Saudi Medical Journal最新文献

{"title":"Prevalence of Hyperprolactinemia and Its Association with Menstrual Abnormalities and Hypothyroidism among Infertile Women: <i>A Cross-Sectional Study from Saudi Arabia</i>.","authors":"Aseel Y Alwahhabi, Rahaf H Labban, Maryam Y Alshaikh, Amal M Alanazi, Samaher S Alfaraj, Fahad M Alsalman, Hayat A Alrabiea","doi":"10.15537/1658-3175.8813","DOIUrl":"10.15537/1658-3175.8813","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To determine the prevalence of hyperprolactinemia among infertile women and assess its association with menstrual irregularities and hypothyroidism in a tertiary-care setting in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional study was conducted between September 2022 and August 2023 at the Reproductive Endocrinology and IVF Unit, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Riyadh. Electronic medical records of 480 infertile women who met the inclusion criteria were reviewed. Data on demographic characteristics, infertility type, thyroid status, and serum prolactin levels were collected and analyzed using SAS version 9.4. Statistical significance was set at <i>p</i> < 0.05.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Hyperprolactinemia was identified in 27.7% of infertile women, most commonly in the age group 31-40 years (<i>p</i> = 0.006). Hypothyroidism was present in 17.5% of the study population, with hyperprolactinemia observed in 22.6% of these patients (<i>p</i> = 0.33). Although prolactin levels significantly differed between women with regular and irregular cycles (<i>p</i> = 0.03), the frequency of hyperprolactinemia was similar (<i>p</i> = 0.44). Menstrual irregularity was more closely linked with higher BMI and LH levels.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Hyperprolactinemia is a common finding among infertile women in Saudi Arabia. However, no significant association was observed between hyperprolactinemia and hypothyroidism or menstrual irregularities. Routine screening for serum prolactin levels in infertility evaluations is recommended to ensure timely diagnosis and management.</p>","PeriodicalId":21453,"journal":{"name":"Saudi Medical Journal","volume":"47 7","pages":"1240-1245"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13264152/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148252879","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Polysomnographic and Clinical Characteristics of Narcolepsy in Saudi Arabia: <i>A 12-Year Retrospective Study</i>.","authors":"Banan Almalki, Omar Kanbr, Ghufran Bin Afeef, Shaimaa Hawsawi, Ranya Alshumrani, Faris Alhejaili, Siraj Wali","doi":"10.15537/1658-3175.8812","DOIUrl":"10.15537/1658-3175.8812","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To evaluate the clinical features, polysomnographic findings, and therapeutic outcomes of narcolepsy type 1 and type 2 patients in Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA). Narcolepsy is a neurological condition marked by excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) and associated symptoms, including cataplexy and disrupted nighttime sleep. Data on narcolepsy in KSA are still limited.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Forty-three patients diagnosed with narcolepsy from 2012 to 2024 were included in this retrospective study. Diagnosis followed the International Classification of Sleep Disorders criteria and incorporated clinical features, the epworth sleepiness scale (ESS), overnight polysomnography (PSG), and multiple sleep latency testing (MSLT). Data on demographics, clinical symptoms, PSG parameters, and treatment were analyzed. Posttreatment ESS scores were collected via an electronic survey.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>All patients reported EDS, and 53.5% had cataplexy. Time of diagnosis mean age was 28.9 ± 14.4 years, with a diagnostic delay of 5.3 ± 3.0 years. Patients with narcolepsy type (NT)1 had significantly higher baseline ESS scores (19.6 versus (vs.) 16.9, <i>p</i> = 0.031) and shorter mean sleep latency (2.1 vs. 4.3 minutes, <i>p</i> = 0.008). Treatment, predominantly with modafinil (69%), significantly reduced ESS scores from 18.4 ± 4.2 to 9.2 ± 2.4 (<i>p</i> < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Compared with NT2, NT1 is slightly more common and is characterized by more severe sleepiness and shorter sleep latency time. The diagnostic delay remains substantial, but treatment is effective in reducing EDS.