Historical Search最新文献

{"title":"HISTORIOGRAPHY OF THE PROBLEM RELATED TO THE LEGAL AND MATERIAL SITUATION OF WAR PRISONERS DURING THE FIRST WORLD WAR","authors":"Semen N. Blinjaev","doi":"10.47026/2712-9454-2023-4-4-113-125","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47026/2712-9454-2023-4-4-113-125","url":null,"abstract":"The article is dedicated to the 105th anniversary of the end of the First World War, which causes, along with the special military operation being conducted in the Ukraine and the war in Nagorno-Karabakh, close attention of the world community to the problems of war captivity. Colossal geopolitical changes in the international arena are forcing the world community to look more seriously and from a different angle at the aspects of this complex issue, which threatens a humanitarian catastrophe in the conditions of current high-tech ruthless war. The purpose of the study is to make an analytical review of Soviet, Russian, regional and foreign historiography of the problem related to the legal and material situation of war prisoners during the First World War, which makes it possible to conclude about the degree of knowledge covering the problem in general and the issue of downbedding and using war prisoners during the First World War in the territory of Chuvashia in particular. Materials and methods. The aspects of the issue are investigated on the basis of the method of analyzing scientific publications of domestic and foreign historiography, information materials of the thematic collection of documents of the State Historical Archive of the Chuvash Republic dated 2014. The historical science contains the historiographical analysis of the experience in studying this topic in Russia and abroad which made it possible to clarify the chronological and geographical framework of the problem of war prisoners during the World War. A comprehensive historiographical assessment helped to establish the level of knowledge of the topic, which affects formulation of tasks, and also highlights those aspects of the issue under study that need additional study. The historical method, which refers to the methods of the theoretical level, made it possible to study the emergence and development of the object of research – the problems of war prisoners – in chronological sequence both abroad and in Russia, and at different stages of its historical development in particular and in a regional context. The general scientific method of generalization enabled us to express the main results in the general position, to draw conclusions on the problem we are studying. The scientific novelty of this work is complete absence of fundamental research works on the topic under study at the regional level. This article is based on scientific publications of domestic and foreign historiography, information materials of the thematic collection of documents kept in the State Historical Archive of the Chuvash Republic dated 2014. Study results. The author considers the urgency of the topic which is dedicated to the 105th anniversary of the First World War’s end, and which is due to colossal geopolitical changes in the international arena. The Soviet historiography was studied, which paid very little attention to the problem of the war prisoners arrival to the territory of the","PeriodicalId":212815,"journal":{"name":"Historical Search","volume":"42 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139155119","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"TRADITIONAL SETTLEMENT AND HOUSING COMPLEX AS AN OBJECT OF HISTORICAL AND CULTURAL HERITAGE OF THE PEOPLES OF RUSSIA","authors":"E. Mokshina, Mikhail I. Svyatkin","doi":"10.47026/2712-9454-2023-4-4-93-104","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47026/2712-9454-2023-4-4-93-104","url":null,"abstract":"One of the significant objects in the historical and cultural heritage of the peoples of Russia is the settlement and housing complex, historically formed and resulting from the influence of physical and geographical conditions, ethnic traditions, socio-cultural interaction. Currently, the problem of its preservation, study, and use as a tourist object is urgent. The article examines the key problems in this area; it pays attention to the formation of legislation regulating preservation of cultural objects, as well as their importance in forming youth patriotism. The purpose of the research is to study the role of a traditional settlement and housing complex in ethnic culture, the place of rural settlements in preserving national languages and traditions of peoples, development of domestic tourism in the Russian Federation. Materials and methods. The research used the methods of historical science: comparative-historical, problem-chronological, historical-genetic ones. From the traditional methods of ethnography, the methods of field observation and survey were used. Also, general scientific methods were used in the framework of the study: the descriptive-narrative one, analysis, generalization ones. The article is based on regulatory and legal sources, materials of Internet publications, the