Vestnik of the Plekhanov Russian University of Economics最新文献

{"title":"Assessing Potential of Import Substitution in Industry Based on Multi-Criteria Rating of Alternatives by Integral Indicator of Efficiency","authors":"T. A. Berkutova, G. Blagodatsky, M. Gorokhov","doi":"10.21686/2413-2829-2024-4-15-24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21686/2413-2829-2024-4-15-24","url":null,"abstract":"The article provides a mathematic model of assessing the potential of import substitution at big industrial enterprises and in branches of production. The practical use of the model is carried out in conditions of Russian highly technological enterprise passing-over to home material and technical base of components in order to ensure technological independence. Assessment of import substitution potential is based on building the optimum plan of settling the transport task and level of suppliers’ product deficit by goods nomenclature in the optimum plan of settling the open transport task of product completing. The task is studied in view of manufacturing traction electric motors used in producing military equipment as well as products of civil and dual purpose in cooperation with contracting parties (suppliers) of components. In this case concrete variants of completing electric motors can influence both quality and price of the final product. In the mathematic model all components are estimated by cost and rated by usefulness hierarchy. For electric motors the equal contribution of forces to component cost was found.","PeriodicalId":210894,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik of the Plekhanov Russian University of Economics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141682413","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative Analysis of Tool Functionality in Descriptive Statistics of Language R","authors":"T. Apal'kova, K. G. Levchenko","doi":"10.21686/2413-2829-2024-4-25-35","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21686/2413-2829-2024-4-25-35","url":null,"abstract":"The article provides methods and procedures of getting numerical statistical characteristics of qualitative and quantitative features by means of language R in the process of preliminary data analysis. The most expedient, in view of simplicity of use and information value of result, specification of functions of language descriptive statistics was shown. The author studied comparative advantages of tools of descriptive statistics of the language with the open software code R in comparison with similar units Python and Ms Excel. A conclusion was drawn about the convenience and appeal of using language R for estimating descriptive statistics for beginners, who have not got specific knowledge in programming. For example, it was shown that in order to get min 12 characteristics of descriptive data statistics grouped by categories only one command will be enough. As for estimating one statistical characteristic for segment of data produced by several grouping features, again only one command is necessary. Findings of the research can be useful for investigators of different fields, both beginners and experts, who work with methods of statistical data processing in academic and practical spheres.","PeriodicalId":210894,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik of the Plekhanov Russian University of Economics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141682468","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Role of Artificial Intellect in Today’s Banking System","authors":"Demba Cisse","doi":"10.21686/2413-2829-2024-3-164-172","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21686/2413-2829-2024-3-164-172","url":null,"abstract":"   The article shows the use of artificial intellect (AI) in different spheres of banking, including client servicing, risk analysis, fraud combating, process automation and decision-making. AI use in banking fosters higher efficiency and accuracy of information processing. It makes automation of standard tasks easier and gives employees wider opportunities to work at complicated and analytical goals. AI helps banks assess quickly and correctly credit risks thereby decreasing possibility of default and enhancing general security of the banking system. The author pointed out that AI improves the quality of client servicing. Chat-bots based on AI can give fast and precise answers to client’s requests and assist in problem solving. Accurate treatment of requests gives banks an opportunity to develop personalized offers and services taking into account preferences and needs of clients. However, besides numerous benefits of using AI the author puts forward problems connected with challenges and difficulties of its introduction in the banking sector. Such issues of transparency, ethics of AI use, possible risks and threats need further study as well as the development of necessary control mechanisms.","PeriodicalId":210894,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik of the Plekhanov Russian University of Economics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141104017","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Use of Strategic Planning Tools for Diversification of Highly-Technological Enterprises in Russian Industry","authors":"I. O. Krapivin","doi":"10.21686/2413-2829-2024-3-222-229","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21686/2413-2829-2024-3-222-229","url":null,"abstract":"   In times of globalization, national economy reforming and intensification of integration processes the level of competitiveness of industrial enterprises is estimated by many factors, the key of them is innovation activity. Due to innovation the business entity has got an opportunity to strengthen its market positions, improve figures of economic efficiency and create big added value. At the same time results of innovation activity shall target at production and economic work of industrial enterprises and foster supply of new highly-technological goods and services to market, which can be provided by strategic planning. The efficiency of its implementation promotes successful introduction of innovation on market and