</p>","PeriodicalId":21453,"journal":{"name":"Saudi Medical Journal","volume":"47 7","pages":"1231-1239"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13264154/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148252867","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrating Traditional and Complementary Medicine into Saudi Primary Care: <i>A Literature Review in Light of the WHO 2025-2034 Strategy</i>.","authors":"Abeer Al Shahrani","doi":"10.15537/1658-3175.8801","DOIUrl":"10.15537/1658-3175.8801","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) is widely practiced in Saudi Arabia, particularly for health promotion and chronic diseases management. Despite cultural acceptance and high utilization, CAM remains largely unintegrated within the formal healthcare system, particularly in primary care settings. The newly adopted World Health Organization (WHO) Traditional, complementary, and integrative medicine (TCIM) Strategy 2025-2034 offers a global framework for evidence-based, culturally appropriate integration of TCIM into national systems. This review evaluates the status of CAM in Saudi Arabia in light of strategic objectives outlined in the WHO Strategy: building the evidence base, ensuring quality and safety, integrating into health systems, and promoting cross-sectoral engagement. While regulatory foundations have been established through the National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine (NCCAM), challenges persist in clinical integration, research, and training. Aligning CAM with Saudi Arabia's Vision 2030 health reforms-particularly through primary care-presents a timely opportunity for strategic integration to enhance patients-centered care.</p>","PeriodicalId":21453,"journal":{"name":"Saudi Medical Journal","volume":"47 7","pages":"1133-1140"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13264144/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148252898","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Etiology, Management, and Outcomes of Hospitalized Heart Failure Patients: <i>A Single-Center Study</i>.","authors":"Adil I Jumani, Ghada A Rashwan, Hadiza O Ibrahim, Safaa M Almohdar, Khaled M Alfakih","doi":"10.15537/1658-3175.8805","DOIUrl":"10.15537/1658-3175.8805","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To describe the clinical characteristics, etiologies, management patterns, and outcomes of hospitalized heart failure patients in a tertiary care military hospital in United Arab Emirates (UAE), and to benchmark guideline directed medical therapy (GDMT) uptake and care models against regional and international registries.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We retrospectively reviewed all consecutive patients admitted with a primary diagnosis of heart failure between January and December 2024, at Zayed Military Hospital, UAE. Clinical data were extracted from electronic medical records. The GDMT adherence was assessed according to the 2022 American Heart Association (AHA)/ American College of Cardiology (ACC) and 2023 European Society of Cardiology (ESC) heart failure guidelines, and outcomes were compared between cardiology-led and non-cardiology services.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 152 patients (69% male; mean age 68.5 years), 57% had heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF), 24% mildly reduced, and 19% preserved ejection fraction. Ischemic heart disease was the most common etiology (58.6%). Compared with published Gulf registries, GDMT uptake in HFrEF was high: angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEi)/ angiotensin receptor blocker (ARB)/ angiotensin receptor-neprilysin inhibitors (ARNI) (82.8%), beta-blockers (94.3%), and sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors (74.7%). In contrast, mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists were markedly underused (21.8%). HFpEF patients had the highest 180-day readmission rate (41.4%). Cardiology-led care was associated with higher GDMT uptake, shorter length of stay, and improved follow-up and readmission outcomes.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This cohort demonstrates improved adoption of evidence-based heart failure therapies compared with regional data, but highlights a persistent mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists (MRA) treatment gap. Cardiology-led inpatient management is associated with superior GDMT implementation and clinical outcomes, underscoring the importance of specialist-driven care pathways.</p>","PeriodicalId":21453,"journal":{"name":"Saudi Medical Journal","volume":"47 7","pages":"1168-1174"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13264142/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148252762","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Anesthetic Agents on Middle Ear Pressure: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.","authors":"Nasser Almujaiwel, Reem Alkublan, Latifah Almakoshi","doi":"10.15537/1658-3175.8799","DOIUrl":"10.15537/1658-3175.8799","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To assess and compare the effects of these agents on middle ear pressure (MEP). Anesthetic agents can significantly alter MEP, which is a critical factor in middle ear surgeries that require stability to prevent complications. Different anesthetics, including inhalational and intravenous agents, have varying effects on MEP.