Reviews of Physiology Biochemistry and Pharmacology最新文献_第8页

Gaseous Signaling Molecules in Cardiovascular Function: From Mechanisms to Clinical Translation. 心血管功能中的气体信号分子:从机制到临床翻译。

2区医学

Reviews of Physiology Biochemistry and Pharmacology Pub Date : 2018-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/112_2017_7

Sung Ryul Lee, Bernd Nilius, Jin Han

{"title":"Gaseous Signaling Molecules in Cardiovascular Function: From Mechanisms to Clinical Translation.","authors":"Sung Ryul Lee, Bernd Nilius, Jin Han","doi":"10.1007/112_2017_7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/112_2017_7","url":null,"abstract":"Carbon monoxide (CO), hydrogen sulfide (H2S), and nitric oxide (NO) constitute endogenous gaseous molecules produced by specific enzymes. These gases are chemically simple, but exert multiple effects and act through shared molecular targets to control both physiology and pathophysiology in the cardiovascular system (CVS). The gases act via direct and/or indirect interactions with each other in proteins such as heme-containing enzymes, the mitochondrial respiratory complex, and ion channels, among others. Studies of the major impacts of CO, H2S, and NO on the CVS have revealed their involvement in controlling blood pressure and in reducing cardiac reperfusion injuries, although their functional roles are not limited to these conditions. In this review, the basic aspects of CO, H2S, and NO, including their production and effects on enzymes, mitochondrial respiration and biogenesis, and ion channels are briefly addressed to provide insight into their biology with respect to the CVS. Finally, potential therapeutic applications of CO, H2S, and NO with the CVS are addressed, based on the use of exogenous donors and different types of delivery systems.","PeriodicalId":21169,"journal":{"name":"Reviews of Physiology Biochemistry and Pharmacology","volume":"174 ","pages":"81-156"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/112_2017_7","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"35769433","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 20

Neurotrophin Trk Receptors: New Targets for Cancer Therapy. 神经营养蛋白Trk受体:癌症治疗的新靶点。

2区医学

Reviews of Physiology Biochemistry and Pharmacology Pub Date : 2018-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/112_2017_6

Jacopo Meldolesi

{"title":"Neurotrophin Trk Receptors: New Targets for Cancer Therapy.","authors":"Jacopo Meldolesi","doi":"10.1007/112_2017_6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/112_2017_6","url":null,"abstract":"In the last few years, exciting reports have emerged regarding the role of the two types of neurotrophin receptors, p75NTR and Trks, not only in neurons, where they were discovered, but also in non-neural cells and, especially, in numerous cancers, including breast, lung, colon-rectum, pancreas, prostate, glioblastoma, neuroblastoma, myeloma, and lymphoid tumors. Traditionally, p75NTR, activated by all neurotrophins and their precursors, is an inhibitor. In various cancers, however, activated p75NTR induces variable effects, from inhibition to stimulation of cell proliferation, dependent on their direct or coordinate/indirect mechanism(s) of action. TrkA, TrkB, and TrkC, activated by distinct neurotrophins, are high affinity stimulatory receptors. In cancers, activation of Trks, especially of TrkB, are stimulators of cell proliferation, aggressiveness, and metastases. In rare cancers, these processes are due not to receptor activation but to fusion or mutation of the encoding genes. A considerable panel of anti-Trk drugs, developed recently, has been investigated both in vitro and in living mice for their effects on cancer cells. Many such drugs protect from cancers by preventing cell proliferation and inducing apoptosis. At present, these drugs are under control by trials, to promote introduction in human therapy. Moreover, anti-Trk drugs have been employed also in combination with classical chemotherapeutic drugs. So far, studies in mice have been positive. The chemotherapeutic/anti-receptor combinations exhibited in fact increased potency and down-regulation of resistance, with no increase of side effects.","PeriodicalId":21169,"journal":{"name":"Reviews of Physiology Biochemistry and Pharmacology","volume":"174 ","pages":"67-79"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/112_2017_6","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"35388689","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 40

