Results in Optics最新文献

{"title":"High-alignment-tolerance optical coupling based on high-Δ light-induced self-written waveguides","authors":"Yohei Saito,&nbsp;Kota Shikama,&nbsp;Okihiro Sugihara","doi":"10.1016/j.rio.2026.101179","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rio.2026.101179","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>High-density multichannel optical components, such as silicon photonics and multicore fibers, have attracted significant attention for high-density photonic systems. These systems require low-loss coupling between optical components and single-mode fibers, for which light-induced self-written waveguide (LISW) connections represent a promising approach owing to their high alignment tolerance. Previous studies have shown that the alignment tolerance of LISW connections can be increased by extending the gap between the waveguides, thereby forming longer LISWs. However, the formation of long LISWs can increase propagation loss and require more stringent fabrication conditions. In this study, we investigated an alternative design approach for improving the alignment tolerance of LISW connections at a relatively small gap. Analytical modeling and numerical calculations were performed to examine the factors governing the alignment tolerance, and the results indicated that an LISW with a high relative refractive-index difference (Δ) can effectively improve the alignment tolerance. Based on these findings, we experimentally demonstrated a 1-dB alignment tolerance of approximately ±7.4 μm using a high-Δ LISW connection at a relatively small gap of 250 μm. These results indicate that high-Δ LISW connections can improve the alignment tolerance without substantially increasing the gap, making them promising for coupling to small-core devices used in high-density optical components.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21151,"journal":{"name":"Results in Optics","volume":"25 ","pages":"Article 101179"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149201517","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Inflection point detection and reconstruction on freeform surfaces using the root-bracketing model, ray-traced fringe simulation, and Zernike polynomials","authors":"Dahi Ghareab Abdelsalam Ibrahim,&nbsp;Nicholas Devaney","doi":"10.1016/j.rio.2026.101154","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rio.2026.101154","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Freeform optical surfaces often contain curvature-transition regions (inflection points) that are critical for optical performance and manufacturing, yet their identification becomes challenging when only discretely sampled data and limited-aperture measurements are available. This work presents a unified computational pipeline for identifying curvature-transition regions in freeform surfaces from discrete data. The framework integrates a Profile Rotation Model (PRM) for reconstructing full-aperture surfaces from one-dimensional diametrical profiles, a discretized Root Bracketing Model (RBM) for detecting curvature sign changes through second-derivative zero crossings, and a ray-traced fringe simulation combined with Zernike polynomial reconstruction for surface recovery from simulated fringe data. A synthetic 111 mm-diameter freeform surface with controlled low-spatial-frequency figure error (76 nm RMS) and surface roughness (0.5 nm RMS) is used for validation. A total of 180 profiles are processed using the PRM to construct curvature-transition maps from second-derivative sign changes. Ray tracing is then performed to generate intensity and phase maps at wavelengths of 0.0006328 mm and 0.284 mm, illustrating the effect of fringe density on reconstruction. The use of the longer wavelength (0.284 mm) is purely numerical and intended to reduce fringe density for stable evaluation of the reconstruction pipeline, rather than representing a physically implemented THz measurement system. A Zernike-based reconstruction with fringe thinning is applied to recover surface height from simulated fringe data. Experimental validation is performed on a mildly freeform, asymmetric optical surface with a 25.4 mm clear aperture using a Fizeau interferometer. The results show that curvature-transition regions can be reliably identified in both simulated and experimental datasets using the proposed unified computational pipeline, demonstrating its applicability to analyzing freeform surfaces.