Saudi Medical Journal最新文献

{"title":"Specific association of <i>MTHFD1</i> expressions with small cell lung cancer development and chemoradiotherapy outcome.","authors":"Yujia Hao, Ruichun Lu, Ying Guo, Pengtao Bao","doi":"10.15537/smj.2024.45.8.20230990","DOIUrl":"10.15537/smj.2024.45.8.20230990","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To identify biomarkers that can discriminated small cell lung cancer (SCLC) from non-SCLC (NSCLC), and explore their association with the prognosis of SCLC under chemoradiotherapy.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The GSE40275 dataset was used to identify potential targets in SCLC. There were 196 patients of lung cancer (LC) in cohort 1 of this study. <i>MTHFD1</i> levels in tissues were determined by immunohistochemistry assay in cohort 1. Lung cancer patients who were all underwent local chemoradiotherapy (CRT) were included in cohort 2, and the association of <i>MTHFD1</i> levels with CRT treatment outcome were determined in cohort 2. Cell experiments were used to determine the function of <i>MTHFD1</i> on the radio-sensitivity of SCLC and NSCLC cells.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The <i>MTHFD1</i> levels in LC tissues were increased, and could discriminate SCLC from both lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC) and lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). Small cell lung cancer patients with <i>MTHFD1</i> high phenotype had a poorer prognosis after CRT treatment, whereas no significant correlation was found between <i>MTHFD1</i> levels and prognosis in LUSC and LUAD group. Cell experiments demonstrated that overexpression of <i>MTHFD1</i> increases radio-resistance in both SCLC and NSCLC in vitro.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong><i>MTHFD1</i> expressions might be a novel specifically prognostic biomarker for SCLC and the CRT treatment outcome.</p>","PeriodicalId":21453,"journal":{"name":"Saudi Medical Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11288495/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141793374","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Right lung hypoplasia associated with polysplenia: A case report and literature review.","authors":"Rayyan M Almusally","doi":"10.15537/smj.2024.45.9.20240265","DOIUrl":"10.15537/smj.2024.45.9.20240265","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Pulmonary agenesis is a very rare congenital abnormality that can be missed in a routine radiographic examination, which delays diagnosis until adulthood. It can be associated with other congenital malformations, such as valvular heart disease and gastrointestinal organ abnormalities. Computed tomography (CT) is a useful modality for its better delineation of pulmonary and vascular structures. The reported case here is for an adult male who presented with dextroposition of the heart and was found to have a unilobed right lung associated with polysplenia. This has not been previously reported in the literature.</p>","PeriodicalId":21453,"journal":{"name":"Saudi Medical Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11376699/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142111540","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Obstructive uropathy in STAT 3 hyper immunoglobulin E syndrome: A 5 year old Middle Eastern boy.","authors":"Esraa M Bukhari, Ashwag A Alsaidalani","doi":"10.15537/smj.2024.45.8.20240123","DOIUrl":"10.15537/smj.2024.45.8.20240123","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Autosomal dominant hyper immunoglobulin E (IgE) syndrome is a rare inborn error of immunity that affects approximately one in a million individuals worldwide. It presents with various symptoms owing to multisystem involvement (immunological and non-immunological). Recurrent infections (mainly in the skin and lungs) are common presentations. A 5-year-old Middle Eastern boy presented with symptoms suggestive of obstructive uropathy secondary to multiple large pelviabdominal abscesses and acute kidney injury with hyperkalemia that necessitated admission to the intensive care unit. Upon further investigation, the patient's genetic test (whole exome sequencing) demonstrated a heterozygous missense variant in the STAT3 gene. The patient completely recovered and did not require further admission after initiating prophylactic antibiotics. Although deep-seated infections are uncommon in STAT3 hyper IgE syndrome, skin and lung infections are most commonly observed. Multiple deep collections can occur and require prompt intervention and aggressive treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":21453,"journal":{"name":"Saudi Medical Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11288501/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141793371","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Epidemiology, clinical profiles, and antimicrobial susceptibility of <i>Elizabethkingia meningoseptica</i> infections: Insights from a tertiary care hospital in Saudi Arabia.","authors":"Raghad T Alhuthil, Raghad M Hijazi, Ohoud A Alyabes, Mohammed A Alsuhaibani, Deema A Gashgarey, Ibrahim M Binsalamah, Mohammed A Aldahmash, Salem M Alghamdi, Esam A Albanyan, Suliman A Aljumaah, Sami H Al-Hajjar","doi":"10.15537/smj.2024.45.8.20240279","DOIUrl":"10.15537/smj.2024.45.8.20240279","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To investigate the incidence rate, clinical characteristics across different age groups, antimicrobial susceptibility, and outcomes of <i>Elizabethkingia meningoseptica</i> (<i>E. meningoseptica</i>) infections.