Russian Open Medical Journal最新文献

{"title":"Effect Of Atmospheric Particulate Matter On The Functional State Of Mitochondria","authors":"E. V. Kondratyeva, T. Vitkina","doi":"10.15275/rusomj.2023.0106","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15275/rusomj.2023.0106","url":null,"abstract":"The health risks associated with outdoor air pollution are of global concern. Atmospheric air pollution negatively affects a number of key aspects of human health, including the functioning of the respiratory, cardiovascular and central nervous systems, but many issues remain unresolved about the relationship between atmospheric air pollution and the development and course of pathologies. The review analyzes data from Russian and foreign sources on the effect of atmospheric particulate matter on the functional state of mitochondria. The effect of air pollution on structural changes in mitochondria, ATP synthesis, production of reactive oxygen species, damage to mitochondrial DNA, and mitochondrial membrane potential has been shown. The data presented in the review indicate the need for further studies of the functional state of mitochondria under the impact of solid particles in atmospheric air.","PeriodicalId":21426,"journal":{"name":"Russian Open Medical Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48635822","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Healthy And Unhealthy Lifestyles As Factors Of Occupational Burnout In Obstetrics And Gynecology Physicians","authors":"Mikhail Yu. Kuzmin, Darya P. Tyumentseva, A. Marianian","doi":"10.15275/rusomj.2023.0103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15275/rusomj.2023.0103","url":null,"abstract":"This article investigates healthy and unhealthy lifestyles and its components (physical activity, drinking alcohol, consumption of caffeinated products, tobacco use) as factors of occupational burnout in obstetrics and gynecology physicians. Material and Methods. A total of 132 physicians and nurses from the different clinics of Irkutsk were surveyed. We used Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI), SF-12, and Godin Leisure-Time Exercise Questionnaire. Results: Differences in healthy and unhealthy lifestyles between physicians and nurses employed in obstetrics and gynecology, with or without a high burnout, were revealed. According to the obtained results, the frequency of alcohol consumption was directly related to burnout. In study subjects engaged in low and moderate physical activity, burnout occurred briefly or rarely. The differences became more pronounced when we excluded physicians and nurses with poor physical health from consideration, because they did not exercise much. According to the results of logistic regression, the probability of burnout and reduced level of quality of life among physicians and nurses increased with a bigger family size, lower work experience, and less time spent on moderate physical activity. Conclusion: Healthy and unhealthy lifestyles can cause healthcare employee burnout. Physicians and nurses with a high burnout consumed stronger alcohol and spent less time in moderate physical activity.","PeriodicalId":21426,"journal":{"name":"Russian Open Medical Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46385370","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cannabinoids And Cannabinoid-Like Compounds: Biochemical Characterization And Pharmacological Perspectives","authors":"O. Kytikova, Y. Denisenko, T. Novgorodtseva, I. S. Kovalenko","doi":"10.15275/rusomj.2023.0107","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15275/rusomj.2023.0107","url":null,"abstract":"Publication interest in cannabinoids, including phytocannabinoids, endogenous cannabinoids, synthetic cannabinoids and cannabinomimetic compounds, is due to the therapeutic potential of these compounds in inflammatory pathology. Since recent years, scientific interest was focused on compounds with cannabinomimetic activity. The therapeutic use of phytocannabinoids and endocannabinoids is somewhat limited due to unresolved issues of dosing, toxicity and safety in humans, while cannabinoid-like compounds combine similar therapeutic effects with a high confirmed safety. Targets for endocannabinoids and phytocannabinoids are endocannabinoid receptors 1 and 2, G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs), and transient receptor potential ion channels (TRPs). Non-endocannabinoid N-acylethanolamines do not interact with cannabinoid receptors and exhibit agonist activity towards non-cannabinoid receptors, such as PPARs, GPCRs and TRPs. This literature review includes contemporary information on the biological activity, metabolism and pharmacological properties of cannabinoids and cannabinoid-like compounds, as well as their receptors. We established that only a few studies were devoted to the relationship of non-endocannabinoid N-acylethanolamines with non-cannabinoid receptors, such as PPARs, GPCRs, and also with TRPs. We have focused on issues