Aiah M Khateb, Fadwa S Alofi, Mohammad A Alturkostani, Abdullah Z Almutairi
{"title":"Shifting sands: Unveiling the changes in respiratory comorbidities and fungal pathogens in Saudi Arabia.","authors":"Aiah M Khateb, Fadwa S Alofi, Mohammad A Alturkostani, Abdullah Z Almutairi","doi":"10.15537/smj.2025.46.2.20240616","DOIUrl":"10.15537/smj.2025.46.2.20240616","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To investigate epidemiological changes in respiratory fungal infections (RFI), including fungal isolation and colonization, at one of the main centers in Medina. The incidence of RFI is rising due to an increase in the number of immunocompromised individuals, a higher prevalence of respiratory viral infections, and an aging population.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted by extracting data of patients with fungal-positive respiratory cultures from King Fahad Hospital (KFH), Al Madinah Al Munawwarah from 2013 to 2023.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 352 episodes of fungal-positive cultures were identified in 79 patients, reflecting a 12-fold increase in RFI prevalence. The most frequent fungus was <i>Candida albicans</i> 43% (n=150), followed by <i>C. tropicalis</i> at 34% (n=119), <i>C. glabrata</i> at 7% (n=25), <i>C. parapsilosis</i> at 5% (n=18), <i>C. dubliniensis</i> at 3.4% (n=12), and <i>Aspergillus fumigatus</i> at 3.4% (n=12). Bronchoalveolar lavage was performed 52 times, with 19 cultures growing <i>C. albicans</i> and 8 cultures positive for <i>A. fumigatus</i>. None of the 58 lung biopsy samples grew mold. Only one patient had 2 <i>C. glabrata</i> isolates resistant to voriconazole and fluconazole. The most prevalent comorbidities were respiratory diseases (30%) and lower limb injuries and diabetes (16%).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong><i>Candida albicans</i> was the leading cause of RFI. Continuous monitoring, improved diagnostics, and targeted interventions are crucial to address existing challenges and emerging threats. The growing recognition of fungal infections necessitates increased research and education for healthcare professionals.</p>","PeriodicalId":21453,"journal":{"name":"Saudi Medical Journal","volume":"46 2","pages":"182-189"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11822936/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143399931","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"WHO prequalifies diagnostic test to support safer administration of P. vivax malaria treatments.","authors":"","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21453,"journal":{"name":"Saudi Medical Journal","volume":"46 2","pages":"208-209"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11822927/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143399937","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Does obesity affect children's likelihood of survival after being diagnosed with cancer?","authors":"","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21453,"journal":{"name":"Saudi Medical Journal","volume":"46 2","pages":"204-205"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11822926/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143399847","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ebtihal E Eltyeb, Gassem A Gohal, Sami A Alhazmi, Mohammed A Alqassim, Ehab F Hakami, Mnar H Moafa, Najla H Mutahar, Maisaa M Shanaq, Sara M Shanaq, Abdullah J Almalki, Asmaa A Jabrah, Shorouq A Mashhour, Ali A Dagreri, Rahaf S Othathi, Siddig Ibrahim Abdelwahab
{"title":"Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, platelets-to-lymphocyte ratio, and red cell distribution width as prognostic indicators for length of hospital stay in pediatric asthma.","authors":"Ebtihal E Eltyeb, Gassem A Gohal, Sami A Alhazmi, Mohammed A Alqassim, Ehab F Hakami, Mnar H Moafa, Najla H Mutahar, Maisaa M Shanaq, Sara M Shanaq, Abdullah J Almalki, Asmaa A Jabrah, Shorouq A Mashhour, Ali A Dagreri, Rahaf S Othathi, Siddig Ibrahim Abdelwahab","doi":"10.15537/smj.2025.46.2.20240934","DOIUrl":"10.15537/smj.2025.46.2.20240934","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To examine the relationship between neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelets-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), and red cell distribution width (RDW) and the length of hospital stay (LOS) in children with bronchial asthma METHODS: This hospital-based study examined the records of children with asthma admitted to Jazan Hospitals, Jazan, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Data were extracted at the time of admission. Length of hospital stay and laboratory parameters were acquired from blood.