Results in Physics最新文献

{"title":"Novel hafnium oxide doped G-T-B Glass: Structural, physical, mechanical, optical, and radiation shielding investigation","authors":"M.H.A. Mhareb ,&nbsp;Kawa M. Kaky ,&nbsp;K.A. Mahmoud ,&nbsp;M.I. Sayyed ,&nbsp;Abed Jawad Kadhim ,&nbsp;Yasser Maghrbi","doi":"10.1016/j.rinp.2025.108161","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rinp.2025.108161","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Three glasses were fabricated using a common melting and annealing process. Hafnium oxide-doped tellurite germanate borate glasses have been investigated for radiation shielding. A series of three glasses with the formula of (35-x) B₂O₃-20TeO₂-10GeO₂-35MgO-xHfO₂ (x = 1.25, 2.5, and 3.75 mol%). X-ray diffraction (XRD) pattern investigated the glassy phase of the samples. The Makishima-Mackenzie model was employed to evaluate the mechanical features of synthetic glasses. The dissociation energy (G_t) and packing density (V_t) are determined using the related formulas. The optical features of the manufactured glasses were determined using a number of formulas and the UV absorption edge. The energy band gap (E_g) was found using the Mott and Davis relation. The refractive index and Urbach energy (E_U) were computed using the related relationships. Many optical features, like metallization (M), transmission (T), reflection loss (R), optical basicity (Λ), optical polarizability (α₀), and optical electronegativity (χ), were computed and reported in this work. Monte Carlo simulation was employed to investigate the gamma-ray shielding parameters over an energy interval that extends from 0.015 MeV to 10 MeV. The increase in HfO₂ content within the concentration rage of 1.25–3.75 mol% increases the linear attenuation coefficient of the prepared glasses across the ranges of 107.510–134.277 cm⁻¹ (at 0.015 MeV) 1.282–1.593 cm⁻¹ (at 0.15 MeV), and 0.183–0.191 cm⁻¹ (at 1.5 MeV). The increase in HfO₂ concentrations is also accompanied by a decrease in the half-value thickness, thickness equivalent lead, and the transmission factor for the synthesized glass samples.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21042,"journal":{"name":"Results in Physics","volume":"70 ","pages":"Article 108161"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143454577","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigation of a novel exact wave solution structure in nonlinear thermoelasticity using modern techniques","authors":"Wafaa B. Rabie ,&nbsp;Hamdy M. Ahmed ,&nbsp;Mohamed F. Ismail ,&nbsp;Abdul-Majid Wazwaz ,&nbsp;Abdallah A. Syied ,&nbsp;Assmaa Abd-Elmonem ,&nbsp;Nesreen Sirelkhtam Elmki Abdalla ,&nbsp;W. Abbas ,&nbsp;M.A. Ibrahim","doi":"10.1016/j.rinp.2025.108148","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rinp.2025.108148","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study introduces an enhanced methodology to investigate the complex interactions within temperature-dependent thermoelastic systems, particularly under the Dual-Phase-Lag (DPL) model. Motivated by the challenges posed by nonlinear thermoelasticity, where thermal loads significantly influence material geometry and properties, the research aims to bridge the gap in accurately modeling such phenomena. Real-world applications, including the behavior of materials under extreme thermal conditions and thermal stresses in large-scale structures, necessitate precise methodologies to capture these intricate couplings between thermal and mechanical effects. To this end, the study introduces an enhanced approach, the improved modified extended tanh function technique (IMETFT). The analysis reveals a variety of solutions, such as dark soliton, bright soliton, singular soliton, hyperbolic, rational, Jacobi elliptic, polynomial, and exponential solutions. Graphical depictions of some of the extracted solutions are included to aid readers in physically understanding the obtained solutions’ behavior and characteristics.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21042,"journal":{"name":"Results in Physics","volume":"70 ","pages":"Article 108148"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143420692","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Generic mobility edges in a class of non-Hermitian quasicrystals","authors":"Xiang-Ping Jiang ,&nbsp;Mingdi Xu ,&nbsp;Lei Pan","doi":"10.1016/j.rinp.2025.108146","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rinp.2025.108146","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We present approximate solutions for the mobility edge (ME) in a specific class of one-dimensional non-Hermitian (NH) quasicrystals delineating between localized and extended states. These NH quasicrystals exhibit a combination of nonreciprocal hopping terms and imaginary phase factors. Our analytical approach is supported by rigorous numerical calculations, demonstrating significant accuracy. Furthermore, our ansatz aligns closely with the established limiting cases of the NH Aubry–André–Harper (AAH) and Ganeshan–Pixley–Das Sarma (GPD) models, which possess exact results, thereby enhancing the credibility of our approach. Additionally, we have examined their dynamic properties and identified distinct behaviors in different regimes. Our research offers a practical methodology for estimating the position of MEs in a category of NH quasicrystals that break duality.