Rubber Chemistry and Technology最新文献_第10页

SULFUR DISPERSION QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS IN ELASTOMERIC TIRE FORMULATIONS BY USING HIGH RESOLUTION X-RAY COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY 用高分辨率x射线计算机断层扫描定量分析橡胶轮胎配方中的硫分散

IF 1.5 4区工程技术

Rubber Chemistry and Technology Pub Date : 2021-06-14 DOI: 10.5254/rct.21.79997

D. Penumadu, Jun-Cheng Chin, Stephen Young, F. Ignatz-Hoover, T. R. Floyd, Peter Chapman

{"title":"SULFUR DISPERSION QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS IN ELASTOMERIC TIRE FORMULATIONS BY USING HIGH RESOLUTION X-RAY COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY","authors":"D. Penumadu, Jun-Cheng Chin, Stephen Young, F. Ignatz-Hoover, T. R. Floyd, Peter Chapman","doi":"10.5254/rct.21.79997","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5254/rct.21.79997","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Good dispersion of compounded ingredients in a rubber formulation is important for mechanical performance. After mixing, certain materials can remain undispersed within the rubber matrix, which could lead to critical flaws, influencing performance according to the Griffith failure criteria. High resolution X-ray computed tomography (XCT) offers a unique opportunity to measure phase domain size and distributions. Fillers such as carbon black or silica can be differentiated from sulfur or zinc oxide, providing an opportunity to determine dispersion characteristics of the various phases. The XCT technique has become an important characterization tool for three-dimensional and higher dimension material science due to the availability of polychromatic micro-focus x-ray sources and efficient high spatial resolution detectors with superior scintillators. High resolution XCT provides very rich data quantifying mixing efficiency of particulates in a matrix, such as insoluble sulfur or silica particles in rubber. Imaging with X-rays provides attenuation, phase, or scattering contrast and will prove to be a critical method for evaluating the field of rubber crosslinking, considering realistic environments in situ. This paper highlights methodology development and validation and provides insight on the dispersion of polymeric (insoluble) sulfur in rubber formulations. Dispersion assessment is compared using three techniques: high resolution XCT, population survival analysis in tensile testing, and optical microscopy.","PeriodicalId":21349,"journal":{"name":"Rubber Chemistry and Technology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2021-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42670487","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

EMERGING ADVANCES IN RUBBER TECHNOLOGY BY THE SUITABLE APPLICATION OF SOL-GEL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 溶胶-凝胶科学技术的适当应用使橡胶技术取得了新的进展

IF 1.5 4区工程技术

Rubber Chemistry and Technology Pub Date : 2021-06-14 DOI: 10.5254/rct.21.79955

K. Roy, S. Debnath, D. Basu, Aphiwat Pongwisuthiruchte, P. Potiyaraj

{"title":"EMERGING ADVANCES IN RUBBER TECHNOLOGY BY THE SUITABLE APPLICATION OF SOL-GEL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY","authors":"K. Roy, S. Debnath, D. Basu, Aphiwat Pongwisuthiruchte, P. Potiyaraj","doi":"10.5254/rct.21.79955","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5254/rct.21.79955","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 In recent years, the application of sol-gel science to industrial polymer research has offered advancements in rubber technology. The use of sol-gel–synthesized materials for the development of highly reinforced rubber composites is the most commonly adopted and popular method exercised by rubber scientists. This article comprehensively reviews the recent progress regarding preparation and properties of sol-gel–synthesized nanoparticles-based rubber composites. The pragmatic consequences of sol-gel–synthesized nanoparticles in rubber compounds are systematically described through rheological, mechanical, and thermal properties. Emphatic focus is given to understanding the reinforcement mechanism of rubber composites by the use of sol-gel–derived alkoxide silica as filler. The properties of rubber nanocomposites are usually dependent on the dispersion of sol-gel–synthesized nanoparticles into the rubber matrix. The results reviewed from prolific studies suggested that sol-gel science has tremendous potential to develop high performance rubber nanocomposites for future industrial application.","PeriodicalId":21349,"journal":{"name":"Rubber Chemistry and Technology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2021-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48568126","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