Targeting Oxidative Stress for the Treatment of Liver Fibrosis. 靶向氧化应激治疗肝纤维化。

2区医学

Reviews of Physiology Biochemistry and Pharmacology Pub Date : 2018-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/112_2018_10

Theerut Luangmonkong, Su Suriguga, Henricus A M Mutsaers, Geny M M Groothuis, Peter Olinga, Miriam Boersema

{"title":"Targeting Oxidative Stress for the Treatment of Liver Fibrosis.","authors":"Theerut Luangmonkong, Su Suriguga, Henricus A M Mutsaers, Geny M M Groothuis, Peter Olinga, Miriam Boersema","doi":"10.1007/112_2018_10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/112_2018_10","url":null,"abstract":"Oxidative stress is a reflection of the imbalance between the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the scavenging capacity of the antioxidant system. Excessive ROS, generated from various endogenous oxidative biochemical enzymes, interferes with the normal function of liver-specific cells and presumably plays a role in the pathogenesis of liver fibrosis. Once exposed to harmful stimuli, Kupffer cells (KC) are the main effectors responsible for the generation of ROS, which consequently affect hepatic stellate cells (HSC) and hepatocytes. ROS-activated HSC undergo a phenotypic switch and deposit an excessive amount of extracellular matrix that alters the normal liver architecture and negatively affects liver function. Additionally, ROS stimulate necrosis and apoptosis of hepatocytes, which causes liver injury and leads to the progression of end-stage liver disease. In this review, we overview the role of ROS in liver fibrosis and discuss the promising therapeutic interventions related to oxidative stress. Most importantly, novel drugs that directly target the molecular pathways responsible for ROS generation, namely, mitochondrial dysfunction inhibitors, endoplasmic reticulum stress inhibitors, NADPH oxidase (NOX) inhibitors, and Toll-like receptor (TLR)-affecting agents, are reviewed in detail. In addition, challenges for targeting oxidative stress in the management of liver fibrosis are discussed.","PeriodicalId":21169,"journal":{"name":"Reviews of Physiology Biochemistry and Pharmacology","volume":"175 ","pages":"71-102"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/112_2018_10","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36074280","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 138

Potential of Cationic Liposomes as Adjuvants/Delivery Systems for Tuberculosis Subunit Vaccines. 阳离子脂质体作为结核病亚单位疫苗佐剂/递送系统的潜力

2区医学

Reviews of Physiology Biochemistry and Pharmacology Pub Date : 2018-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/112_2018_9

Farzad Khademi, Ramezan Ali Taheri, Amir Abbas Momtazi-Borojeni, Gholamreza Farnoosh, Thomas P Johnston, Amirhossein Sahebkar

{"title":"Potential of Cationic Liposomes as Adjuvants/Delivery Systems for Tuberculosis Subunit Vaccines.","authors":"Farzad Khademi, Ramezan Ali Taheri, Amir Abbas Momtazi-Borojeni, Gholamreza Farnoosh, Thomas P Johnston, Amirhossein Sahebkar","doi":"10.1007/112_2018_9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/112_2018_9","url":null,"abstract":"The weakness of the BCG vaccine and its highly variable protective efficacy in controlling tuberculosis (TB) in different age groups as well as in different geographic areas has led to intense efforts towards the development and design of novel vaccines. Currently, there are several strategies to develop novel TB vaccines. Each strategy has its advantages and disadvantages. However, the most important of these strategies is the development of subunit vaccines. In recent years, the use of cationic liposome-based vaccines has been considered due to their capacity to elicit strong humoral and cellular immune responses against TB infections. In this review, we aim to evaluate the potential for cationic liposomes to be used as adjuvants/delivery systems for eliciting immune responses against TB subunit vaccines. The present review shows that cationic liposomes have extensive applications either as adjuvants or delivery systems, to promote immune responses against Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) subunit vaccines. To overcome several limitations of these particles, they were used in combination with other immunostimulatory factors such as TDB, MPL, TDM, and Poly I:C. Cationic liposomes can provide long-term storage of subunit TB vaccines at the injection site, confer strong electrostatic interactions with APCs, potentiate both humoral and cellular (CD4 and CD8) immune responses, and induce a strong memory response by the immune system. Therefore, cationic liposomes can increase the potential of different TB subunit vaccines by serving as adjuvants/delivery systems. These properties suggest the use of cationic liposomes to produce an efficient vaccine against TB infections.","PeriodicalId":21169,"journal":{"name":"Reviews of Physiology Biochemistry and Pharmacology","volume":"175 ","pages":"47-69"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/112_2018_9","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36050857","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 25