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A systematic search was conducted across PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane Library, and Scopus, following preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analysis (PRISMA) guidelines. Studies that evaluated MEP changes before and after anesthesia using tympanometry were included. Relevant data, such as anesthetic type, patient demographics, MEP measurements, and reported complications, were extracted. A meta-analysis using a random-effects model was conducted to account for variability across studies.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Twelve studies, including 980 patients aged 2-76 years, were analyzed. Desflurane caused the most significant increase in the MEP. Isoflurane showed minimal changes in MEP, making it a safer option for middle-ear surgery. Total intravenous anesthesia (TIVA) with propofol maintained stable MEP, highlighting its suitability for these procedures. Nitrous oxide decreased MEP postoperatively but posed risks during the early phases of administration, especially in patients with eustachian tube dysfunctions. Dexmedetomidine significantly elevated MEP, while halothane, alone or combined with nitrous oxide, had negligible effects on MEP.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The findings of this study reveal that isoflurane and TIVA with propofol are suitable anesthetic options for middle ear surgery due to their minimal impact on MEPs. In contrast, desflurane and sevoflurane should be used cautiously because they can significantly elevate MEP.</p>","PeriodicalId":21453,"journal":{"name":"Saudi Medical Journal","volume":"47 7","pages":"1115-1123"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13264156/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148252802","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identification of Risk Factors for Renal Insufficiency in Primary Membranous Nephropathy.","authors":"Lin Qi, Bolong Fang, Xiao Fang, Yamin Yu, Yunqiang Wang","doi":"10.15537/1658-3175.8804","DOIUrl":"10.15537/1658-3175.8804","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To identify possible evidence linking certain characteristics associated with primary membranous nephropathy (PMN) to renal failure progression in patients diagnosed with PMN and to establish probable evidence of an association between PMN and other risk factors leading to end-stage renal failure.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A historical investigation was carried out including 436 subjects with PMN, with or without renal insufficiency, who were treated at the No. 82 Division Defense Medical Center of the People's Liberation Army and Liaocheng People's Medical Center during January 2020 and December 2023. Binary logistic regression study was applied to determine possible hazard elements. Binary logistic regression analysis was employed to identify potential risk factors, while the diagnostic capabilities of statistically significant continuous variables were assessed through detector performance feature receiver operating characteristic (ROC) plots.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Dichotomous logit regression study detected age, blood uric acid level, 24-hour urinary protein level, crescent formation, and renal tubular atrophy/interstitial fibrosis as independent risk factors for renal insufficiency, while hemoglobin level was a protective factor. The ROC analysis showed that age, 24-hour urine protein, and uric acid level had areas under the curve of 0.711 (<i>p</i> < 0.05), 0.652 (<i>p</i> < 0.05), and 0.60 (<i>p</i> < 0.05), with optimal threshold values of 52.5 years, 4.815 g/24 hour, and 446.5 μmol/L.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Advanced age, hyperuricemia, anemia, high proteinuria, crescent formation, and renal tubular atrophy/interstitial fibrosis are significant risk factors for renal insufficiency in PMN patients. These findings may help to facilitate risk categorization and referral patterns.</p>","PeriodicalId":21453,"journal":{"name":"Saudi Medical Journal","volume":"47 7","pages":"1160-1167"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13264151/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148252853","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of Raqeem Health Information System in Primary Healthcare Centers in Makkah, Saudi Arabia, Using the DeLone and McLean Information System Success Model.","authors":"Ali M Alzahrani, Holly C Felix","doi":"10.15537/1658-3175.8803","DOIUrl":"10.15537/1658-3175.8803","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To evaluate the implementation of Raqeem, a new Electronic Health Information Systems (EHIS) implemented at primary healthcare centers (PHCs) in Makkah. Implementing EHIS requires huge investments, making evaluation of systems success important.