刊

Royal Society Open Science Pub Date : 2024-11-13 eCollection Date: 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.240833

Komal Tanwar, Nitesh Kumawat, Jai Prakash Tripathi, Sudipa Chauhan, Anuj Mubayi

{"title":"Evaluating vaccination timing, hesitancy and effectiveness to prevent future outbreaks: insights from COVID-19 modelling and transmission dynamics.","authors":"Komal Tanwar, Nitesh Kumawat, Jai Prakash Tripathi, Sudipa Chauhan, Anuj Mubayi","doi":"10.1098/rsos.240833","DOIUrl":"10.1098/rsos.240833","url":null,"abstract":"The COVID-19 vaccine has been available in India since January 2021, although many individuals have refused to take the vaccine for various reasons. Vaccination plays a crucial role in disease control by preventing a substantial number of cases and associated disabilities. However, vaccine hesitancy poses a barrier that hinders these efforts. Our article presents a novel approach by proposing a mathematical model for COVID-19 that incorporates vaccine hesitancy, vaccine efficacy and behaviour compensation post-vaccination. The model is calibrated with COVID-19 incidence data for India from 13 February 2021 to 12 January 2022, using the Markov chain Monte Carlo method. The analysis examines the effects of hesitancy and social interventions through a series of practical simulations. The simulation results show that while COVID-19-infected individuals may have natural immunity, vaccination post-recovery is crucial to reduce cases by up to 64.1%. Social interventions, such as face masks and distancing, remain essential to prevent a rise in cases and ensure effective disease control. The model demonstrates that vaccination, combined with continued social interventions, is crucial for effectively reducing COVID-19 cases and preventing future outbreaks. Addressing vaccine hesitancy and maintaining preventive measures are key to successfully controlling the pandemic.","PeriodicalId":21525,"journal":{"name":"Royal Society Open Science","volume":"11 11","pages":"240833"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11557246/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142626275","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Individual differences in music-induced interpersonal synchronization and self-other integration: the role of creativity and empathy. 音乐引发的人际同步和自他融合的个体差异：创造力和移情的作用。

IF 2.9 3区综合性期刊

Royal Society Open Science Pub Date : 2024-11-13 eCollection Date: 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.240654

Adrian Kempf, Pieter-Jan Maes, Canan Gener, Andrea Schiavio

{"title":"Individual differences in music-induced interpersonal synchronization and self-other integration: the role of creativity and empathy.","authors":"Adrian Kempf, Pieter-Jan Maes, Canan Gener, Andrea Schiavio","doi":"10.1098/rsos.240654","DOIUrl":"10.1098/rsos.240654","url":null,"abstract":"It has been demonstrated that moving together in synchrony to music makes us feel connected. Yet, little is known about the individual differences that shape the relationship between interpersonal synchronization to music and social bonding. The present research tests the hypothesis that this association is influenced by differences in empathy and creativity-two highly relevant factors in many musical activities. We implemented a synchronization task featuring a virtual drummer and measured self-other integration (SOI), a core component of social bonding. We employed a dual-measurement paradigm, incorporating both an explicit assessment (Inclusion of Other in the Self scale) and an implicit assessment (joint-Simon effect) of SOI. Surprisingly, our analysis did not reveal explicit and implicit measurements correlating, nor were they similarly affected by interpersonal synchronization. This raises questions about the assessment of SOI in interpersonal synchronization experiments. Furthermore, we observed no moderating role of empathy or creativity in the association between interpersonal synchronization and SOI. Nevertheless, we found creativity to correlate with SOI. In light of this finding, we recommend placing greater emphasis on creativity as a decisive factor in the study of musical interaction.","PeriodicalId":21525,"journal":{"name":"Royal Society Open Science","volume":"11 11","pages":"240654"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11569829/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142648628","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Rhythmic qualities of jazz improvisation predict performer identity and style in source-separated audio recordings. 爵士乐即兴演奏的节奏特质可预测源分离录音中演奏者的身份和风格。

IF 2.9 3区综合性期刊

Royal Society Open Science Pub Date : 2024-11-13 eCollection Date: 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.240920

Huw Cheston, Joshua L Schlichting, Ian Cross, Peter M C Harrison

{"title":"Rhythmic qualities of jazz improvisation predict performer identity and style in source-separated audio recordings.","authors":"Huw Cheston, Joshua L Schlichting, Ian Cross, Peter M C Harrison","doi":"10.1098/rsos.240920","DOIUrl":"10.1098/rsos.240920","url":null,"abstract":"Great musicians have a unique style and, with training, humans can learn to distinguish between these styles. What differences between performers enable us to make such judgements? We investigate this question by building a machine learning model that predicts performer identity from data extracted automatically from an audio recording. Such a model could be trained on all kinds of musical features, but here we focus specifically on rhythm, which (unlike harmony, melody and timbre) is relevant for any musical instrument. We demonstrate that a supervised learning model trained solely on rhythmic features extracted from 300 recordings of 10 jazz pianists correctly identified the performer in 59% of cases, six times better than chance. The most important features related to a performer's 'feel' (ensemble synchronization) and 'complexity' (information density). Further analysis revealed two clusters of performers, with those in the same cluster sharing similar rhythmic traits, and that the rhythmic style of each musician changed relatively little over the duration of their career. Our findings highlight the possibility that artificial intelligence can perform performer identification tasks normally reserved for experts. Links to each recording and the corresponding predictions are available on an interactive map to support future work in stylometry.","PeriodicalId":21525,"journal":{"name":"Royal Society Open Science","volume":"11 11","pages":"240920"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11557239/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142626277","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Ecological brain: reframing the study of human behaviour and cognition. 生态大脑：重构人类行为和认知研究。

IF 2.9 3区综合性期刊

Royal Society Open Science Pub Date : 2024-11-08 eCollection Date: 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.240762

Gabriella Vigliocco, Laura Convertino, Sara De Felice, Lara Gregorians, Viktor Kewenig, Marie A E Mueller, Sebastijan Veselic, Mirco Musolesi, Andrew Hudson-Smith, Nicholas Tyler, Eirini Flouri, Hugo J Spiers

{"title":"Ecological brain: reframing the study of human behaviour and cognition.","authors":"Gabriella Vigliocco, Laura Convertino, Sara De Felice, Lara Gregorians, Viktor Kewenig, Marie A E Mueller, Sebastijan Veselic, Mirco Musolesi, Andrew Hudson-Smith, Nicholas Tyler, Eirini Flouri, Hugo J Spiers","doi":"10.1098/rsos.240762","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1098/rsos.240762","url":null,"abstract":"The last decade has seen substantial advances in the capacity to record behaviour and neural activity in humans in real-world settings, to simulate real-world situations in laboratory settings and to apply sophisticated analyses to large-scale data. Along with these developments, a growing number of groups has begun to advocate for real-world neuroscience and cognitive science. Here, we review the arguments and the available methods for real-world research and outline an overarching framework that embeds key ideas proposed in the literature integrating them into a cyclic process of 'bringing the lab to the real world' (recording behavioural and neural activity in real-world settings) and 'bringing the real-world to the lab' (manipulating the environments in which behaviours occur in the laboratory) that combines exploratory and confirmatory research and is interdisciplinary (including those sciences concerned with the natural, built or virtual environment). We highlight the benefits brought by this framework emphasizing the greater potential for novel discovery, theory development and human-centred applications to the environment.","PeriodicalId":21525,"journal":{"name":"Royal Society Open Science","volume":"11 11","pages":"240762"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11544371/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142626264","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0