Respirology最新文献

{"title":"Time trends in the incidence of interstitial lung disease across Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa (BRICS) from 1990 to 2019: An age-period-cohort analysis.","authors":"Zhen Yang, Zhiqin Xie, Zequan Wang, Yunyu Du, Shihan Chen, Xiuqiang Wu, Shengliang Zhou, Linxia Yi, Peiyao Zhang, Tianxin Xiang, Chaozhu He","doi":"10.1111/resp.14785","DOIUrl":"10.1111/resp.14785","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objective: </strong>The global incidence of interstitial lung disease (ILD) has risen over the past few decades. However, few studies have evaluated the status and incidence trends of ILD in Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa (BRICS). This study assesses the trends of ILD incidence across the BRICS with an emphasis on ILD changes from 1990 to 2019.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Incidence rates were estimated by the data obtained from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019 (GBD 2019). Age-period-cohort modelling was used to estimate the effects on ILD from 1990 to 2019, and the net drift and local drift were calculated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In 2019, a total of 11.4 million cases of ILD were reported in the BRICS countries. From 1990 to 2019, the incidence rate of ILD in BRICS showed an upward trend. India consistently reported the highest incidence rate, while China showed the fastest growth rate (107.6%). Russia reported a similar incidence rates for men and women, with a lower age of peak incidence compared to the other four countries. We found the time effect was unfavourable for BRICS in the first decade, especially for Brazil; in China and Brazil, the risk of people born after 1960 has rapidly decreased.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>ILD shows a rising incidence in BRICS. with the trends varying based on age and other environmental factors. BRICS should strengthen specific public health approaches and policies for different stages and populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":21129,"journal":{"name":"Respirology","volume":" ","pages":"888-896"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141470499","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A snapshot of SABA co-prescribing with ICS-formoterol maintenance and reliever therapy.","authors":"Rebekah Lamb, Kyley Kerse, Heidi Kristono, Karen Oldfield, Richard Beasley","doi":"10.1111/resp.14815","DOIUrl":"10.1111/resp.14815","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21129,"journal":{"name":"Respirology","volume":" ","pages":"922-923"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141917402","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Predictors of lung function in early adulthood: A population-based cohort study.","authors":"Xian Zhang, Andrew R Gray, Robert J Hancox","doi":"10.1111/resp.14732","DOIUrl":"10.1111/resp.14732","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objective: </strong>Lung function reaches a peak/plateau in early adulthood before declining with age. Lower early adult lung function may increase the risk for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in mid-late adult life. Understanding the effects of multiple childhood/adolescent exposures and their potential interactions on plateau lung function would provide insights into the natural history of COPD.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Longitudinal spirometry data from 688 participants with complete data from a population-based birth cohort (original n = 1037) were used to investigate associations between a wide range of childhood/adolescent exposures and repeated measures of FEV₁, FVC and FEV₁/FVC during the early-adult plateau phase. Generalized estimating equations were used to accommodate the multiple timepoints per participant.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>FEV₁ reached a peak/plateau between ages 18 and 26 and FVC from 21 to 32 years, whereas FEV₁/FVC declined throughout early adulthood. Childhood asthma and airway hyperresponsiveness were associated with lower early adult FEV₁ and FEV₁/FVC. Smoking by age 18 was associated with lower FEV₁/FVC. Higher BMI during early adulthood was associated with lower FEV₁ and FVC and lower FEV₁/FVC. Physical activity during adolescence was positively associated with FEV₁ and FEV₁/FVC but this was only statistically significant in men. There was no convincing evidence of interactions between exposures.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Childhood asthma and airway hyperresponsiveness are associated with lower lung function in early adulthood. Interventions targeting these may reduce the risk of COPD in mid-late adult life. Promotion of physical activity during adolescence, prevention of cigarette smoking and maintenance of a healthy body weight in early adulthood are also priorities.