Radiation and Environmental Biophysics最新文献

{"title":"NORM dust intake: comparison of personal air sampling and bioassays.","authors":"Gregory S Hewson, Martin I Ralph, Marcus Cattani","doi":"10.1007/s00411-026-01233-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00411-026-01233-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Intake of naturally occurring radioactive materials (NORM), particularly the inhalation of thorium-bearing dust in mineral sand operations, has traditionally been assessed via personal air sampling (PAS). However, data from bioassay studies suggest that the actual intake determined via PAS may be underestimated. This review integrates thorium intake estimates derived from historical bioassay datasets, such as urine, faeces, lung counting, and thoron-in-breath tests, with historical PAS data. The findings indicated that bioassay-based predictions of intake were consistently greater, with mean bioassay-to-PAS intake ratios ranging from 2.6 to 4.2. The contributing factors to this discrepancy include biokinetic model uncertainties, potential dust sampler bias, the PAS strategy, high variability of exposure within similar exposure groups (SEGs), self-absorption of alpha particles during the radiometric analysis of filtered dust samples, and nonaccounting for respiratory protection. This review suggests improvements to current PAS-based dose assessments, including sampling and analysis protocols. We recommend that PAS be supplemented by targeted bioassay monitoring, where feasible, to improve dose estimation and worker protection in NORM industries.</p>","PeriodicalId":21002,"journal":{"name":"Radiation and Environmental Biophysics","volume":" ","pages":"929-942"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13486051/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148199588","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"K-edge optimization of PMMA-based metal oxide shields for dental X-ray protection using Geant4 Monte Carlo simulations.","authors":"Mahmoud T Alabsy, Mai I El-Kaliuoby, Ahmed M El-Khatib, Alaa M Khalil","doi":"10.1007/s00411-026-01226-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00411-026-01226-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study investigates PMMA-based composites enhanced with high-Z metal oxides (SnO₂, La₂O₃, Sm₂O₃, Er₂O₃, WO₃, and PbO) for dental diagnostic X-ray shielding. The oxides were selected for their K-edge energies lying within the 20-90 keV range relevant to dental radiology. PbO was included only as a benchmark material, while the other oxides were evaluated as safer, eco-friendly alternatives. Geant4 Monte Carlo simulations, validated against NIST XCOM with < 1% deviation, were employed to calculate key shielding parameters including linear attenuation coefficient (LAC), mean free path (MFP), half-value layer (HVL), tenth-value layer (TVL), effective atomic number (Z_ₑff), and effective electron density (N_ₑff). The results demonstrate that each oxide significantly improves PMMA's attenuation capability, particularly at photon energies just above its K-edge. In the investigated energy range, sharp enhancements in LAC, Z_eff, and N_eff, along with reductions in MFP, HVL, and TVL, were observed. Specifically, the maximum LAC values reached 15.309 cm⁻¹ for PMMA-Sn at 30 keV, 10.356 cm⁻¹ for PMMA-La at 40 keV, 7.353 cm⁻¹ for PMMA-Sm at 50 keV, 5.761 cm⁻¹ for PMMA-Er at 60 keV, 4.204 cm⁻¹ for PMMA-W at 70 keV, and 3.300 cm⁻¹ for PMMA-Pb at 90 keV, corresponding closely to the K-edge energies of the respective elements. Notably, all composites outperformed PbO in attenuation efficiency within their respective K-edge regions. These findings highlight the potential of strategically exploiting K-edge absorption to design lightweight, non-toxic PMMA-based shielding materials optimized for specific dental imaging modalities.