Results in Optics最新文献

Evaluation of effectiveness of FTTX-GPON technology-based narrowband direct modulation using shared WDM-SAC-OCDMA system 基于FTTX-GPON技术的窄带直接调制共享WDM-SAC-OCDMA系统的有效性评估

Results in Optics Pub Date : 2025-05-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.rio.2025.100841

Sura Khalil Ibrahim , Ghusoon M. Ali , Ali Khalid Jasim

{"title":"Evaluation of effectiveness of FTTX-GPON technology-based narrowband direct modulation using shared WDM-SAC-OCDMA system","authors":"Sura Khalil Ibrahim , Ghusoon M. Ali , Ali Khalid Jasim","doi":"10.1016/j.rio.2025.100841","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rio.2025.100841","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This research presents a secure fiber-to-the-x giga passive optical network (FTTX-GPON) architecture utilizing a narrowband directly modulated vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser (VCSEL). The approach employs wavelength division multiplexing-spectral amplitude coding-optical code division multiple access (WDM-SAC-OCDMA). For feeding (4 × 2) of WDM DEMUX/MUX as an encoder of SAC-OCDMA based on identity column shifting matrix codes (ICSM), four DM-VCSELs are used in an array with a wavelength of 1480.05 nm, spaced at 0.4 nm, with bandwidths of 0.1 nm (state 1) and 0.6 nm with bandwidths of 0.15 nm (state 2). In contrast, each channel is decoded using a uniform singlefiber Bragg grating (FBG). The 16-building College of Engineering at Mustaniriyah University serves as a case study to implement the suggested approach into practice. This system enhances the design, addresses performance issues, and provides coworkers access to secure data. Bit error rate (BER) and Q-factor metrics for 622.08 Mbps, 1.25 Gbps, and 2.5 Gbps are utilized to evaluate system performance. The results indicate that, for 622 Mbps with the ICSM code, the best Q-factor and BER are 23.41 and 1.69 × 10–121, respectively, while without the code, the Q-factor is 21.06 and the BER is 1.03 × 10–98 at the same setting.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21151,"journal":{"name":"Results in Optics","volume":"21 ","pages":"Article 100841"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144131129","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The anisotropic epsilon near zero behaviour of hyperbolic metamaterial in periodic structures and associated transmission characteristics 周期结构中双曲超材料的各向异性epsilon近零行为及相关传输特性

Results in Optics Pub Date : 2025-05-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.rio.2025.100839

Munazza Zulfiqar Ali

引用次数: 0

Turbulence-resistant high speed free-space optical communications using MUTC photodiodes 使用MUTC光电二极管的抗湍流高速自由空间光通信

Results in Optics Pub Date : 2025-05-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.rio.2025.100836

Beibei Cui, Shanyong Cai, Liqian Wang, Zhiguo Zhang

引用次数: 0

Enhanced performance of spin-coated silver-modified titanium dioxide thin films over dip coating method for metformin photodegradation 自旋涂覆银修饰二氧化钛薄膜在二甲双胍光降解中的性能优于浸涂法

Results in Optics Pub Date : 2025-05-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.rio.2025.100838

D’ April Sabriantie Mulus , Muhamad Diki Permana , Sarah Puteri Hayaa’ Prawiranegara , Calya Zahira Tustika , Syelena Prima Putri , Salwa Aulia Zahra , Yusi Deawati , Diana Rakhmawaty Eddy

