Results in OpticsPub Date : 2024-03-17DOI: 10.1016/j.rio.2024.100659
N. Sathishkumar , Rajesh Natarajan , D. Divya , S. Divya
{"title":"A broadband dual-polarized antenna for 5G wireless communication systems","authors":"N. Sathishkumar , Rajesh Natarajan , D. Divya , S. Divya","doi":"10.1016/j.rio.2024.100659","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rio.2024.100659","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This article presents a broadband dual-polarized antenna for the 5G wireless communication technology. A ring resonator is chosen with the purpose of enhancing the axial ratio (AR) and impedance bandwidth. Partial ground plane is chosen with a slot placed beneath the feedline. The dimensions of the antenna are 50 mm × 50 mm × 1.6 mm, and it is fabricated on a dielectric substrate made of FR4 material. The variation of antenna polarization is achieved through the function of PIN diode. When the diode is in the ON state, the antenna functions as a wideband antenna that exhibits right hand circular polarization (RHCP). The frequency range covered by this system spans from 4.5 GHz to 7.5 GHz. Conversely, it provides linear polarization (LP) within a frequency range that spans from 4.3 GHz to 5.3 GHz. The metrics of the prototype antenna are measured and tested. The CST full wave simulator is utilized for conducting simulations.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":21151,"journal":{"name":"Results in Optics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666950124000567/pdfft?md5=6ab9f6c66136db89ac3247d0c5d3fac3&pid=1-s2.0-S2666950124000567-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140180075","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Analysis of the effect of deep-profile compressive residual stress induced by laser peening on fatigue strength of 7075 aluminum alloy","authors":"Takeshi Watari , Yuta Kine , Masahiko Mitsubayashi , Yuki Kabeya , Takashi Kurita , Ryo Yoshimura , Katsuya Hirano , Toshiyuki Kawashima","doi":"10.1016/j.rio.2024.100658","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rio.2024.100658","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The effect of laser peening-induced compressive residual stress on the fatigue strength improvement of A7075 specimens was investigated. Rotary bending fatigue tests and residual stress distribution measurements using the sequential polishing method were conducted on untreated, shot-peened, and laser-peened specimens. The results revealed that laser peening provides a deeper compressive stress and a deeper fracture origin, resulting in higher fatigue strength. Furthermore, controlling the laser parameters could extend the depth of the compressive stress layer by approximately 5 mm, indicating the possibility of applying laser peening to thicker materials to improve the fatigue strength.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":21151,"journal":{"name":"Results in Optics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666950124000555/pdfft?md5=891f4359059dca7391b35a9233fa13f7&pid=1-s2.0-S2666950124000555-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140195600","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Results in OpticsPub Date : 2024-03-16DOI: 10.1016/j.rio.2024.100655
Jose Raul Montes-Bojorquez , Maria F. Villa-Bracamonte , Omar J. Castillo , Arturo A. Ayon
{"title":"Silicon solar cell efficiency improvement employing electrostatically assembled polyelectrolyte–quantum dot multilayers","authors":"Jose Raul Montes-Bojorquez , Maria F. Villa-Bracamonte , Omar J. Castillo , Arturo A. Ayon","doi":"10.1016/j.rio.2024.100655","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rio.2024.100655","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Down-shifting (DS) has proven to be an effective technique to address thermalization losses in photovoltaic devices. It involves the modification of the incident solar spectrum by luminescent species to better suit solar cell’s optimal absorption regions. Despite the number of favorable characteristics of quantum dots (QDs) as DS materials, their incorporation into highly ordered close-packed films remains the major drawback of QD-based DS applications. This limitation can be overcome by the sequential integration of QDs into a multilayered film via the layer-by-layer assembly technique, that allows the precise control of composition and thickness. The experimental results discussed herein indicate that upon optimization employing a model-assisted design approach, the spectral response of a silicon solar cell benefits from the down-shifting and antireflection capabilities of the QD film, as evinced by their quantum efficiency. For the optimum design, the incorporation of QDs triggered an increment of 26.1% in the power conversion efficiency driven by an increase of 29.2% in the short circuit current density. The controlled assembly of QD multilayers offers unique opportunities in light harvesting for new hybrid photovoltaic technologies.