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21042,"journal":{"name":"Results in Physics","volume":"70 ","pages":"Article 108146"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143395192","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pore-scale evaluation on hydrothermal performance in a microtube with homogeneous microporous media by lattice Boltzmann method","authors":"Saboura Yousefi ,&nbsp;Mostafa Mahdavi ,&nbsp;Seyed Soheil Mousavi Ajarostaghi ,&nbsp;Mohsen Sharifpur ,&nbsp;Magda Abd El-Rahman","doi":"10.1016/j.rinp.2025.108155","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rinp.2025.108155","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates the heat transfer and flow behavior of Al₂O₃-water nanofluid in micro-scale systems, using the lattice Boltzmann method (LBM) for numerical simulations. To implement the LBM code, FORTRAN home-made programming is employed. The research focuses on a three-dimensional microtube (500 μm diameter and 6,000 μm length) subjected to a uniform wall heat flux, with Reynolds numbers between 40 and 100. Spherical particles of varying sizes and quantities are introduced into the flow path to investigate the impact of porosity on thermophysical properties. The study explores the relatively unexamined application of the LBM to curved boundaries. Results indicate that introducing 6–10 spherical objects at Re = 40 increases the average Nusselt number by about 23.61 % and 25.83 %, respectively, whereas larger spheres in smaller quantities exhibit minimal or negative effects on heat transfer. Although the lattice Boltzmann method is gaining traction in fluid dynamics, its application to curved boundaries remains limited. This study advances the field by analyzing flow dynamics in a microtube with spherical inserts, integrating curved boundaries, nanofluids, and porous structures, thereby providing valuable insights into thermophysical studies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21042,"journal":{"name":"Results in Physics","volume":"70 ","pages":"Article 108155"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143420852","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Electrostatic action promotes bonding efficacy of DNA-modified nanoparticle self-assembly in solution","authors":"Qiuyan Yu ,&nbsp;Jinhong Huang ,&nbsp;Mengyuan Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.rinp.2025.108153","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rinp.2025.108153","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Our study aims to develop a foundational framework for simulating DNA-modified nanoparticle (DNA-NP) self-assembly in salt solutions, focusing on electrostatic and bonding interactions. We employ a sophisticated coarse-grained model to explore bonding efficacy and thermodynamic analysis across various density systems by molecular dynamics method. Notably, in low-density systems, bonding percentage <em>p</em>_h is minimal at <em>T</em> = 1.2. By increasing cation concentration <em>c</em>⁺, controlling temperature, optimizing grafting number <em>n</em> and linker length, <em>p</em>_h can be significantly improved. For instance, at <em>c</em>⁺ = 0.5, the maximum <em>p</em>_h reaches 0.4 for <em>n</em> = 60, surpassing that for <em>n</em> = 100. Although higher DNA loadings can significantly influence nanotherapeutics and biological detection, an optimal grafting number (<em>n</em> = 60) is crucial for peak bonding efficacy at temperatures <em>T</em> = 1.08 ∼ 1.23. The peak value <em>p</em>_{h, max} is observed near <em>t</em> = 3 × 10⁶. The required bonding strength varies depending on the application field. For crystalline lattice formation, optimal linker length <em>n</em>_l is equal to 3. For probes or medical diagnostics, longer linker chains is recommended to enhance bonding strength and probe sensitivity. In higher density systems, there exist different optimization conditions. These insights are valuable for rational design of DNA-NP for targeted drug delivery and diagnostics among other biomedical applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21042,"journal":{"name":"Results in Physics","volume":"70 ","pages":"Article 108153"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143420693","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Thermodynamic properties and the confinement frequency for Second Pὃschl-Teller potential","authors":"C.A. Onate ,&nbsp;I.B. Okon ,&nbsp;E. Omugbe ,&nbsp;E.S. Eyube ,&nbsp;K.O. Emeje","doi":"10.1016/j.rinp.2025.108144","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rinp.2025.108144","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The study of thermodynamic properties for different potentials as a function of temperature and maximum quantum state have been widely reported. In the present study, the authors examined the effect of the total confinement frequency (which is a combination of a confinement frequency <span><math><msub><mi>ω</mi><mn>0</mn></msub></math></span> and