{"title":"Enhanced performance of spin-coated silver-modified titanium dioxide thin films over dip coating method for metformin photodegradation","authors":"D’ April Sabriantie Mulus , Muhamad Diki Permana , Sarah Puteri Hayaa’ Prawiranegara , Calya Zahira Tustika , Syelena Prima Putri , Salwa Aulia Zahra , Yusi Deawati , Diana Rakhmawaty Eddy","doi":"10.1016/j.rio.2025.100838","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rio.2025.100838","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Thin film photocatalyst arises as an alternative material for metformin degradation with great recovery and reusability. However, different sol–gel deposition methods namely spin coating and dip coating will affect the characteristics of thin film due to different deposition rates, which affect its surface morphology and its photocatalytic activity. This research aims to compare two different sol–gel deposition methods to synthesize Ag-modified TiO<sub>2</sub> thin films to their characteristics, including surface morphology, crystal structure, optical properties, and photocatalysis efficiency towards metformin. In this research, Ag-TiO<sub>2</sub> sol was coated on glass substrates by two different deposition methods namely manual dip coating (DC) and spin coating (SC) method, and annealed at 500℃. The amorphous-dominant phase is formed by the DC method, while the anatase crystalline phase is formed by the SC method. Ag-TiO<sub>2</sub> thin film synthesized by the SC method gives a lower band gap than the DC method. The TM-EDS revealed that the SC method gives a more uniform morphology and high incorporation of Ag. The photocatalytic test shows an increase in activity with Ag modification approximately 4–5 times from pure TiO<sub>2</sub> thin films with the highest degradation percentage of 22.05 % within 150 min using UVA irradiation achieved by the Ag-TiO<sub>2</sub> thin film deposited by the SC method. This concludes that the spin coating method gives a greater characteristic of Ag-TiO<sub>2</sub> thin film and enhances its photocatalytic activity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21151,"journal":{"name":"Results in Optics","volume":"21 ","pages":"Article 100838"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143899440","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effects of atom and nonlinear crystal on quantum properties of cavity light 原子和非线性晶体对腔光量子特性的影响

Results in Optics Pub Date : 2025-05-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.rio.2025.100831

Abebe Yeshaw, Misrak Getahun

引用次数: 0

Investigation of the optical modal gain in an InAsP/AlGaInP quantum dot laser diode structure InAsP/AlGaInP量子点激光二极管结构的光模态增益研究

Results in Optics Pub Date : 2025-04-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.rio.2025.100835

Mohammed S. Al-Ghamdi , Norah A. Al-anazi , Ivan B. Karomi

{"title":"Investigation of the optical modal gain in an InAsP/AlGaInP quantum dot laser diode structure","authors":"Mohammed S. Al-Ghamdi , Norah A. Al-anazi , Ivan B. Karomi","doi":"10.1016/j.rio.2025.100835","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rio.2025.100835","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The light–current (L–I) and current–voltage (I–V) characteristics of self-assembled InAsP/AlGaInP quantum dots grown by organometallic vapor-phase epitaxy were measured over a temperature range of 160–400 K. The investigated samples had different cavity lengths (1, 2, 3, and 4 mm). Our results show that the threshold current decreases with increasing cavity length. The lower threshold current density was 212 A/cm<sup>2</sup>, which corresponds to a cavity length of 4 mm. Moreover, the threshold modal gains for various stripe cavity lengths were investigated at room temperature. The longest cavity (4 mm) consisted of many dots; therefore, it easily reached the threshold modal gain of 6.5 cm<sup>−1</sup>. The temperature dependence of the threshold current density (<em>J<sub>th</sub></em>) was investigated. It was found that <em>J<sub>th</sub></em> increased with increasing temperature and it increases faster at high operating temperatures. A 4 mm device is less temperature dependent with <em>T<sub>0</sub></em> ≈ 83 K when operated between 320 and 360 K. The emission spectra exhibited a redshift of approximately 14 nm when the cavity length increased from 1 to 4 mm. The ideality factor and series resistance of the diode laser structures decrease with increasing temperature.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21151,"journal":{"name":"Results in Optics","volume":"21 ","pages":"Article 100835"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143886515","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Concept study on using fiber-optic sensors with nanocrystalline diamond sheet for tissue monitoring in radiotherapy 纳米晶金刚石片光纤传感器用于放射治疗中组织监测的概念研究

Results in Optics Pub Date : 2025-04-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.rio.2025.100837

