Revista Brasileira De Ciencias Farmaceuticas最新文献

{"title":"Estudo pré-analítico e de validação para determinação de malondialdeído em plasma humano por cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência, após derivatização com 2,4-dinitrofenilhidrazina","authors":"Marina Antunes, Camilla Lazzaretti, G. D. Gamaro, Rafael Linden","doi":"10.1590/S1516-93322008000200013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/S1516-93322008000200013","url":null,"abstract":"Malondialdehyde (MDA) is an important biomarker for the evaluation of oxidative stress status. The aim of this study was to develop a method for plasma MDA quantification by high performance liquid chromatography with diode-array detection (HPLC-DAD), following derivatization with 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine (DNPH), evaluating the main preanalytical variables. The calibration curve in plasma (0 to 40 µM) presented high linearity (r² = 0.998). Main validation parameters were: recovery: 78%; LOD: 0.11 µM and LOQ: 0.38 µM. The MDA values obtained in healthy volunteers (n=38) were 3.31 ± 0.38 µM (mean ± SD). Stability studies of MDA standard solution and derivatizing reagent and plasma MDA indicated that the standard solution can be stored at -20 and 4 oC, remaining stable for at least 30 days.","PeriodicalId":21193,"journal":{"name":"Revista Brasileira De Ciencias Farmaceuticas","volume":"115 20 1","pages":"279-287"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84205321","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Uso do óleo de pequi (Caryocar brasiliense) em emulsões cosméticas: desenvolvimento e avaliação da estabilidade física","authors":"Aline Rocha Pianovski, Adrea Fernanda Gonçalves Vilela, A. Silva, Cleide Garbelini Lima, Ketlyn Konageski da Silva, V. Carvalho, Carlo Ralph De Musis, S. R. Machado, M. Ferrari","doi":"10.1590/S1516-93322008000200010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/S1516-93322008000200010","url":null,"abstract":"The aims of this study were to development and evaluated the physical stability of O/W emulsions containing \"Pequi\" oil (Caryocar brasiliense). O/W emulsions containing 10.0% (w/w) of Pequi oil were prepared, and to improve the stability, the carbomer, magnesium sulfate, sodium chloride and sorbitan oleate were added and studied. The direction of the emulsions was evaluated by dilution method and by macroscopic analysis, the appearance, homogeneity and organoleptic properties were evaluated. The centrifugation, freeze/defrost cycles and stress thermal were used to investigate the preliminary stability. To evaluate the accelerated stability, the samples were stored at different stress conditions and evaluated the pH value, macroscopic analysis and rheological behaviour. The O/W emulsions prepared with Pequi oil, 0.3% (w/w) of Acrylates/C10-30 Alkyl Acrilate Crosspolymer and 0.2% (w/w) of Carbomer have been found to be stables. These presented pseudoplastic flow behaviour and thixotropy. The macroscopic characteristics, the pH values and the values of the apparent viscosity, both consistency and flow index and hysteresis areas during aging indicated good long-term stability of this formulation.","PeriodicalId":21193,"journal":{"name":"Revista Brasileira De Ciencias Farmaceuticas","volume":"80 1","pages":"249-259"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75906374","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Estabilidade e estudo de penetração cutânea in vitro da rutina veiculada em uma emulsão cosmética através de um modelo de biomembrana alternativo","authors":"André Rolim Baby, Carlos Alberto Haroutiounian-Filho, Fernanda Daud Sarruf, Carlos Roberto Tavante-Júnior, Claudinéia Aparecida Sales de Oliveira Pinto, Vivian Zague, E. P. G. Arêas, Telma Mary Kaneko, M. V. Velasco","doi":"10.1590/S1516-93322008000200009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/S1516-93322008000200009","url":null,"abstract":"Rutin is employed as antioxidant and to prevent the capillary fragility and, when incorporated in cosmetic emulsions, it must target the action site. In vitro cutaneous penetration studies through human skin is the ideal situation, however, there are difficulties to obtain and to maintain this tissue viability. Among the membrane models, shed snake skin presents itself as pure stratum corneum, providing barrier function similar to human and it is obtained without the animal sacrifice. The objectives of this research were the development and stability evaluation of a cosmetic emulsion containing rutin and propylene glycol (penetration