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective analysis was carried out to include 66 cases with confirmed <i>E. meningoseptica</i> cultures from sterile samples between January 2014 and June 2022 at King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 66 cases were identified, with an incidence rate of 0.3 per 1000 admissions. Most cases were hospital-acquired (80.3%), primarily in critical care areas. All patients had underlying diseases, with respiratory (40.9%) and cardiovascular (39.4%) diseases being the most common. Minocycline showed the highest susceptibility (96.0%), followed by trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (77.0%), whereas tobramycin and colistin were fully resistant. The in-hospital mortality rate was 34.8%, whereas the 28-day mortality rate was 22.7%. Clinical characteristics across age groups showed a higher prevalence of cardiovascular disease in pediatrics than in adults, whereas exposure to mechanical ventilation, immunosuppressive therapy, previous infection, anemia, and in-hospital mortality were reported more frequently in adults (<i>p</i><0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our study provides valuable insights into <i>E. meningoseptica</i> infection in Saudi Arabia, emphasizing the importance of robust infection control measures. Incidence and mortality rates align with global trends. Variations in clinical characteristics across age groups highlight the importance of tailored treatments based on patient demographics and underlying comorbidities.</p>","PeriodicalId":21453,"journal":{"name":"Saudi Medical Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11288499/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141793294","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"WHO releases first-ever clinical treatment guideline for tobacco cessation in adults.","authors":"","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21453,"journal":{"name":"Saudi Medical Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11288497/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141793378","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative analysis of nutritional quality and microbial contamination in camel milk: Evaluating safety and public health risks between camel milk obtained from street vendors and farms in Saudi Arabia.","authors":"Nisreen M Abdulsalam, Ebtehal M Alghamdi","doi":"10.15537/smj.2024.45.9.20240387","DOIUrl":"10.15537/smj.2024.45.9.20240387","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To evaluate the nutritional quality and microbial contamination of raw camel milk sourced from street vendors and compare it with milk obtained from farms, with a particular emphasis on pathogenic organisms.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Twenty samples were systematically collected from street vendors and farms between July 2022 and February 2023 and analyzed at King Fahad Medical Research Centre and the Pharmacy College, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. The microbial analysis employed culture-dependent techniques for colony-forming unit analysis and isolation of microbial colonies from milk samples. Microbial identification utilized advanced methods, including VITEK-MS equipment and the MALDI-TOF technique. The chemical composition was analysed through enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The findings revealed significant differences in microbial loads, with milk sourced from street vendors exhibiting considerably higher microbial counts than farm-sourced milk, including pathogenic species like <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> and <i>Escherichia coli</i>. The results indicated that camel milk from street vendors possessed a higher level of microbial contamination, suggesting potential health risks associated with its purchase and consumption from these sources.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study highlights the urgent need for stringent food safety practices in handling, selling, and distributing camel milk to reduce microbial risks to safe levels, thereby mitigating potential health hazards.</p>","PeriodicalId":21453,"journal":{"name":"Saudi Medical Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11376702/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142111528","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Do dieticians have weight biases towards themselves and others?","authors":"","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21453,"journal":{"name":"Saudi Medical Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11376705/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142111531","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The influence of social, demographic and economic factors on fertility trends in Gulf Cooperation Council countries: A longitudinal time trend analysis-1980-2021.","authors":"Sultan A Meo, Narmeen Shaikh, Anusha S Meo","doi":"10.15537/smj.2024.45.9.20240437","DOIUrl":"10.15537/smj.2024.45.9.20240437","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To analyze the fertility rate trends in the GCC countries and their association with socioeconomic factors so that policymakers may use the study findings for future healthcare plans.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Total population, crude death rate, life expectancy, literacy rate, human development index (HDI), female employment, unemployment rate, urbanisation, gross domestic product (GDP) per capita and inflation were chosen as possible predictors of TFR trends. The data were collected for the Global Burden of Disease 2021 study and other official databases such as the World Bank, the United Nations Development Program and Our World in Data for the 6 Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries. Mean with standard deviation and percentage change was calculated to assess trends of TFR and all other variables from 1980-2021.