obtaining sustainable competitive advantages. The author analyzed and studied challenges of strategic planning of innovation development and put forward methods of elaborating the system of strategic planning for diversification of highly-technological enterprises of Russian economy.","PeriodicalId":210894,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik of the Plekhanov Russian University of Economics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141107432","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Evolution of the Memory of Alexei Gastev as the Founder of the National School of Management – Scientific Organization of Labor in Modern Practices of Commemoration","authors":"I. V. Dvoluchansky","doi":"10.21686/2413-2829-2024-3-","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21686/2413-2829-2024-3-","url":null,"abstract":"   The Scientific Organization of Labor (NOT) became the largest school of management in the young Soviet republic, and Alexei Gastev's work as head of the Central Institute of Labor was duly appreciated by both contemporaries and followers. In this connection, during the subsequent period, the ideas of the authors of the NOT were used in management practice to solve urgent problems. In the post-Soviet period, researchers of the national history of management thought considered the developments of the ideologist of the NOT Alexei Gastev as a paradigmatic stage in the development of managerial ideas in our country. This article analyzes not the ideas of the author of the NOT themselves, but the memory of his ideas and how this memory was reflected in the process of their interpretation and application. The research is based on the methodology of Memory studies by such authors as Maurice Halbwachs, Jan and Aleida Assmann, Pierre Nora, as well as on the approaches of representatives of the Cambridge School of Intellectual History Quentin Skinner and John Pocock and the research apparatus of the concept of deterritorialization by Gilles Deleuze. In addition, the author's approach is used in the form of synthesis of the results of a meaningful and contextual analysis of memory practices. The result of the study is a description and justification of changes in the general context of A. K. Gastev's memory practices. Due to the lack of collective and cultural memory of A. K. Gastev in Soviet times, in the early years of the post-Soviet period, the practice of commemoration focuses on the building of memory through the actualization of research on the scientific organization of labor. Further, the context of actualization loses its significance and the process of attaching the memory of A. K. Gastev to nearby cultural objects, such as the culture of the avant-garde era, takes place. At the moment, the transformation of the memory of A. K. Gastev is clearly expressed in the formation of the cultural memory of \"Gastevski\". This new form of memory does not yet have precise boundaries, but some contours are already emerging.","PeriodicalId":210894,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik of the Plekhanov Russian University of Economics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141107854","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Research on Pricing on Re Market in Sevastopol","authors":"M. V. Bezhan, I. S. Rakitina, I. Shevchuk","doi":"10.21686/2413-2829-2024-3-142-155","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21686/2413-2829-2024-3-142-155","url":null,"abstract":"   Affordability of housing is one of the most important and topical trends, that is taken into account in pursuing state economic policy in Russia. Pricing process on RE market acts as a serious factor influencing housing affordability and appeal of certain regions for continuous residence. Construction volumes directly depend on effective demand and conditions of mortgage crediting. The article discusses acute issues of certain factor impact on pricing process on RE market. In order to identify the interconnection of these factors the research conducted econometric assessment of the impact of wage dynamics and mortgage crediting portfolio on changes in market RE cost in the city of federal importance Sevastopol. Methods used in the research: models of vector auto-regression (standard and bias). Data of official statistics were used as an information base, including data of the Bank of Russia, as well as publications by economists. The initial hypothesis of the research said that proposed variables influence seriously the actual figure of housing cost in the region. Econometric analysis of this thesis proved in general the hypothesis. Findings of the research can form a scientific base for forecasting inflation processes on RE market in the city of Sevastopol and can be used in other entities of the Russian Federation.","PeriodicalId":210894,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik of the Plekhanov Russian University of Economics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141102928","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lean Production as Mechanism of Enterprise Management","authors":"Ju. S. Lekareva, V. F. Remizova","doi":"10.21686/2413-2829-2024-3-190-196","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21686/2413-2829-2024-3-190-196","url":null,"abstract":"   Maintenance of lean production is a system that consists of tools (methods) aimed at creating and incrementing values, struggle with losses, optimization of enterprise work, cutting prime cost and raising quality of products, development of responsible attitude of personnel to changes. For any industrial enterprise it is important how to minimize losses and increase value of products. Today lean production is not only a managerial practice but also a subject of academic research. In spite of a long history lean production due to its modification capacity is considered an innovation concept. The article characterized lean production as a managerial mechanism of the enterprise, showed reasons for managerial problem arising and provided ways of their resolving. Special attention is paid to methodology of lean enterprise mechanism and principles of maintaining