Insulin-Like Growth Factor 1 in the Cardiovascular System. 胰岛素样生长因子1在心血管系统中的作用。

2区医学

Reviews of Physiology Biochemistry and Pharmacology Pub Date : 2018-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/112_2017_8

Gabriel A Aguirre, José Luis González-Guerra, Luis Espinosa, Inma Castilla-Cortazar

{"title":"Insulin-Like Growth Factor 1 in the Cardiovascular System.","authors":"Gabriel A Aguirre, José Luis González-Guerra, Luis Espinosa, Inma Castilla-Cortazar","doi":"10.1007/112_2017_8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/112_2017_8","url":null,"abstract":"Non-communicable diseases, such as cardiovascular diseases, are the leading cause of mortality worldwide. For this reason, a tremendous effort is being made worldwide to effectively circumvent these afflictions, where insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1) is being proposed both as a marker and as a central cornerstone in these diseases, making it an interesting molecule to focus on. Firstly, at the initiation of metabolic deregulation by overfeeding, IGF1 is decreased/inhibited. Secondly, such deficiency seems to be intimately related to the onset of MetS and establishment of vascular derangements leading to atherosclerosis and finally playing a definitive part in cerebrovascular and myocardial accidents, where IGF1 deficiency seems to render these organs vulnerable to oxidative and apoptotic/necrotic damage. Several human cohort correlations together with basic/translational experimental data seem to confirm deep IGF1 implication, albeit with controversy, which might, in part, be given by experimental design leading to blurred result interpretation.","PeriodicalId":21169,"journal":{"name":"Reviews of Physiology Biochemistry and Pharmacology","volume":"175 ","pages":"1-45"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/112_2017_8","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"35702369","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 16

Cannabinoids as Modulators of Cell Death: Clinical Applications and Future Directions. 大麻素作为细胞死亡的调节剂:临床应用和未来方向。

2区医学

Reviews of Physiology Biochemistry and Pharmacology Pub Date : 2017-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/112_2017_3

B M Fonseca, N A Teixeira, G Correia-da-Silva

{"title":"Cannabinoids as Modulators of Cell Death: Clinical Applications and Future Directions.","authors":"B M Fonseca, N A Teixeira, G Correia-da-Silva","doi":"10.1007/112_2017_3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/112_2017_3","url":null,"abstract":"Endocannabinoids are bioactive lipids that modulate various physiological processes through G-protein-coupled receptors (CB1 and CB2) and other putative targets. By sharing the activation of the same receptors, some phytocannabinoids and a multitude of synthetic cannabinoids mimic the effects of endocannabinoids. In recent years, a growing interest has been dedicated to the study of cannabinoids properties for their analgesic, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective effects. In addition to these well-recognized effects, various studies suggest that cannabinoids may affect cell survival, cell proliferation or cell death. These observations indicate that cannabinoids may play an important role in the regulation of cellular homeostasis and, thus, may contribute to tissue remodelling and cancer treatment. For a long time, the study of cannabinoid receptor signalling has been focused on the classical adenylyl cyclase/cyclic AMP/protein kinase A (PKA) pathway. However, this pathway does not totally explain the wide array of biological responses to cannabinoids. In addition, the diversity of receptors and signalling pathways that endocannabinoids modulate offers an interesting opportunity for the development of specific molecules to disturb selectively the endogenous system. Moreover, emerging evidences suggest that cannabinoids ability to limit cell proliferation and to induce tumour-selective cell death may offer a novel strategy in cancer treatment. This review describes the main properties of cannabinoids in cell death and attempts to clarify the different pathways triggered by these compounds that may help to understand the complexity of respective molecular mechanisms and explore the potential clinical benefit of cannabinoids use in cancer therapies.","PeriodicalId":21169,"journal":{"name":"Reviews of Physiology Biochemistry and Pharmacology","volume":"173 ","pages":"63-88"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/112_2017_3","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"34926664","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 24

