Research in microbiology最新文献_第9页

The persistence of time: the lifespan of Bacillus anthracis spores in environmental reservoirs 时间的持久性:环境储存库中炭疽芽孢杆菌孢子的寿命

IF 2.6 4区生物学

Research in microbiology Pub Date : 2023-07-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.resmic.2023.104029

Zoë R. Barandongo , Amélie C. Dolfi , Spencer A. Bruce , Kristyna Rysava , Yen-Hua Huang , Hendrina Joel , Ayesha Hassim , Pauline L. Kamath , Henriette van Heerden , Wendy C. Turner

{"title":"The persistence of time: the lifespan of Bacillus anthracis spores in environmental reservoirs","authors":"Zoë R. Barandongo , Amélie C. Dolfi , Spencer A. Bruce , Kristyna Rysava , Yen-Hua Huang , Hendrina Joel , Ayesha Hassim , Pauline L. Kamath , Henriette van Heerden , Wendy C. Turner","doi":"10.1016/j.resmic.2023.104029","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.resmic.2023.104029","url":null,"abstract":"<div>Anthrax is a lethal bacterial zoonosis primarily affecting herbivorous wildlife and livestock. Upon host death Bacillus anthracis vegetative cells form spores capable of surviving for years in soil. Anthrax transmission requires host exposure to large spore doses. Thus, conditions that facilitate higher spore concentrations or promote spore survival will increase the probability that a pathogen reservoir infects future hosts. We investigated abiotic and pathogen genomic variation in relation to spore concentrations in surface soils (0–1 cm depth) at 40 plains zebra (Equus quagga) anthrax carcass sites in Namibia. Specifically, how initial spore concentrations and spore survival were affected by seasonality associated with the timing of host mortality, local soil characteristics, and pathogen genomic variation. Zebras dying of anthrax in wet seasons—the peak season for anthrax in Etosha National Park—had soil spore concentrations 1.36 orders of magnitude higher than those that died in dry seasons. No other variables considered affected spore concentrations, and spore survival rates did not differ among sites. Surface soils at these pathogen reservoirs remained culture positive for a range of 3.8–10.4 years after host death. Future research could evaluate if seasonal patterns in spore concentrations are driven by differences in sporulation success or levels of terminal bacteremia.</div>","PeriodicalId":21098,"journal":{"name":"Research in microbiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10060223","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Plasmid – Chromosome interplay in natural and non-natural hosts: global transcription study of three Bacillus cereus group strains carrying pCER270 plasmid 质粒-染色体在自然和非自然宿主中的相互作用:三个携带pCER270质粒的蜡样芽孢杆菌群菌株的全球转录研究

IF 2.6 4区生物学

Research in microbiology Pub Date : 2023-07-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.resmic.2023.104074

Alicia Nevers , Markus Kranzler , Stéphane Perchat , Michel Gohar , Alexei Sorokin , Didier Lereclus , Monika Ehling-Schulz , Vincent Sanchis-Borja

{"title":"Plasmid – Chromosome interplay in natural and non-natural hosts: global transcription study of three Bacillus cereus group strains carrying pCER270 plasmid","authors":"Alicia Nevers , Markus Kranzler , Stéphane Perchat , Michel Gohar , Alexei Sorokin , Didier Lereclus , Monika Ehling-Schulz , Vincent Sanchis-Borja","doi":"10.1016/j.resmic.2023.104074","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.resmic.2023.104074","url":null,"abstract":"<div>The Bacillus cereus group comprises genetically related Gram-positive spore-forming bacteria that colonize a wide range of ecological niches and hosts. Despite their high degree of genome conservation, extrachromosomal genetic material diverges between these species. The discriminating properties of the B. cereus group strains are mainly due to plasmid-borne toxins, reflecting the importance of horizontal gene transfers in bacterial evolution and species definition. To investigate how a newly acquired megaplasmid can impact the transcriptome of its host, we transferred the pCER270 from the emetic B. cereus strains to phylogenetically distant B. cereus group strains. RNA-sequencing experiments allowed us to determine the transcriptional influence of the plasmid on host gene expression and the impact of the host genomic background on the pCER270 gene expression. Our results show a transcriptional cross-regulation between the megaplasmid and the host genome. pCER270 impacted carbohydrate metabolism and sporulation genes expression, with a higher effect in the natural host of the plasmid, suggesting a role of the plasmid in the adaptation of the carrying strain to its environment. In addition, the host genomes also modulated the expression of pCER270 genes. Altogether, these results provide an example of the involvement of megaplasmids in the emergence of new pathogenic strains.</div>","PeriodicalId":21098,"journal":{"name":"Research in microbiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10060815","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