that were insufficiently covered in the published sources in order to identify gaps in existing knowledge and determine the prospects for scientific research.","PeriodicalId":21426,"journal":{"name":"Russian Open Medical Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46123991","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association Of Burnout And Depression Symptoms And Their Prevalence Among Medical Students In Karachi, Pakistan","authors":"Tafuzzal Hyder Zaidi, M. Zafar, Amber Ilyas, Momina khan, Rafia Ghani, Rahat Naz, Ayesha Mubbashir","doi":"10.15275/rusomj.2023.0104","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15275/rusomj.2023.0104","url":null,"abstract":"Background — The mental health of medical students has long been a concern. Symptoms of depression and burnout are common among medical students, but the overlap of symptoms of both diseases with risk factors remains unclear. The goal of this study was to determine the prevalence of burnout and depression symptoms’ overlap in medical students. Methods — This cross-sectional study was conducted among students of the clinical course (3rd, 4th and 5th years). A multistage stratified random sampling design was used to select 284students that were offered a validated and structured questionnaire that included a modified Oldenburg Burnout Inventory and Patient Health Questionnaire-9 to assess their emotional burnout and depression, respectively. Chi-square and multinomial regression analyses were done to identify overlapping symptoms of burnout and depression with association of risk factors with dependent variable. Results — Out of 284 students, 13% had symptoms of severe depression, 24% had high burnout symptoms, and 32% had overlapping symptoms of burnout and depression. In regression analysis, higher academic year more than 2 times (5th year, OR 2.03, 95% CI 1.42-7.96, p-value 0.004) and living at dormitory more than 3 times (OR 3.97, 95% CI 1.97-5.01, p-value 0.003) were more likely associated with more extensive overlap of burnout and depression symptoms. Conclusion — There is a high prevalence of burnout and depression symptoms among medical students, with a strong association between the two disorders. Early burnout detection and psychiatric therapies given to affected students and these disorders management training at medical school, may help reduce negative consequences of these conditions.","PeriodicalId":21426,"journal":{"name":"Russian Open Medical Journal","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41366301","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment Of COVID-19 Pandemic-Related Detrimental Impact On The Population Of Nuclear City: Two-Year Results","authors":"M. Osipov, Evgeny P. Fomin","doi":"10.15275/rusomj.2023.0101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15275/rusomj.2023.0101","url":null,"abstract":"Background — Since the announcement of the global coronavirus infection disease (COVID-19) pandemic, the attempts to assess the pandemic-related detrimental impact are of particular interest. The methodology of assessing the overall mortality attributed to COVID-19 pandemic, unlike the use of specific indicators that are sensitive to different methods of accounting the number of infected and deaths, provides more clear understanding of the pandemic-related impact. Objective — Quantitative assessment of the pandemic-related detrimental impact caused by the novel coronavirus infection in a small nuclear city, which is relevant for evaluating the effectiveness of anti-epidemic measures. Methods and Results — The population changes in a small urban district located in the South Ural Region of the Russian Federation were retrospectively analyzed for the decade, based on the open-source demographic data. The pandemic-related detrimental impact was calculated as overall excess mortality rate, compared with the previous non-pandemic years by using the additive model of excess absolute risk. The number of absolute excess deaths, adjusted for gender, age, population size, and number of diseased, was modeled using multivariate linear regression. The pandemic-related detriment was calculated based on the number of predicted excess deaths attributed to COVID-19. The relationship between the total number of deaths and the number of COVID-19 cases was analyzed. The total predicted two-year excess of pandemic-related deaths was 557.9. The pandemic-related total excess mortality per 1,000 patients infected with SARS-Cov-2 was 50.2 (95% CI 38.4; 62.0). Conclusion — The analyses revealed significant impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the overall excess mortality in the nuclear city population in 2020 and 2021 implemented in both direct and indirect way. The population size was a major significant risk factor confounding the overall mortality. In order to develop an effective strategy to control and prevent the consequences of a pandemic, further monitoring of the epidemic situation in a nuclear city