Research in veterinary science最新文献

{"title":"Integrative phenotypic and genomic analysis of extended-spectrum Beta-lactamase (ESBL) and carbapenemase genes in Enterobacteriaceae and Pseudomonaceae strains isolated from animals in a Spanish Veterinary Teaching Hospital","authors":"Laura Leal-Vélez ,&nbsp;Sergio Quevedo-Caraballo ,&nbsp;Raffaele Scarpellini ,&nbsp;Marta E. García ,&nbsp;José L. Blanco","doi":"10.1016/j.rvsc.2025.105529","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rvsc.2025.105529","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a major global health threat, exacerbated by globalization which facilitates the spread of resistant bacteria. Addressing this issue requires a One Health perspective, involving humans, animals, and the environment. This study aims to compare the phenotypic resistance profiles of 69 clinical bacterial isolates (<em>Enterobacteriaceae</em> and <em>Pseudomonaceae)</em> from a Veterinary Teaching Hospital in Spain with their genotypic resistance profiles based on the presence of Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamases (ESBLs), AmpC and carbapenemases -enconding genes. For the genotypical analysis, whole genome sequencing (WGS) was used. Phenotypic characterization revealed that 37 isolates (53.6 %) grew on ESBL-selective medium. Phenotypic confirmatory tests showed that 12 strains (17.4 %) had some type of ESBL and 21 (30.4 %) could have an AmpC. Also, 24 isolates (34.8 %) grew in selective media for carbapenemases-producing bacteria, and 2 of these had a class A carbapenemase based on the KPC&amp;MBL&amp;OXA-48 disc kit. The genotypic analysis revealed 20 isolates (29 %) had <em>bla</em>_TEM, 8 (11.6 %) had <em>bla</em>_CTX-M and 7 (10.1 %) <em>bla</em>_SHV. 27 (39.1 %) isolates had class C beta-lactamase genes. 35 isolates (50.7 %) had <em>bla</em>_OXA, class D beta-lactamase. 37 strains (53.6 %) had an Inc. plasmid replicon associated with the spread of AMR genes, including beta-lactamases and carbapenemases. This study emphasizes the value of combining phenotypic and genomic analyses to better understand and address antibiotic resistance, especially in veterinary contexts. Integrating these approaches enhances diagnostic accuracy by identifying strains with resistance genes that may not show phenotypically, helping clinicians in anticipating resistance under selective pressure.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21083,"journal":{"name":"Research in veterinary science","volume":"185 ","pages":"Article 105529"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142984552","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Seronegativity of Iberian ibex (Capra pyrenaica) against Toxoplasma gondii and Neospora caninum is consistent with eco-epidemiological and environmental features in Mediterranean mountainous areas","authors":"Alejandro Cano-Manuel ,&nbsp;José Enrique Granados ,&nbsp;Gema Álvarez-García ,&nbsp;Ana Huertas-López ,&nbsp;Carlos Diezma-Díaz ,&nbsp;Francisco Javier Cano-Manuel ,&nbsp;Luis Miguel Ortega-Mora ,&nbsp;Paulino Fandos ,&nbsp;Gregorio Mentaberre ,&nbsp;Jorge Ramón López-Olvera ,&nbsp;Carlos Martínez-Carrasco","doi":"10.1016/j.rvsc.2025.105530","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rvsc.2025.105530","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Knowledge of pathogen epidemiological dynamics and habitat ecological features is essential for wildlife population and health monitoring and management. <em>Toxoplasma gondii</em> and <em>Neospora caninum</em> are two broadly distributed multi-host parasites that affect both wild and domestic animals and, in the case of <em>T. gondii</em>, cause zoonosis. This study reports the seroprevalence of both parasites in Iberian ibex (<em>Capra pyrenaica</em>), a mountain wild ruminant native to the Iberian Peninsula, from the Natural Space of Sierra Nevada (NSSN) in southeastern Spain. Serum from 146 Iberian ibexes were analysed using two in-house ELISA techniques. The positive and doubtful sera were further checked by Western Blot (WB). Seventeen ibexes (11.6 %; 95 % confidence interval 6.4–16.7) were positive for <em>T. gondii</em> and seven (4.8 %; 95 % confidence interval 1.3–8.2) for <em>N. caninum</em>. However, no sera were positive to <em>T. gondii</em> nor to <em>N. caninum</em> by WB. Using at least two different serological techniques is recommended when they are not validated for the target host species. The NSSN is a hypoendemic area for <em>T. gondii</em> and <em>N. caninum</em>, probably determined by the reduced abundance and restricted distribution of their definitive hosts. This would explain the hypoendemic