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21151,"journal":{"name":"Results in Optics","volume":"25 ","pages":"Article 101154"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148999142","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Coherent optical control of single-photon scattering phase in cryogenic rare-earth ion–doped yttrium orthosilicate nanocavities for quantum memory synchronization","authors":"Deepak Kumar Tiwari,&nbsp;K. Saroja Rani,&nbsp;R. Kowsalya,&nbsp;L. Divakara Rao,&nbsp;M. Thiruchenduran,&nbsp;C.A. Madhuvappan,&nbsp;Mohammed Shuaib","doi":"10.1016/j.rio.2026.101161","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rio.2026.101161","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This research presents the development and performance analysis of a cryogenic rare-earth-ion–doped yttrium orthosilicate (YSO) nanocavity system for phase-sensitive quantum memory synchronization and coherent optical communication applications. The nanocavity structure was fabricated using focused ion beam milling and photolithography techniques to achieve efficient photon confinement and enhanced light–matter interaction under cryogenic conditions. The experimental results validated stable cavity resonance from 2 K to 4 K and higher optical confinement with the increase of the cavity Q factor from 15 to 60 and the decrease of the cavity resonance linewidth from 10 to 3 GHz. The single-photon excitation experiments showed strong coherent optical coupling between the photons such that an increase in the coupling strength increased the scattering probability of photons from 18% to 90%. Coherent phase modulation was improved by cavity assisted optical interaction, and the Purcell factor was increased from 12 up to 88, depending on the cavity Q factor. The coherence preservation was significantly enhanced, with the coherence lifetime increasing from 18 to 66 when the operating temperature was dropped from 4 K to 1.5 K; the waveguide coupling efficiency was optimized from 35% to 95%, and the synchronization fidelity increased from 50% to 99% during quantum memory operation. The proposed YSO nanocavity platform was capable of stable synchronization, photon storage with high efficiency and potential for good scalability for future integrated quantum photonic communication systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21151,"journal":{"name":"Results in Optics","volume":"25 ","pages":"Article 101161"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149053689","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Broadband spectral metrology for robust diffraction-based overlay estimation under process-induced asymmetry","authors":"Hung-Chih Hsieh,&nbsp;Cheng-Syun Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.rio.2026.101156","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rio.2026.101156","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Diffraction-based overlay (DBO) metrology infers registration error from diffraction responses, but process-induced geometry can generate confounding optical signatures. This work investigates FDTD-guided broadband spectral metrology using the raw TE/TM <span><math><mrow><mo>±</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></math></span>st-order diffraction efficiencies at 61 wavelength labels over 400–700 nm. Three simulation phases progress from sidewall-angle asymmetry to compound process variation and a nine-variable PolyFin spacer architecture. Linear regression, Ridge, RBF-SVR, XGBoost, and a fully connected DNN are compared on identical 244-feature single-target raw spectra, fixed data partitions, and validation-only model selection. In Phase III, their RMSE values are 0.229, 0.230, 0.531, 1.564, and 0.374 nm, respectively, showing that broadband observability rather than nonlinear model capacity alone drives the noise-free interpolation performance. Empirical spectral diagnostics reveal strong wavelength dependence and substantial redundancy. Generic relative-noise tests show that the near-perfect noise-free linear results are sensitive to small input perturbations, whereas the raw-spectrum DNN is less sensitive under this specific stress test. A blocked Phase III holdout raises raw-model RMSE by 35%–68% relative to central in-domain tests. A 10,000-resample paired fixed-test bootstrap gives a raw Ridge-minus-DNN RMSE difference of −0.143 nm with a 95% interval of <span><math><mrow><mo>[</mo><mo>−</mo><mn>0.194</mn><mo>,</mo><mo>−</mo><mn>0.098</mn><mo>]</mo></mrow></math></span> nm. These findings establish simulation-based broadband observability and inverse-measurement feasibility; measured calibration and experimental validation remain necessary for fab deployment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21151,"journal":{"name":"Results in Optics","volume":"25 ","pages":"Article 101156"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149045660","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Design