results of the All-Russian Population censuses, information collected by the authors during field expedition ethnographic surveys. Results. The role of a settlement and housing complex in ethnic culture was studied, its tourist potential was determined. The problem of preserving traditional settlements, dwellings and outbuildings is currently relevant for many peoples, in connection with which a number of state programs and support measures have been developed to address this issue. A settlement and housing complex is of great interest not only to researchers, but also to tourists, so its inclusion in their routes has become an effective way to attract public attention to preserving traditional buildings. The practice of constructing ethnoparks, ethno-villages, ethnographic museums in the open air with a complex of housing structures and outbuildings has become very relevant at present time. No doubt that their creation requires extensive involvement of accumulated ethnographic materials. Ethnic culture and national languages are mostly preserved in rural areas, which largely determines the need to develop serious support measures by the state in the field of protecting villages with a view to their further large-scale functioning in our country. Conclusions. The use of various sources made it possible to achieve the goal of the study. Preserving the traditional settlement and housing complex of villages is extremely significant, since it is in them that the languages and traditions of peoples are still transmitted from generation to generation, ethnic characteristics are reproduced. Each object of cultural heritage contains a certain layer of in","PeriodicalId":212815,"journal":{"name":"Historical Search","volume":"34 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139156920","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"SIMBIRSK PERIODICAL PRESS ABOUT THE CELEBRATION OF THE RED ARMY DAY: REVISITING THE EARLY HISTORY OF DEFENDER OF THE HOMELAND DAY","authors":"A. Mankov","doi":"10.47026/2712-9454-2023-4-2-13-23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47026/2712-9454-2023-4-2-13-23","url":null,"abstract":"In modern Russia, a state holiday is celebrated annually on February 23 – Defender of the Homeland Day, which has a direct connection with both the history of the Russian state’s army and the country’s active military personnel. The relevance of the author’s current appeal to this topic is primarily due to the special military operation conducted in the Ukraine. The military history of the state, without any doubt, is of interest to those who are concerned about both the current military-political situation in the world and around our country these days. How was this holiday celebrated in the past? What were the festive events in the Russian regions? \u0000 \u0000The purpose of this article is to continue studying the early history of the modern Defender of the Homeland Day on the materials of Simbirsk governorate. \u0000 \u0000Materials and methods. The author uses problem-analytical and chronological research methods, the source base of the work is Simbirsk newspapers dated 1923, as well as memories of the events participants. \u0000 \u0000Study results. The author points out that the Red Army Day in 1923 for the first time became a truly national holiday. Solemn meetings, concerts and other festive events organized by state bodies and public organizations took place throughout the country. The most organized and mass celebration took place in the major cities of the country, which undoubtedly included the capitals of the Union republics. The event under study was widely celebrated in the regional centers of the country. The provincial Middle Volga Simbirsk did not stay away from the national line either. So, a report on the Red Army was planned even in Simbirsk correctional house for prisoners. \u0000 \u0000Conclusions. In 1923, a mandatory attribute of the Red Army Birthday holiday in Russia was holding solemn meetings and meetings of governing bodies and workers at enterprises. At the same time, the practice of holding meetings- performances continued in the cities. Perhaps only the evenings of memories that were associated with the end of the Civil War became new.","PeriodicalId":212815,"journal":{"name":"Historical Search","volume":"116 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124783894","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"THE ORIGINS OF THE ETHNOCULTURAL DIVERSITY OF THE MORDOVIAN REGION","authors":"Albina I. Minakova","doi":"10.47026/2712-9454-2023-4-2-91-96","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47026/2712-9454-2023-4-2-91-96","url":null,"abstract":"The topic of polyethnicity is at its peak of relevance today, since the vast majority of Russian territories are characterized by a multinational population. Polyethnicity of the Russian Federation is determined in the interaction of ethnic communities. One of the most striking examples of a multiethnic subject of the Russian Federation is the Republic of Mordovia. Mordovia is a prosperous ethnopolitical region of