Revista Brasileira De Ciencias Farmaceuticas最新文献

{"title":"Morphoanatomic aspects and phytochemical screening of Plinia edulis (Vell.) Sobral (Myrtaceae)","authors":"T. Ishikawa, E. T. Kato, Massayoshi Yoshida, T. M. Kaneko","doi":"10.1590/S1516-93322008000300023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/S1516-93322008000300023","url":null,"abstract":"Plinia edulis (Myrtaceae), popularly known as \"cambuca\", is a Brazilian medicinal plant employed in the treatment of stomach problems and throat affections by the \"caicaras\", fishermen of coastal localities. Aiming to contribute with the species knowledge the leaves of P. edulis were analyzed macro and microscopically and the chemical composition of the volatile oil was determined using a combination of GC/MS and retention indices. The antimicrobial assay and the phytochemical screening of the aqueous ethanol extract of the leaves have been performed to correlate the secondary metabolites and the traditional use. Leaves present morphological characteristics of others Myrtaceae species and some particularities, such as the circular idioblasts in number of 2 to 4, scattered perpendicularly at the adaxial surface, with druses or prismatic crystals. In the volatile oil fifteen components have been identified, of which epi-α-cadinol (21.7%), α-cadinol (20.2%) and trans-caryophyllene (14.2%) were major. The phytochemical screening of the aqueous ethanol extract showed the presence of substances with pharmacological interest, such as flavonoids, tannins, saponins and terpenoids but, despite of the presence of these classes, the extract did not inhibit the growth of Aspergillus niger, Candida albicans, Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus in a concentration of 1,000 mg/mL.","PeriodicalId":21193,"journal":{"name":"Revista Brasileira De Ciencias Farmaceuticas","volume":"59 1","pages":"515-520"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84302770","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Avaliação dos efeitos depressores centrais do extrato etanólico das folhas de Synadenium umbellatum Pax. e de suas frações em camundongos albinos","authors":"Rodrigo Borges de Oliveira, M. V. Nascimento, M. Valadares, J. R. Paula, Elson Alves Costa, L. C. Cunha","doi":"10.1590/S1516-93322008000300019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/S1516-93322008000300019","url":null,"abstract":"Synadenium umbellatum Pax. (Euphorbiacea) is a native plant from tropical Africa known as \"cola-nota\", \"avelos\", \"cancerola\", \"milagrosa\", among others. The plant is used by Brazilian folks for having anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties, among others. It was evaluated the depressor effects over the central nervous system (CNS) of the ethanolic extract of the leaves of Synadenium umbellatum (EES) and its fractions - hexane (HF), chloroformic (CF) and methanol/water fractions(MF). Several tests were used in Swiss mice (Mus musculus), among them, barbiturate-induced sleep, open field and rota-rod test. The EES was tested at 25, 50 and 100 mg/kg doses, while the HF was tested at 10 mg/kg dose, the CF at 20 mg/kg dose and the MF at 25 mg/kg dose. The EES and the HF and the CF fractions, but not the MF, have presented a possible depressor effect over the CNS once they were able to increase the stop time and decrease the number of fecal boli on the open field, besides they were able to potencialize the barbiturate-induced sleep. The rota-rod test showed that the EES and the fractions were not able to cause motor incoordination or muscle relax. Therefore, we conclude that Synadenium umbellatum Pax. have a possible depressor effect over the CNS.","PeriodicalId":21193,"journal":{"name":"Revista Brasileira De Ciencias Farmaceuticas","volume":"52 1","pages":"485-491"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89416134","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Presença de excipientes com potencial para indução de reações adversas em medicamentos comercializados no Brasil","authors":"A. Silva, S. G. Fonseca, Paulo Sérgio Dourado Arrais, Eudiana Vale Francelino","doi":"10.1590/S1516-93322008000300009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/S1516-93322008000300009","url":null,"abstract":"Pharmaceutical excipients can be responsible for many ADR. The objectives of this study were to identify the presence of possible excipients as cause of ADR in drugs commercialized in Brazil. Twelve