The NF-κB factor Relish is essential for the epithelial defenses protecting against δ-endotoxin dependent effects of Bacillus thuringiensis israelensis infection in the Drosophila model 在果蝇模型中，NF-κB因子对保护上皮免受苏云金芽孢杆菌(Bacillus thuringiensis israelensis)感染的δ-内毒素依赖作用至关重要

IF 2.6 4区生物学

Research in microbiology Pub Date : 2023-07-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.resmic.2023.104089

Carine Mouawad , Mireille Kallassy Awad , Samuel Liegeois , Dominique Ferrandon , Vincent Sanchis-Borja , Laure El Chamy

{"title":"The NF-κB factor Relish is essential for the epithelial defenses protecting against δ-endotoxin dependent effects of Bacillus thuringiensis israelensis infection in the Drosophila model","authors":"Carine Mouawad , Mireille Kallassy Awad , Samuel Liegeois , Dominique Ferrandon , Vincent Sanchis-Borja , Laure El Chamy","doi":"10.1016/j.resmic.2023.104089","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.resmic.2023.104089","url":null,"abstract":"<div>Bacillus thuringiensis israelensis is largely regarded as the most selective, safe and ecofriendly biopesticide used for the control of insect vectors of human diseases. Bti enthomopathogenicity relies on the Cry and Cyt δ-endotoxins, produced as crystalline inclusions during sporulation. Insecticidal selectivity of Bti is mainly ascribed to the binding of the Cry toxins to receptors in the gut of target insects. However, the contribution of epithelial defenses in limiting Bti side effects in non-target species remains largely unexplored. Here, taking advantage of the genetically tractable Drosophila melanogaster model and its amenability for deciphering highly conserved innate immune defenses, we unravel a central role of the NF-κB factor Relish in the protection against the effects of ingested Bti spores in a non-susceptible host. Intriguingly, our data indicate that the Bti-induced Relish response is independent of its canonical activation downstream of peptidoglycan sensing and does not involve its longstanding role in the regulation of antimicrobial peptides encoding genes. In contrast, our data highlight a novel enterocyte specific function of Relish that is essential for preventing general septicemia following Bti oral infections strictly when producing δ-endotoxins. Altogether, our data provide novel insights into Bti-hosts interactions of prominent interest for the optimization and sustainability of insects’ biocontrol strategies.</div>","PeriodicalId":21098,"journal":{"name":"Research in microbiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10066795","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Sporulation efficiency and spore quality in a human intestinal isolate of Bacillus cereus 蜡样芽孢杆菌人肠道分离株的产孢效率和孢子质量

IF 2.6 4区生物学

Research in microbiology Pub Date : 2023-07-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.resmic.2023.104030

Maria Vittoria , Anella Saggese , Giovanni Di Gregorio Barletta , Stefany Castaldi , Rachele Isticato , Loredana Baccigalupi , Ezio Ricca

{"title":"Sporulation efficiency and spore quality in a human intestinal isolate of Bacillus cereus","authors":"Maria Vittoria , Anella Saggese , Giovanni Di Gregorio Barletta , Stefany Castaldi , Rachele Isticato , Loredana Baccigalupi , Ezio Ricca","doi":"10.1016/j.resmic.2023.104030","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.resmic.2023.104030","url":null,"abstract":"<div>Bacteria classified as Bacillus cereus sensu stricto cause two different type of gastrointestinal diseases associated with food poisoning. Outbreaks of this opportunistic pathogen are generally due to the resistance of its spores to heat, pH and desiccation that makes hard their complete inactivation from food products. B. cereus is commonly isolated from a variety of environments, including intestinal samples of infected and healthy people. We report the genomic and physiological characterization of MV19, a human intestinal strain closely related (ANI value of 98.81%) to the reference strain B. cereus ATCC 14579. MV19 cells were able to grow in a range of temperatures between 20 and 44 °C. At the optimal temperature the sporulation process was rapidly induced and mature spores efficiently released, however these appeared structurally and morphologically defective. At the sub-optimal growth temperature of 25 °C sporulation was slow and less efficient but a high total number of fully functional spores was produced. These results indicate that the reduced rapidity and efficiency of sporulation at 25 °C are compensated by a high quality and quantity of released spores, suggesting the relevance of different performances at different growth conditions for the adaptation of this bacterium to diverse environmental niches.</div>","PeriodicalId":21098,"journal":{"name":"Research in microbiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10418649","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Early expression of capsule during Bacillus anthracis germination 炭疽芽孢杆菌萌发过程中荚膜的早期表达