of a non-volatile Plasmonic Memory Based on MIM waveguide and phase-change Materia for binary logic and neuromorphic integration","authors":"Melina Kehtarmanesh,&nbsp;Parviz Keshavarzi,&nbsp;Mohammad Danaie","doi":"10.1016/j.rio.2026.101141","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rio.2026.101141","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper presents the design of a plasmonic memory based on Metal-Insulator-Metal (MIM) input and output waveguides and Ge2Sb2Te5 (GST) phase-change material. In this design, silver (Ag) is used as the metal, and air along with the phase-change material serve as the dielectrics. The results are reported using the Finite-Difference Time-Domain (FDTD) method. To achieve a memory structure with optimized dimensions and desired performance, a plasmonic filter has been designed. The dielectric function of the metal is characterized using the Drude theoretical model and the Johnson and Christy experimental model. The filter's transmission curve exhibits a Gaussian mode with a transmittance of 91% at the resonance wavelength of 1210 nm; the consistency between the results of the theoretical and experimental models is demonstrated in this design. Several factors were investigated and reported to assess optimal performance in the designed structure. To realize the proposed memory structure, GST material and a probe signal are utilized. This memory is programmable from above the chip and performs the reading operation of the stored state by applying a probe signal to the structure. At the resonance wavelength, this memory features a contrast of 95% and an extinction ratio of ER = 25 dB for detecting and differentiating between various states, Additionally, the Insertion Loss (IL) reading bit ‘1’ is 0.19 dB and bit ‘0’ is 25.2 dB, providing<span><math><mspace></mspace><mtext>Footprint</mtext><mo>=</mo><mn>0.095</mn><mspace></mspace><msup><mi>μm</mi><mn>2</mn></msup></math></span> and 10.5 bits/<span><math><msup><mi>μm</mi><mn>2</mn></msup><mspace></mspace></math></span>integration density. Temporal analysis of the logic state read operation is performed under excitation by a pulse with a square temporal profile distribution, and the system response is presented in terms of the normalized power |E|² as a function of time (femtoseconds). This memory cell is designed for robust binary logic operations, offering high-contrast switching for non-volatile storage in photonic integrated circuits (PICs). Furthermore, the proposed architecture serves as a foundational platform for neuromorphic integration in optical artificial neural networks (OANNs), where the multi-level crystallization potential of the phase-change material can be leveraged for future analog synaptic weight modulation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21151,"journal":{"name":"Results in Optics","volume":"25 ","pages":"Article 101141"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148924562","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ultrafast laser-induced photo-reduction on black copper","authors":"Mu-Tian Li,&nbsp;Hao Sun,&nbsp;Zhi-Hao Chen,&nbsp;Rui-Jie Zhuang,&nbsp;Wen-Wen Huang,&nbsp;Jian-Guan Hua,&nbsp;Peng Shang,&nbsp;Wei-Wei Xu,&nbsp;Bing-Rong Gao","doi":"10.1016/j.rio.2026.101175","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rio.2026.101175","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Ultrafast laser micro- and nanostructured metal surfaces for blackbodies have attracted considerable attention. However, current research has predominantly concentrated on the unidirectional transformation of reflective metals into light-absorbing black surfaces, whereas in-situ, programmable modulation in the reverse direction—locally restoring reflectivity on an absorbing blackbody matrix—remains largely unexplored. Herein, we demonstrate a strategy for ultraviolet (343 nm) femtosecond laser-induced photoreduction and surface restructuring on chemically blackened copper. Benefiting from the single-photon energy of 3.62 eV overcoming the Cu<img>O bond dissociation energy (3.04 eV), laser irradiation drives the direct photoreduction of pristine divalent CuO nanosheets into low-valence Cu⁺ species (reaching 39.72%) alongside localized microstructural remelting and planarization. These combined chemical and morphological modifications are accompanied by an increase in visible-band diffuse reflectance from approximately 4.5% to approximately 8.0% (an approximately 80% relative enhancement), together with observable optical contrast between treated and untreated regions. Leveraging this spatial optical contrast, amplitude-type reflective Fresnel zone plates were directly patterned onto the light-absorbing copper foil, successfully demonstrating optical light-converging capability. This work elucidates the photophysical mechanisms of ultrafast laser interactions with metal-oxide nanostructures and establishes a viable route for in-situ writing planar micro-optical components and optical encoding patterns directly on monolithic light-absorbing metal substrates.