</p>","PeriodicalId":21002,"journal":{"name":"Radiation and Environmental Biophysics","volume":" ","pages":"831-845"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148259287","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development, fabrication, and validation of anthropomorphic orbital bone phantoms based on epoxy-CaCO₃ composites: a combined Monte Carlo, theoretical, and experimental approach.","authors":"Walid Allioui, Abdellah Khallouqi, Hamza Sekkat, A Slimani, Abdellah Halimi, Omar El Rhazouani","doi":"10.1007/s00411-026-01238-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00411-026-01238-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The development of tissue-equivalent materials is useful for dosimetry and the optimization of computed tomography (CT) protocols, for example in the orbital region. In this work, five epoxy resin-CaCO₃ composites (S1-S5), containing 30% to 50% CaCO₃, were developed to reproduce the radiological properties of adult orbital bone. The materials were fabricated by controlled mixing of epoxy resin and CaCO₃, followed by mechanical homogenization, and mold casting, with subsequent curing at room temperature to obtain homogeneous solid samples. The materials were characterized in terms of mass attenuation coefficient, effective atomic number, electron density, and CT number. Monte Carlo simulations showed good agreement with XCOM data, with deviations ranging from 0.0% to 4.8%. The electron density of the developed composites ranged from 4.54 × 10²³ to 5.18 × 10²³ e⁻/cm³. The 55% epoxy resin-45% CaCO₃ composite demonstrated the closest match to the reference skull bone, whose radiological properties were calculated from the International Commission on Radiation Units and Measurements elemental composition, with an electron density deviation of only 1.18% relative to the reference value (5.07 × 10²³ e⁻/cm³). Likewise, the 50% epoxy resin-50% CaCO₃ composite achieved a Z_eff of 12.89, corresponding to a deviation of only 0.39% from the Z_eff of the ICRU-based reference skull bone (12.94). At low energies (30-60 keV), the 50% epoxy resin-50% CaCO₃ composite exhibited the lowest deviations relative to the mass attenuation coefficients of the ICRU skull bone, with a maximum of 1.81%. In contrast, within the CT energy range (70-150 keV), the 55% epoxy resin-45% CaCO₃ composite showed the best agreement with the same reference, with a deviation of only 1.18%. CT measurements further demonstrated excellent reproducibility, with a coefficient of variation below 2%. This suggests that both formulations possess promising tissue-equivalent properties, although their suitability depends on the intended application. It is concluded that the 50% CaCO₃ composite appears more appropriate for low-energy radiographic applications, whereas the 45% CaCO₃ composite represents the most suitable candidate for CT imaging and dosimetric studies within the diagnostic scanner energy range.</p>","PeriodicalId":21002,"journal":{"name":"Radiation and Environmental Biophysics","volume":" ","pages":"873-886"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148431178","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Towards a phantom-based quantitative assessment of dose reduction and image-quality trade-offs in half- and full-rotation dental CBCT protocols: a thermoluminescent dosimetry approach with clinical insight.","authors":"Hakan Amasya, Osman Günay, Fahrettin Fatih Kesmezacar, Emine Tuna Akdoğan, Duygu Tunçman Kayaokay, Songül Çavdar Karaçam, Nami Yeyin, Mustafa Demir, Kaan Orhan, Ghada ALMisned, H O Tekin","doi":"10.1007/s00411-026-01228-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00411-026-01228-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study aimed to compare full- (360°) and half-rotation (180°) dental cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) protocols in terms of effective dose (ED) and quantitative image quality for the maxilla and mandible regions. An Alderson Radiation Therapy phantom was imaged using a Hyperion X9 Pro (Cefla, Imola) CBCT device with a 10 × 6 cm field of view. Both anatomical regions were acquired using full- and half-rotation protocols. A total of 67 thermoluminescence dosimeters were positioned in the phantom for ED calculations. Quantitative image-quality assessment was performed using axial slices extracted from each volume, and signal-to-noise ratio (SNRs) and contrast-to-noise ratio (CNRs) were calculated. The EDs were 406.33 µSv (full-rotation) and 208.29 µSv (half-rotation) for the maxilla, and 248.94 µSv (full-rotation) and 73.63 µSv (half-rotation) for the mandible. These doses corresponded to dose reductions of 48.74% in the maxilla and 70.42% in the mandible. SNRs and CNRs decreased by 36.69% and 34.74% in the maxilla, and by 49.95% and 50.28% in the mandible, respectively. Dose reduction was more pronounced in the mandible than in the maxilla, and this was accompanied by a greater loss in SNR and CNR. It is concluded that protocol selection should be guided by diagnostic requirements and adherence to the \"As Low as Diagnostically Acceptable being Indication-oriented and Patient-specific (ALADAIP) principle.