Russia, where peoples live “in peace and harmony”. \u0000 \u0000The purpose of the article is a comprehensive examination of the prerequisites for the appearance of representatives belonging to various nationalities in the Mordovian Region, as well as factors that influenced polyethnicity formation in the region as part of the territories that later became part of the Republic of Mordovia. \u0000 \u0000Materials and methods. When writing the scientific publication, scientific and research literature was used, with the help of which it was possible to establish the historical prerequisites for polyethnicity of the Mordovian region. Thanks to the use of the regional studies method, a historical and ethnographic analysis was carried out, which gave the opportunity to identify historical aspects that influenced the formation of the region in line with ethnic diversity. \u0000 \u0000Study results. The polyethnicity in the region began to take shape with the beginning of constructing recorded observation lines from the end of the XVI – the first half of the XVII century, as it follows from historical sources, where it was possible to meet foreigners among the service people. In the Mordovian Region in the specified period, the names of settlements indicate the multinational nature of the peoples living there, for example, the Lithuanians lived in the village of Litva in Krasnoslobodsky district, or another example of a settlement with a foreign population is the village of Lopatino with the Ukrainians located in Lyambirsky district. \u0000 \u0000Conclusions. In historical retrospect, polyethnicity of Mordovia developed over a long period and was accompanied by historical events taking place both in Russia and around the world. The official origins of polyethnicity formation can be attributed to 1897, when a population census was conducted for the first time, according to the results of which people of various nationalities lived in the territories included in the Mordovian Region. By 2010 Mordovia was formed as a multiethnic subject of Russia, which is clearly demonstrated by the official statistical population censuses.","PeriodicalId":212815,"journal":{"name":"Historical Search","volume":"268 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124348195","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"“MEMORY SPACES/LIEUX DE MEMOIRE” AS A MECHANISM FOR PRESERVING THE HISTORICAL MEMORY OF A SOCIETY","authors":"Olga O. Dmitrieva, Maria M. Tumanova, O. N. Shirokov","doi":"10.47026/2712-9454-2023-4-2-73-81","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47026/2712-9454-2023-4-2-73-81","url":null,"abstract":"The article analyzes the concept of a “memory space”. The relevance of the study is due to several aspects: 1) an innovative postmodern approach to the analysis of traditional problems in historical science is used; 2) shared memory is the central link in an identity formation in national societies and the basis for consolidation of the people, which implies the need to study the mechanisms necessary for its actualization. \u0000 \u0000The purpose of the study is a methodological analysis of one of the central concepts in the memorial direction in modern historical science, “memory spaces / lieux de memoire” as a special mechanism to form the historical memory of a society. \u0000 \u0000Materials and methods. The research materials are based on the experience of scientific analysis of memory spaces as a special mechanism for perpetuating the history in the descendants’ public consciousness. The methodological basis of the research is a set of general scientific and special historical methods, as well as the principles of objectivity, historicism and consistency. \u0000 \u0000Study results. Memory spaces represent a unique socio-cultural phenomenon, which is studied by scientists from various fields of humanities within the framework of an interdisciplinary approach. The founder of research in this direction is P. Nora, who first introduced the concept of “lieux de memoire” into scientific circulation in the early 80s of the XX century. To date, no generally accepted terminology has been developed in understanding the nature and essence of the concept “memory spaces”. In this article, they are interpreted as the most important mechanism for preserving the historical memory of a society, used both at the state and public levels. \u0000 \u0000Conclusions. Generalization of foreign experience in the analysis of the phenomenon of “lieux de memoire”, as well as the study of their forms and classification will make it possible in the future to use the obtained material applicable to the most important task of preserving and updating memory spaces of national and regional significance. The analysis of scientific concepts about the nature and the essence of “memory spaces” gives us the opportunity to conclude that they can be any objects of general historical and cultural heritage that preserve the memory about important historical events, provided that they are purposefully given elements of sacralization and a special ritual of