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>This study involved 489 children, with a mean age of 5.8±3.5 years, of which 59.7% were male. Notably, 77.7% of the patients resided in rural areas of Jazan. The mean LOS was 3.38±0.35 days, with 2.9% having a short stay (<24 hours) and 64.2% categorized as having a medium stay (1-3 days). The mean NLR was 5.33±1.20, with 46.8% falling within the normal range. Similarly, the mean PLR was 184.84±16.55, with 42.7% classified as normal. The PLR and LOS were shown to be significantly correlated (<i>p</i>=0.021), while no such association existed for NLR or RDW with LOS. Among the blood biomarkers assessed, PLR demonstrated the highest predictive value for LOS in children with asthma, yielding an area under the curve of 0.664 (confidence interval: 0.606-0.723; <i>p</i>=0.000).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The findings showed no significant association between NLR and RDW with LOS. Conversely, a notable correlation was observed between PLR and LOS, suggesting that PLR may serve as a valuable predictive marker for LOS in pediatric patients with asthma.</p>","PeriodicalId":21453,"journal":{"name":"Saudi Medical Journal","volume":"46 2","pages":"143-149"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11822938/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143399902","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Gokcen Gurkok Budak, Aslı Vatan, Ertuğrul Güçlü, Oğuz Karabay
{"title":"Concordance between homeostatic model assessment and triglyceride glucose index in assessing insulin resistance among HIV-infected patients.","authors":"Gokcen Gurkok Budak, Aslı Vatan, Ertuğrul Güçlü, Oğuz Karabay","doi":"10.15537/smj.2025.46.2.20240769","DOIUrl":"10.15537/smj.2025.46.2.20240769","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To evaluate the concordance between the triglyceride glucose (TyG) index and the homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) in assessing insulin resistance (IR) in people living with HIV (PLWH). Additionally, we aimed to estimate a cut-off value for the TyG index in PLWH.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective, observational study included medical records of patients diagnosed with HIV at Sakarya Training and Research Hospital from January 2019 to January 2024. Based on their HOMA-IR levels, PLWH patients were divided into 2 groups: Group A (patients without IR) and Group B (patients with IR).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In this study, insulin resistance was investigated in 147 people living with HIV (PLWH) between the ages of 18-68. Our results showed a significant positive linear relationship between HOMA-IR and the TyG index (r=0.628, <i>p</i><0.001). We found the TyG Index cut-off value to predict IR in people living with HIV (PLWH) to be 8.25.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our study identified correlation between the TyG index and HOMA IR index in PLWH. The TyG index may serve as an effective alternative to HOMA-IR for evaluating insulin resistance in PLWH.\".</p>","PeriodicalId":21453,"journal":{"name":"Saudi Medical Journal","volume":"46 2","pages":"157-162"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11822928/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143399844","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Monis B Shamsi, Rima Dada, Reham M Balahmar, Dimah Zaytuni, Ghadeer Alharbi, Syed N Imam, Emad Rajih, Muhammad Latif, Saif Ahmad
{"title":"Prevalence and clinical considerations of Y chromosome microdeletions in azoospermic and oligozoopsermic infertile men from Al Madinah Al Munawarah, Saudi Arabia.","authors":"Monis B Shamsi, Rima Dada, Reham M Balahmar, Dimah Zaytuni, Ghadeer Alharbi, Syed N Imam, Emad Rajih, Muhammad Latif, Saif Ahmad","doi":"10.15537/smj.2025.46.2.20240764","DOIUrl":"10.15537/smj.2025.46.2.20240764","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To characterize the potential role of Y-chromosome microdeletion (YCM) as a genetic cause for infertility in the Arab population from the Al Madinah Al Munawarah.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We screened 97 infertile men from Al Madinah Al Munawarah, from February 2022 to March 2024. Genomic blood DNA was analyzed for 8 sequence tagged site (STS) markers of Y chromosome by multiplex polymerase chain reaction.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We found microdeletions in 3 infertile men, indicating a prevalence of 3.1%. The STS markers sY254 and sY255 corresponding to AZFc regions were deleted in these men. No deletion was observed in any other STS markers investigated in this study.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our findings for prevalence in Arab population of Al Madinah Al Munawarah is comparable to other studies from Saudi Arabia. However, large variance in the prevalence of YCM in the Arab population of other Middle Eastern countries is reportedly observed. The YCM has significant prognostic value, since it indicates the spermatogenic profile, the success probability of assisted reproduction technique (ART) procedures as testicular sperm extraction and apprise of potential risk of vertical transmission of microdeletion from father to son in patients opting for ART. With these considerations, we re-emphasize the need for genetic screening of YCM in azoo- and oligozoospermic infertile men.