</p>","PeriodicalId":21002,"journal":{"name":"Radiation and Environmental Biophysics","volume":" ","pages":"863-871"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148199643","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Protective and remineralizing capacity of biosilicate, chitosan-based material, and fluoride on demineralized and irradiated enamel.","authors":"Kelly Fernanda Molena, Vicente Silva Mattos, Jarbas Caiado de Castro Neto, Francisco Wanderley Garcia de Paula-Silva, Harley Francisco de Oliveira, Regina Guenka Palma-Dibb, Fernanda de Carvalho Panzeri, Alexandra Mussolino de Queiroz","doi":"10.1007/s00411-026-01234-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00411-026-01234-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study aimed to investigate the protective and remineralizing capabilities of biosilicate, chitosan, and fluoride on demineralized enamel, pre- and post-radiotherapy (RT). Enamel samples (n = 180) underwent artificial caries process (ACP) and 70 Gy irradiation. They were divided into ten groups (n = 18): Biosilicate Suspension Pre-RT (G1), Post-RT (G2); Biosilicate Gel Pre-RT (G3), Post-RT (G4); Chitosan Gel Pre-RT (G5), Post-RT (G6); Fluoridated Gel Pre-RT (G7), Post-RT (G8); Caries Control + RT (G9); No Caries Control + RT (G10). Knoop microhardness and surface roughness were measured pre- and post-ACP and post-treatment. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) evaluated topography. Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDS) and Raman Spectroscopy assessed chemical composition. ACP caused enamel prism disruption. G10 had the highest microhardness and lowest roughness (p < 0.05). G3 and G5 performed better pre-RT; G4 and G8 performed better post-RT. SEM and AFM showed surface protection and particle deposition in the treated groups. No significant chemical differences were found in EDS and Raman analyses. Biosilicate and partially preserved enamel microhardness and offered protective effects, alongside fluoride. These materials may benefit head and neck cancer patients by forming a protective layer and preventing radiation-related enamel demineralization.</p>","PeriodicalId":21002,"journal":{"name":"Radiation and Environmental Biophysics","volume":" ","pages":"967-981"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13486059/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148302619","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Stereolithography-printed Bi₂O₃-reinforced photopolymer nanocomposite samples with antibacterial and radiation shielding properties.","authors":"İlkan Özkan, Nadiye Merve Aydın, Ferdi Akman","doi":"10.1007/s00411-026-01235-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00411-026-01235-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Stereolithography (SLA) is an additive manufacturing technique that allows the production of polymer composite samples with high accuracy and smooth surface quality. This makes SLA suitable for functional surface applications. In this study, photopolymer nanocomposite surfaces reinforced with bismuth oxide (Bi₂O₃) nanoparticles were produced by SLA and evaluated in terms of surface structure, antibacterial activity, electrical properties, electromagnetic shielding, and ionizing radiation shielding performance. Bi₂O₃ nanoparticles were added to a commercial UV-curable photopolymer resin at contents of 1, 3, and 5 wt% and printed layer by layer with a layer thickness of 50 μm. Surface structure and particle distribution were examined by SEM-EDS. The results showed good particle distribution at low Bi₂O₃ contents, while particle accumulation occurred at higher contents due to settling during printing. Antibacterial activity was tested according to ISO 22,196, and all Bi₂O₃-reinforced surfaces showed more than 99% reduction against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus after 24 h. Surface resistivity measurements performed according to TS EN 1149-1 showed values higher than 10¹² Ω, indicating strong electrical insulation. Electromagnetic shielding effectiveness values remained below 5 dB in the 8-12 GHz frequency range. In addition, ionizing radiation shielding parameters, including mass attenuation coefficient, linear attenuation coefficient, half-value layer, and radiation protection efficiency, were theoretically calculated using WinXCOM and EpiXS. The results showed that increasing Bi₂O₃ content improved photon attenuation, especially