cyclotron frequency <span><math><msub><mi>ω</mi><mi>c</mi></msub></math></span>) on some thermodynamic properties such as the vibrational enthalpy, the vibrational Gibbs free energy and the vibrational entropy. The energy level of the Second Pὃschl-Teller potential model is obtained using supersymmetric approach and shape invariance formalism. Then, the vibrational partition function is calculated from the energy level of the Second Pὃschl-Teller potential model using the Poisson summation formula. The vibrational thermodynamic properties are calculated from the partition function and its derivative. The result shows that the presence of the total confinement frequency lowers the vibrational enthalpy and entropy but reduces the negativity of the Gibbs free energy. The result also showcases that the magnetic field which is the main term in the cyclotron frequency has less decreasing effect on the enthalpy and entropy compared to the frequency as part of the total confinement frequency.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21042,"journal":{"name":"Results in Physics","volume":"70 ","pages":"Article 108144"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143376610","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A random fiber laser with multiple bidirectional Rayleigh scattering provided by dual-ring sub-cavity structure","authors":"Shaode Li ,&nbsp;Wei He ,&nbsp;Qiongyue Zhang ,&nbsp;Xingpeng Fei","doi":"10.1016/j.rinp.2025.108151","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rinp.2025.108151","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this study, a simple and effective method for enhancing Rayleigh scattering (RS) intensity is proposed and experimentally validated, enabling stable output with exceptionally low-frequency noise across each wavelength channel of random fiber lasers (RFLs). The design employs two segments of single-mode fibers (SMFs) symmetrically arranged in dual-ring sub-cavity. This unique structural configuration facilitates multiple bidirectional RS interactions, providing sufficient random distributed feedback (R-DFB) for the laser system. Initially, random laser (RL) outputs at 1560 nm were achieved using both ring-cavity and single-ring sub-cavity structures. These systems exhibited frequency noise exceeding 1.21 Hz/√Hz and wavelength and output power fluctuations of 0.79 nm and 1.52 dB, respectively. Subsequently, the laser system was upgraded to a dual-ring sub-cavity configuration, and its output performance was re-evaluated. The experimental results show that the wavelength and output power fluctuations are reduced to 0.28 nm and 0.26 dB, respectively. Benefiting from the enhanced R-DFB and superior filtering properties of the dual-ring sub-cavity, the frequency noise of the lasing output decreased significantly to 0.03 Hz/√Hz, the lowest value reported to date. In addition, the importance of sufficient R-DFB for RFL is demonstrated by measuring frequency amplitude, output linewidth, and slope efficiency.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21042,"journal":{"name":"Results in Physics","volume":"70 ","pages":"Article 108151"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143395193","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Laser-induced photochemical reduction for the production of gold and silver nanoparticles on gold nanostructures","authors":"Naushad Ahmad Khan ,&nbsp;Yi-Han Kuo ,&nbsp;Shang-Yang Yu ,&nbsp;Yun-Cheng Ku ,&nbsp;Kuo-Yung Hung ,&nbsp;Jiunn-Woei Liaw","doi":"10.1016/j.rinp.2025.108152","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rinp.2025.108152","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This research explores two methods for the photo-chemical reduction of gold and silver ions, utilizing either a continuous-wave (CW) laser or a femtosecond laser, in conjunction with plasmon-assisted hot electrons. The study focuses on the photoreduction of chloroauric acid (HAuCl₄) and silver nitrate (AgNO₃) solutions containing gold nanostructures under irradiation from either CW or femtosecond laser. Specifically, we employed a 445 nm CW laser to irradiate gold nanowires, formed through the photo-driven self-assembly of gold nanorods, in HAuCl₄ solution. Through this photoreduction process, we observed the newly formed gold nanoparticles on the surface of gold nanowires. In addition, we also used 445 nm to irradiate gold triangular nanoplates in AgNO₃ solution with ascorbic acid as a reducing agent. We observed that silver nanoparticles clearly formed and attached to the edges of a gold triangular nanoplate. In another approach, an 800 nm femtosecond laser was used to irradiate gold nanorods, gold triangular/hexagonal nanoplates and a gold nanofilm in AgNO₃ solution with a reducing agent under inverted microscopy. For instance, silver nanoparticles were observed to attach to the edges of the gold triangular and hexagonal nanoplates, facilitating the growth of the nanoplates. The formation of photochemically reduced nanoparticles was confirmed using energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. Notably, 3D silver dendritic structures were synthesized with the femtosecond laser and deposited onto the gold nanofilm, a process attributed to two-photon absorption effect. The high sensitivity of these immobilized dendrites for surface-enhanced Raman scattering applications was also demonstrated.