enhancer) and the evaluation of rutin in vitro cutaneous penetration and retention from the emulsion, employing an alternative model biomembrane. Emulsion was developed with rutin and propylene glycol, both at 5.0% w/w. Active substance presented on the formulation was quantified by a validated spectrophotometric method at 361.0 nm. Rutin cutaneous penetration and retention was performed in vertical diffusion cells with shed snake skin of Crotalus durissus, as alternative model biomembrane, and distilled water and ethanol 99.5% (1:1), as receptor fluid. The experiment was conducted for six hours, at 37.0 ± 0.5 oC with constant stirring of 300 rpm. Spectrophotometry at 410.0 nm, previously validated, determined the active substance after cutaneous penetration/retention. Emulsion did not promote rutin cutaneous penetration through C. durissus skin, retaining 0.931 ± 0.0391 mg rutin/mg shed snake skin. The referred formulation was chemically stable for 30 days after stored at 25.0 ± 2.0 oC, 5.0 ± 0.5 oC and 45.0 ± 0.5 oC. In conclusion, it has not been verified the active cutaneous penetration through the model biomembrane, but only its retention on the Crotalus durissus stratum corneum, condition considered stable for 30 days.","PeriodicalId":21193,"journal":{"name":"Revista Brasileira De Ciencias Farmaceuticas","volume":"71 1","pages":"233-248"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85880255","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Inquérito farmacoepidemiológico de pacientes de meia idade e idosos em três comunidades de Cascavel, PR - Brasil: Verificação evolutiva do conhecimento terapêutico","authors":"J. Teixeira, F. G. Cano, A. C. Sanches, T. A. Carniel, Deborah Schneider","doi":"10.1590/S1516-93322008000200015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/S1516-93322008000200015","url":null,"abstract":"Variables on therapeutic knowledge in pre- and post-intervention periods and the social and demographic characteristics of 80 middle-aged and elderly (45 years or more) patients in three parish communities in Cascavel, PR - Brazil are provided. A pharmacoepidemiological survey was developed; a prospective study between November 2003 and December 2004 was undertaken; data were collected in a semi-structured form. Females (82.5%) were predominant; average age 67.3 years old; schooling less than 8 years; most of them married (57.5%); only the couple inhabits the house (63.7%); income 1 to 3 salaries (80%); mean numbers of prescribed medicines pre- and post-intervention were 4.3 and 3.5, respectively. Medicine for the cardiovascular system (48.2%) was the most described (48.2%). Variables - reading information on drug and its frequency, knowledge on the medicine used and importance of information - were statistically non-significant, although difference in relative frequency from the pre- to the post-intervention period existed. Nevertheless, difference with regard to degree of progress in results shows clinical relevance with a favorable trend towards the benefit/risk ratio.","PeriodicalId":21193,"journal":{"name":"Revista Brasileira De Ciencias Farmaceuticas","volume":"124 1","pages":"297-303"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73375714","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Utilização de um sistema de gerenciamento de benefícios farmacêuticos (PBM) para a caracterização do perfil de prescrição e aquisição de antibióticos","authors":"A. Lima, Neucenir Roberti Gallani, M. I. D. Toledo, Luciane Cruz Lopes","doi":"10.1590/S1516-93322008000200007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/S1516-93322008000200007","url":null,"abstract":"Pharmacy Benefits Management (PBM), a system that manages benefits in the purchase and sale of drugs, is of relatively recent implementation in Brazil. Taking into account that the development of bacterial resistance is related to the inadequate prescription of antibiotics or to the use of low activity antibiotics, this study sought to assess the capability of PBM to provide useful information on the profiles of prescription and purchase of systemic antibiotics. The data used for this purpose were collected from the database of a Brazilian PBM company and related to a group of 6 525 metalworkers of a company located in the region of Campinas, SP, and to their dependents, covering the period from January to April 2005. Of the drugs purchased, 7.7% were systemic antibiotics, with a mean of 2.4 antibiotics and a mean cost of R$ 51.80 per prescription. Amoxicillin was the most prescribed drug. In 92.7% of cases, users