veneration.","PeriodicalId":212815,"journal":{"name":"Historical Search","volume":"48 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126690544","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ISSUES OF CITY SELF-GOVERNMENT ON THE PAGES OF YAROSLAVL PERIODICALS OF LIBERAL ORIENTATION OF THE LATE XIX – EARLY XX CENTURY (based on the materials of the newspapers “Golos”, “Severny krai”, “Severnoye slovo”)","authors":"Yaroslav V. Punevskiy","doi":"10.47026/2712-9454-2023-4-2-82-90","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47026/2712-9454-2023-4-2-82-90","url":null,"abstract":"The article is devoted to the study of issues and problems of urban self–government in Russia during the period of 1870 – the first half of 1914 reflected on the pages of Yaroslavl liberal newspapers. In the context of the recent growing interest in the problems of urban self– government, the study of liberal publicists’ position on this issue during the period of the most vivid development in urban self-government in Russia in the late XIX – early XX century is especially significant. \u0000 \u0000The purpose of the article is to identify the nature of covering the issues of urban self-government on the pages of liberal orientation periodicals, those problems that were mainly criticized by the staff of these publishing houses. \u0000 \u0000Materials and methods. To achieve the purpose of the study, the author reviewed all the most significant publications in the newspapers “Golos”, “Severny Krai”, “Severnoye Slovo”, devoted to various aspects of the existence and activities carried out by city self-government bodies in Russia. Issues of city self-government were discussed on the pages of Yaroslavl liberal periodicals quite often, from different angles and on different issues. \u0000 \u0000Study results. The study of these publications demonstrates a predominantly critical nature of considering urban self-government. The main objects of criticism from liberal publicists were the state of the city duma’s budgets, the shortcomings of the electoral system, the lack of initiative from the city duma councillors in solving issues, the lack of full-fledged publicity at the meetings of the city duma, low political activity and disunity of the councillors, their insufficient attention to the problems of the urban grassroots, sporadic and cell-like nature of the activities carried out by city self-government bodies, insufficient development social activities, such as public assistance, public education and health care, as well as a low level of urban public services and amenities. \u0000 \u0000Conclusions. The study showed that the issues of urban self-government on the pages of Yaroslavl periodical liberal publications were quite a popular topic, and were discussed in a clearly critical perspective.","PeriodicalId":212815,"journal":{"name":"Historical Search","volume":"54 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115052671","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"FIGHT AGAINST NEGATIVE MANIFESTATIONS IN INTERETHNIC RELATIONS AMONG WORKERS IN 1928–1932 (based on the materials of the Chuvash ASSR)","authors":"Tatiana V. Yustus","doi":"10.47026/2712-9454-2023-4-2-40-50","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47026/2712-9454-2023-4-2-40-50","url":null,"abstract":"Turning to the experience of Soviet national politics as a subject of research is very relevant. The scientific novelty of the work consists in an attempt to conceptualize topical and important issues of interethnic relations (in particular, negative manifestations on interethnic grounds in labor collectives) in specific historical periods of establishing the Soviet society. \u0000 \u0000The purpose of the study is to study the problem of negative manifestations among workers living in the territory of the Chuvash Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic (Chuvash ASSR) during establishment of early socialism and the experience of overcoming such problems in the specified historical period of 1928–1932 on the basis of the national policy of the Soviet state. \u0000 \u0000Materials and methods. Materials from the State Archive of Modern History of the Chuvash Republic and publications of the republican periodical press were used, which served as a source base for analyzing the issues of interaction and coordination in implementing the decisions of the center, regional authorities and public organizations related to emerging problems in interethnic contacts among the working population. \u0000 \u0000Study results. The policy pursued by the state in the field of national relations affected all spheres of social development, it was in a special way in the manufacturing sector, which plays a system-forming role for establishing a new type of society. In the national autonomies, there was a weak level of the population’s involvement in industrial production due to the absence of large factories in these territories. To solve this problem, additional training programs for working specialties were actively developed and used. To a large extent, new approaches to involving national