medicines with high indices of sales in Brazil, were selected to analysis. The bibliographic research about the Pharmaceutical Preparations (PP) was carried from August to September/04. The sources of information used were Pharmaceutical Specialties Dictionary, web sites and customer services from the manufacturers and technical files of the National Agency of Sanitary Vigilance. The excipients were detected as a whole and also the compounds that may cause adverse reactions and its risks to the health. They were identified 35 PP. Of these, 26 were classified as Over-The-Counter medicines (OTC) (71.4%) and 15 of paediatric use (42.8%). Between the excipients identified (n=100), 9 were possible causes of ADR: metylparaben, propylparaben, yellow dye tartrazine, sodium bissulfit, sodium benzoate, lactose, benzalkonium chloride, sorbitol and benzilic alcohol, being identified in 7 use in paediatric (19.0%) and 12 of OTC (32.4%). The results shows the need of more attention from the health professionals, the patient and the development of evaluation by the pharmacovigilance systems, of the presence of excipients as possible inductors of ADR.","PeriodicalId":21193,"journal":{"name":"Revista Brasileira De Ciencias Farmaceuticas","volume":"1 1","pages":"397-405"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88495948","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Organophosphate and carbamate poisonings in the northwest of Paraná state, Brazil from 1994 to 2005: clinical and epidemiological aspects","authors":"A. Ferreira, E. Maroco, M. Yonamine, Magda Lúcia Féllix de Oliveira","doi":"10.1590/S1516-93322008000300010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/S1516-93322008000300010","url":null,"abstract":"In the present study, clinical and epidemiological aspects of 529 intoxication cases of organophosphate or carbamate pesticides in the northwest of the state of Parana, Brazil, over a twelve-year period (1994-2005), are presented. One hundred-five of 257 patients (40.8%) who attempted suicide were admitted to Intensive Care Units (ICUs), with an average hospital stay of two days (range 1-40 days). Men corresponded to 56.4% of the cases of suicide attempts and sixteen individuals died. One hundred-forty patients intoxicated due to occupational exposure were all young adults and nine of them were admitted to ICU, with average hospital stays of eight days (range 1-16 days). Of these cases, two patients died. One hundred twenty-four patients intoxicated due to accidental exposure were mainly children and had a hospital average stay of four days. Twenty patients were admitted to the ICU, and one of them died. Overall complications included respiratory failure, convulsions, and aspiration pneumonia. Deliberate ingestion of organophosphates and carbamates was much more toxic than occupational and accidental exposure. Men aged 15-39 years were the most likely to attempt suicide with these agents and had more prolonged ICU with significant complications and mortality.","PeriodicalId":21193,"journal":{"name":"Revista Brasileira De Ciencias Farmaceuticas","volume":"33 1","pages":"407-415"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82581155","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Triazenos e atividade antibacteriana","authors":"Manfredo Hörner, Vinícius Feltrin Giglio, A. Santos, A. Westphalen, B. A. Iglesias, P. Martins, C. H. Amaral, Tiago Mozzaquatro Michelot, Luiz Gustavo Brenner Reetz, Claudia de Mello Bertoncheli, Gustavo Luiz Paraginski, Rosmari Hörner","doi":"10.1590/S1516-93322008000300014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/S1516-93322008000300014","url":null,"abstract":"Fifteen triazenes compounds were studied concerning their antibacterial activity by broth microdilution method. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) was determined with E. coli ATCC 25922, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853, Acinetobacter baumannii, Acinetobacter lwoffii, Ralstonia pickettii, Bordetella bronchiseptica, Micrococcus sp., Enterococcus sp., Staphylococcus epidermidis, Staphylococcus saprophyticus, Streptococcus agalactiae, Bacillus cereus, Corynebacterium sp., Rhodococcus sp., Salmonella sp., Serratia marcescens, Morganella morganii, Enterobacter cloacae, Shigella flexneri, Shigella sonnei, Shigella sp., Klebsiella pneumoniae, ESBL Klebsiella oxytoca 14, ESBL Klebsiella pneumoniae 23, ESBL Klebsiella pneumoniae 24, ESBL Klebsiella