Saudi Medical Journal最新文献

{"title":"WHO calls for urgent action to ban flavoured tobacco and nicotine products.","authors":"","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21453,"journal":{"name":"Saudi Medical Journal","volume":"46 6","pages":"716-717"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12199631/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144294893","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Could strawberry tree extract prevent and treat gastrointestinal disorders?","authors":"","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21453,"journal":{"name":"Saudi Medical Journal","volume":"46 6","pages":"715"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12199633/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144294870","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between triptan use and ischemic events in patients with ischemic risk factors: A meta-analysis.","authors":"Fahad M Aldehaim, Abdulaziz A Alruways, Abdulaziz A Alfarhan, Saleh N Almunyif, Abdulmajeed Z Alhusainy, Omar H Albahli, Basil A Almutairi, Meshari M Alotaibi, Abdulaziz M Alotaibi, Anas E Alotaibi, Sultan S Aldalbahi, Muhammad Shabbir, Muath A Alammar","doi":"10.15537/smj.2025.46.6.20250106","DOIUrl":"10.15537/smj.2025.46.6.20250106","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To investigate the relationship between ischemic events and triptan use in patients having ischemic risk factors and evaluate the safety profile of these medications in vulnerable individuals.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A detailed search was done using Web of Science, Google Scholar, PubMed, and Medline, up to December 2024. Inclusion criteria encompassed studies focusing on triptan use in individuals having predisposing ischemic risk factors and comparing the incidence of ischemic events between those who use triptans and those who do not. Studies were excluded if they targeted patients without ischemic risk factors, did not assess triptan use, or lacked a comparative analysis between users of triptans and non-users.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>From an initial pool of 1,615 articles, f4 studies with a total sample size of 426,840 were involved in the study. The analysis revealed no significant statistical relationship between triptan use and ischemic events in patients with ischemic risk factors. Subgroup analysis of Ischemic Stroke (95% CI=0.70-8.78; <i>p</i>=0.16, I²=97.7%), Myocardial Infarction (95% CI = 0.44-2.39; <i>p</i>=0.95, I²= 96.1%) and All-cause Mortality events (95% CI=0.33-1.58; <i>p</i>=0.44, I²=98.8%).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our findings indicate that the use of triptan is not linked to a higher risk of ischemic events, indicating that triptans can be a safe therapeutic option for managing migraines in patients with ischemic risk factors. Nevertheless, Additional research is required to assess the long-term safety of triptans, particularly in high-risk populations. Limitations include the inclusion of only four studies, a limited body of literature available for comparison, and discrepancies in follow-up durations across the included studies.<b>PROSPERO Reg. No.: CRD42024580419</b>.</p>","PeriodicalId":21453,"journal":{"name":"Saudi Medical Journal","volume":"46 6","pages":"608-616"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12199639/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144294868","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effects of pain types on pain intensity and quality of life according to the mechanism in chronic neck pain.","authors":"Halil E Akkurt, Savaş Karpuz, Ramazan Yılmaz, Fatih Güreş, Seda Ç Güreş, Kemal Erol, Halim Yılmaz","doi":"10.15537/smj.2025.46.6.20240394","DOIUrl":"10.15537/smj.2025.46.6.20240394","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To determine the prevalence of different pain mechanisms, including nociplastic pain, and the effects of these pain mechanisms on disability, pain intensity and quality of life in patients with chronic neck pain.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Between November 2022 and January 2023, 200 patients (mean age: 56.54±12.08 years) with chronic neck pain were included in the study. Neuropathic pain was identified by the painDETECT scale. Clinical criteria and a grading system were used to identify nociplastic pain affecting the musculoskeletal system. Pain intensity was as assessed using the visual analog scale, the pain catastrophizing by the pain catastrophizing scale, the disability status by the neck disability index (NDI), and the quality of life by the 36-item short form survey.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 53 (26.5%) participants had nociceptive pain, 29 (14.5%) had possible neuropathic pain, 22 (11%) had neuropathic pain, 35 (17.5%) had possible nociplastic pain, and 61 (30.5%) had probable nociplastic pain. Visual analog scale and NDI scores were higher in patients with neuropathic pain or nociplastic pain than in those with nociceptive pain (<i>p</i><0.00).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study demonstrates that nociplastic pain is present in individuals with chronic neck pain and may be linked to meaningful differences in pain severity, functional impairment, and overall quality of life.<b>ClinicalTrials.gov Reg. No.: NCT05581446</b>.