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this cross-sectional survey design study, a developed questionnaire guided by DeLone and McLean Information System success model (D&M model) was used to collect data from PHCs' providers. Descriptive and structural equation modeling (SEM) techniques were performed to describe and examine the association between the model's constructs and assess Raqeem success.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 490 providers submitted completed records and were included in this study. The SEM revealed that system quality is significantly and positively associated with use (β = 0.38, p <0.001) and user satisfaction (β = 0.13, p <0.001); information quality is significantly and positively associated with use (β = 0.33, p <0.001) and user satisfaction (β = 0.13, p <0.001); and service quality is significantly and positively associated with use (β=0.23, p <0.001) and user satisfaction (β = 0.08, p = 0.003). Use of the system was significantly and positively associated with user satisfaction (β = 0.40, p <0.001) and perceived net benefits (β = 0.34, p <0.001). Finally, user satisfaction was significantly and positively associated with perceived net benefits (β = 0.73, p <0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This evaluation showed overall positive views suggesting implementation success. However, lower scores were observed for service quality, suggesting a need to address that component. Our study also found support for the D&M model of EHIS system implementation.</p>","PeriodicalId":21453,"journal":{"name":"Saudi Medical Journal","volume":"47 7","pages":"1150-1159"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13264153/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148252861","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of the Effects of Incubator and Radiant Environments on Physiological Criteria and Pain-Stress Levels during Heel Lance in Neonates in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit: A Randomized Controlled Trial.","authors":"Sezin Gürsu, Birsen Karaca Saydam, Oğuzhan Kalkanlı","doi":"10.15537/1658-3175.8806","DOIUrl":"10.15537/1658-3175.8806","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To compare the effects of incubator and radiant heat on physiological criteria and pain-stress levels during heel prick procedures in newborns in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This randomized controlled quasi-experimental study was conducted between June and December 2023 with newborns diagnosed with IHB hospitalized at a NICU in Turkey. Prior to the heel prick procedure, 72 newborns (gestational age: 37-41 weeks) were randomly and equally assigned to either a radiant heater or an incubator setting. Physiological parameters (temperature, SpO₂, heart rate [HR]) and pain-stress scores of the newborns were measured and compared in both settings.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>No statistically significant differences were found in the descriptive characteristics of newborns between the incubator and radiant heater groups. When comparing physiological parameters and pain-stress scores, there were no significant differences in SpO₂, and HR, or pain-stress levels between the groups; however, body temperature was significantly higher in the radiant heater group. During the heel prick procedure, both groups showed significant changes in body temperature, SpO₂, HR, and pain-stress scores across the three time points (before, during, and after the procedure).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Although body temperature increased significantly in the radiant heater environment compared with the incubator environment, this difference did not appear to play a vital role in affecting the physiological parameters of the newborn.</p>","PeriodicalId":21453,"journal":{"name":"Saudi Medical Journal","volume":"47 7","pages":"1175-1183"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13264146/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148252585","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Predictive Model for Cytomegalovirus Infection Using Routine Hematological and Biochemical Parameters: <i>A Pilot Study</i>.","authors":"Ahmad A Shaikh, Mofareh H Alabdaly, Nabil A Ageeli, Sultan Z Alasmari, Adel M Abo Mansour, Mohammed H Makkawi","doi":"10.15537/1658-3175.8809","DOIUrl":"10.15537/1658-3175.8809","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To examine whether hematological and biochemical parameters assist in diagnosing