enclaves in establishing a new society were largely associated with greater conservatism, and everything new was perceived as alien. \u0000 \u0000From 1929 to 1936 the Chuvash ASSR was part of Nizhny Novgorod Region (after 1932 – Gorky Region), initially indigenous peoples lived in the region – the Russians, the Chuvash, the Mari, the Mordovians, the Tatars and other ethnic groups. And that is why increased attention was paid to issues of national policy, especially within the framework of korenization policy carried out throughout the state. The changes taking place in multinational territories aroused additional interest on the part of the central government, which directly contributed to allocating additional resources and opportunities for solving many socio-economic issues. \u0000 \u0000The article presents some problems of interethnic communications, issues of behavior in deviant actions in the labor collectives of various industrial centers of the ChASSR, which in the studied years were assessed as “chauvinistic”. \u0000 \u0000Conclusions. In the issues of industrial development in the years under study, the party and the state carried out a wide political and educational work, which was aimed at spreading the ideology of proletarian ","PeriodicalId":212815,"journal":{"name":"Historical Search","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127633174","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"FROM THE HISTORY OF THE “TATAR ASSOCIATION OF PROLETARIAN WRITERS” (20–30s of the century)","authors":"Aidar N. Yuzeev, Ilyuza G. Mukhametzianova","doi":"10.47026/2712-9454-2023-4-2-34-39","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47026/2712-9454-2023-4-2-34-39","url":null,"abstract":"This article is devoted to the process of formation and activity of the literary organization “the Tatar Association of Proletarian Writers” in the 20–30s of the XX century. \u0000 \u0000The purpose of the article is to study the history of the formation and activity of the literary organization “The Tatar Association of Proletarian Writers”. \u0000 \u0000Materials and methods. The principle of historicism and the method of cultural and historical reconstruction, as well as the descriptive and narrative method, made it possible to systematize the material and show the subject of the study in dynamics and in organic connection with other historical phenomena. Based on archival documents and published sources, the article reflects: the history of the creation and some aspects in the activities of the literary organization “The Tatar Association of Proletarian Writers” in the context of socio-cultural policy in the 20–30s of the XX century. The research materials made it possible to supplement the existing source base and can be used when writing scientific papers and preserving the historical and cultural heritage of the region. \u0000 \u0000Study results. The analysis of the activities carried out by the Tatar Association of Proletarian Writers showed that this literary organization was very active in its desire to establish proletarian culture. \u0000 \u0000Conclusions. In connection with the release of the resolution of the Central Committee of the CPSU(b) dated April 23, 1932 “On Restructuring Literary and Artistic Organizations” the Tatar Association of Proletarian Writers ceased its activities. In the early 30’s of the XX century, a movement aimed at creating a unified literary organization was set out and intensified.","PeriodicalId":212815,"journal":{"name":"Historical Search","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130221194","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"MUHAMMAD AS A HISTORICAL FIGURE IN THE RUSSIAN SCIENCE OF UNIVERSAL HISTORY AT THE BEGINNING OF THE SECOND HALF OF THE XIX CENTURY (on the example of “Essays …” by M.N. Petrov)","authors":"Farit N. Ahmadiev, Igor V. Vostrikov, Gennadiy R. Sharafutdinov","doi":"10.47026/2712-9454-2023-4-2-62-72","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47026/2712-9454-2023-4-2-62-72","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose. To consider the experience of the first in the Russian science of universal history invoking the topic of the Islamic world formation in Arabia at the beginning of the VII century. \u0000 \u0000The article presents the results of studying the classic problem for historical science – the role of personality in history. In our case, the Prophet Muhammad acts as such a character in the context of the “prophet – hero”, as he is considered by some European historians in the middle of the XIX century (T. Carlyle, V. Irving). In contrast, in European orientalism, another opinion is formed about the historical role of the Prophet Muhammad. Its essence lies in complete denial of recognizing for this character any significant role in world history. At best, he is recognized for the merit of creating the Arab state built on new Islamic foundations (A. Sprenger). The purpose of our study is to determine the extent of scientific independence in assessment carried out by the domestic researcher M.N. Petrov, given by him to the