Reviews of Geophysics最新文献

{"title":"","authors":"","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21177,"journal":{"name":"Reviews of Geophysics","volume":"64 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":37.3,"publicationDate":"2026-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148064252","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Frozen Soil Hydrological Processes and Their Effects: A Review and Synthesis","authors":"Ying Zhao,&nbsp;Ce Zheng,&nbsp;Alexander Gelfan,&nbsp;Kunio Watanabe,&nbsp;Haojie Liu,&nbsp;Stephanie Wright,&nbsp;Xiaolong Wu,&nbsp;William Quinton,&nbsp;Yi Wang,&nbsp;Shuhua Yi,&nbsp;Yongyong Zhang,&nbsp;Yujie Shi,&nbsp;Wentao Jiao","doi":"10.1029/2024RG000839","DOIUrl":"10.1029/2024RG000839","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Frozen soils, including seasonally frozen ground and permafrost, are rapidly changing under a warming climate, with cascading effects on water, energy, and carbon cycles. We synthesize recent advances in the physics, observation, and modeling of frozen-soil hydrology, emphasizing freeze–thaw dynamics, infiltration regimes and preferential flow, groundwater–permafrost interactions (including talik development and advective heat), and resulting shifts in streamflow seasonality. Progress in in situ sensing, geophysics, and remote sensing now resolves unfrozen water, freezing fronts, and active-layer dynamics across scales, while land-surface and tracer-aided hydrological models increasingly represent phase change, macropore bypass, and vapor transport. Thaw-induced activation of subsurface pathways alters recharge and baseflow, influences vegetation and biogeochemistry, and modulates greenhouse-gas emissions. Key uncertainties persist in scaling micro-scale processes, parameterizing ice-impeded hydraulics, and representing abrupt thaw and wetland dynamics. We outline a tiered modeling framework, priority observations, and integration of vegetation–hydrology–carbon processes to improve projections of cold-region water resources and climate feedbacks.</p>","PeriodicalId":21177,"journal":{"name":"Reviews of Geophysics","volume":"64 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":37.3,"publicationDate":"2026-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1029/2024RG000839","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145894816","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"","authors":"","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21177,"journal":{"name":"Reviews of Geophysics","volume":"63 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":37.3,"publicationDate":"2025-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148130015","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rethinking Global Soil Degradation: Drivers, Impacts, and Solutions","authors":"Nima Shokri,&nbsp;David A. Robinson,&nbsp;Mehdi Afshar,&nbsp;Christine Alewell,&nbsp;Milad Aminzadeh,&nbsp;Emmanuel Arthur,&nbsp;Nils Broothaerts,&nbsp;Grant A. Campbell,&nbsp;Lina Eklund,&nbsp;Surya Gupta,&nbsp;Richard Harper,&nbsp;Amirhossein Hassani,&nbsp;Cathy Hohenegger,&nbsp;Thomas Keller,&nbsp;Maximilian Kiener,&nbsp;Inma Lebron,&nbsp;Kaveh Madani,&nbsp;Tshilidzi Marwala,&nbsp;Francis Matthews,&nbsp;Per Moldrup,&nbsp;Attila Nemes,&nbsp;Panos Panagos,&nbsp;Remus Prăvălie,&nbsp;Matthias C. Rillig,&nbsp;Philipp Saggau,&nbsp;Salome M. S. Shokri-Kuehni,&nbsp;Pete Smith,&nbsp;Amy Thomas,&nbsp;Lis Wollesen de Jonge,&nbsp;Dani Or","doi":"10.1029/2025RG000883","DOIUrl":"10.1029/2025RG000883","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The increasing threat of soil degradation presents significant challenges to soil health, especially within agroecosystems that are vital for food security, climate regulation, and economic stability. This growing concern arises from intricate interactions between land use practices and climatic conditions, which, if not addressed, could jeopardize sustainable development and environmental resilience. This review offers a comprehensive examination of soil degradation, including its definitions, global prevalence, underlying mechanisms, and methods of measurement. It underscores the connections between soil degradation and land use, with a focus on socio-economic consequences. Current assessment methods frequently depend on insufficient data, concentrate on singular factors, and utilize arbitrary thresholds, potentially resulting in misclassification and misguided decisions. We analyze these shortcomings and investigate emerging methodologies that provide scalable and objective evaluations, offering a more accurate representation of soil vulnerability. Additionally, the review assesses both physical and biological indicators, as well as the potential of technologies such as remote sensing, artificial intelligence, and big data analytics for enhanced monitoring and forecasting. Key factors driving soil degradation, including unsustainable agricultural practices, deforestation, industrial activities, and extreme climate events, are thoroughly examined. The review emphasizes the importance of healthy soils in achieving the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals, particularly concerning food and water security, ecosystem health, poverty alleviation, and climate action. It suggests future research directions that prioritize standardized metrics, interdisciplinary collaboration, and predictive modeling to facilitate more integrated and effective management of soil degradation in the context of global environmental changes.</p>","PeriodicalId":21177,"journal":{"name":"Reviews of Geophysics","volume":"63 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":37.3,"publicationDate":"2025-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1029/2025RG000883","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145665209","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Understanding the Lab-Field Discrepancy in Mineral Dissolution From Flasks to Enhanced Rock Weathering","authors":"S. L. Brantley","doi":"10.1029/2025RG000881","DOIUrl":"10.1029/2025RG000881","url":null,"abstract":"<p>For decades it has been observed that rates of silicate mineral reactions appear slower in field settings than when measured in the laboratory. Since the 1980s, researchers have proposed explanations for the discrepancy. Over that time, researchers have also advanced the state of laboratory and field rate measurements as well as models of mineral-water reaction kinetics at different temporal and spatial scales. Developments in reactive transport modeling are constantly whittling away at the discrepancy as models are