is required.","PeriodicalId":21426,"journal":{"name":"Russian Open Medical Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45808997","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Erythrocyte Membrane Resistance Of Actively Smoking Donors In Leukoreduced Packed Red Blood Cells During Storage: Focus On Oxidative Stress","authors":"Dian Eko Astarini, S. A. Jusman, Saptuti Chunaeini","doi":"10.15275/rusomj.2022.0403","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15275/rusomj.2022.0403","url":null,"abstract":"Background — Leukoreduced (with removed white blood cells) packed red blood cells (PRC) are commonly for blood transfusions to reduce post-transfusion effects. The number of active smokers in Indonesia is relatively high; consequently, many of them could be blood donors since no regulations are set to rule them out. However, leukoreduced PRC in active smokers are highly risky as they may undergo erythrocyte membrane damage caused by oxidative stress, which hinders fighting the free radicals generated by smoking. Objective — Our study examined the impact of oxidative stress on membrane resistance of leukoreduced PRC, produced from actively smoking donors, during its storage. Material and Methods − The study was descriptive and cross-sectional in its design. It examined 12 nonsmoking (NS), 12 lightly smoking (LS), and 12 moderately smoking (MS) donors. Leukoreduced PRC produced from donors was separated into three groups: NS, LS, and MS. We performed assessments of malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase enzyme (SOD) activity, and osmotic fragility test (OFT) on days 0 through day 35 of storage (D0-D35). We used nonparametric statistical tests (Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney). We assumed that p<0.05 implied statistically significant difference. Results — The Kruskal-Wallis test demonstrated differences on D0, D7, D14, D21, D28, and D35 between all three groups in MDA, SOD, and OFT, with p < 0.05. This study showed that leukoreduced PRC storage increased oxidative stress. The highest oxidative stress occurred in the MS group. Conclusion — Erythrocyte membrane fragility and resistance correlated with oxidative stress. Blood components of leukoreduced PRC produced from moderate smokers should be banned for repeated transfusions.","PeriodicalId":21426,"journal":{"name":"Russian Open Medical Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42786573","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reversible Vision Loss Following Nonsurgical Filler Rhinoplasty","authors":"V. Sheptulin, Y. Grusha","doi":"10.15275/rusomj.2022.0406","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15275/rusomj.2022.0406","url":null,"abstract":"The increase in the frequency and popularity of aesthetic filler injections is accompanied by a high risk of complications, including ophthalmological sequalae. Of these, loss of vision is considered the most dangerous and, in most cases, irreversible. We present a case report of a patient who experienced acute vision loss due to suspected partial occlusion of the ophthalmic artery following nonsurgical rhinoplasty with hyaluronic acid filler injection. It differs from others in that treatment in the form of a combination of multiple subcutaneous hyaluronidase injections into the periocular region, a single retrobulbar injection of hyaluronidase, and hyperbaric oxygen therapy led to a significant recovery of ophthalmic symptoms with only residual visual field defects remaining.","PeriodicalId":21426,"journal":{"name":"Russian Open Medical Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47331394","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Experience Of Using Internal Fixation In The Treatment Of Patients With Inflammatory Complications Of Mandibular Fractures: A Retrospective Study","authors":"A. Pankratov, Z. P. Gotsiridze, Maria A. Karalkina","doi":"10.15275/rusomj.2022.0414","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15275/rusomj.2022.0414","url":null,"abstract":"Study goal — To evaluate the efficacy of plate osteosynthesis in the treatment of patients with inflammatory complications of mandibular fractures on a large sample. Material and Methods — We conducted a retrospective analysis of medical records collected over 15 years in a group of patients with inflammatory complications of mandibular fractures. The analysis included medical records of patients who underwent plate osteosynthesis operations performed according to the surgical algorithm adopted in the clinic, in combination with a simultaneous directed antibacterial effect on the microflora of the pathological focus and osteoplastic replacement of defects. We identified 164 medical records meeting the search criteria distributed among two study groups. Group A included hospitalized patients with developed abscesses and phlegmons of soft tissues surrounding the fracture area. For them, two-stage surgical intervention was performed. Group B consisted of patients