cytomegalovirus (CMV) infections and differentiating between CMV-G and CMV-M. Cytomegalovirus causes distinct hematological changes that can serve as markers for diagnosis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective analysis was conducted on 54 patients infected with CMV (25 CMV-G and 29 CMV-M) and 82 healthy controls. Age, gender, and routine hematological and biochemical parameters were evaluated. Receiver operating characteristics (ROC) analysis and logistic regression were used for data analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In comparison to controls, laboratory findings of patients with CMV-G revealed characteristic decreases in red blood cells (RBC), hemoglobin (HGB), hematocrit (HCT), and platelets (<i>p</i> < 0.05); those with CMV-M showed reductions in the same parameters alongside elevation of monocytes, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), total iron-binding capacity (TIBC) and AST-to-platelet ratio index (APRI) (<i>p</i> < 0.05). The most effective blood markers for differentiating CMV-G patients from controls were RBC, HGB, HCT, mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH), platelets, AST, ferritin, APRI and Fibrosis-4 (FIB-4) meanwhile, for CMV-M patients, distinguishing markers were RBC, HGB, HCT, MCH, monocytes, platelets, AST, TIBC, APRI and FIB-4. The best predictors for distinguishing CMV-M from CMV-G were TIBC, AST, HCT, monocytes, HGB, ALT, APRI and FIB-4 all with area under the curve values greater than 0.6 (<i>p</i> < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Hematological and biochemical indicators can successfully distinguish CMV infections, with TIBC, AST, HCT, monocytes, HGB, ALT, APRI and FIB-4 being potentially useful for discriminating CMV-M from CMV-G. These findings could help predict CMV-infected patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":21453,"journal":{"name":"Saudi Medical Journal","volume":"47 7","pages":"1202-1209"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13264155/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148252577","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Impact of Exercise Intervention on Pulmonary and Physical Function in Patients With Cystic Fibrosis: <i>A Comprehensive Systematic Review</i>.","authors":"Abdullilah Alghamdi, Muroj Al-Attas, Abrar Radhi, Amnah Alfaqih, Bashair Aljabri, Rawan Alharbi, Sumayyah Alsubaie, Raneem Aljawaied, Sarah Alenazi, Ahlam Mazi, Ebtehal Qulisy","doi":"10.15537/1658-3175.8798","DOIUrl":"10.15537/1658-3175.8798","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To evaluate the effect of various exercise interventions on lung function, specifically forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV₁), maximum inspiratory pressure (MIP), and maximum expiratory pressure (MEP), as well as on cardiorespiratory fitness (peak oxygen uptake [VO₂peak]), and muscle strength (handgrip strength). The review also considers factors such as patient adherence, follow-up duration, and statistical significance to inform clinical practice.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This systematic review followed preferred reporting items for systematic review and meta-analysis (PRISMA) guidelines and was prospectively registered in international prospective register of systematic reviews. PubMed, Google Scholar, OVID, and Web of Science were systematically searched. Eligible studies were randomized controlled trials enrolling cystic fibrosis (CF) patients aged 7 or older, reporting outcomes related to pulmonary function, cardiorespiratory fitness, or muscle strength following aerobic, resistance, or mixed exercise interventions.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 1,033 articles were identified through the database search. After screening and eligibility assessment, 4 randomized controlled trials involving 156 participants met the inclusion criteria. Both supervised and wearable activity tracker (WAT)-based exercise programs significantly improved VO₂peak and exercise capacity, as demonstrated by the 6-minute walk test. Home-based programs enhanced upper limb muscle strength. However, improvements in FEV₁ were inconsistent and tended to decline without ongoing training. No adverse events were reported.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Structured exercise, particularly WAT based or supervised, supports better physical fitness in CF. Standardized protocols, longer-term follow-up, diverse participant inclusion, and strategies to improve adherence are needed in future research.</p>","PeriodicalId":21453,"journal":{"name":"Saudi Medical Journal","volume":"47 7","pages":"1105-1114"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13264148/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148252870","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}