</p>","PeriodicalId":21453,"journal":{"name":"Saudi Medical Journal","volume":"46 2","pages":"124-130"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11822931/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143399908","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abdullah M Bin Abdu, Mohammed S Assiri, Abdullah N Altasan, Yousef I Alghamdi, Abdullah S Alshalawi, Faisal N Alqahtani, Abdulmajeed A Aljabr, Osamah A Alnahdi, Abdullah I Alhamzani, Saud N Alghamdi, Raed J Alzahrani, Bandar M Alshahrani, Mohammed A Alzahrani, May S Alshalawi
{"title":"Assessing outcomes of acute myocarditis in Saudi Arabia: A retrospective tertiary center experience.","authors":"Abdullah M Bin Abdu, Mohammed S Assiri, Abdullah N Altasan, Yousef I Alghamdi, Abdullah S Alshalawi, Faisal N Alqahtani, Abdulmajeed A Aljabr, Osamah A Alnahdi, Abdullah I Alhamzani, Saud N Alghamdi, Raed J Alzahrani, Bandar M Alshahrani, Mohammed A Alzahrani, May S Alshalawi","doi":"10.15537/smj.2025.46.1.20240705","DOIUrl":"10.15537/smj.2025.46.1.20240705","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To assess the clinical course and long-term outcomes of complicated and uncomplicated AM in Saudi Arabia. Acute myocarditis (AM) can have different presentations and outcomes based on different factors, one of which is left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data from 382 patients with suspected AM, admitted between January 2016 and October 2023, were reviewed. Clinical course, in-hospital complications, and all-cause mortality were evaluated in both the acute and follow-up phases. Outcomes were compared between 2 groups: LVEF <50% (n=43); and normal LVEF (≥50% [n=41]) at presentation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Data from 84 patients (mean [±SD] age, 33.5±10.2 years; 26.2% female) who fulfilled the inclusion criteria were analyzed. The most common symptom was chest pain (83.3%) and 11 (13.1%) patients had fulminant presentation. ST-T changes were found on electrocardiography in 45.2% of patients. The mean LVEF was 46±12.4% at presentation. Patients in the LVEF <50% group were significantly more likely to experience a first-time cardiac-related adverse event (CRAE) (hazard ratio 2.6 [95% confidence interval 1.1-6.2]; <i>p</i>=0.031) with a mean time of 38.8±3.8. The all-cause in-hospital and follow-up mortality rates in the LVEF <50% group were 4.7% (one-half cardiac-related) (<i>p</i>=0.494) and 4.7% (all cardiac-related) (<i>p</i>=0.494), respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Of 84 patients diagnosed with AM, those with LVEF <50% were more likely to experience first-time CRAEs and exhibited low short- and long-term mortality rates.</p>","PeriodicalId":21453,"journal":{"name":"Saudi Medical Journal","volume":"46 1","pages":"71-77"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11717113/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142954172","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Aseel A Alsaidan, Ashokkumar Thirunavukkarasu, Hani H Alsulami
{"title":"Body shape concerns, sexual satisfaction, and associated factors among patients with polycystic ovarian syndrome: A cross-sectional study in Western Saudi Arabia.","authors":"Aseel A Alsaidan, Ashokkumar Thirunavukkarasu, Hani H Alsulami","doi":"10.15537/smj.2025.46.1.20240797","DOIUrl":"10.15537/smj.2025.46.1.20240797","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To determine body shape concerns (BSCs), sexual satisfaction, and associated factors in patients with polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Using a structured and validated questionnaire, a cross-sectional survey was carried out at the Maternity and Children's Hospital in Makkah, Saudi Arabia. Data were collected between August 2023 and June 2024. We included adult patients with PCOS who had completed at least one follow-up visit. We used multivariate analysis to determine the factors associated with BSC and sexual function. Spearman's correlation analysis was executed to assess the correlation concerning these 2 aspects.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 432 patients studied, nearly half (50.9%) had some degree of BSC and sexual dysfunction (50.5%). Body shape concern exhibited a significant association with age (<i>p</i>=0.001), education (<i>p</i>=0.017), occupation (<i>p</i>=0.005), and follow-up status (<i>p</i>=0.005). Sexual function and satisfaction were significantly associated with education (<i>p</i>=0.001), body mass index (<i>p</i>=0.001), and the existence of other comorbidities (<i>p</i>=0.011). Additionally, the study revealed a negative relationship between sexual function assessment and BSC (Spearman's rho= -0.567; <i>p</i>=0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study encourages healthcare providers to proactively query sexual apprehension among these patients. These findings may guide health caregivers, policymakers, and scholars in developing measures to improve the quality of life of women with PCOS.