Bulletin de Méthodologie Sociologique最新文献

{"title":"How digital are ‘digital natives’ actually? Developing an instrument to measure the degree of digitalisation of university students – the DDS-Index","authors":"Gerlinde Janschitz, Matthias Penker","doi":"10.1177/07591063211061760","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/07591063211061760","url":null,"abstract":"Young People are still referred to as digital natives, although numerous studies have shown differences in their access to digital devices, Internet usage and attitude towards digitalisation. Such differences can lead to digital inequalities. In higher education digital inequalities among students are scarcely researched as it is assumed that university students possess crucial digital competencies which they have acquired at school and in everyday life through the use of digital devices and applications. However, research findings suggest that students cannot directly transfer their digital skills to their study situation. The presented study aims to measure the degree of digitalisation by means of an index, the DDS-Index, which was developed in the context of a large-scale survey among first-semester students in Austria (n=4,822). The DDS-Index maps the degree of digitalisation of students on a range of 0 to 100 points. This paper outlines the development and assessment of the DDS-Index and uses it to analyse differences in the degree of digitalisation of students in order to draw conclusions about a digital divide at universities.","PeriodicalId":210053,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin de Méthodologie Sociologique","volume":"72 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114249666","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Inclusive writing, a history in the making","authors":"","doi":"10.1177/07591063211061758a","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/07591063211061758a","url":null,"abstract":"We seize the opportunity of this special issue of the BMS: ‘Investigating gender today’, to detail our position, as editors, on inclusive writing. Whether and how to feminise some of the writing is the subject of sometimes radical positions, for the French language in particular, but not only. Inclusive writing is thus one of many issues at stake in the denunciation of systems of domination – patriarchal, but also postcolonial and capitalist. The human and social sciences, whether history, psychology, linguistics or sociology, provide a number of arguments to support the demand for a greater visibility of the feminine in the French language (in particular): from the demonstration of the historical nature of affirming the masculine as the neutral gender, to the effects of the masculinization of job names on the professional aspirations of young women. But these arguments are, like all scientific arguments, themselves debatable. For people like us, who are committed to the most basic feminist positions, i.e. the conviction that the relationship between the sexes in contemporary societies remains very unequal, the main problem is practical: how can we feminize the language in such a way that it does not make it (too) difficult to read texts? Since inclusive writing breaks with the usual practices of academic language, it requires readers accustomed to these practices to try to adapt. It seems that this effort is short-lived and that this type of habit is in fact quite easy to change. However, the fact remains that making the feminine visible – or more precisely, to use the words of the journal Sociologie du travail, ‘making visible the situations of gender diversity and gender segregation in the social world’ – requires the use of signs, the addition of words, and the clarification of things that, in short, add to what the text is trying to demonstrate. Here, the BMS editorial team is at ease, because we have always adopted a flexible policy regarding the length of texts: we do not count words or signs, leaving authors to occupy the space they need to make their point. Should we then influence the way things are done, suggest or even impose forms and usages – feminization, neutralization, doubling of nouns, choice of signs (midpoint, parenthesis, capital E, etc.), proximity grammatical agreements, alternating genders, new pronouns, etc. – and try to contribute to standardizing a new way of writing? This seems premature to us. We prefer to indicate here to our authors that we are in favour of inclusive writing and let them choose the forms they prefer. Conversion to inclusive writing is a matter of trial and error. Different practices and conventions exist, thus contributing to the difficult acculturation of this new form. Whether it is a question of inclusive writing or, more broadly, of social sciences’ ambition towards explanation, complexity is not the problem, it is part of the solution.","PeriodicalId":210053,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin de Méthodologie Sociologique","volume":"153 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129849282","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A database about the Members of European Parliament: Contributions and limitations of automated data collection in the study of European political elites","authors":"Sébastien Michon, Eric Wiest","doi":"10.1177/07591063211040235","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/07591063211040235","url":null,"abstract":"Over the past 25 years, a field of research concerning the careers of Members of the European Parliament (MEPs) has developed. Drawing on a massive amount of accessible open data, we have assembled an updated database including all MEPs from 1979 to September 2019. In this note, we describe the data collection processes and the construction of the database. Then, we propose an application concerning the turnover at the EP following the 2019 European elections. The longitudinal perspective provided by the database allows us to describe this turnover, which is important, but varies greatly according to nationality and political group, and does not fundamentally alter the division of parliamentary power. Finally, we identify some limitations: the lack of data in MEP profiles and difficulties both in the comparison between people from 27 countries and the comparison over a long period (1979–2019). As a result, the article shows that automated data collection can be very useful. However, in the case of individuals, as MEPs, it should be seen as a complementary source to other sources.","PeriodicalId":210053,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin de Méthodologie Sociologique","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114646468","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"When marginalized subjects map their city: Counter-mapping experiments with drug users in some German and French neighborhoods","authors":"M. Germes, Luise Klaus","doi":"10.1177/07591063211040234","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/07591063211040234","url":null,"abstract":"This article aims to contribute to the social science discussion on urban policies and the integration (or exclusion) of the perspectives of marginalized groups by asking the question: If