Saudi Medical Journal最新文献

{"title":"Does sleep apnea treatment influence patients' risk of getting into car accidents?","authors":"","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21453,"journal":{"name":"Saudi Medical Journal","volume":"46 2","pages":"206"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11822921/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143399850","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In this issue.","authors":"","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21453,"journal":{"name":"Saudi Medical Journal","volume":"46 2","pages":"115"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11822925/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143399870","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Risk factors for depression symptoms in adolescents: A population-based study.","authors":"Dewinda Candrarukmi, Fitri Hartanto, Tunjung Wibowo, Hari W Nugroho, Moh S Anam, Braghmandita W Indraswari, Qodri Santosa, Nazliah Hanum","doi":"10.15537/smj.2025.46.2.20240914","DOIUrl":"10.15537/smj.2025.46.2.20240914","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To ascertain the prevalence of depressive symptoms and identify related risk factors among adolescents.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional survey was carried out using an online questionnaire completed by 1,413 adolescents from Central Java and Yogyakarta Provinces، Indonesia. The validated Indonesian version of the Children's Depression Inventory (CDI) was used to evaluate depressive symptoms.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Symptoms of depression were identified in 28.5% of participants. Multivariate analysis revealed important risk factors, including female gender (OR 3.962, 95% CI 2.684-5.849), having mother who is a housewife (OR 4.155, 95% CI 1.424-12.126) or works in labor/farming/self-employment (OR 3.665, 95% CI 1.216-11.051), residing with a biological father (OR 5.386, 95% CI 1.458-19.894) or non-parental guardians (OR 1.826, 95% CI 1.059-3.146), and lack of siblings (OR 1.459, 95% CI 1.057-2.013). Behavioral factors such as abnormal sleep duration (<6 hours or >8 hours per night, OR 3.750, 95% CI 2.833-4.964), smoking (OR 4.272, 95% CI 2.110-8.649), frequent consumption of sugary beverages (>3 times/week, OR 2.472, 95% CI 1.623-3.765), and chronic illnesses requiring regular medication (OR 2.057, 95% CI 1.177-3.595) were also strongly linked to depressive symptoms.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study reveals the increased prevalence of depressive symptoms in adolescents and highlights the complex interplay of demographic, behavioral, and social determinants. Findings emphasize the necessity for targeted, evidence-based interventions to enhance adolescent mental health.</p>","PeriodicalId":21453,"journal":{"name":"Saudi Medical Journal","volume":"46 2","pages":"190-198"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11822932/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143399928","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between factor I fibrinogen (rs6050) and factor XI plasma thromboplastin (rs4253417) genetic polymorphisms and recurrent spontaneous miscarriage in Saudi women.","authors":"Aaishah M Kaabi, Afrah F Alkhuriji, Zeneb A Babay, Ibrahim A Barakat, Abdullah M Kaabi, Reem M Kaabi","doi":"10.15537/smj.2025.46.2.20240692","DOIUrl":"10.15537/smj.2025.46.2.20240692","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To identify genetic polymorphisms in factor I fibrinogen (rs6050) and factor XI plasma thromboplastin (rs4253417) in Saudi women with recurrent spontaneous miscarriage (RSM). Furthermore, to compare the levels of clotting factors in the blood of patients and healthy controls.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The current study was conducted at the King Khalid University Hospital in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, from September 2022 to June 2023. The study involved 100 Saudi women, 50 pregnant and 50 non-pregnant individuals, who experienced RSM. Furthermore, 100 healthy Saudi women, including 50 pregnant and 50 non-pregnant individuals, were also included as controls. TaqMan genotyping assays were used to determine single nucleotide polymorphisms in the promoter regions of the factor I and XI genes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A significant correlation was found between the Factor I fibrinogen genotype (rs6050 C/T) and RSM in non-pregnant Saudi women. However, no significant correlation was observed between the Factor XI polymorphism (rs4253417 C/T) and RSM.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>We demonstrated a significant correlation between genetic polymorphisms in factor I fibrinogen in certain genes studied and RSM. This association could be attributed to changes in fibrinogen levels, which impact the coagulation process and lead to an increase in thrombotic events, which are recognized as risk factors for miscarriage. Notably, variations in the other genes examined did not exhibit any association with the risk of RSM.