who had no suppurative process in soft tissues, which allowed them undergoing one-stage surgical treatment. Results — Good, satisfactory, and unsatisfactory surgical outcomes were obtained in 82.6%, 14.9%, and 2.4% of the patients, respectively. The differences between the comparison groups were not statistically significant. Conclusion — The clinical effectiveness of an integrated approach to the surgical treatment of patients with inflammatory complications of mandibular fractures, based on providing stable fixation of connected fragments as a critical factor in bone wound healing via osteosynthesis, was confirmed on large samples in both comparison groups.","PeriodicalId":21426,"journal":{"name":"Russian Open Medical Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43170360","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Interaction Of Inflammatory Parameters And Thiol/Disulfide System Of Antioxidant Protection In Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease","authors":"T. Vitkina, E. Mineeva, K. Sidletskaya","doi":"10.15275/rusomj.2022.0411","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15275/rusomj.2022.0411","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction — Increased incidence and prevalence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) provides rationale for describing the disease progression mechanism, considering the interaction of key participants of this process. The objective of our study was to establish the dysfunction parameters of thiol/disulfide system components and adaptive immunity unit in patients with stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Material and Methods — We examined patients with stable COPD of moderate (62 subjects) or severe (50 subjects) grades. The control group included 32 subjects. Prooxidant and antioxidant markers of oxidative stress were investigated with ELISA. We determined cytokine levels in blood plasma and the number of T helper cells expressing IL-6R with flow cytometry (BD FACSCanto II, USA). Correlation pleiads sensu Terentiev were employed to visualize the data. Results — Changes in both antioxidant and cytokine status of subjects with COPD of varying severity grades implied the progression of systemic inflammation in conditions of uncontrolled activation of adaptive immunity unit rather than just a shift in the peroxide balance and an increase in oxygen metabolites. Conclusion — Accumulation of biomolecule peroxidation products, imbalance in the prooxidant-antioxidant system, and a change in pathogenetic mechanism of inflammation could lead to an aggravated course of bronchopulmonary pathology.","PeriodicalId":21426,"journal":{"name":"Russian Open Medical Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45022339","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Regulation Of Medical Activity In Russia And Europe In The 10th – Early 20th Centuries: Correlation Between Ethical And Legal Principles","authors":"V. V. Suvorov, Yu. V. Ishchenko, E. Fakhrudinova, A. Kiselev","doi":"10.15275/rusomj.2022.0416","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15275/rusomj.2022.0416","url":null,"abstract":"The legal and ethical regulation of medical activity in Russia vs. European countries has common features and a number of specific differences. The regulation of medical activity in the Old Russian state and European medieval states was carried out within the framework of legal norms and Christian worldview, the main principle of which was service to one’s neighbor. For instance, these were ethical issues that came to the fore. The secular state form, began its historical path with the emergence of the first secular doctors at the courts of ancient Russian princes. From the 16th century on, it became part of the state apparatus extending its influence to the social estate of the military servicemen. In the middle of the 19th century, during the period of the Zemstvo Reform, it became the main form of servicing rural population. The specificity of zemstvo medicine was the organization of medical activities based on of local self-government bodies and medical societies. At the beginning of the 19th century, with the increasing complexity of scientific knowledge and organization of medical services, European medical codes of ethics aimed at developing the rules of conduct to be followed by the members of newly emerging national medical associations. Despite regulating medical activity, the issues of healthcare were not given due attention, and there were no specific legislative acts affecting the health care regulation in prerevolutionary Russia. In Europe, too, for a long time, the responsibility of a medical professional for mistakes was considered from the standpoint of private relationships based on contractual and commercial principles.","PeriodicalId":21426,"journal":{"name":"Russian Open Medical Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43113544","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}