Catechol-O-Methyltransferase (COMT): An Update on Its Role in Cancer, Neurological and Cardiovascular Diseases. 儿茶酚- o -甲基转移酶(COMT):在癌症、神经系统和心血管疾病中的作用

2区医学

Reviews of Physiology Biochemistry and Pharmacology Pub Date : 2017-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/112_2017_2

Pedro Bastos, Tiago Gomes, Laura Ribeiro

引用次数: 33

Origin, Function, and Fate of Metallothionein in Human Blood. 人血液中金属硫蛋白的起源、功能和命运。

2区医学

Reviews of Physiology Biochemistry and Pharmacology Pub Date : 2017-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/112_2017_1

Mohammad Tariqur Rahman, Nazmul Haque, Noor Hayaty Abu Kasim, Marc De Ley

{"title":"Origin, Function, and Fate of Metallothionein in Human Blood.","authors":"Mohammad Tariqur Rahman, Nazmul Haque, Noor Hayaty Abu Kasim, Marc De Ley","doi":"10.1007/112_2017_1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/112_2017_1","url":null,"abstract":"Toxic heavy metals, toxic organic compounds, reactive oxygen species (ROS), infections, and temperature are well-known metallothionein (MT) inducers in human blood. The current review aims to summarize synthesis, function, and fate of human blood MT in response to the known MT inducers. Part of the MTs that are synthesized in different organs such as the liver, kidney, and spleen is transported and stored in different blood cells and in plasma. Cells of the circulatory system also synthesize MT. From the circulation, MT returns to the kidney where the metal-bound MTs are degraded to release the metal ion that in turn induces MT expression therein. The blood MTs play important roles in metal detoxification, transportation, and storage. By neutralizing ROS, MTs protect blood cells from oxidative stress-induced cytotoxicity and genotoxicity. Arguably, MTs are also involved in immune suppression. Given the permeating distribution of blood MT throughout the body as well as its diverse role in the protection against harmful environmental factors and in metal homeostasis, MT could be better recognized as a major public health protein.","PeriodicalId":21169,"journal":{"name":"Reviews of Physiology Biochemistry and Pharmacology","volume":"173 ","pages":"41-62"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/112_2017_1","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"34920036","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 24

CFTR: A New Horizon in the Pathomechanism and Treatment of Pancreatitis. CFTR:胰腺炎病理机制和治疗的新视野。

2区医学

Reviews of Physiology Biochemistry and Pharmacology Pub Date : 2016-08-01 DOI: 10.1007/112_2015_5002

P. Hegyi, M. Wilschanski, S. Muallem, G. Lukács, M. Sahin-Tóth, A. Uc, M. Gray, Z. Rakonczay, J. Maléth

引用次数: 52

Signature and Pathophysiology of Non-canonical Pores in Voltage-Dependent Cation Channels. 电压依赖性阳离子通道中非典型孔的特征和病理生理。

2区医学

Reviews of Physiology Biochemistry and Pharmacology Pub Date : 2016-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/112_2015_5003

K. Held, T. Voets, J. Vriens

引用次数: 8