Respirology最新文献

{"title":"The use of opioids in late-stage COPD-Where are we now?","authors":"Thomas J Altree, David C Currow","doi":"10.1111/resp.14839","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/resp.14839","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21129,"journal":{"name":"Respirology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142381581","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Inflammation-induced loss of CFTR-expressing airway ionocytes in non-eosinophilic asthma.","authors":"Ling Chen, Gabriela A Hoefel, Prabuddha S Pathinayake, Andrew Reid, Amber L Pillar, Coady Kelly, HuiYing Tan, Ayesha Ali, Richard Y Kim, Philip M Hansbro, Steven L Brody, Paul S Foster, Jay C Horvat, Carlos Riveros, Nikhil Awatade, Peter A B Wark, Gerard E Kaiko","doi":"10.1111/resp.14833","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/resp.14833","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objective: </strong>Severe asthma is a heterogeneous disease with subtype classification according to dominant airway infiltrates, including eosinophilic (Type 2 high), or non-eosinophilic asthma. Non-eosinophilic asthma is further divided into paucigranulocytic or neutrophilic asthma characterized by elevated neutrophils, and mixed Type 1 and Type 17 cytokines in the airways. Severe non-eosinophilic asthma has few effective treatments and many patients do not qualify for biologic therapies. The cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) is dysregulated in multiple respiratory diseases including cystic fibrosis and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and has proven a valuable therapeutic target. We hypothesized that the CFTR may also play a role in non-eosinophilic asthma.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Patient-derived human bronchial epithelial cells (hBECs) were isolated and differentiated at the air-liquid interface. Single cell RNA-sequencing (scRNAseq) was used to identify epithelial cell subtypes and transcriptional activity. Ion transport was investigated with Ussing chambers and immunofluorescent quantification of ionocyte abundance in human airway epithelial cells and murine models of asthma.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We identified that hBECs from patients with non-eosinophilic asthma had reduced CFTR function, and did not differentiate into CFTR-expressing ionocytes compared to those from eosinophilic asthma or healthy donors. Similarly, ionocytes were also diminished in the airways of a murine model of neutrophilic-dominant but not eosinophilic asthma. Treatment of hBECs from healthy donors with a neutrophilic asthma-like inflammatory cytokine mixture led to a reduction in ionocytes.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Inflammation-induced loss of CFTR-expressing ionocytes in airway cells from non-eosinophilic asthma may represent a key feature of disease pathogenesis and a novel drug target.</p>","PeriodicalId":21129,"journal":{"name":"Respirology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142366384","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"COPD: The forgotten cardiovascular risk.","authors":"Belinda Cochrane","doi":"10.1111/resp.14837","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/resp.14837","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21129,"journal":{"name":"Respirology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142352911","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Green energy and sustainability.","authors":"Fanny Wai San Ko","doi":"10.1111/resp.14838","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/resp.14838","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21129,"journal":{"name":"Respirology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142352913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Coronary artery calcification detected on low-dose computed tomography in high-risk participants of an Australian lung cancer screening program: A prospective observational study.","authors":"Asha Bonney, Michelle Chua, Mark W McCusker, Diane Pascoe, Subodh B Joshi, Daniel Steinfort, Henry Marshall, Jeremy D Silver, Cheng Xie, Sally Yang, Jack Watson, Paul Fogarty, Emily Stone, Fraser Brims, Annette McWilliams, XinXin Hu, Christopher Rofe, Brad Milner, Stephen Lam, Kwun M Fong, Renee Manser","doi":"10.1111/resp.14832","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/resp.14832","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objectives: </strong>Coronary artery calcification (CAC) is a frequent additional finding on lung cancer screening (LCS) low-dose computed tomography (LDCT). Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a major cause of death in LCS participants. We aimed to describe prevalence of incidental CAC detected on LDCT in LCS participants without prior history of coronary artery disease (CAD), evaluate their CVD risk and describe subsequent investigation and management.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Prospective observational nested cohort study including all participants enrolled at a single Australian site of the International Lung Screen Trial. Baseline LDCTs were reviewed for CAC, and subsequent information collected regarding cardiovascular health. 5-year CVD risk was calculated using the AusCVD risk calculator.