</p>","PeriodicalId":21453,"journal":{"name":"Saudi Medical Journal","volume":"46 6","pages":"695-701"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12199641/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144294890","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Can engaging in social activities prolong life?","authors":"","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21453,"journal":{"name":"Saudi Medical Journal","volume":"46 6","pages":"714"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12199640/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144294869","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The impact of antibiotic prophylaxis appropriateness, duration and associated cost on the rate of surgical site infection at a tertiary hospital in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia: A retrospective study.","authors":"Amal Bin Akresh, Deema S Alzeet, Njoud Z Alshalan, Marwa M Alhawsawi, Nada A Alsaleh, Reem A Binsuwaidan, Alaa A Alhubaishi, Abdulaziz I Altowaijri, Najla N Alebedah, Nisreen M Sherbeeni, Lina I Alnajjar","doi":"10.15537/smj.2025.46.6.20241061","DOIUrl":"10.15537/smj.2025.46.6.20241061","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To evaluate the incidence of surgical site infections (SSIs) based on compliance with surgical antibiotic protocols and the duration of surgical antibiotic prophylaxis (SAP). Secondary objectives include assessing 30-day rehospitalization rates, 30-day mortality, antibiotic-associated adverse events, and the estimated additional costs of prolonged antibiotic use in patients receiving long courses of antibiotics.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective observational study was conducted at Prince Sultan Military Medical City from 2021 to 2022. It included adult patients who underwent elective surgery and received antibiotic prophylaxis. Patients were divided into 4 groups based on SAP compliance and prophylaxis duration. Using data from electronic medical records, we analyzed the relationship between the appropriateness and duration of SAP and the incidence of SSIs.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 375 patients were included, with 3% developing SSIs within 30 days and 8% requiring rehospitalization within the same period. No statistically significant differences were observed between groups regarding SSI incidence (<i>p</i>=0.352) or rehospitalization rates (<i>p</i>=0.051). The direct medication costs for patients receiving antibiotics for more than 24 hours totaled 7949.54 Saudi Riyal (SAR), with additional discharge costs of 2573.65 SAR.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Extending antibiotic prophylaxis beyond 24 hours did not reduce the risk of SSIs and resulted in unnecessary additional costs, highlighting the need for adherence to established guidelines.</p>","PeriodicalId":21453,"journal":{"name":"Saudi Medical Journal","volume":"46 6","pages":"688-694"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12199636/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144294891","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trends in diabetes mellitus prevalence and gender disparities in Jazan, Saudi Arabia: A retrospective analysis.","authors":"Mohammed A Jeraiby, Jobran M Moshi, Sama M Maashi, Ali I Shubaili, Mayssa S Nadeem, Siddig I Abdelwahab, Manal M Taha, Ajiad Alhazmi","doi":"10.15537/smj.2025.46.6.202501212","DOIUrl":"10.15537/smj.2025.46.6.202501212","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To analyze the prevalence of DM focusing on demographic trends, gender disparities, and age distribution. Additionally, it evaluates diabetes control rates.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective cross-sectional study examined DM trends (2021-2023). It included patients with type 1 or type 2 DM from various healthcare settings.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The number overall number of diabetes cases has grown from 41,876 in 2021 to 46,889 in 2023, reflecting an annual rise of 5.7% (2022) and 6% (2023). The majority of cases (85.1%) were observed in individuals aged 40 and above, having the greatest prevalence in the 50-59 age group (25.3%). A significant gender disparity was found, with 54.4% of cases occurring in males and 45.6% in females (χ²=355.539, degrees of freedom=1, <i>p</i><0.001), indicating a statistically significant association between gender and diabetes prevalence. The proportion of controlled diabetes cases fluctuated, accounting for 44.1% in 2021, 42% in 2022, and 44% in 2023.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The findings indicate a steady increase in DM prevalence in Jazan, with significant age and gender disparities. The study underscores the need for early screening programs, targeted lifestyle interventions, and improved diabetes management strategies to address the growing burden of the disease.</p>","PeriodicalId":21453,"journal":{"name":"Saudi Medical Journal","volume":"46 6","pages":"617-623"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12199607/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144294892","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Osteoporosis screening practice at the National Guard affiliated primary care centers, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.","authors":"Moath Abdulmohsen Alkathiri, Duaa Abdullah Alammari","doi":"10.15537/smj.2025.46.6.20240944","DOIUrl":"10.15537/smj.2025.46.6.20240944","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To assess the use of osteoporosis screening tests in average-risk individuals at primary healthcare centers affiliated with the Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, between 2016 and 2023.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data were presented using frequencies n (%), mean, and standard deviation. Chi-square, t-test, and ANOVA tests were used for bivariate comparisons to evaluate test completion and prevalence estimates of osteopenia and osteoporosis. Binary logistic regression models were used to identify the factors associated with high odds of bone mineral density (BMD) test ordering and completion. For all analyses, a <i>p</i>≤0.05 was considered statistically significant.