pneumoniae 25, ESBL Escherichia coli 26, ESBL Klebsiella pneumoniae 27, ESBL Klebsiella pneumoniae 31, ESBL Escherichia coli 32, ESBL Klebsiella pneumoniae 37 e ESBL Escherichia coli 38. The highest effect was evidenced by the compound 1-methyl-3-(p-carboxyphenyl)triazene 1-oxide (2) against Streptococcus agalactiae (MIC = 16 µg/mL and MBC = 32 µg/mL). The compounds 1-phenyl-3-(4-nitrophenyl)triazene-1-oxide (9), 1-(4-nitrophenyl)-3-(4-carboxyphenyl)triazene (10) e 1-(4-acethyl amine phenyl)-3-(4-carboxyphenyl)triazene (11) presented MIC between 32 and 64 µg/mL against S. edipermidis, S. saprophyticus, Rhodococcus sp. and E. cloacae. The compounds 1-methyl-3-phenyltriazene-1-oxide (1) , bis-1,3-(4-acethyl oxime)triazene (3), bis-1,3 (4-acethyl phenyl)triazene (4), 1-(2-fluorophenyl)-3-(4-acethylphenyl)triazene (5), 1,3-(3-hydroxy-diphenyltriazenide)(piridil)(bis-oxo-vanadium) (12), 1-(3-nitrophenyl)-3-phenyltriazene (14), 1-(4-nitrophenyl)-3-benzyltriazene (15) presented MIC of the 128 µg/mL against S. aureus ATCC 25923, P. aeruginosa ATCC 27853, A. lwoffii, Micrococcus sp., S. epidermidis, S. saprophyticus, Corynebacterirum sp., E. cloacae, S. flenneri e S. sonnei. The compounds 1-phenyl-3-(4-acethylphenyl)triazene (6), 1,3-bis-(4-ethoxycarbonylphenyl) triazene (7), and 3-(4-carboxylatephenyl)-1-methyltriazene 1-oxide of potassium tetrahydrate (13) presented MICs equals or highest than 128 µg/mL. The results have demonstrated the potential biological activity of these compounds against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria.","PeriodicalId":21193,"journal":{"name":"Revista Brasileira De Ciencias Farmaceuticas","volume":"24 1","pages":"441-449"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87049517","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Avaliação das características físico-químicas e fitoquímicas de diferentes tinturas de barbatimão (Stryphnodendron barbatiman)","authors":"Patrícia Nunes da Fonsêca, A. Librandi","doi":"10.1590/S1516-93322008000200012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/S1516-93322008000200012","url":null,"abstract":"As a consequence of the large distribution and use of medicinal plants, the industries are producing products based on plant species in various pharmaceutical forms, which have been commercialized in pharmacies and natural products homes. However, there is no guarantee for the vast majority of these products, as to their effectiveness, safety and quality, which may cause risks to the health of consumers. Therefore it is important the establishment of standardized protocols of quality control for phytotherapeutic products. Tinctures of barbatimao are available in the Brazilian market proceeding from diverse manufacturers. With the purpose to evaluate the difference between the quality of tinctures of barbatimao proceeding from four manufacturers, a comparative study of physico-chemical and phytochemical characteristics was carried out. For physico-chemical analysis, the pH, density, dry residue and tannins content were evaluated. The phytochemical analysis was made using thin layer chromatography. The differences observed in physico-chemical and phytochemical characteristics had evidenced the lack of standardization in the production of these tinctures.","PeriodicalId":21193,"journal":{"name":"Revista Brasileira De Ciencias Farmaceuticas","volume":"66 1","pages":"271-277"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74106655","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Conhecimento sobre o tratamento farmacológico em pacientes com doença renal crônica","authors":"L. B. Moreira, Paula Frassinetti Camurça Castelo Branco Fernandes, Francisca Sueli Monte, Rita Izabel Monteiro Galvão, Alice Maria Costa Martins","doi":"10.1590/S1516-93322008000200017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/S1516-93322008000200017","url":null,"abstract":"The suitable patients' medication knowledge is a essential factor for the medication compliance. The level of medication knowledge in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and the medication knowledge associated factors were assessed in a cross-sectional study performed with 130 subjects from a nephrology outpatient university clinic, continuously taking some self-administered drug from the C, H02 or L04 groups of the Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical classification system and who were not on a kidney replacement therapy. The