</p>","PeriodicalId":21453,"journal":{"name":"Saudi Medical Journal","volume":"46 1","pages":"94-101"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11717095/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142954173","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Murad M Aljiffry, Bayan M Dahal, Razana S Baeisa, Amal A Alzahrani, Taif A Alshahrany, Sumiah B Hijji, Majid A Alsahafi, Abdulaziz M Saleem, Waleed S Alghamdi, Mahmoud H Mosli
{"title":"Hepatobiliary manifestations of inflammatory bowel disease in Saudi Arabia: A retrospective analysis.","authors":"Murad M Aljiffry, Bayan M Dahal, Razana S Baeisa, Amal A Alzahrani, Taif A Alshahrany, Sumiah B Hijji, Majid A Alsahafi, Abdulaziz M Saleem, Waleed S Alghamdi, Mahmoud H Mosli","doi":"10.15537/smj.2025.46.1.20240758","DOIUrl":"10.15537/smj.2025.46.1.20240758","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To evaluate the features and frequency of hepatobiliary diseases in individuals with Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective study included all IBD patients at King Abdulaziz University Hospital in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. The primary focus was on the prevalence of hepatobiliary diseases, such as primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC), non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), autoimmune hepatitis (AIH), and others. The secondary focus was identifying predictors of these hepatobiliary manifestations in IBD patients. Associations were analyzed using simple and multiple logistic regression analyses.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among a total of 885 patients with IBD patients, 4.3% presented with hepatobiliary manifestations. Of these cases, 31.6% were linked to Crohn's disease (CD). While 65.8% were associated with ulcerative colitis (UC). Primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) was most prevalent, especially in females. PSC was linked to specific IBD sites 39.3% of UC patients have the left-sided disease and 10.7% of patients with ileocolonic CD had PSC. The absence of comorbidities was associated with lower odds of developing PSC, while UC diagnosis, adalimumab use, and infliximab use were associated with higher odds of developing PSC.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>A small percentage of IBD patients experience hepatobiliary complications, with PSC being the most prevalent. The study emphasizes the importance of closely monitoring IBD patients, especially those undergoing anti-TNF therapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":21453,"journal":{"name":"Saudi Medical Journal","volume":"46 1","pages":"52-58"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11717098/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142954207","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The future of personalized medicine in Saudi Arabia: Opportunities and challenges.","authors":"Wedad A Mawkili","doi":"10.15537/smj.2025.46.1.20240700","DOIUrl":"10.15537/smj.2025.46.1.20240700","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Personalized medicine is a healthcare approach that designs treatment plans of each patient, considering genetic, environmental, and lifestyle factors. This model leverages genomic information, advanced diagnostics, and data analytics to predict disease risk, optimize prevention strategies, and provide customized treatments. In Saudi Arabia, personalized medicine is gaining momentum, driven by the country's Vision 2030 initiative, which aims to transform the healthcare sector by integrating advanced medical technologies and improving healthcare delivery. The Kingdom has made significant strides in genomics and bioinformatics, with initiatives such as the Saudi Human Genome Program and advancements in institutions i.e., King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre. Continued investment in research, education, and technology, alongside international collaborations, will be crucial in overcoming these challenges and realizing the full potential of personalized medicine. This review explores the current state, challenges, and future prospects of personalized medicine in Saudi Arabia, highlighting its transformative impact on healthcare delivery and patient outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":21453,"journal":{"name":"Saudi Medical Journal","volume":"46 1","pages":"19-25"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11717103/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142954290","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}