situation in the NSSN and the lack of specific antibodies against these two parasites in the Iberian ibex population. This eco-epidemiological scenario can be challenged by climate and anthropogenic changes, recommending long-term monitoring Iberian ibex population and health, both as a conservation measure for the species and as an indicator of the potential impact of global change on high mountain ecosystems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21083,"journal":{"name":"Research in veterinary science","volume":"184 ","pages":"Article 105530"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142972159","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microcomputed tomographic analysis of the trabecular and cortical architecture of the proximal femur and hip bone of cats and small breed dogs","authors":"Jessica Frei,&nbsp;Franziska Feichtner,&nbsp;Andrea Meyer-Lindenberg","doi":"10.1016/j.rvsc.2025.105531","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rvsc.2025.105531","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study aims to provide an initial database to gain more detailed knowledge of the trabecular and cortical bone structure of pelvic and femur bones in cats and smaller dogs. Additionally, the bony microarchitecture between cats and smaller dogs was compared to identify possible differences between those species. These findings could potentially improve the development of non-cemented total hip replacement (THR). To determine the bony microarchitecture, a total of 48 pelvises and thus 96 acetabuli and femora of smaller dogs (<em>n</em> = 21) and cats (<em>n</em> = 27) were analysed using microcomputed tomography. The parameters bone volume (BV/TV), bone surface (BS/BV), trabecular thickness (Tb.Th), number of trabeculae (Tb.N), trabecular spacing (Tb.Sp), degree of anisotropy (DA), connectivity density (Conn. D) and mean bone density were measured and compared between the species. In addition, the femoral angle of antetorsion was determined on both sides of the body.</div><div>Overall, cats had fewer but thicker trabeculae than the small dogs in the analysed areas of the pelvis and femur. This resulted in a greater trabecular distance in cats than in small dogs. Together with a higher cortical bone density at the femoral shaft in cats, it could be determined that cats have a more stable bone architecture in the measured areas than smaller dogs. The angle of antetorsion did not differ significantly between the cats and the dogs examined.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21083,"journal":{"name":"Research in veterinary science","volume":"185 ","pages":"Article 105531"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142972169","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Proteolytic profile and nematicidal potential of proteases produced by Pleurotus djamor in coprocultures","authors":"Adriane Toledo da Silva ,&nbsp;Debora Castro de Souza ,&nbsp;Lisseth Bibiana Puentes Figueroa ,&nbsp;Amanda do Carmo Alves ,&nbsp;Tiago Moreira Facury ,&nbsp;Eustáquio Souza Dias ,&nbsp;Fábio Ribeiro Braga ,&nbsp;Filippe Elias de Freitas Soares","doi":"10.1016/j.rvsc.2025.105528","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rvsc.2025.105528","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The aim of this study was to evaluate the proteolytic profile of the cell-free crude extract (CFCE) of <em>Pleurotus djamor</em> and its nematicidal action on <em>Haemonchus</em> spp. and <em>Trichostrongylus</em> spp. larvae in coprocultures. Solid-state fermentation was used to produce proteases by <em>P. djamor</em>. The proteolytic and specific activity of CFCE was measured, and its proteolytic profile was revealed using a zymogram. The nematicidal assay of CFCE in coprocultures was evaluated using two groups: the control group (G1) containing 1 mL of CFCE with denatured enzymes +10 g of positive feces, and the treated group (G2) containing 1 mL of active CFCE +10 g of positive feces. For each group, 10 repetitions were carried out. A proteolytic activity of 7.5 ± 0.9 U mL⁻¹ and a specific activity of 30 ± U mg⁻¹ were measured. With regard to the nematicidal assay, there was a significant 35 % reduction in the number of larvae recovered from G2 compared to G1. The zymogram showed the presence of at least two proteases in the active CFCE of <em>P. djamor</em> with molecular weights between 75 and 100 kDa. The results suggest that the CFCE of <em>P. djamor</em> has nematicidal potential even in the feces environment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21083,"journal":{"name":"Research in veterinary science","volume":"184 ","pages":"Article 