Prophet Muhammad. This assessment was made by the author in the book “Essays from Universal History”, published in 1868, i.e. much later than the mentioned studies of European authors. It is obvious to us that M.N. Petrov, relying, of course, on European orientalism, managed to make a number of completely independent conclusions, most importantly, for the first time to include the character of Muhammad in a number of historical personalities in the Russian science of universal history. This is perhaps the obvious result of our research. \u0000 \u0000Materials and methods. The peculiarity in the topic of Islam history for the Russian science of universal history at the beginning of the second half of the XIX century is almost complete absence of domestic developments. This explains why the Russian authors studied actively the experience of European orientalism in the first half – middle of the XIX century, which already had a number of first-class works. In compliance with this, the article actively uses the works of Bokle, Sprenger, Carlyle, etc. as “attracted” material. The research methods are descriptive, comparative-historiographical and biographical ones. \u0000 \u0000In his “Essay …” M.N. Petrov refers to the experience of European orientalism, mainly to the work of the German historian Sprenger “The Life and Teachings of Muhammad”. But in the “Essay …” the works of other European historians are also mentioned: Renan, Saint-Hilaire, Weyl and others. At the same time, M.N. Petrov’s “Essay…” is not at all a historiographical review of European orientalism on the topic of Islam history. \u0000 \u0000Scientific novelty. This is the first example of invoking the beginning of Islamic studies in the Russian historical science with the involvement of extensive historiographical material. \u0000 \u0000This is an independent research work, which largely complements and clarifies the opinion of European historians. By “synthesizing the methods of history, psychology and natural scie","PeriodicalId":212815,"journal":{"name":"Historical Search","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132269317","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"CINEMATIC DISCOURSE OF HISTORY IN THE CAMERA GLASS OF A HISTORIAN","authors":"Lyubov M. Arkhipova","doi":"10.47026/2712-9454-2023-4-2-51-61","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47026/2712-9454-2023-4-2-51-61","url":null,"abstract":"The article is devoted to the interdisciplinary problem of using cinematic interpretations of the historical past in the professional activity of a historian, including its research and educational tasks. \u0000 \u0000The purpose of the study is to create opportunities for a scientifically based definition of a historian’s professional “niche” when he turns to the cinematic discourse of the historical past. \u0000 \u0000Materials and methods. To determine the methodological foundations of selected cognitive models, the principles of neo-positivism, narrative philosophy, methods of discursive analysis of texts, including such features of the language of cinema as imagery and pronounced symbolism, as well as the provisions of phenomenological epistemology, were used. In their unity, these cognitive theories of culture allowed the author of the article to present a verified version of the results obtained by analyzing interpretations of the creative intent of film directors found in the scientific literature. \u0000 \u0000Study results. In the first part of the article, the main debatable aspects of the problem are considered in line with modern scientific trends, convincing of the relevance of the research undertaken. In its second part, the analysis of existing research practices in this field of knowledge is presented, the algorithms for reading historical information in feature films characteristic of each variant are identified and disclosed. \u0000 \u0000Conclusions. The final part of the article contains as results the definition for each of the identified research models, conventionally called “descriptive-informational”, “imagological”, “source studies” and “memorial”. The classification is based on the criterion of goal-setting and the scientific apparatus associated with it – the methodological approach, methods, the object and the subject of research. The author of the article gives assessment of their importance in the interdisciplinary paradigm of scientific historical creativity, thereby determining possible prospects for the development of historians’ research practice in the field of cognition of the past based on cinematography works. It seems obvious that the practical significance of observations proposed by the article’s author about the possibilities of solving the problem posed by not only active, but also critically meaningful inclusion of the cinematic discourse of history in the sphere of research practice and in the construction of educational space.","PeriodicalId":212815,"journal":{"name":"Historical Search","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131755259","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}