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":21151,"journal":{"name":"Results in Optics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S266695012400052X/pdfft?md5=6f763a9d6c6bfbf212cb9ea8a16cbbda&pid=1-s2.0-S266695012400052X-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140163737","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Results in OpticsPub Date : 2024-03-15DOI: 10.1016/j.rio.2024.100654
M.P. Mohamed Nishad , Ishfaq Ahmad Bhat , A.K. Shafeeque Ali , T.P. Rashid
{"title":"Stabilization of hollow Gaussian beams in nonlinear metamaterial waveguides","authors":"M.P. Mohamed Nishad , Ishfaq Ahmad Bhat , A.K. Shafeeque Ali , T.P. Rashid","doi":"10.1016/j.rio.2024.100654","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rio.2024.100654","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Hollow Gaussian beams which possess the dark hollow spatial intensity distribution were found to have interesting applications in trapping nano-sized particles and free-space optical communication. Many applications demand stable dynamics of higher dimensional beams. Here we theoretically study the dynamics of hollow Gaussian beams in cubic and quintic nonlinear negative index metamaterial. We adopt Lagrangian variational analysis and explore the parametric regions characterizing the metamaterial in which the hollow Gaussian beam can execute stable dynamics as well as it can undergo filamentation due to intrinsic collapse. We confirm the analytical results obtained through variational analysis by direct numerical analysis based Crank Nicolson method implemented in Python programming.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":21151,"journal":{"name":"Results in Optics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666950124000518/pdfft?md5=d9a764ea349246757ab6ddc7acc331be&pid=1-s2.0-S2666950124000518-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140138803","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Results in OpticsPub Date : 2024-03-13DOI: 10.1016/j.rio.2024.100653
H. Sudarsan , K. Mahendran , S. Rathika
{"title":"Design of microwave metamaterial absorber for Ku-, X-, and C- band applications","authors":"H. Sudarsan , K. Mahendran , S. Rathika","doi":"10.1016/j.rio.2024.100653","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rio.2024.100653","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In the microwave domain, a compact, polarization- and angle-insensitive, ultrathin three-band metamaterial absorber (MMA) is designed, fabricated, and investigated in this article. The two copper layers are sandwiched between a FR4 substrate. In order to mitigate the term “perfect MMA,” the proposed unit cell structure with patches achieves practically good absorption at the Ku, X, and C bands. The proposed absorber comprises a square, circular and octagon shape patches at the boundary. At the relevant frequencies of 15.29 GHz (Ku-band), 8.59 GHz (X-band), and 6.09 GHz (C-band), the structure offers 99.9 %, 85 %, and 95 % absorptivity. Along with its ultrathin form, the structure's size is on the order of 10 × 10 × 0.8 mm<sup>3</sup>. Patches in the boundary patterns of squares, circular, and octagonal are present in the suggested absorber. Transverse electric (TE) and transverse magnetic (TM) waves exhibit the same absorptivity. Plots of the electric field (E-field), magnetic field (M-field), and surface current distributions are used to study the structure's physical workings. The stability of the suggested design is further supported by the various incidence and polarisation angles. Finally, it is found that the results from simulation and measurement are in good agreement. The sensing mechanism of the patch structure is also investigated by placing the analyte on top of it. The recommended framework will be useful for biosensors.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":21151,"journal":{"name":"Results in Optics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666950124000506/pdfft?md5=b39d91fdfe5a8912db5ab0374adf78ca&pid=1-s2.0-S2666950124000506-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140134786","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Results in OpticsPub Date : 2024-03-12DOI: 10.1016/j.rio.2024.100657
Federico Melli , Kostiantyn Vasko , Lorenzo Rosa , Fetah Benabid , Luca Vincetti