improved, coupled to hydrologic models, and driven by climate data. The lab-field discrepancy has great relevance today because of the proposal that weathering of silicates (especially basalts) could be accelerated to remove CO₂ from the atmosphere and sequester it either as aqueous alkalinity or as carbonate mineral precipitate. Such “enhanced rock weathering” relies on mining and grinding silicate rock for dispersal on farmland to enable weathering by carbonic acid. In general, field rates become increasingly slower than lab rates at larger spatial and temporal scales because of factors related to surface area, hydrology, heterogeneities, biota, and system-level effects. This implies surface area is not always an appropriate scaling factor. The measurements of enhanced rates of basalt weathering on croplands published so far are relatively consistent with previously published lab and field rates of basalt weathering because the durations of weathering are small. But the rates of CO₂ consumption from the atmosphere are very slow, and will decrease with time, necessitating huge acreages of basalt spreading to reach gigatons of CO₂ sequestration.</p>","PeriodicalId":21177,"journal":{"name":"Reviews of Geophysics","volume":"63 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":37.3,"publicationDate":"2025-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145613532","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"","authors":"","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21177,"journal":{"name":"Reviews of Geophysics","volume":"63 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":37.3,"publicationDate":"2025-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148123662","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evolution of Terrestrial Planetary Bodies and Implications for Habitability","authors":"Peter A. Cawood,&nbsp;Eva E. Stüeken,&nbsp;Priyadarshi Chowdhury,&nbsp;Chris J. Hawkesworth,&nbsp;Jacob A. Mulder","doi":"10.1029/2025RG000902","DOIUrl":"10.1029/2025RG000902","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The terrestrial planetary bodies of our solar system—Mercury, Venus, Earth, and Mars—share a common origin through nebular accretion and early magma ocean differentiation, yet they diverged significantly in geological evolution, tectonic regimes, and habitability. Differences include distance from Sun, size, mechanism of internal cooling, degassing record, and resultant surficial conditions. Mercury, Mars, and Earth's Moon preserve largely mafic crust formed early in their evolution in a stagnant lid setting. Venus and Earth with their larger size record a long history of tectonic activity. Venus's mafic crust underwent large-scale resurfacing in the last billion years, likely in a stagnant lid setting but with potential areas of squishy lid behavior. The Earth preserves a long-lived plate tectonic regime in which young mafic crust beneath oceans is continually generated and recycled, whereas felsic crust forms emergent continents and spans much of the planet's history. The Earth is also characterized by a persistent magnetic field and a complex biosphere. Variations in tectonic modes between the terrestrial planets impact volatile exchange, magmatic outgassing, nutrient recycling and, in the case of Earth, provision of ecological niches. Other planets experienced transient habitability or remained uninhabitable, largely due to early cessation of tectonic and magnetic activity or atmospheric loss. Life may emerge under stagnant lid conditions, but sustained habitability and biological diversification require continued geological activity and crustal emergence. Insights from the terrestrial planets inform the search for habitable exoplanets, highlighting the intertwined roles of planetary interiors, surface processes, and atmosphere-crust interactions in shaping life-supporting environments.</p>","PeriodicalId":21177,"journal":{"name":"Reviews of Geophysics","volume":"63 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":37.3,"publicationDate":"2025-11-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1029/2025RG000902","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145583088","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"","authors":"","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21177,"journal":{"name":"Reviews of Geophysics","volume":"63 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":37.3,"publicationDate":"2025-11-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148118105","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Silent Shift: Investigating Selenium Biovolatilization in Natural Environments","authors":"Ruixuan Zhang,&nbsp;Xiaoping Wang,&nbsp;Yunqiao Zhou,&nbsp;Lei Chai,&nbsp;Jiamin Zeng,&nbsp;Li Xu","doi":"10.1029/2024RG000856","DOIUrl":"10.1029/2024RG000856","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Selenium (Se) is essential for human health. Organisms produce volatile Se through metabolism, which is an essential but hidden component of the Se geochemical cycle. Understanding this natural cycle is vital for sustainable development and ecosystem protection, thereby preserving planetary health and fostering harmonious coexistence between the environment and humanity. This review explores sampling methods and environmental behavior of volatile Se. It emphasizes the species and volatilization amounts of selenium in water, sediments, and soil. Furthermore, it highlights that future research should focus on agricultural fields and climate-sensitive areas (such as wetlands, polar regions, alpine regions, and plateaus). Additionally, the review addresses the risks associated with Se volatilization under climate change. By summarizing current knowledge and identifying research gaps, this work offers suggestions for future research directions in Se biovolatilization and provides a foundation for developing strategies to regulate Se distribution in soil.</p>","PeriodicalId":21177,"journal":{"name":"Reviews of Geophysics","volume":"63 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":37.3,"publicationDate":"2025-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1029/2024RG000856","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145472737","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"","authors":"","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21177,"journal":{"name":"Reviews of Geophysics","volume":"63 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":37.3,"publicationDate":"2025-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148135721","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}