its work. The authors showed stages of starting-up the mechanism of lean production at the enterprise. According to the authors, problems of raising quality and cutting prime cost of products can be solved with lean production as a managerial mechanism. The present research can help elaborate the program of maintaining the work of lean production mechanism and use the algorithm at the enterprise.","PeriodicalId":210894,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik of the Plekhanov Russian University of Economics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141106631","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Introduction of the Subject ‘Principles of Russian State System’ in the Russian Plekhanov University of Economics: First Results and Prospects of Enhancement","authors":"Yu. V. Kapitanets, E. V. Chekmarev","doi":"10.21686/2413-2829-2024-3-182-189","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21686/2413-2829-2024-3-182-189","url":null,"abstract":"   The article analyzed the initial experience of elaboration and introduction of a new subject of higher education, i. e. ‘Principles of Russian State System’ The authors assessed the role of the subject in developing new public relations based on traditional values of Russia, which requires mobilization of intellectual, organizational and other resources, including those in the system of education. The content of the subject based on civilization approach was presented and methodological approaches used for preparing and conducting classes were demonstrated. The authors analyzed specific features of carrying out such lessons in the Russian Plekhanov University of Economics, which allow us to focus attention on traditional values and principles of Russia being a state-civilization. It was shown that peoples of Russia for more than thousand years could create and maintain independently the state system, formulate models of social behavior and principles of world order meeting contemporary challenges.","PeriodicalId":210894,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik of the Plekhanov Russian University of Economics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141105268","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Today’s Finance Markets in Conditions of Poly-Crisis and Crisis of Cost of Living","authors":"S. V. Frumina, I. Khominich","doi":"10.21686/2413-2829-2024-3-156-163","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21686/2413-2829-2024-3-156-163","url":null,"abstract":"   The article provides characteristics, statistics and factual material on countries connected with the current global economic crisis of the cost of living. The notion of the current poly-crisis was defined as a sum total of old and new risks in their close interaction and their adverse impact on global and national economy and finance markets. The focus was made on tightening of monetary and credit policy of national central banks in 2022–2023 in view of combating inflation, which resulted in more expensive credits, higher profitability of state treasury bonds, bankruptcy of corporations and declining standard of living of people. On the background of the global poly-crisis the author assessed macro-prudential policy of the Bank of Russia and standing of its banking system, including market of preferential mortgage with state support. Within the frames of crisis-management risks of Russian insurance and re-insurance industries were shown, as well as non-credit life insurance as a today’s driver of insurance market growth. In view of import-substitution policy an important innovation of the Moscow exchange – the informational-analytical, financial and trade terminal ‘Trade Radar’ was put forward. The author showed economic essence, trends and tools of de-dollarization policy of Russia and friendly countries, including BRICS project aiming at development of common supranational payment unit.","PeriodicalId":210894,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik of the Plekhanov Russian University of Economics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141102845","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Forecasting Use of Critical Rear-Earth Metals and Lithium During Energy Transformation","authors":"V. E. Shunkov, P. I. Sevostyanov","doi":"10.21686/2413-2829-2024-3-197-206","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21686/2413-2829-2024-3-197-206","url":null,"abstract":"   Energy transition from power-engineering of fossil fuel to low-carbon power-engineering requires great amounts of minerals. The growth in global demand for real-earth metals brings serious pressure on today’s supply. Among necessary minerals rear-earth elements (REE) are key components of ecologically clean power technologies, such as windmills and electric vehicles. In spite of importance of rear-earth metals forecasting of their future use is still a complicated task. The article paid key attention to forecasts of using lithium in electric vehicles and wind power stations, as well as neodymium. The authors researched problems connected with current and future REE supplies for low-carbon technologies: monopoly of China, the absence of equivalents substitutions, low rate of processing, etc. The authors analyzed long-term trends of consuming rear-earth metals and lithium on the basis of simple models of data and more complicated ones - multinomial. In general, models can forecast consequences only in limited degree, as in many cases they make up a structure, which combines a great number of initial assumptions. We propose a new approach to appraisal future use of key resources for energy transitions, which can answer the question ‘how to satisfy the current and future demand for power’ and will help scientists and decision-makers develop sustainable power strategies in view of climatic challenges and compare non-modeled scenarios on the basis of expert analysis.","PeriodicalId":210894,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik of the Plekhanov Russian University of Economics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141107239","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}