IF 2.6 4区生物学

Research in microbiology Pub Date : 2023-07-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.resmic.2023.104054

Solène Fastenackels , Michèle Mock , Jean-Nicolas Tournier , Pierre L. Goossens

{"title":"Early expression of capsule during Bacillus anthracis germination","authors":"Solène Fastenackels , Michèle Mock , Jean-Nicolas Tournier , Pierre L. Goossens","doi":"10.1016/j.resmic.2023.104054","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.resmic.2023.104054","url":null,"abstract":"<div>Bacillus anthracis is a spore-forming bacterium that produces two major virulence factors, a tripartite toxin with two enzymatic toxic activities and a pseudo-proteic capsule. One of the main described functions of the poly-gamma-d-glutamate capsule is to enable B. anthracis bacilli to escape phagocytosis. Thus, kinetics of expression of the capsule filaments at the surface of the emerging bacillus during germination is an important step for the protection of the nascent bacilli. In this study, through immunofluorescence and electron microscopic approaches, we show the emergence of the capsule through a significant surface of the exosporium in the vast majority of the germinating spores, with co-detection of BclA and capsular material. This suggests that, due to an early capsule expression, the extracellular life of B. anthracis might occur earlier than previously thought, once germination is triggered. This raises the prospect that an anti-capsular vaccine may play a protective role at the initial stage of infection by opsonisation of the nascent encapsulated bacilli before their emergence from the exosporium.</div>","PeriodicalId":21098,"journal":{"name":"Research in microbiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10418689","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Modeling gastrointestinal anthrax disease 模拟胃肠道炭疽病。

IF 2.6 4区生物学

Research in microbiology Pub Date : 2023-07-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.resmic.2023.104026

So Young Oh , Alice Château , Anastasia Tomatsidou , Derek Elli, Haley Gula, Olaf Schneewind , Dominique Missiakas

{"title":"Modeling gastrointestinal anthrax disease","authors":"So Young Oh , Alice Château , Anastasia Tomatsidou , Derek Elli, Haley Gula, Olaf Schneewind , Dominique Missiakas","doi":"10.1016/j.resmic.2023.104026","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.resmic.2023.104026","url":null,"abstract":"<div>Bacillus anthracis is a spore-forming microbe that persists in soil and causes anthrax disease. The most natural route of infection is ingestion by grazing animals. Gastrointestinal (GI) anthrax also occurs in their monogastric predators, including humans. Exposure of carcasses to oxygen triggers sporulation and contamination of the surrounding soil completing the unusual life cycle of this microbe. The pathogenesis of GI anthrax is poorly characterized. Here, we use B. anthracis carrying the virulence plasmids pXO1 and pXO2, to model gastrointestinal disease in Guinea pigs and mice. We find that spores germinate in the GI tract and precipitate disease in a dose-dependent manner. Inoculation of vegetative bacilli also results in GI anthrax. Virulence is impacted severely by the loss of capsule (pXO2-encoded) but only moderately in absence of toxins (pXO1-encoded). Nonetheless, the lack of toxins leads to reduced bacterial replication in infected hosts. B. cereus Elc4, a strain isolated from a fatal case of inhalational anthrax-like disease, was also found to cause GI anthrax. Because transmission to new hosts depends on the release of large numbers of spores in the environment, we propose that the acquisition of pXO1- and pXO2-like plasmids may promote the successful expansion of members of the Bacillus cereus sensu lato group able to cause anthrax-like disease.</div>","PeriodicalId":21098,"journal":{"name":"Research in microbiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10338639/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10059810","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Are Bacillus thuringiensis strains like any other Bacillus cereus strains? Phenotypic-based tools to locate Bacillus thuringiensis in the diversity of the Bacillus cereus sensu lato group 苏云金芽孢杆菌菌株和其他蜡样芽孢杆菌菌株一样吗?基于表型的工具定位苏云金芽孢杆菌在蜡样芽孢杆菌群的多样性

IF 2.6 4区生物学

Research in microbiology Pub Date : 2023-07-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.resmic.2023.104077