105528"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142966463","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prospects of bovine milk small extracellular vesicles in veterinary medicine","authors":"Md. Matiur Rahman ,&nbsp;Yasuo Inoshima","doi":"10.1016/j.rvsc.2024.105524","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rvsc.2024.105524","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Extracellular vesicles (EV), including exosomes or small EV (sEV) derived from biological fluids, such as milk, have garnered increasing interest in veterinary medicine because of their role in the pathophysiology and understanding of the disease status of the host. Bovine milk serves as a rich source of sEV, containing diverse cargoes of nucleic acids, proteins, and lipids, which play a critical role in intercellular communication and regulation of host status. Although it is more difficult to isolate and purify sEV from bovine milk than from human breast milk, challenges persist in enabling the enrichment and analysis of sEV populations, facilitating the elucidation of their functional roles and prognostic potential in cattle diseases. Moreover, owing to their availability, ease of collection, noninvasive nature, and low cost, bovine milk sEV could be an excellent resource for research in veterinary medicine. Furthermore, the development of sEV-based prognosis is promising for improving veterinary medicine through the early detection of diseases and personalized therapeutic strategies. In this review, we provide a comprehensive overview of bovine milk sEV related to disease monitoring, host physiology, and immune regulation, and highlight their potential applications in advancing veterinary medicine. The prognostic and therapeutic potential of bovine milk sEV could be unlocked by combining knowledge from many fields, creating new opportunities for the development of precise, early prognostic, and focused therapeutic interventions for diseases in veterinary medicine.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21083,"journal":{"name":"Research in veterinary science","volume":"184 ","pages":"Article 105524"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143067452","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chicken hnRNPK suppresses interferon production, thereby enhancing IBDV replication","authors":"Ke Wang,&nbsp;Ying Hu,&nbsp;Jiangjiang Nie,&nbsp;Qinghua Zeng,&nbsp;Yu Hu,&nbsp;Huansheng Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.rvsc.2025.105527","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rvsc.2025.105527","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Heterogeneous ribonucleoprotein K (hnRNPK) is a well-known RNA-binding protein initially identified for its role in inhibiting the growth of various human tumors. Members of the hnRNP family have also been implicated in both interferon production and RNA virus replication. However, the role of chicken hnRNPK (chhnRNPK) in the replication of Infectious Bursal Disease Virus (IBDV) remains unclear. In this study, we identified chhnRNPK as a protein that interacts with genomic double-stranded RNA (dsRNA). Following IBDV infection, chhnRNPK was recruited to the virus replication complex in the cytoplasm. Furthermore, chhnRNPK expression inhibited dsRNA-induced interferon production, specifically at the mitochondrial antiviral signaling protein (MAVS) step. Overexpression of chhnRNPK significantly enhanced virus replication, while knockdown of chhnRNPK increased dsRNA-induced interferon production and subsequently disrupted IBDV replication. Collectively, these findings suggest that chhnRNPK promotes IBDV replication by interacting with genomic dsRNA, highlighting a novel host factor that regulates viral replication.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21083,"journal":{"name":"Research in veterinary science","volume":"184 ","pages":"Article 105527"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143067394","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bile acids alleviate intestinal inflammation by modulating gut microbiota composition in LPS-challenged broilers","authors":"Guoqiang Fan ,&nbsp;Wenjing Chen ,&nbsp;Jianxing He ,&nbsp;Danping Wang ,&nbsp;Xiaojing Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.rvsc.2024.105526","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rvsc.2024.105526","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Previous research has identified bile acids (BAs) as a valuable supplement for animal feed, especially in the poultry industry. However, there is limited research on the use of bile acids as a preventative measure against intestinal inflammation in broilers. This study aims to investigate the impact of dietary BAs on LPS-triggered intestinal inflammation in broilers. 