level of medication knowledge was measured through a researcher-administered questionnaire and a score ranking from zero to ten points. Three levels of knowledge were defined: low (less than six points), moderate (six to eight points) and high (more than 8 points). The patients' medication knowledge average score was 7.8 ± 1.7 points and 51.5% of the patients showed low or moderate level of knowledge. The factors associated to the high level of medication knowledge were: fast decline of the glomerular filtration rate, control of the blood pressure and the patients' belief that they suffered adverse drug reaction to any of the prescribed medicines. Most patients had insufficient knowledge for a safe and effective use of prescribed medicines, so a better patient counseling is necessary.","PeriodicalId":21193,"journal":{"name":"Revista Brasileira De Ciencias Farmaceuticas","volume":"69 1","pages":"315-325"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80279343","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Radiofarmácia e radiofármacos no Brasil: aspectos sanitários e fabris para a construção de uma linha de produção de radiofármacos PET","authors":"Ralph Santos Oliveira, Clayton Augusto Benevides, S. Hwang, R.P.C Salvi, Ione Maria Acioly Teixeira Ricarte de Freitas","doi":"10.1590/S1516-93322008000200003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/S1516-93322008000200003","url":null,"abstract":"O aumento do uso de radiofarmacos PET (Positron Emission Tomography) vem chamando a atencao dos profissionais da area de Medicina Nuclear e Farmacia, assim como das agencias reguladoras. O objetivo e prover parâmetros estruturais e legais minimos como uma referencia nacional em radiofarmacia, que possam auxiliar as agencias regulatorias, focando principalmente no projeto fabril.","PeriodicalId":21193,"journal":{"name":"Revista Brasileira De Ciencias Farmaceuticas","volume":"1 1","pages":"181-184"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89807716","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Avaliação da pectina fosfatada aplicada na formação de filmes isolados: Material candidato a novos sistemas para liberação modificada de fármacos","authors":"João Philype Andrade Souto-Maior, A. V. Reis, Liliane Neves Pedreiro, Osvaldo Albuquerque Cavalcanti","doi":"10.1590/S1516-93322008000200006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/S1516-93322008000200006","url":null,"abstract":"Phosphated pectin (Pect-TMFT) together with α-gluco-oligossacaride (Bioecolians®) were incorporated into aqueous dispersion of polymethacrylate (Eudragit® RS 30 D) to obtain free films by the casting process (50oC) in Teflon® plate. Pect-TMFT and Bioecolians® were added into dispersions of Eudragit ® RS 30 D at different rates: 90:05:05, 80:10:10 and 70:20:10 (4% p/v). Triethyl citrate (TEC) was used as plasticizer (20% of mass of the polymethacrylate). The proposed dispersions showed film formation ability. The free films were characterized by the determination of water vapour transmission (WVT), by the swelling index (Ii%) in fluids of gastric simulation (FGS) and intestinal (FIS) and by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The increase of modified polysaccharide and Bioecolians® in the films favored their permeability to the water vapour and their hydration degree when in FIS (pH = 6.8). In that way, the obtained film in the concentration 70:20:10, can prevent the premature release of the drug in the up GIT when applied to develop oral solid systems coating. Besides, the presence of Pect-TMFT and Bioecolians® can contribute to the specific membrane degradation by colonic microflora enzymes, making possible a modified release kinetics of drugs even with the existence of inter-individual variations of pH.","PeriodicalId":21193,"journal":{"name":"Revista Brasileira De Ciencias Farmaceuticas","volume":"81 1 1","pages":"203-213"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77368058","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reflexão para novas decisões","authors":"Leila Rangel de Carvalho Aranha","doi":"10.1590/S1516-93322008000200001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/S1516-93322008000200001","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21193,"journal":{"name":"Revista Brasileira De Ciencias Farmaceuticas","volume":"42 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83285571","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}