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21151,"journal":{"name":"Results in Optics","volume":"25 ","pages":"Article 101175"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149201545","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tunable broadband terahertz absorber based on a Canada-flag-inspired graphene metasurface","authors":"Hamzeh Sam Daliri,&nbsp;Hamed Saghaei,&nbsp;Hadi Dehbovid,&nbsp;Reza Yousefi","doi":"10.1016/j.rio.2026.101157","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rio.2026.101157","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A compact and electrically tunable broadband terahertz (THz) absorber based on a Canada-flag-inspired graphene metasurface is proposed and numerically investigated. The absorber consists of a patterned graphene layer separated from a gold back-reflector by a low-index dielectric spacer. Its distinctive geometry combines a multi-tip central graphene element with two lateral strips, creating multiple plasmonic current paths and enabling the excitation and spectral overlap of several resonant modes within a single planar metasurface. The electromagnetic response is analyzed using three-dimensional finite-difference time-domain simulations, and the coupled effects of the graphene chemical potential μ_c, the effective number of graphene layers N, the dielectric thickness <em>h</em>₂, the refractive index <em>n</em>, and the strip width <em>w</em> are systematically evaluated. Under optimized conditions, the structure achieves absorption exceeding 95% over approximately 3.7–7.7 THz, with near-unity absorption at selected resonant frequencies. The results further show that broadband performance is governed by the balance between graphene conductivity, plasmonic mode coupling, cavity phase accumulation, and impedance matching, while excessive conductivity or unsuitable dielectric parameters increase reflection and suppress absorption. Electric-field distributions reveal strong localization at the edges and high-curvature regions of the graphene pattern, confirming the plasmonic origin of the enhanced response. Owing to its broadband absorption, electrical tunability, planar configuration, and structural simplicity, the proposed absorber is promising for THz sensing, imaging, tunable filtering, electromagnetic shielding, and reconfigurable high-capacity wireless communication systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21151,"journal":{"name":"Results in Optics","volume":"25 ","pages":"Article 101157"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148999140","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Wideband funnel geometry rectenna array for RF energy harvesting in 26–40 GHz 5G networks","authors":"Amany A. Megahed,&nbsp;Marwa E. Mousa,&nbsp;A.J.A. Al-Gburi,&nbsp;Rania Hamdy Elabd","doi":"10.1016/j.rio.2026.101178","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rio.2026.101178","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>At millimeter-wave (mmWave) frequencies, the development of efficient rectenna arrays for radio frequency energy harvesting (RF-EH) is crucial to powering low-energy devices in next-generation 5G networks. This work presents a high-performance antenna array operating across the 26–40 GHz band, specifically designed to maximize ambient RF energy capture for 5G applications. The proposed antenna employs a novel funnel-shaped geometry, featuring a tapered neck and a flared aperture to achieve smooth impedance transition and enhanced radiation characteristics. To improve gain and directivity, four identical elements are configured in an array using a 1-to-4 Wilkinson power divider (WPD), ensuring uniform power distribution and improved beamforming. The design is realized on an FR4 substrate with a thickness of 1.6 mm and overall dimensions of 78.25 mm × 70.57 mm. The array achieves a peak gain of 10.25 dB and maintains a radiation efficiency of approximately 93% throughout the operating band. Full-wave simulations were performed using CST Microwave Studio, and experimental results from the fabricated prototype exhibit strong agreement with simulations. The combination of wideband operation, high gain, and robust efficiency renders the proposed array a strong candidate for RF energy harvesting in 5G-enabled