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The fertility rate declined in all 6 countries in 2021 compared to 1980. The highest decline was found in the United Arab Emirates (75.5%), while the lowest was in Kuwait (60.9%). From 1980-2021, total population, life expectancy, HDI, literacy rate, GDP, urbanisation, and female labor force increased in all GCC countries. The total population, life expectancy, urbanisation, female labor force, GDP and HDI were negatively and significantly correlated with TFR (<i>p</i><0.01). The literacy rate showed a negative and significant correlation with TFR in Bahrain, Kuwait, Saudi Arabia, and Qatar.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The TFR is declining in GCC countries. The plausible causes include the inclination towards postponement of marriages and excessive costs of living. These trends and associations need to be evaluated by policymakers so that they identify priority areas for interventions, allocate resources and formulate developmental plans accordingly to ensure strategic progress of the region.</p>","PeriodicalId":21453,"journal":{"name":"Saudi Medical Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11376706/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142111541","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dermatological conditions in the intensive care unit at a tertiary care hospital in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.","authors":"Ghida S Altammami, Sarah K Alswayed, Mohammed I AlJasser, Rayan A Alkhodair","doi":"10.15537/smj.2024.45.8.20240479","DOIUrl":"10.15537/smj.2024.45.8.20240479","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To evaluate the various skin conditions diagnosed in intensive care unit (ICU) patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This is a descriptive retrospective study of all adults, pediatric, and neonatal patients who were admitted to the ICU and had a dermatological manifestation during hospital stay or patients who had dermatological condition that requires ICU admission. All skin conditions were categorized and analyzed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 344 ICU patients with 365 different dermatological conditions were included in the study. The age of patients ranged from less than 1-96 years, with a mean age of 43.6±30.1 years. Of the patients, 189 (54.9%) were males. The top 3 general disease categories observed were skin infections, inflammatory and autoimmune diseases, and drug reactions. The most commonly reported dermatological disorders included morbilliform drug eruption (6.8%), contact dermatitis (6.3%), vasculitis (5.5%), herpes zoster (4.6%), purpura due to thrombocytopenia (3.8%), dermatitis/eczema (3.8%), candidiasis (3.8%), infantile hemangioma (2.7%), unclassified drug reaction (2.5%), intertrigo (2.5%), and herpes simplex virus (2.5%).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Dermatological disorders can occur at various levels of severity in the ICU. Skin infections, inflammatory and autoimmune diseases, and drug reactions were found to be the most prevalent conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":21453,"journal":{"name":"Saudi Medical Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11288486/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141793291","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effect of injectable platelet-rich fibrin in combination with autogenous bone grafts on bone healing in an ovariectomized osteoporotic rat model with critical-sized defects.","authors":"Mustafa C Durmuşlar, Elif A Gülşen, Kemal A Bayburt, Umut Ballı, Mert Ocak, Ayşegül Fırat, Elham B Zırh, Hakan H Çelik","doi":"10.15537/smj.2024.45.8.20240224","DOIUrl":"10.15537/smj.2024.45.8.20240224","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To assess the impact of autogenous graft materials, including autogenous bone graft (ABG) and injectable platelet-rich fibrin (I-PRF) clots, on bone defect regeneration in ovariectomized osteoporotic rats.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Wistar rats (6-8 weeks old) were ovariectomized, and surgery began after 8 weeks. A 5-mm defect was created bilaterally in the parietal bones of 16 rats, which were divided into 4 groups. Group A (blank) had untreated defects; group B had defects filled with 0.1 ml of I-PRF, group C had defects filled with 0.1 ml of ABG, and group D had defects filled with a combination of 0.1 ml each of I-PRF and ABG. Four weeks post-surgery, the rats were euthanized. Bone regeneration was evaluated through histopathologic analysis and microcomputed tomography (micro-CT).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In ovariectomized rats treated with ABG or I-PRF, bone regeneration was enhanced, with increased periosteal activity, osteoblast count, and new bone volume, as determined histologically. The ABG+I-PRF group had the highest periosteal vascularity, but the difference compared to the ABG group was not statistically significant (<i>p</i>>0.05). Osteoblast numbers were significantly higher in the ABG+I-PRF group than in the blank group (<i>p</i><0.05). Micro-CT showed the highest mean new bone volume ratio in the ABG+I-PRF group, followed by the ABG group.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The combined use of ABG and I-PRF enhances bone formation in osteoporotic rats following ovariectomy.</p>","PeriodicalId":21453,"journal":{"name":"Saudi Medical Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11288487/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141793375","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}