ORIGIN OF ENERGETIC ELASTICITY AND ENTROPIC ELASTICITY OF NATURAL RUBBER WITH NANODIAMOND NANOMATRIX STRUCTURE 纳米金刚石纳米基体结构天然橡胶的能弹性和熵弹性起源

IF 1.5 4区工程技术

Rubber Chemistry and Technology Pub Date : 2021-06-14 DOI: 10.5254/rct.21.79923

A. Gannoruwa, Yuanbing Zhou, Kenichiro Kosugi, Yoshimasa Yamamoto, S. Kawahara

引用次数: 2

CHARACTERIZING THE HYDROGEN TRANSPORT PROPERTIES OF RUBBERY POLYMERS BY GRAVIMETRIC ANALYSIS 用重量分析法表征橡胶聚合物的氢传输特性

IF 1.5 4区工程技术

Rubber Chemistry and Technology Pub Date : 2021-06-14 DOI: 10.5254/rct.21.79880

J. Jung, In Gyoo Kim, S. K. Jeon, K. Chung

{"title":"CHARACTERIZING THE HYDROGEN TRANSPORT PROPERTIES OF RUBBERY POLYMERS BY GRAVIMETRIC ANALYSIS","authors":"J. Jung, In Gyoo Kim, S. K. Jeon, K. Chung","doi":"10.5254/rct.21.79880","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5254/rct.21.79880","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 We develop an ex situ technique to quantitatively analyze the transport properties of hydrogen gas dissolved under high pressure in rubbery polymers, such as cylindrical and spherical samples of nitrile butadiene rubber (NBR), ethylene propylene diene monomer (EPDM), and fluoroelastomer (FKM), which are potential sealing materials for hydrogen energy infrastructures. The technique consists of real-time gravimetric measurements during the desorption of hydrogen gas from samples using an electronic balance and a self-developed analysis program to determine the total charge (CH0), diffusivity (D), solubility (S) and permeability (P) of hydrogen. Dual absorption behavior is found for all three rubbers as the charging pressure increases. CH0 follows Henry's law at low pressures of up to ∼25 MPa, whereas the Langmuir model applies at high pressures. No significant pressure, size, or shape dependences are observed for D and P. The measured P values are consistent with those from the literature within the combined uncertainty evaluated. The effect of a carbon black filler mixed into rubber is discussed with respect to S and D. This method can be applicable as a standard test for the transport properties versus the pressure of various polymers irrespective of sample shape.","PeriodicalId":21349,"journal":{"name":"Rubber Chemistry and Technology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2021-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44610409","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

POTENTIAL SUSTAINABLE ANTIOXIDANTS FOR NATURAL RUBBER: HENNA AND ITS MAJOR COMPONENTS 天然橡胶潜在的可持续抗氧化剂:指甲花及其主要成分

IF 1.5 4区工程技术

Rubber Chemistry and Technology Pub Date : 2021-06-09 DOI: 10.5254/rct.21.79907

Şehriban Öncel, A. A. Wis, B. Karaağaç

{"title":"POTENTIAL SUSTAINABLE ANTIOXIDANTS FOR NATURAL RUBBER: HENNA AND ITS MAJOR COMPONENTS","authors":"Şehriban Öncel, A. A. Wis, B. Karaağaç","doi":"10.5254/rct.21.79907","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5254/rct.21.79907","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Unsaturated chain structure of natural rubber makes it a poor defense against thermo-oxidative aging. Synthetic antioxidants are commonly used in rubber compound recipes to prevent/retard aging of the rubber material during its service life. However, synthetic antioxidants cause some negative effects on human and environmental health; they tend to be replaced by natural alternatives. In this study, the short- and long-term antioxidant effects of henna and its basic active components, lawsone and gallic acid, have been investigated individually for natural rubber cured with semi-efficient sulfur vulcanization system. The composition of henna was determined by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis. Qualitative and quantitative analysis were performed using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) to highlight structural changes on aged vulcanizates. The authors attempted to correlate the suggested aging mechanism with rheological, mechanical, and morphological properties. Results showed that both lawsone and gallic acid were impressively successful regarding their anti-oxidation activity. In addition, henna, which contains a sufficient amount of lawsone and gallic acid, has been suggested as a competitive natural alternative to the common synthetic stabilization system for natural rubber, considering its sustainable commercial abundancy.","PeriodicalId":21349,"journal":{"name":"Rubber Chemistry and Technology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2021-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42340018","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