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We retrieved and analyzed data from 5,965 unique women. Analysis showed 4,075 BMD order requests; only 1,017 (25%) orders were completed by 894 women, representing only 15% of all women included in this study. Osteoporosis was found in 274 (26.9%) tests and osteopenia in 540 tests (53.1%). Factors like patient's age, facility, number of outpatient visits, ordering staff title, and year of order were assessed to predict high utilization and completion of BMD test.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This research showed that although osteoporosis is a serious public health concern causing significant morbidity and mortality, there is still a gap in osteoporosis screening practices within primary care settings. Also, it sheds light on some factors that may predict physicians' high utilization of BMD tests and patients' completion rates.</p>","PeriodicalId":21453,"journal":{"name":"Saudi Medical Journal","volume":"46 6","pages":"649-658"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12199608/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144294787","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Patterns of dermatological emergencies at a tertiary hospital in Southwestern Saudi Arabia: A descriptive study.","authors":"Hamad A Alfahaad","doi":"10.15537/smj.2025.46.6.20250004","DOIUrl":"10.15537/smj.2025.46.6.20250004","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To examine the patterns and characteristics of dermatological emergencies managed at a tertiary hospital in the Southwest Region of Saudi Arabia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study employed a retrospective cross-sectional design conducted at King Khalid Hospital in Najran, Saudi Arabia. The study included patients who either visited the dermatology or emergency departments or were hospitalized due to dermatological conditions treated between January 2019 and December 2024.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study included 126 patients, with an almost equal distribution of males (50.8%) and females (49.2%), predominantly Saudi nationals (78.6%). Most patients were aged 18-60 (65.1%) years. The most common skin lesion was vesiculobullous (23.3%), and infectious diseases (42%) were the leading diagnoses. Lesions were mainly generalized (43.7%). Outcomes showed 31% full recovery, 59% recovery with complications, and 10% mortality. Complications included hepatitis (24%) and hyperpigmentation/hypopigmentation (23%). Most patients (77%) had no co-morbidities. All received supportive treatments, with 88.9% given systemic therapies, predominantly systemic steroids (42%).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study highlights the diverse spectrum of dermatological emergencies at a tertiary hospital in Southwest Saudi Arabia, emphasizing the predominance of infectious diseases and significant complications faced by patients. The findings underscore the need for comprehensive management strategies and prompt interventions to improve patient outcomes. Enhanced understanding of demographic factors, common diagnoses, and treatment patterns can guide future healthcare policies and resource sallocation.</p>","PeriodicalId":21453,"journal":{"name":"Saudi Medical Journal","volume":"46 6","pages":"629-637"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12199650/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144294789","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Physical activity levels among college students in Saudi Arabia.","authors":"Sarah S Bajuaifer, Naif Z Alrashdi","doi":"10.15537/smj.2025.46.6.20240073","DOIUrl":"10.15537/smj.2025.46.6.20240073","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To synthesize the literature on Saudi college students physical activity (PA) levels, barriers, and facilitators, as well as the proportion of college students meeting WHO-recommended PA guidelines METHODS: A comprehensive search strategy was developed, and the databases PubMed, CINAHL, and Scopus were searched for relevant studies. The systematic review protocol was registered in PROSPERO and the PRISMA reporting guidelines were followed. Studies that enrolled Saudi college students and reported PA levels, barriers to PA, facilitators of PA, or adherence to WHO PA recommendations were included. Reviews, animal studies, and conference proceedings were excluded. The quality of the studies was assessed with a relevant study quality assessment tools and data were extracted and synthesized from all the included studies.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 44 studies were included, with a combined sample of 29,580 students. Most of these studies used cross-sectional designs and self-reported PA levels using various scales, with the International Physical Activity Questionnaire being the most common one. The results show that a substantial proportion of students exhibited low PA levels, with only 27% meeting WHO-recommended PA cutoffs. The barriers to engaging in PA included lack of time, motivation, and facilities, while the facilitators comprised health benefits, social support, and weight management.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Physical activity levels among Saudi university students are concerningly low, with many failing to meet the WHO-recommended PA cutoffs. Barriers such as time constraints and limited resources must be addressed through culturally tailored interventions, improved infrastructure, and awareness campaigns. Future scholars should conduct longitudinal studies and employ objective measures of PA to further inform public-health policy.<b>PROSPERO Reg. No.:</b> CRD42024542313.</p>","PeriodicalId":21453,"journal":{"name":"Saudi Medical Journal","volume":"46 6","pages":"587-607"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12199643/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144294790","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}