environments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21151,"journal":{"name":"Results in Optics","volume":"25 ","pages":"Article 101178"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149155655","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Theoretical investigation of efficient simultaneous pulse compression and amplification in an optimized hybrid PPLN-loaded plasmonic waveguide","authors":"Hamid Nadgaran,&nbsp;Mohammad Amin Izadi,&nbsp;Rahman Nouroozi","doi":"10.1016/j.rio.2026.101170","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rio.2026.101170","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We theoretically propose an optimized hybrid plasmonic waveguide for the efficient amplification and temporal compression of optical pulses via Difference Frequency Generation (DFG). By achieving a minimal pump attenuation of <span><math><mrow><mn>0.127</mn><mspace></mspace><msup><mrow><mi>mm</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>−</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></msup></mrow></math></span> alongside a strong nonlinear coupling coefficient of <span><math><mrow><mi>κ</mi><mo>=</mo><mn>841.78</mn><mspace></mspace><msup><mrow><mi>W</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>−</mo><mn>1</mn><mo>/</mo><mn>2</mn></mrow></msup><msup><mrow><mi>m</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>−</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></msup></mrow></math></span>, the <span><math><mrow><mn>5</mn><mspace></mspace><mi>mm</mi></mrow></math></span> device successfully regenerates an attenuated <span><math><mrow><mn>300</mn><mspace></mspace><mi>ps</mi></mrow></math></span> pulse into an <span><math><mrow><mn>8.7</mn><mspace></mspace><mi>ps</mi></mrow></math></span>, <span><math><mrow><mn>4</mn><mspace></mspace><mi>mW</mi></mrow></math></span> signal at <span><math><mrow><mi>λ</mi><mo>=</mo><mn>1550</mn><mspace></mspace><mstyle><mi>n</mi><mi>m</mi></mstyle></mrow></math></span>. Because the optical modes are heavily decoupled from the metallic substrate, parasitic phase shifts from self-phase modulation (SPM, <span><math><mrow><mo>≈</mo><mn>0.025</mn><mspace></mspace><mi>rad</mi></mrow></math></span>) and cross-phase modulation (XPM, <span><math><mrow><mo>≈</mo><mn>0.136</mn><mspace></mspace><mi>rad</mi></mrow></math></span>) are suppressed well below critical threshold (1<!--> <!-->rad), guaranteeing high signal fidelity. Most importantly, this process is driven entirely by a standard <span><math><mrow><mn>6</mn><mspace></mspace><mi>W</mi></mrow></math></span>, <span><math><mrow><mn>25</mn><mspace></mspace><mi>ps</mi></mrow></math></span> Gaussian pump pulse at <span><math><mrow><mi>λ</mi><mo>=</mo><mn>775</mn><mspace></mspace><mstyle><mi>n</mi><mi>m</mi></mstyle></mrow></math></span>. By eliminating the need for the complex 5th-order Super-Gaussian pump profile utilized in our previous study, this optimized platform dramatically reduces experimental complexity while maintaining superior nonlinear performance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21151,"journal":{"name":"Results in Optics","volume":"25 ","pages":"Article 101170"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149156056","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Improving photodetection ability of Si/MAPbI3 heterojunction by using modified PEDOT:PSS interlayer","authors":"Zeinab PourMohammadi,&nbsp;Fatemeh Dehghan Nayeri,&nbsp;Rouhollah Azimirad","doi":"10.1016/j.rio.2026.101177","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rio.2026.101177","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Hybrid junctions that integrate silicon and metal halide perovskites have shown immense potential for photodetector fabrication, spurring significant efforts to optimize their performance. One effective approach is to incorporate a buffer layer between silicon and the perovskite. In this study, we used a (3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrene sulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) interlayer and enhanced its properties through repeated coating cycles. The modified PEDOT:PSS improved the energy band alignment and enhanced the morphology of the perovskite layer, ultimately leading to superior device performance. As a proof-of-concept demonstration, the photodetector incorporating the modified interlayer achieved a responsivity of 0.78 A/W and a detectivity of 4.9 × 10¹¹ Jones at −5 V under 0.3 mW/cm² illumination.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21151,"journal":{"name":"Results in Optics","volume":"25 ","pages":"Article 101177"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149156057","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}