PROTEIN INFLUENCE ON THE MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF NR 蛋白质对NR力学性能的影响

IF 1.5 4区工程技术

Rubber Chemistry and Technology Pub Date : 2021-06-09 DOI: 10.5254/rct.21.79916

Yayoi Akahori, M. Hiza, Soki Yamaguchi, S. Kawahara

引用次数: 1

METAL-ORGANIC FRAMEWORK: A SMART REPLACEMENT FOR CONVENTIONAL NANOFILLERS FOR THE ENHANCEMENT OF MECHANICAL PROPERTIES AND THERMAL STABILITY OF SBR NANOCOMPOSITE 金属有机骨架：智能替代传统纳米填料提高SBR纳米复合材料力学性能和热稳定性

IF 1.5 4区工程技术

Rubber Chemistry and Technology Pub Date : 2021-06-04 DOI: 10.5254/rct.21.79903

J. Joseph, T. K. Sreethu, S. Mohanty, V. K. Gupta, A. Bhowmick

{"title":"METAL-ORGANIC FRAMEWORK: A SMART REPLACEMENT FOR CONVENTIONAL NANOFILLERS FOR THE ENHANCEMENT OF MECHANICAL PROPERTIES AND THERMAL STABILITY OF SBR NANOCOMPOSITE","authors":"J. Joseph, T. K. Sreethu, S. Mohanty, V. K. Gupta, A. Bhowmick","doi":"10.5254/rct.21.79903","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5254/rct.21.79903","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 To the best of our knowledge, for the first time, metal-organic framework (MOF), a porous reticular structure, has been tried as a reinforcing filler for rubber. A MOF synthesized by solvothermal reaction between 2-aminoterephthalic acid and aluminum chloride hexahydrate was characterized and incorporated as reinforcing filler in SBR. A comparative investigation on the properties of the well-dispersed, thermally stable nano-MOF composite (SBR-MOF) was carried out with reference to SBR–nano alumina composite (SBR-nAl). The SBR-MOF was mechanically more robust than SBR-nAl. The SBR-MOF showed 130% improvement in tensile strength over the pristine SBR composite and 50% better elongation at break than SBR-nAl at 10 phr loading. The thermal and dynamic mechanical properties of SBR-MOF are superior to SBR-nAl composite. The highly porous organic framework was favorable for the enhanced entanglement of polymer chains at the interface. The effectiveness of the organic framework on the dispersion and compatibility was evaluated by scanning electron microscopy. The dispersion studies substantially supported the overall property enhancement. To substantiate the superiority of MOF in the rubber matrix, the tensile properties of SBR-MOF were compared with SBR composites filled with nano silica, nano titania, as well as nano silica and nano alumina with a compatibilizer, thereby documenting a promising nanofiller for introduction into the rubber industry.","PeriodicalId":21349,"journal":{"name":"Rubber Chemistry and Technology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2021-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49538193","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

BUTADIENE RUBBER: SYNTHESIS, MICROSTRUCTURE, AND ROLE OF CATALYSTS 丁二烯橡胶：合成、微观结构和催化剂作用