180 Arbor Acres broilers were randomly divided into four group: (1) broilers receiving a standard diet (Con group); (2) broilers from the Con category subjected to LPS challenge (LPS group); (3) broilers on a diet supplemented with BAs compound and exposed to LPS (BA+LPS group); and (4) broilers on a diet enriched with lithocholic acid (LCA) and challenged with LPS (LCA + LPS group).The results showed that the LPS challenge caused a notable rise in liver mass, plasma AST concentrations, and levels of inflammatory cytokines (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). BAs compounds or LCA improved intestinal morphological damage, inflammation response and bile acid metabolism (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). Furthermore, analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that supplementation with BAs compounds or LCA mitigated the reduction in bacterial diversity, while also increasing the abundance of operational taxonomic units (OTUs) associated with Bacteroides and Bifidobacterium. Additionally, the increased abundance of Candidatus_Arthromitus due to BAs compound or LCA supplementation showed a significant negative correlation with the concentrations of intestinal inflammatory cytokines (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). These results suggest that the supplementation of BAs compound or LCA has the potential to alleviate intestinal inflammation and regulate gut microbiota in broilers subjected to LPS challenge.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21083,"journal":{"name":"Research in veterinary science","volume":"184 ","pages":"Article 105526"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142927913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gastric habronematidosis in mules: Gastroscopy and histopathology-based diagnosis","authors":"Lady Consuelo Calixto-Vega ,&nbsp;Andrés Felipe Castro-Mesa ,&nbsp;José Ramón Martínez-Aranzales","doi":"10.1016/j.rvsc.2024.105525","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rvsc.2024.105525","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This cross-sectional study aimed to describe the presence of gastric habronematidosis using gastroscopy and histopathology as diagnostic methods, in addition to evaluating the relationship between the parasite presence and concurrent gastric diseases. Numerous studies have been carried out with equines, mules not being targeted even though these are representative species because of number and the various agricultural tasks they perform worldwide. To fill this gap in the literature, this study evaluated a population of 97 male and female mules over two years old using two diagnostic methods. Samples were taken from the gastric mucosa of mules presenting lesions compatible with Squamous Gastric Disease (SGD) or Glandular Gastric Disease (GGD). The Spearman's test was used to determine the correlation coefficients between the outcomes and explanatory variables of the study, i.e., parasites with gastritis/equine gastric ulcer syndrome (EGUS)/GGD/SGD/age/sex/body condition score (BCS). Gastroscopy evidenced the presence of nematodes morphologically compatible with <em>Habronema</em> spp. in 11.3 % of the individuals, and histopathology showed that 5.6 % of the mules had inflammatory processes associated with chronic eosinophilic gastritis with intralesional parasites. No correlation (<em>p</em> &gt; 0,05) was found between the presence of parasites and the variables studied. These results confirm the presence of gastric habronematidosis in mules, which has not been reported for this species.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21083,"journal":{"name":"Research in veterinary science","volume":"184 ","pages":"Article 105525"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142910422","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dietary profiles of wild carnivores and Blastocystis occurrence: The case of the endangered Iberian lynx (Lynx pardinus) and systematic review","authors":"Javier Caballero-Gómez ,&nbsp;Gabriel Ávalos ,&nbsp;Pablo Matas-Méndez ,&nbsp;Ana M. Figueiredo ,&nbsp;Sabrina Castro-Scholten ,&nbsp;Débora Jiménez-Martín ,&nbsp;Pamela C. Köster ,&nbsp;Mónica Santín ,&nbsp;Begoña Bailo ,&nbsp;David Cano-Terriza ,&nbsp;Pedro Sarmento ,&nbsp;Nuno Neves ,&nbsp;Carlos Carrapato ,&nbsp;David González-Barrio ,&nbsp;Marta Mateo ,&nbsp;Ignacio García-Bocanegra ,&nbsp;Alejandro Dashti ,&nbsp;Sergio Sánchez ,&nbsp;David