</p>","PeriodicalId":21453,"journal":{"name":"Saudi Medical Journal","volume":"46 2","pages":"150-156"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11822937/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143399827","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Management of trigger finger (stenosing tenosynovitis).","authors":"","doi":"10.15537/smj.2025.46.2.20240085","DOIUrl":"10.15537/smj.2025.46.2.20240085","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21453,"journal":{"name":"Saudi Medical Journal","volume":"46 2","pages":"202"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11822929/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143399871","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"GLP-1RA and SGLT2i utilization in people with type 2 diabetes with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) or at high risk of ASCVD in the Gulf Region: Results from the PACT-MEA studys.","authors":"Waleed A Al-Dahi, Saeed H Khalaf, Dalal A AlRomaihi, Naji M Alamuddin, Hessa M Al Kandari, Doaa K Abdalla, Hanan Y Alfadehla, Amin A Jayyousi, Mashhood A Siddique, Usama A AlAlami, Guruprasad C Subbarao, Shashikanth J Chetty, Jehan A Abdulla","doi":"10.15537/smj.2025.46.2.20240620","DOIUrl":"10.15537/smj.2025.46.2.20240620","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To provide insights into the real-world usage of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) and sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) among individuals with type 2 diabetes (T2D) from Bahrain, Kuwait, and Qatar who either had established atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (eASCVD) or were at high risk of developing ASCVD.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study of 1062 adults diagnosed with T2D from Bahrain, Kuwait, and Qatar is a sub-analysis within the Prevalence and Clinical Management of Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Diseases in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes across Countries in the Middle East and Africa (PACT-MEA) study, a noninterventional, cross-sectional study. Participants were recruited from 13 primary or secondary care facilities between March and August 2022. Medical records of participants were reviewed to extract relevant data, including demographic characteristics, eASCVD status, ASCVD risk and glucose-lowering treatment. Appropriate descriptive and inferential statistical tests were performed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among T2D participants with eASCVD, a significantly higher proportion (41.3%) received SGLT2i compared to GLP-1RA (10.5%, <i>p</i><0.001). There were notable variations in GLP-1RA/SGLT2i utilization across countries (<i>p</i><0.001): being lowest in Bahrain (2.3%/18.0%), 26.9%/58.2% in Kuwait and 10.5%/67.1% in Qatar. The use of both medications was significantly higher in individuals with body mass index (BMI) ≥30 kg/m² (<i>p</i><0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Despite these cardioprotective agents being recommended by guidelines, the study findings suggest a suboptimal use of GLP-1RA and SGLT2i in a real-world setting.</p>","PeriodicalId":21453,"journal":{"name":"Saudi Medical Journal","volume":"46 2","pages":"163-170"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11822930/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143399856","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quality of life improvement in children with otitis media with effusion post ventilation tube insertion: A prospective cohort study.","authors":"Abdullah S Alkhaldi, Lama M AlSahli, Sultan A Al-Ibraheem, Muataz H Alhashem, Fahad A Al-Saab","doi":"10.15537/smj.2025.46.2.20240893","DOIUrl":"10.15537/smj.2025.46.2.20240893","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To study is to establish the OM-6 scores in Saudi children with OME and subjectively assess the change in QoL following VT insertion. The Otitis Media 6 (OM-6) questionnaire is a widely used measure of the quality of life (QoL) in children with otitis media with effusion (OME). Myringotomy with ventilation tube (VT) insertion is indicated when OME persists with clinically documented hearing impairment.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The present study is a prospective cohort study investigating the QoL of children with OME using a validated OM-6 questionnaire. The caregivers of 100 children were subjected to the questionnaire preoperatively from January 2023 to December 2023. All included patients underwent bilateral myringotomy and VT insertion with adenoidectomy under general anaesthesia. Caregivers were asked to complete the OM-6 questionnaire three months postoperatively to assess the change in QoL.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 100 children were enrolled in this study. The average OM-6 score was 16 before surgery and reduced to 7 after surgery. There is a statistically significant reduction in the score after the surgery (<i>p</i><0.001). While considering the OM-6 score separately, the Wilcoxon signed rank test shows that, there is statistically significant reduction in the average score of all the variables except caregiver concern, which remained the same pre and post-surgery (<i>p</i><0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The QoL of children with OME measured by OM-6 questionnaire significantly improved following VT insertion.