IF 1.5 4区工程技术

Rubber Chemistry and Technology Pub Date : 2021-05-25 DOI: 10.5254/rct.21.79948

Ajay Kumar, S. Mohanty, Virendrakumar Gupta

{"title":"BUTADIENE RUBBER: SYNTHESIS, MICROSTRUCTURE, AND ROLE OF CATALYSTS","authors":"Ajay Kumar, S. Mohanty, Virendrakumar Gupta","doi":"10.5254/rct.21.79948","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5254/rct.21.79948","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Butadiene rubber (BR) is one of the most useful and second most produced rubber worldwide. Polymerization of 1,3-butadiene (BD) is a highly stereospecific reaction that offers a wide variety of BR with different microstructures and influences the fundamental properties of the rubber. Since the first successful polymerization of conjugated diene using the Ziegler–Natta–based catalyst (TiCl4 or TiCl3 with aluminum alkyls) in 1954, the research on producing synthetic rubber with an appropriate catalyst system has been accelerated. Subsequently, various research groups are actively engaged in designing active catalyst systems based on a suitable combination of transition metal complexes with alkyl-aluminum and successfully using them in BD polymerization. Although various scientific inventions have proven their significance for the production of high-quality BR, with the rising demands in improving the quality of the product, research on developing new catalyst systems with enhanced catalytic activity and high stereoselectivity is still in progress. The present review focuses on the synthesis of BR using various transition metal catalysts and discusses their microstructures. The catalysts based on new-generation metal complexes with phosphorus, nitrogen, and oxygen donor ligands (e.g., phosphines, imines, 1,10-phenanthroline, and imino-pyridines) have been introduced. The role that catalysts play in the production of BR with different microstructures (i.e., high-cis, high-trans or low-cis, low-trans polybutadiene) has also been described. The combination of catalyst (transition metal complex) and suitable co-catalyst (alkyl-aluminum) is the major factor influencing the reaction and microstructure of the resulting polymer. This report focuses on the effect of transition metal catalysts (i.e., lithium [Li], titanium [Ti], zirconium [Zr], iron [Fe], cobalt [Co], nickel [Ni], and neodymium [Nd]) on the activity and stereoselectivity of polymers such as 1,4-cis-, 1,4-trans-, and 1,2-vinyl-polybutadiene.","PeriodicalId":21349,"journal":{"name":"Rubber Chemistry and Technology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2021-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44156745","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 5

SYNERGISTIC MAGNETORHEOLOGICAL NR–NBR ELASTOMER BLEND WITH ELECTROLYTIC IRON PARTICLES 电解铁粒子协同磁流变NR-NBR弹性体

IF 1.5 4区工程技术

Rubber Chemistry and Technology Pub Date : 2021-05-25 DOI: 10.5254/rct.21.79977

Najib Alam, Vineet Kumar, S. Ryu, Tae Jo Koa, Dong‐Joo Lee, Jungwook Choi

{"title":"SYNERGISTIC MAGNETORHEOLOGICAL NR–NBR ELASTOMER BLEND WITH ELECTROLYTIC IRON PARTICLES","authors":"Najib Alam, Vineet Kumar, S. Ryu, Tae Jo Koa, Dong‐Joo Lee, Jungwook Choi","doi":"10.5254/rct.21.79977","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5254/rct.21.79977","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 This article presents the development of a new kind of magnetorheological elastomer blend made with natural rubber, acrylonitrile–butadiene rubber (NR-NBR), and electrolytic iron particles through solution mixing. The compressive stress and elastic modulus of the composites in the isotropic and anisotropic states of the filler were studied. A unique study of the filler distribution and filler orientation mechanism was proposed from the compressive properties and scanning electron microscopy. A strong improvement in the elastic modulus of the NR–NBR blend from isotropic to anisotropic change was achieved as compared with NR and NBR in single-rubber composites. The filler content in the anisotropic magnetorheological elastomers was optimized by measuring the field-dependent elastic modulus in the presence of an externally applied magnetic field. The blend rubber composites showed better sensitivity in the presence of a magnetic field than the NR and NBR composites did. The improvement might be due to the better filler orientation and strong adhesion of filler particles by the NR phase in the blend matrix. The new elastomer blends may have applications in active dampers, vibrational absorption, and automotive bushings.","PeriodicalId":21349,"journal":{"name":"Rubber Chemistry and Technology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2021-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46579604","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

POLAR ADDITIVES IN 1,3-BUTADIENE POLYMERIZATION 极性助剂在1,3-丁二烯聚合中的应用

IF 1.5 4区工程技术

Rubber Chemistry and Technology Pub Date : 2021-05-25 DOI: 10.5254/rct.21.79933

M. Vasconcelos, M. Nele, J. Pinto

引用次数: 0