purchased the prescribed drug within one day of the medical visit. Based on the lists of purchased pharmaceutical specialties (per retail package), manufacturers, antibiotics present in the composition of each product, prescription dates, and dispensation dates, the system was found capable of providing relevant information on the theme investigated.","PeriodicalId":21193,"journal":{"name":"Revista Brasileira De Ciencias Farmaceuticas","volume":"32 1","pages":"215-223"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77837532","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of in vitro percutaneous enhancement effect of papain and pequi oil on diclofenac sodium permeation through human skin","authors":"P. S. Lopes, C. A. S. O. Pinto, A. Baby, M. V. Velasco, M. Taqueda, T. M. Kaneko","doi":"10.1590/S1516-93322008000200008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/S1516-93322008000200008","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this research was to determine the potential of papain and pequi oil as penetration enhancers for diclofenac sodium (DS) across human skin in vitro. The permeation studies were conducted with vertical diffusion cells. The enhancers were associated or not in gels in different concentrations. In vitro studies reveled that papain 0.2% (w/v) presented an elevated enhancer property for diclofenac sodium (J = 0.3369 mg/cm2x h). Pequi oil 10% (w/v) generated a reduced flux value (J = 0.1848 mg/cm2x h) and a combination of both enhancers presented a medium value of J = 0.2187 mg/cm2x h. Papain was found to be better enhancer than pequi oil.","PeriodicalId":21193,"journal":{"name":"Revista Brasileira De Ciencias Farmaceuticas","volume":"34 1","pages":"225-231"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81154684","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Erros de administração de antimicrobianos identificados em estudo multicêntrico brasileiro","authors":"T. Marques, A. M. Reis, A. E. B. D. C. Silva, Fernanda Raphael Escobar Gimenes, Simone Perufo Opitz, Thalyta Cardoso Alux Teixeira, Rhanna Emanuela Fontenele Lima, S. Cassiani","doi":"10.1590/S1516-93322008000200016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/S1516-93322008000200016","url":null,"abstract":"Medication administration errors (MAE) are the most frequent kind of medication errors. Errors with antimicrobial drugs (AD) are relevant because they may interfere in patient safety and in the development of microbial resistance. The aim of this study is to analyze the AD errors detected in a Brazilian multicentric study of MAE. It was a descriptive and exploratory study carried out in clinical units in five Brazilian teaching hospitals. The hospitals were investigated during 30 days. MAE were detected by observation technique. MAE were classified in categories: wrong route(WR), wrong patient(WP), wrong dose(WD) wrong time (WT) and unordered drug (UD). AD with MAE were classified by Anatomical-Therapeutical-Chemical Classification System. AD with narrow therapeutic index (NTI) were identified. A descriptive statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 11.5 software. A total of 1500 errors were observed, 277 (18.5%) of them were errors with AD. The types of AD error were: WT 87.7%, WD 6.9%, WR 1.5%, UD 3.2% and WP 0.7%. The number of AD found was 36. The mostly ATC class were fluoroquinolones 13.9%, combinations of penicillin 13.9%, macrolides 8.3% and third-generation cephalosporins 5.6%. The parenteral drug dosage form was associated with 55.6% of AD. 16.7% of AD were NTI. 47.4% of WD and 21.8% WT were with NTI drugs. This study shows that these errors should be considered potential areas for improvement in the medication process and patient safety plus there is requirement to develop rational drug use of AD.","PeriodicalId":21193,"journal":{"name":"Revista Brasileira De Ciencias Farmaceuticas","volume":"31 1","pages":"305-314"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80157672","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Desenvolvimento e validao do ensaio de dissoluo para captopril em cpsulas magistrais por CLAE","authors":"Roberta de Cássia Pimentel Azevedo, Gislaine Pereira Ribeiro, M. Araújo","doi":"10.1590/S1516-93322008000200011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/S1516-93322008000200011","url":null,"abstract":"Captopril is an anti-hypertensive and vasodilator agent utilized in the congestive cardiac insufficiency and it can be commercially found in Brazil in the form of tablets and compounded capsules. The aim of this study was to