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>55% (226/408) of participants had CAC on LDCT and no prior history of CAD, including 23% with moderate-severe CAC. Mean age of participants with CAC was 65 years, 68% were male. 53% were currently smoking. Majority were high risk (51%) or intermediate risk (32%) of a cardiovascular event in 5 years. 21% of participants were re-stratified to a higher CVD risk group when CAC detected on LCS was incorporated. Only 10% of participants with CAC received lifestyle advice (only 3% currently smoking received smoking cessation advice). 80% of participants at high-risk did not meet guideline recommendations, with 47% of this group remaining without cholesterol lowering therapy.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>LCS with LDCT offers the potential to identify and communicate CVD risk in this population. This may improve health outcomes for high-risk LCS participants and further personalize management once screening results are known.</p>","PeriodicalId":21129,"journal":{"name":"Respirology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142352912","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Benefits of chest wall mobilization on respiratory efficiency and functional exercise capacity in people with severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD): A randomized controlled trial","authors":"Amy Ying Yu Tsui, Gladys Lai Ying Cheing, Rosanna Mei Wa Chau, Thomas Yun Wing Mok, Sai On Ling, Candy Hoi Yee Kwan, Sharon Man Ha Tsang","doi":"10.1111/resp.14831","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/resp.14831","url":null,"abstract":"BackgroundCoexistence of chest wall hypomobility and lung hyperinflation compromises respiratory muscle function and respiratory efficiency in people with severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). This study aimed to investigate the effect of chest wall mobilization on functional exercise capacity, respiratory muscle activity and respiratory muscle tissue oxygen saturation for people with severe COPD.MethodsThirty male adults (age: 75 ± 6) diagnosed with severe COPD completed a 6‐week programme (twice/week) according to intervention randomization (chest wall mobilization group, CWMG, <jats:italic>n</jats:italic> = 15; control group, CG, <jats:italic>n</jats:italic> = 15). Both groups received standardized education and walking exercise, while CWMG also received chest wall and thoracic spine mobilization. Electromyography of the essential and accessory respiratory muscles and tissue oxygen saturation of the intercostal muscle (StO<jats:sub>2</jats:sub>, measured by near‐infrared spectroscopy) during incremental cycle exercise test were measured and compared between the two groups at pre‐programme, post‐programme and 3‐month follow‐up.ResultsPatients in CWMG demonstrated a significant increase in exercise tolerance from &lt;3 METS to 4–6 METS (<jats:italic>p</jats:italic> = 0.000) after intervention. A significant decrease in activity of scalene, sternocleidomastoids and intercostal muscle during exercise test (<jats:italic>p</jats:italic> &lt; 0.01) was found in CWMG, as compared to CG. A significant decrease in StO<jats:sub>2</jats:sub> (<jats:italic>p</jats:italic> &lt; 0.05) and greater decline in the slope of oxygenation dissociation (<jats:italic>p</jats:italic> = 0.000) were seen in CWMG during exercise test. These positive results were maintained at 3‐month follow‐up in CWMG.ConclusionImprovements in exercise tolerance, respiratory muscle efficiency and oxygenation extraction ability in CWMG suggest a potential clinical benefit of integrating chest wall and thoracic spine mobilization for rehabilitation of people with severe COPD.","PeriodicalId":21129,"journal":{"name":"Respirology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142268617","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"World Lung Day 2024-Clean air and healthy lungs for all.","authors":"David C L Lam, Yoshinori Hasegawa, Kwun M Fong, Chul-Gyu Yoo","doi":"10.1111/resp.14829","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/resp.14829","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21129,"journal":{"name":"Respirology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142294122","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Addressing tuberculosis and mental health amidst the Sudan conflict","authors":"Ibrahim Nagmeldin Hassan, Muhsin Nagmeldin Hassan Ibrahim, Nagmeldin Hassan Abuassa, Ahmed MohammedAlhassan Ismail Abdulsamad","doi":"10.1111/resp.14830","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/resp.14830","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21129,"journal":{"name":"Respirology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142195178","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The good doctor.","authors":"Peter Gerard Gibson","doi":"10.1111/resp.14828","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/resp.14828","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21129,"journal":{"name":"Respirology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142140922","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"My family and other animals.","authors":"Natasha Smallwood","doi":"10.1111/resp.14827","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/resp.14827","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21129,"journal":{"name":"Respirology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142133583","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}