</p>","PeriodicalId":21453,"journal":{"name":"Saudi Medical Journal","volume":"46 2","pages":"171-174"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11822934/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143399912","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hypothyroidism is a risk factor for transient ischemic attack: A meta-analysis.","authors":"Jian Li, Hui Liu, Yan Li","doi":"10.15537/smj.2025.46.2.20240508","DOIUrl":"10.15537/smj.2025.46.2.20240508","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To evaluate whether hypothyroidism is a risk factor for transient ischemic attack (TIA).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We systematically searched Embase, PubMed, Cochrane, Vipers database, China Biomedical Literature Database, Wanfang Data, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure for studies assessing the association between hypothyroidism and TIA (publication cut-off in May 2024). Two researchers independently extracted the data based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. Meta-analysis was carried out using Review Manager 5.3 software.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 7 studies (combined n=190248) were included. Hypothyroidism showed a significant association with TIA (risk ratio [RR]=1.43 [95% confidence interval [CI]: [1.29-1.57]). The association was significant in clinical hypothyroidism (RR=1.45 [95% CI: [1.31-1.62]) but not evident in subclinical hypothyroidism (RR=1.20 [95% CI: [0.90-1.61]). Sensitivity analysis confirmed the stability and reliability of the results from the 7 studies (Begg's test z=1.2, <i>p</i><0.01). No significant publication bias was detected in the meta-analysis.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Hypothyroidism, particularly clinical hypothyroidism, may be an independent risk factor for TIA.<b>PROSPERO No. ID: CRD42024552608</b>.</p>","PeriodicalId":21453,"journal":{"name":"Saudi Medical Journal","volume":"46 2","pages":"117-123"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11822933/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143399868","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Milestone: COVID-19 five years ago.","authors":"","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21453,"journal":{"name":"Saudi Medical Journal","volume":"46 2","pages":"207"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11822924/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143399898","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spectrum and classification of <i>ATP7B</i> variants with clinical correlation in children with Wilson disease.","authors":"Ruqayah Gy Al-Obaidi, Bassam Ms Al-Musawi","doi":"10.15537/smj.2025.46.2.20240997","DOIUrl":"10.15537/smj.2025.46.2.20240997","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To study the spectrum and classification of <i>ATP7B</i> variants in Iraqi children with Wilson disease by direct gene sequencing with clinical correlation.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Fifty-five unrelated children with a clinical diagnosis of Wilson disease (WD) were recruited. Deoxyribonucleic acid was extracted from peripheral blood samples, and variants in the <i>ATP7B</i> gene were identified using next-generation sequencing.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Seventy-six deleterious variants were detected in 97 out of 110 alleles of the <i>ATP7B</i> gene. Thirty (54.5%) patients had 2 disease-causing variants (15 homozygous and 15 compound heterozygous). Twelve (21.8%) patients had one disease-causing variant and one variant of uncertain significance (VUS) with potential pathogenicity. Thirteen (23.6%) patients were carriers of a single disease-causing variant. The most frequent variants, c.3305T>C and c.956delC, were detected in 4 alleles each, followed by c.3741-3742dupCA and c.3694A>C, which were detected in 3 alleles each. Among the 76 variants, 42 were missense, 13 were stop-gain, 9 were frameshift, 1 was an in-frame deletion, and 11 were intronic variants. Notably, the globally common variant H1069Q was not detected in this study.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The mutational spectrum of <i>ATP7B</i> in the Iraqi population is diverse, despite the high rates of consanguinity. It differs from that of neighboring countries. We provided evidence for ten VUS to be reclassified as deleterious, raising questions about the diagnostic criteria for patients with higher Leipzig scores and a single deleterious variant.</p>","PeriodicalId":21453,"journal":{"name":"Saudi Medical Journal","volume":"46 2","pages":"131-142"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11822923/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143399934","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}