evaluate the dissolution profile of captopril in capsules dosage obtained from compounded pharmacies, when submitted to different conditions of pH, apparatus, stirring speed of dissolution medium and analytical method, as well the validation of the dissolution procedure and of the method of analysis. The drug concentrations in dissolution medium were determined by liquid chromatography and ultraviolet spectrophotometric. The results showed that the chromatographic method was the most suitable for captopril capsules evaluation, while the spectrophometric method (recommended by the Brazilian and the United States Pharmacopeias) presented low specificity. The dissolution procedure in the selected conditions was precise, accurate and specific. The method was linear. With base in the results obtained the conditions of dissolution test for capsules were the use of 0.01 M HCl (900 mL, 37 ± 0.5 oC), basket apparatus, stirring speed 50 rpm, 20 minutes time and quantification by chromatographic method. All the capsules presented satisfactory results in all the tests assessed.","PeriodicalId":21193,"journal":{"name":"Revista Brasileira De Ciencias Farmaceuticas","volume":"61 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83911318","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Abordagem racional no planejamento de novos tuberculostáticos: inibidores da InhA, enoil-ACP redutase do M. tuberculosis","authors":"C. Andrade, K. F. M. Pasqualoto, Marcio H. Zaim, E. I. Ferreira","doi":"10.1590/S1516-93322008000200002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/S1516-93322008000200002","url":null,"abstract":"In conjunction with the spread of HIV infection, tuberculosis (TB) has been among the worldwide health threats. Mycobacteria resistance to the drugs currently used in the therapeutics is the main cause of TB resurgence. In view of this severe situation, the new and selective anti-TB design is of utmost importance. Fatty acid biosynthesis is a prokariontes and eucariontes biochemical process that supplies essential precursors for the assembly of important cellular components, such as phospholipids, lipoproteins, lipopolysaccharides, mycolic acids and cellular envelope. However, the biochemical and functional differences between the bacterial and mammals' fatty acid synthetic pathway have endowed the mycobacterial enzymes with distinct properties. These provide valuable opportunities for structure- or catalytic mechanism-based design of selective inhibitors as novel anti-TB drugs with improved properties. The enoyl-reductases are essential enzymes in the fatty acids elongation pathway towards the mycolic acids, the main mycobacteria cell wall constituents, biosynthesis and so they are potential targets to the rational new antimycobacteria drug design. This paper highlights recent approaches regarding the design of new anti-TB agents, particularly, the enoyl-ACP reductase inhibitors.","PeriodicalId":21193,"journal":{"name":"Revista Brasileira De Ciencias Farmaceuticas","volume":"279 1","pages":"167-179"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73696940","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efeito do exercício físico nos fatores de risco de doenças crônicas em mulheres obesas","authors":"Silvia Vieira da Silva Rocca, Júlio Tirapegui, Camila Maria de Melo, S. Ribeiro","doi":"10.1590/S1516-93322008000200004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/S1516-93322008000200004","url":null,"abstract":"This study aimed to evaluate the effects of physical exercise on body weight reduction. For 12 weeks, 22 obese women (BMI>;30 kg/m²) were submitted to a physical exercise program. At the beginning and at the final of the program there were evaluated: BMI, waist (WC) and hip circumferences (HC), and waist-hip ratio (WHR); body composition by DEXA; hemoglobin and erythrocyte, total cholesterol, HDL and LDL, triacylglycerol and blood glucose; aerobic power. At the final of the program, aerobic power, hemoglobin and erythrocyte values were significantly increased, confirming the physical training effects. Related to anthropometric values, only the visceral fat (WC, HC and WHR) were reduced. The exercise shows to be an important supporting in the body weight loss program, not exactly promoting body weight loss, but lowering risk factors to develop chronic diseases.","PeriodicalId":21193,"journal":{"name":"Revista Brasileira De Ciencias Farmaceuticas","volume":"30 1","pages":"185-192"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82036276","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}