{"title":"Azimuthal Fourier decomposition for loss analysis of hollow-core tube lattice fibers part I: Ideal fibers","authors":"Federico Melli , Kostiantyn Vasko , Lorenzo Rosa , Fetah Benabid , Luca Vincetti","doi":"10.1016/j.rio.2024.100657","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rio.2024.100657","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This is the first part of two papers where we propose and apply a methodology for confinement loss analysis in tube lattice fibers (TLFs). The methodology is based on azimuthal Fourier decomposition (AFD) of the fiber’s cladding and core modes along the perimeters of the cladding tubes composing. This technique, combined with coupled mode theory, constitutes an effective approach to gain insight in the inhibited coupling waveguiding mechanism and design, along with fiber non-idealities impact on confinement loss. In this part I, we describe the approach and apply it to loss analysis of ideal TLFs. The approach is then applied to the analysis of the effects of tube thickness variation in part II.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":21151,"journal":{"name":"Results in Optics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666950124000543/pdfft?md5=31e652f8ec5bd92f37162f4dbbe7a8cb&pid=1-s2.0-S2666950124000543-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140113177","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Results in OpticsPub Date : 2024-03-11DOI: 10.1016/j.rio.2024.100652
A.Zh. Khachatrian
{"title":"About the approximation of a field of an extended source by a sphere wave in the far illumination region","authors":"A.Zh. Khachatrian","doi":"10.1016/j.rio.2024.100652","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rio.2024.100652","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>On the base of a coherent emitting straight segment, the problem of approximate description of the field of an extended source in the far illumination region is considered. It is shown that in regions close to the directions of intensity maximums the source field can be approximated by mean of sphere waves. The sphericity condition in corresponding region is found. The problem of approximation of an extended source field by means of a plane wave is also discusses. As a result of a next approximation of a spherical wave, the condition for the approximation of a field of extended source by means of a plane wave was found.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":21151,"journal":{"name":"Results in Optics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S266695012400049X/pdfft?md5=a31c7a51b3e1517d349d78cf6979968c&pid=1-s2.0-S266695012400049X-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140141494","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Results in OpticsPub Date : 2024-03-11DOI: 10.1016/j.rio.2024.100656
Harsha S. Deshmukh, Gajanan G. Muley
{"title":"Enhanced upconversion emission in Nd, Yb, Er and Ho tetra-doped Y2O3 phosphor","authors":"Harsha S. Deshmukh, Gajanan G. Muley","doi":"10.1016/j.rio.2024.100656","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rio.2024.100656","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Yb<sup>3+</sup>, Nd<sup>3+</sup>, Er<sup>3+</sup> and Ho<sup>3+</sup> tetra ions doped Y<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> upconversion phosphors have been prepared by the combustion route. Crystalline phase purity and cubic phase of prepared samples have been confirmed from powder X-ray diffraction study. Absorbance of samples over spectral range 200–1100 nm has been measured by diffuse reflectance spectroscopy. All samples exhibit large band gaps. Scanning electron micrograph analysis reveals spherical morphology of particles and sizes around 200 nm. Upconversion emission has been studied under a 980 nm diode laser excitation with 166 mW laser power. The Ho<sup>3+</sup>, Nd<sup>3+</sup> and Yb<sup>3+</sup> co-doped Y<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> phosphor show very high emission intensity of a green band centred at around 550 nm and another moderate intensity red band centred on 667 nm, while reverse is the case for Er<sup>3+</sup>, Nd<sup>3+</sup> and Yb<sup>3+</sup> co-doped Y<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> phosphor. Er<sup>3+</sup>, Ho<sup>3+</sup>, Nd<sup>3+</sup> and Yb<sup>3+</sup> co-doped Y<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> phosphor show enhanced high emission intensity in both green and red bands. These two bands are not visible in Nd<sup>3+</sup> and Yb<sup>3+</sup> co-doped Y<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> phosphor but show weak upconversion emission at 549, 568 and 799 nm. Owing to the high emission intensity of green band, Ho<sup>3+</sup>, Nd<sup>3+</sup> and Yb<sup>3+</sup> co-doped Y<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> phosphor may find potential applications in medical and security, while Er<sup>3+</sup>, Ho<sup>3+</sup>, Nd<sup>3+</sup> and Yb<sup>3+</sup> co-doped phosphor showing enhanced upconversion in green and red bands may find applications in white light generation.