there were to be exhaustive urban planning relating to drug issues, what role should drug users play in the planning process? Our answer involves the use of a set of two complementary qualitative cartographic methods which allow us to focus on the inclusion of the voices of marginalized groups. This article is based on methodological experimentation in different French and German cities without aiming at a comparison. The article exposes and discusses firstly an individual interview method called ‘Emotional Mapping’, and secondly a participatory mapping workshop called ‘Ideal City Mapping’. The output of this project has been a web of visual and textual documents, in the form of reports, papers, articles and events such as a travelling exhibition, with the aim of engaging in public discussions with various key players.","PeriodicalId":210053,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin de Méthodologie Sociologique","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125206905","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"FALL 2021 RC33 NEWSLETTER","authors":"Karl M. van Meter","doi":"10.1177/07591063211040236","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/07591063211040236","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":210053,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin de Méthodologie Sociologique","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133338753","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quelle(s) stratégie(s) adopter pour sélectionner des cas dans une recherche qualitative ? Illustration à partir d’une recherche comparative sur les changements dans la structure du pouvoir exécutif en Equateur","authors":"María-Imelda Robalino, Christian de Visscher","doi":"10.1177/07591063211040230","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/07591063211040230","url":null,"abstract":"What strategies should be adopted to select cases in a qualitative research ? Illustration from a comparative study on the changes in the structure of the executive branch in Ecuador. In a qualitative research design – particularly a comparative one - case selection is undoubtedly one of the most critical issues. The literature proposes a series of individual selection strategies, but in practice, researchers use them in combination. This discrepancy between theory and practice motivated us to propose a sequential combination of qualitative techniques for case selection that meet four objectives: to achieve variation in outcome, to respect the diversity of the set, to highlight the different degrees of a continuum, and to highlight the substantial importance of each case. The process was carried out in two stages: first, a pre-selection made directly by the researcher, and second the selection itself, carried out with the participation of experts by means of the Delphi method. The empirical basis of the proposal is the design of a comparative research on changes in the structure of executive power in Ecuador during the three presidential terms of Rafael Correa Delgado (2007–2009, 2009–2013, 2013–2017).","PeriodicalId":210053,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin de Méthodologie Sociologique","volume":"61 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124749778","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"À Guy Michelat, chercheur émérite","authors":"S. Duchesne, Viviane Le Hay","doi":"10.1177/07591063211040227","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/07591063211040227","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":210053,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin de Méthodologie Sociologique","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116969098","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Shall WeChat? Switching between online and offline ethnography","authors":"Beatrice Zani","doi":"10.1177/07591063211040229","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/07591063211040229","url":null,"abstract":"Drawing on the ethnographic work conducted inside the digital platform WeChat, this article contributes to the ongoing discussion about the multi-sited ethnographic tools and the digital methods available for investigating virtual worlds and online practices. It analyses the communications, interactions, sociality, and economic activities produced on the application WeChat by Chinese migrant women, together with the same practices constructed offline in Taiwan. Taking a close look at the offline context from which these digital practices are generated, the article shows that when studying online practices, it is essential to understand what corresponds to them in the offline worlds. By updating the four Goffmanian interactionist fieldwork sequences, this research provides some reflections on the necessity to mix and merge online and offline ethnographic techniques in order to apprehend the new practices and scales of interaction at the crossroads where online and offline social spaces intersect. Virtual ethnography cannot be exclusive. Rather, it needs to be designed and performed in dialogue with ‘physical’ observations.","PeriodicalId":210053,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin de Méthodologie Sociologique","volume":"124 2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129583558","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sources et données pour l’analyse des réseaux sociaux","authors":"M. Bès, G. Favre, C. Lemercier","doi":"10.1177/07591063211040228","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/07591063211040228","url":null,"abstract":"Sources and data for social network analysis. Social network analysis (SNA) is becoming more and more widespread in several scientific disciplines as a method for processing social, economic, geographic, historical, digital, etc. data. Visualizations of graphs, communities and other ties are multiplying. However, there is a risk that SNA users may lose sight of the conditions under which their data are produced and thereby over-interpret or under-interpret the results. This article provides a guide to the different types of sources of network data, and the pitfalls and choices encountered in the process of producing network data. The first part provides an overview of these pitfalls and choices, and the second part focuses on the specifics of each source of data. Based on the authors’ experience in training network researchers, the article proposes a review of controlled ways of producing network data from this array of sources.","PeriodicalId":210053,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin de Méthodologie Sociologique","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129954103","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"To Guy Michelat, Emeritus Researcher","authors":"S. Duchesne, Viviane Le Hay","doi":"10.1177/07591063211040227a","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/07591063211040227a","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":210053,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin de Méthodologie Sociologique","volume":"45 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114893277","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}