C. Trunet , A. Cauquil , N. Hymery , L. Koullen , F. Postollec , L. Coroller

{"title":"Are Bacillus thuringiensis strains like any other Bacillus cereus strains? Phenotypic-based tools to locate Bacillus thuringiensis in the diversity of the Bacillus cereus sensu lato group","authors":"C. Trunet , A. Cauquil , N. Hymery , L. Koullen , F. Postollec , L. Coroller","doi":"10.1016/j.resmic.2023.104077","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.resmic.2023.104077","url":null,"abstract":"<div>Some Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) strains are used as pesticide agent. This species belongs to Bacillus cereus (Bc) group which contains many species with a high phenotypic diversity, and could be pathogenic like B. cereus. The aim of this study was to characterize the phenotype of 90 strains belonging to Bc group, half of which were Bt. Knowing that Bt strains belong to different phylogenetic Bc groups, do Bt strains have the same phenotype than other Bc group strains?Five phenotypic parameters were estimated for 90 strains in the Bc group, of which 43 were Bt strains: minimal, maximal and optimal growth temperature, cytotoxicity on Caco-2 cells, heat resistance of spores. The dataset was processed by principal component analysis, showing that 53% of the variance of the profiles corresponded to factors linked to growth, heat resistance and cytotoxicity. The phenotype followed the phylogenetic groups based on panC. Bt strains showed similar behavior to other strains in the Bc group, in our experimental conditions. Commercial bio-insecticide strains were mesophilic with low heat resistance.</div>","PeriodicalId":21098,"journal":{"name":"Research in microbiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10066120","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Physico-chemical characterization of single bacteria and spores using optical tweezers 用光学镊子对单个细菌和孢子进行物理化学表征

IF 2.6 4区生物学

Research in microbiology Pub Date : 2023-07-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.resmic.2023.104060

Daniel P.G. Nilsson , Unni Lise Jonsmoen , Dmitry Malyshev , Rasmus Öberg , Krister Wiklund , Magnus Andersson

引用次数: 0

Insights into the Bacillus anthracis, cereus and thuringiensis world through the BACT conference 通过BACT会议深入了解炭疽芽孢杆菌、蜡样芽孢杆菌和苏云金杆菌世界

IF 2.6 4区生物学

Research in microbiology Pub Date : 2023-07-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.resmic.2023.104095

V. Broussolle, M. Gohar, L. Slamti, Jean-Nicolas Tournier

引用次数: 0

Biochemical limitations of Bacillus thuringiensis based biopesticides production in a wheat bran culture medium 麦麸培养基中苏云金芽孢杆菌生物农药生产的生化限制

IF 2.6 4区生物学

Research in microbiology Pub Date : 2023-07-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.resmic.2023.104043

Rita Barssoum , Gabrielle Al Kassis , Rayan Nassereddine , Jihane Saad , Meriem El Ghoul , Joanna Abboud , Nancy Fayad , Stéphanie Dupoiron , Julien Cescut , César Arturo Aceves-Lara , Luc Fillaudeau , Mireille Kallassy Awad

{"title":"Biochemical limitations of Bacillus thuringiensis based biopesticides production in a wheat bran culture medium","authors":"Rita Barssoum , Gabrielle Al Kassis , Rayan Nassereddine , Jihane Saad , Meriem El Ghoul , Joanna Abboud , Nancy Fayad , Stéphanie Dupoiron , Julien Cescut , César Arturo Aceves-Lara , Luc Fillaudeau , Mireille Kallassy Awad","doi":"10.1016/j.resmic.2023.104043","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.resmic.2023.104043","url":null,"abstract":"<div>Bacillus thuringiensis, a gram-positive sporulating bacteria found in the environment, produces, during its sporulation phase, crystals responsible for its insecticidal activity, constituted of an assembly of pore-forming δ-endotoxins. This has led to its use as a biopesticide, an eco-friendly alternative to harmful chemical pesticides. To minimize production cost, one endemic Bacillus thuringiensis sv. kurstaki (Btk) strain Lip, isolated from Lebanese soil, was cultivated in a wheat bran (WB) based medium (IPM-4-Citrus project EC n° 734921). With the aim of studying the biochemical limitations of Btk biopesticide production in a wheat bran based medium, the WB was sieved into different granulometries, heat treated, inoculated with Btk Lip at flask scale, then filtered and separated into an insoluble and a permeate fractions. Several biochemical analyses, ie. bio performances, starch, elemental composition, total nitrogen and ashes, were then conducted on both fractions before and after culture. On a morphological level, two populations were distinguished, the fine starch granules and the coarse lignocellulosic particles. The biochemical analyses showed that both the raw and sieved WB have a similar proteins content (0.115 g/gdm WB), water content (0.116 g/gdm WB) and elemental composition (carbon: 45%, oxygen: 37%, nitrogen: 3%, hydrogen: 6%, ashes: 5%). The starch content was 17%, 14% and 34% and the fermentable fraction was estimated to 32.1%, 36.1% and 51.1% respectively for classes 2, 3 and 4. Both the elemental composition and Kjeldahl analyses showed that the nitrogen is the limiting nutrient of the culture.</div>","PeriodicalId":21098,"journal":{"name":"Research in microbiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10063742","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3