Monika Kosowska , Valery V. Tuchin , Małgorzata Szczerska

引用次数: 0

A mathematical PAPR estimation of OTFS network using a machine learning SVM algorithm 基于机器学习支持向量机算法的OTFS网络PAPR数学估计

Results in Optics Pub Date : 2025-04-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.rio.2025.100834

Arun Kumar , Nishant Gaur , Aziz Nanthaamornphong

引用次数: 0

The optical challenge of two-colour lunar laser ranging at MéO station msamo站双色月球激光测距的光学挑战

Results in Optics Pub Date : 2025-04-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.rio.2025.100833

G. Martinot-Lagarde, H. Mariey, N. Maurice, J. Scariot, H. Viot

{"title":"The optical challenge of two-colour lunar laser ranging at MéO station","authors":"G. Martinot-Lagarde, H. Mariey, N. Maurice, J. Scariot, H. Viot","doi":"10.1016/j.rio.2025.100833","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rio.2025.100833","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This article describes recent optical developments for the Nd:YAG laser at the MéO station, which regularly carries out <strong>L</strong>unar/<strong>S</strong>atellite Laser Ranging (<strong>L</strong>LR/<strong>S</strong>LR) observations for fundamental physics and space geodesy. MéO (registred as GRSM 7845 in the International Laser Ranging Service network) ranges to the Moon since 1981 with lasers undergoing continuous development for improved reliability. Since 2012, a 150 ps pulsed laser version has provided reliable green LLR. Infrared LLR followed from 2015 and two-colour ranging started recently. This work focuses on the recent optical improvements to this laser to achieve this two-colour capability. There, the Paraxial Gaussian Beam tool of the <em>Zemax OpticStudio</em> software models the evolution of the beam shape throughout its propagation inside the station. This enhanced optical set-up drastically improved the lifetime of the biggest rod of the amplification chain, cancelled an annoying thermal pointing drift and supressed infrared vignetting. In 2023, these developments provided 91 two-colour LLR observations for lunar heights greater than 32°. Finally, the text suggests two perspectives for achieving two-colour LLR for Moon heights below 32°.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21151,"journal":{"name":"Results in Optics","volume":"21 ","pages":"Article 100833"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143894901","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Transient temperature field analysis of periodic side-pumped solid-state lasers 周期性侧泵浦固体激光器瞬态温度场分析

Results in Optics Pub Date : 2025-04-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.rio.2025.100832

Zheyuan Li, Shiyu Wang, Lequn Li, Bing Bin Li, Defang Cai, Qian Guo, Taibo Wang, Fuqiang Ma

{"title":"Transient temperature field analysis of periodic side-pumped solid-state lasers","authors":"Zheyuan Li, Shiyu Wang, Lequn Li, Bing Bin Li, Defang Cai, Qian Guo, Taibo Wang, Fuqiang Ma","doi":"10.1016/j.rio.2025.100832","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rio.2025.100832","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>For the effective thermal management of a diode-pumped solid-state laser (DPSSL) with periodic pulsing and side-pumping, the transient temperature field of a side-pumped diode-pumped solid-state laser is calculated. The transient temperature field of the DPSSL under periodic pumping is analyzed, and the time-varying characteristics of the transient temperature field of the DPSSL under multidirection pumping are revealed. The results show that the transient temperature of the laser crystal increases rapidly and then decreases slowly in a single pumping period. Upon extending the pumping period, the peak value of the crystal transient temperature increases gradually and eventually becomes constant. After leveling off, the temperature field presents an axisymmetrical distribution that is high in the middle and low in the periphery, which is more uniform than that in the initial pumping stage. This study provides a theoretical basis for modeling and simulating the DPSSL side pump temperature field and provides theoretical support for further research into the transient thermal effects of the DPSSL system.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21151,"journal":{"name":"Results in Optics","volume":"21 ","pages":"Article 100832"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143877173","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0