</p>","PeriodicalId":21129,"journal":{"name":"Respirology","volume":" ","pages":"897-904"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140892600","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pyrazinamide in elderly people.","authors":"Avnish Sandhu, Dana Kissner","doi":"10.1111/resp.14791","DOIUrl":"10.1111/resp.14791","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21129,"journal":{"name":"Respirology","volume":" ","pages":"858-859"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141535161","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recommendations from the Medical Education Editor.","authors":"Mark Lavercombe","doi":"10.1111/resp.14819","DOIUrl":"10.1111/resp.14819","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21129,"journal":{"name":"Respirology","volume":" ","pages":"851-853"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142018489","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Olympics have arrived: The challenge of exercise-induced bronchoconstriction in athletes.","authors":"John D Brannan, Martin R Lindley","doi":"10.1111/resp.14805","DOIUrl":"10.1111/resp.14805","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21129,"journal":{"name":"Respirology","volume":" ","pages":"860-862"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141760684","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Is remission the new target in asthma management?","authors":"Constance H Katelaris","doi":"10.1111/resp.14783","DOIUrl":"10.1111/resp.14783","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21129,"journal":{"name":"Respirology","volume":" ","pages":"854-855"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141459013","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy and safety of cytisine versus nortriptyline for smoking cessation: A multicentre, randomized, double-blinded and placebo-controlled trial.","authors":"Suthat Rungruanghiranya, Sirapat Tulatamakit, Kaweesak Chittawatanarat, Kanokwan Preedapornpakorn, Thanawat Wongphan, Narueporn Sutanthavibul, Sunida Preechawong, Pichaya Petborom","doi":"10.1111/resp.14787","DOIUrl":"10.1111/resp.14787","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objective: </strong>Cytisine serves as an affordable smoking cessation aid with acceptable safety profile. However, data comparing its efficacy and safety to standard therapies are limited. We aimed to examine efficacy and safety of cytisine compared to nortriptyline, which is the only approved smoking-cessation medication in Thailand.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A 12-month, multicentre, randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled trial was conducted. Participants aged ≥20 years who smoked ≥10 cigarettes/day were randomly assigned to receive a 25-day cytisine or a 12-week nortriptyline treatment course. Brief interventions (BI) for smoking cessation were provided to all participants. The primary outcome was biochemically verified continuous abstinence rate (CAR) at 12 months. Additionally, self-reported abstinence, verified by exhaled carbon monoxide (CO) ≤ 10 ppm, was collected at 2 weeks, 1, 3, 6 and 12 months to assess both CAR and 7-day point prevalence abstinence rate (PAR).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 1086 participants were recruited and randomized into cytisine (n = 540) and nortriptyline (n = 546) groups. The 12-month CAR was 12.22% for cytisine and 9.52% for nortriptyline. The relative difference was 0.03 (95% confidence interval [CI]; -0.01 to 0.06) and the relative risk was 1.28 (95% CI; 0.91-1.81). No differences were observed in secondary outcomes between both groups. The incidence of adverse effects from cytisine appeared to be lower than that of nortriptyline.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>At 12 months, cytisine plus BI was as effective as nortriptyline plus BI for smoking cessation. The adverse events for both cytisine and nortriptyline were minimal and well-tolerated.</p>","PeriodicalId":21129,"journal":{"name":"Respirology","volume":" ","pages":"880-887"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141617052","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Coronary artery calcification detected on low-dose computed tomography in high-risk participants of an Australian lung cancer screening program: A prospective observational study.","authors":"Asha Bonney, Michelle Chua, Mark W McCusker, Diane Pascoe, Subodh B Joshi, Daniel Steinfort, Henry Marshall, Jeremy D Silver, Cheng Xie, Sally Yang, Jack Watson, Paul Fogarty, Emily Stone, Fraser Brims, Annette McWilliams, XinXin Hu, Christopher Rofe, Brad Milner, Stephen Lam, Kwun M Fong, Renee Manser","doi":"10.1111/resp.14832","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/resp.14832","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objectives: </strong>Coronary artery calcification (CAC) is a frequent additional finding on lung cancer screening (LCS) low-dose computed tomography (LDCT). Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a major cause of death in LCS participants. We aimed to describe prevalence of incidental CAC detected on LDCT in LCS participants without prior history of coronary artery disease (CAD), evaluate their CVD risk and describe subsequent investigation and management.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Prospective observational nested cohort study including all participants enrolled at a single Australian site of the International Lung Screen Trial. Baseline LDCTs were reviewed for CAC, and subsequent information collected regarding cardiovascular health. 5-year CVD risk was calculated using the AusCVD risk calculator.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>55% (226/408) of participants had CAC on LDCT and no prior history of CAD, including 23% with moderate-severe CAC. Mean age of participants with CAC was 65 years, 68% were male. 53% were currently smoking. Majority were high risk (51%) or intermediate risk (32%) of a cardiovascular event in 5 years. 21% of participants were re-stratified to a higher CVD risk group when CAC detected on LCS was incorporated. Only 10% of participants with CAC received lifestyle advice (only 3% currently smoking received smoking cessation advice). 80% of participants at high-risk did not meet guideline recommendations, with 47% of this group remaining without cholesterol lowering therapy.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>LCS with LDCT offers the potential to identify and communicate CVD risk in this population. This may improve health outcomes for high-risk LCS participants and further personalize management once screening results are known.</p>","PeriodicalId":21129,"journal":{"name":"Respirology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142352912","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Benefits of chest wall mobilization on respiratory efficiency and functional exercise capacity in people with severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD): A randomized controlled trial","authors":"Amy Ying Yu Tsui, Gladys Lai Ying Cheing, Rosanna Mei Wa Chau, Thomas Yun Wing Mok, Sai On Ling, Candy Hoi Yee Kwan, Sharon Man Ha Tsang","doi":"10.1111/resp.14831","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/resp.14831","url":null,"abstract":"BackgroundCoexistence of chest wall hypomobility and lung hyperinflation compromises respiratory muscle function and respiratory efficiency in people with severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). This study aimed to investigate the effect of chest wall mobilization on functional exercise capacity, respiratory muscle activity and respiratory muscle tissue oxygen saturation for people with severe COPD.MethodsThirty male adults (age: 75 ± 6) diagnosed with severe COPD completed a 6‐week programme (twice/week) according to intervention randomization (chest wall mobilization group, CWMG, <jats:italic>n</jats:italic> = 15; control group, CG, <jats:italic>n</jats:italic> = 15). Both groups received standardized education and walking exercise, while CWMG also received chest wall and thoracic spine mobilization. Electromyography of the essential and accessory respiratory muscles and tissue oxygen saturation of the intercostal muscle (StO<jats:sub>2</jats:sub>, measured by near‐infrared spectroscopy) during incremental cycle exercise test were measured and compared between the two groups at pre‐programme, post‐programme and 3‐month follow‐up.ResultsPatients in CWMG demonstrated a significant increase in exercise tolerance from &lt;3 METS to 4–6 METS (<jats:italic>p</jats:italic> = 0.000) after intervention. A significant decrease in activity of scalene, sternocleidomastoids and intercostal muscle during exercise test (<jats:italic>p</jats:italic> &lt; 0.01) was found in CWMG, as compared to CG. A significant decrease in StO<jats:sub>2</jats:sub> (<jats:italic>p</jats:italic> &lt; 0.05) and greater decline in the slope of oxygenation dissociation (<jats:italic>p</jats:italic> = 0.000) were seen in CWMG during exercise test. These positive results were maintained at 3‐month follow‐up in CWMG.ConclusionImprovements in exercise tolerance, respiratory muscle efficiency and oxygenation extraction ability in CWMG suggest a potential clinical benefit of integrating chest wall and thoracic spine mobilization for rehabilitation of people with severe COPD.","PeriodicalId":21129,"journal":{"name":"Respirology","volume":"106 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142268617","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}