Carmena","doi":"10.1016/j.rvsc.2024.105518","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rvsc.2024.105518","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Recent molecular and metagenomic studies have revealed that the obligate anaerobic protist <em>Blastocystis</em> is found more prevalently and with higher subtype diversities in herbivore species than in carnivore species. However, information on wild carnivore species is scarce. Here, we investigated the presence of <em>Blastocystis</em> by molecular methods in fecal DNA samples of free-ranging and captive Iberian lynxes from Spain (<em>n</em> = 243) and Portugal (<em>n</em> = 30). In addition, a systematic review was conducted to obtain information on the <em>Blastocystis</em> prevalence rates and subtype diversities reported in free-living and captive wild carnivores worldwide during the period 2000–2024. <em>Blastocystis</em> was not detected by PCR in any of the samples investigated. Analyses of the data gathered from our systematic review revealed that <em>Blastocystis</em> is uncommon either in free-living (2.1 %, 29/1377) or captive (8.5 %, 100/1175) wild carnivore species. Many of these findings seem to result from accidental acquisition via prey animals, scavenging, contaminated water/feed (free-ranging wild carnivores), or cross-species transmission among animals sharing enclosures (captive wild carnivores). Comparative metagenomic studies analyzing gut microbiota profiles of carnivores are needed to fully understand how microbial communities affect <em>Blastocystis</em> colonization.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21083,"journal":{"name":"Research in veterinary science","volume":"184 ","pages":"Article 105518"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143067398","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Oreochromicin-2 shows antimicrobial and immunostimulant effect against respiratory pathogens in pigs","authors":"Liliana Basabe-Tuero ,&nbsp;Lázara Ayala ,&nbsp;Ivette Espinosa ,&nbsp;Yeleiny Machín ,&nbsp;Liany Coto ,&nbsp;Carlos Duarte ,&nbsp;Soraya Piloto ,&nbsp;Antonio Morales ,&nbsp;Osmany Rodrigo ,&nbsp;David Diago ,&nbsp;Iliana Sosa ,&nbsp;Mario Pablo Estrada ,&nbsp;Rebeca Martínez","doi":"10.1016/j.rvsc.2024.105523","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rvsc.2024.105523","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Porcine respiratory diseases have a huge economic impact on pig production. The highest incidence of these diseases is commonly linked to <em>Streptococcus suis</em>, <em>Pasteurella multocida</em> and <em>Bordetella bronchiseptica</em>, some of which are zoonotic posing a risk to human health. The inappropriate and excessive use of conventional antibiotics, as usual procedure for treating respiratory diseases in pigs, has generated the emergence of antimicrobial resistance (AMR), which urgently requires the development of alternative approaches to current antimicrobials. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) have rapidly garnered interest as novel therapeutic candidates. Oreochromicin-2 (Oreoch-2), an AMP previously isolated from <em>Oreochromis niloticus</em> gills, has shown broad antibacterial properties against several species. However, studies about its effect on porcine respiratory pathogens and its potential use for the treatment of swine respiratory diseases are not available. In this work we determined the <em>in vitro</em> antimicrobial activity of the peptide against <em>S. suis</em> by a broth microdilution method. Oreoch-2 showed a MIC of 3.13 μM against this pathogen. For <em>in vivo</em> experiments, Yorkshire x Landrace crossbred (LYxL35) weaning pigs aged 30–33 days were allocated in pens containing ten pigs each. To study the influence of the peptide on health status, a total clinical score was determined. The administration of Oreoch-2 improved the clinical behavior of the animals, similar to the conventional antibiotic shotapen, respect to the placebo group. A reduction of bacterial loads in the respiratory tract and lungs was observed in Oreoch-2-treated animals as compared to the placebo group. It was shown that peptide treated-piglets displayed significantly higher serum IgG concentration compared to the control group. These results demonstrated Oreoch-2 potential as an antimicrobial and immunostimulant drug candidate against respiratory diseases in pigs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21083,"journal":{"name":"Research in veterinary science","volume":"184 ","pages":"Article 105523"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142972158","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}