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":21151,"journal":{"name":"Results in Optics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666950124000531/pdfft?md5=69105d6527f9b4e17cac28397e516df8&pid=1-s2.0-S2666950124000531-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140113175","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Results in OpticsPub Date : 2024-03-11DOI: 10.1016/j.rio.2024.100651
Gonçalo Alves Cavaco , Ricardo A. Marques Lameirinhas , Catarina P. Correia V. Bernardo , João Paulo N. Torres , António Baptista
{"title":"Wavelength multiplexing system based on ring resonators","authors":"Gonçalo Alves Cavaco , Ricardo A. Marques Lameirinhas , Catarina P. Correia V. Bernardo , João Paulo N. Torres , António Baptista","doi":"10.1016/j.rio.2024.100651","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rio.2024.100651","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Wavelength Division Multiplexing, WDM, is a technology developed for applications in telecommunications with the purpose of combining numerous wavelength signals into one single fibre. The aim of this research is the characterization of WDM systems of ring resonators with planar optical waveguides. The optical responses for different configurations, dimensions, and materials are analysed by doing a parametric study both considering analytical expressions and a Finite Element Tool. The results are from add-drop topologies with one, two and three rings. The main difference between topologies with the same parameters is the number of resonance wavelengths, which is higher due to the increase in the number of ring-shaped waveguides. It is concluded that adjusting the rings’ dimensions, the resonant wavelengths are tuned. Furthermore, the higher the rings’ radius the lower is the free spectral range, that can take values from 40 nm to 90 nm. Then, the number of resonant peaks in a wavelength range may change. Also, 1500–5000 describes the values computed for the quality factor, whereas the full width at half maximum varies within some units of nanometres. For models with different core materials, the higher transmittances decrease with lower core refractive indexes and the resonance width increases. These are new degrees of freedom to tune the response of the device that can definitely work as optical wavelength multiplexer, having losses from 20% to 40% considering the transmitted optical power.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":21151,"journal":{"name":"Results in Optics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666950124000488/pdfft?md5=96fd42651cb5f69cc50dde7c0c0612e0&pid=1-s2.0-S2666950124000488-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140113176","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Temperature measurement of overlapped fiber Bragg grating sensors in a series fiber sensor network","authors":"Sugumar Venkatesan , Manju Mohan , Pandian Chelliah","doi":"10.1016/j.rio.2024.100649","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rio.2024.100649","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Fiber Bragg Gratings (FBGs) in a sensor network have been widely used for structural health and process monitoring. The number of FBGs with distinct wavelength that can be used in such a sensor network is limited by the bandwidth of the laser used. FBGs, with overlapping spectra cannot be interrogated in a series sensor network since they shadow each other. Methods like time division multiplexing (TDM), code division multiplexing (CDM) have been used to interrogate overlapped FBGs. TDM is limited by the power budget system and CDM is limited by the number of FBGs can be used. We propose a neural network based Spectral Division Multiplexing (SPDM) scheme, to monitor overlapped FBGs in a series fiber sensor network.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":21151,"journal":{"name":"Results in Optics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666950124000464/pdfft?md5=a07fb54583aaaf24f1a7647290890941&pid=1-s2.0-S2666950124000464-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140085424","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}