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21042,"journal":{"name":"Results in Physics","volume":"70 ","pages":"Article 108152"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143420691","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pressure-induced modifications in the electronic, mechanical, optical, and thermodynamic properties of CsPbI3 for advanced optoelectronic applications: A DFT study","authors":"Mehrunisa Moin ,&nbsp;A. Qadoos ,&nbsp;Muhammad Moin ,&nbsp;Urva Gull ,&nbsp;Muhammad Rashid ,&nbsp;Zhenyi Jiang ,&nbsp;Udayabhasakrarao Thumu","doi":"10.1016/j.rinp.2025.108150","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rinp.2025.108150","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Halide perovskite-based materials have garnered significant attention in the scientific community due to their diverse optoelectronic and photovoltaic applications. This study employed density functional theory (DFT) to investigate the substantial changes in the physical properties of cubic halide perovskite CsPbI₃ under hydrostatic pressures ranging from 0 to 55 GPa. Under high external pressures, CsPbI₃ transitions from semiconducting to metallic, with conduction and valence band maxima convergent at 40 and 55 GPa. The intrinsic structure of CsPbI₃ exhibits direct band gap tuning at the Γ point, decreasing with pressure and reaching optimal photoelectric efficiency values (1.30–1.40 eV) within the 35–45 GPa range. Bandgap modifications alter state density, impacting conduction and valence band contributions. The mechanical response of CsPbI₃ shows its ductile behavior and ability to improve properties under external pressure. Elastic coefficients increase at a maximum pressure value, indicating stiffness and resistance to shear deformation. However, when pressure exceeds 45 GPa, the phenomenon of phase stability sharply breaks down. Furthermore, dynamic dielectric functions are often used to measure the impact of band gap reduction on optical properties and illustrate that the pressure increases lead to a rise in the behavior of static refractive index. The optical absorption peak of CsPbI₃ exhibits a redshift with growing pressure, attributed bandgap reduction, and demonstrates enhanced light absorption and conductivity. The thermodynamic analysis examines phonon dispersion, lattice vibrations, and thermal conductivity. The results show structural stability under pressures from 0 to 45 Pa, highlighting CsPbI₃’s suitability for heat-dissipating applications. These findings suggest that CsPbI₃ has significant potential for advanced optoelectronic applications, particularly in the development of efficient photovoltaic materials that leverage its unique properties under pressure.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21042,"journal":{"name":"Results in Physics","volume":"70 ","pages":"Article 108150"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143395191","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Simulation research of thermionic emission process and impact of voltage parameters in the three-pole electron gun","authors":"Haoyang Hu ,&nbsp;Yue Zhao ,&nbsp;Pengcheng Shang ,&nbsp;Feibin Zhang ,&nbsp;Aiping Wu ,&nbsp;Haiyan Zhao ,&nbsp;Lihang Li","doi":"10.1016/j.rinp.2025.108142","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rinp.2025.108142","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The three-pole electron gun is composed of cathode, anode and grid electrode, which can effectively control the emission beam current and is widely used in welding and additive manufacturing equipment. However, the characteristics of the emission beam and the process of beam control have yet to be fully and accurately elucidated. Considering that the characteristics of the electron beam at the emission stage have a significant effect on the beam quality, the electric field distribution and electron beam trajectory at the emission stage are studied based on the simulation method of bidirectionally coupled particle tracing. The results show that a spatial potential barrier several tens of microns high is formed on the cathode surface. The different relative potential across the barrier at different positions leads to the non-uniform effective emission beam density of the cathode. With the increase of bias voltage, the effective emission area and emission beam density decrease simultaneously. The average emission beam density varies with the accelerating voltage, which does not follow the Child-Langmuir law, but exhibits a more significant trend of variation. The present work proposes a modified formula suitable for the three-pole electron gun for calculating the average emission beam density, obtaining good fitting results.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21042,"journal":{"name":"Results in Physics","volume":"70 ","pages":"Article 108142"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143437361","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}