at low energies. Overall, Bi2O₃-reinforced SLA nanocomposites provide strong antibacterial performance, electrical insulation, and improved ionizing radiation shielding, making them suitable for multifunctional surface applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":21002,"journal":{"name":"Radiation and Environmental Biophysics","volume":" ","pages":"847-862"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13486094/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148309347","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cross-modality validation of quantitative ⁹⁰Y imaging using a custom hepatopulmonary shunt phantom and patient data.","authors":"Nami Yeyin, Mohammad Abuqbeitah, Mustafa Demir, Sinem Akyol, Duygu Tunçman Kayaokay, F Fatih Kesmezacar, Osman Günay, Ghada ALMisned, Bashar Issa, H O Tekin","doi":"10.1007/s00411-026-01236-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00411-026-01236-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In this study the discrepancies in dose estimations from a ⁹⁰Y-filled hepatopulmonary shunt phantom (HPSP) were analyzed using SPECT/CT, PET/CT, and PET/MR modalities. The dose variability was also evaluated among randomly selected individuals undergoing ⁹⁰Y-microsphere therapy. The HPSP comprised a right lung of 1,101 cm³, a left lung of 863 cm³, a healthy liver parenchyma of 690 cm³, and two intrahepatic tumours of 202 cm³ and 9.5 cm³. ⁹⁰Y-chloride activity was diluted in water and injected into the phantom. SPECT/CT, PET/CT, and PET/MR were acquired with the phantom immersed in water. Absorbed dose was calculated for phantom compartments and for patients with liver tumours who were treated with ⁹⁰Y-glass microspheres. The calculated lung shunt fraction (LSF) (12.0%) from the PET/MR images was closest to the actual LSF (11.03%), followed by PET/CT with 12.2% and SPECT/CT with 13.4% LSF. The deviation between the actual dose estimates and ⁹⁰Y-PET/MR was - 0.1% for the large tumour (202 cm³), -10.5% for the small tumour (9.5 cm³), -7.5% for the healthy liver parenchyma, and 6.1% for the lung. For ⁹⁰Y-PET/CT, the deviation was 4.8% for the large tumour, -7.5% for the small tumour, -15.5% for the healthy liver parenchyma, and 7.6% for the lung. In contrast, a significant disparity was observed in the ⁹⁰Y-SPECT/CT modality, with deviations of -6.3% for the large tumour, -65.3% for the small tumour, -10.7% for the healthy liver parenchyma, and 18.2% for the lung. In the patient study, the doses from ^99mTc-MAA SPECT/CT and ⁹⁰Y-PET/MR images were comparable, whereas ⁹⁰Y-SPECT/CT yielded significantly lower dose estimates. The findings obtained demonstrate that ⁹⁰Y-SPECT/CT generates significant inaccuracies in absorbed dose estimates mainly for small tumours. All modalities overestimated LSF and lung dose by less than 10% except SPECT/CT (18%). It is concluded that implementing an optimal imaging technique with robust scatter correction would mitigate the dose underestimate. ⁹⁰Y-PET/CT and ⁹⁰Y-PET/MR are the preferred methods for reliable dosimetry and precise dose-response assessment, especially owing to their robust correlation with ^99mTc-MAA SPECT/CT simulation.</p>","PeriodicalId":21002,"journal":{"name":"Radiation and Environmental Biophysics","volume":" ","pages":"887-895"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148369783","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Validation of dosimetric characteristics of the GammaMed Plus ¹⁹²Ir HDR brachytherapy source using the GATE Monte Carlo code.","authors":"A Slimani, A Khallouqi, L Ait Mlouk, H Ait Elaouam, H Nassar, H Sekkat, A Halimi, O El Rhazouani","doi":"10.1007/s00411-026-01225-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00411-026-01225-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study aimed to validate the dosimetric parameters of the ¹⁹²Ir GammaMed Plus source used in high-dose-rate (HDR) brachytherapy, using the Monte Carlo simulation code GATE (version 9.3), in accordance with the American Association of Physics in Medicine (AAPM) TG-43 protocol recommendations. The source was modelled inside a 40 cm diameter water-filled spherical phantom to accurately replicate clinical conditions. The dose rate constant, radial dose function g(r), anisotropy function [Formula: see text], and the two-dimensional dose rate distribution matrix were calculated using the DoseActors modules. The results showed excellent agreement with reference data: the dose rate constant was [Formula: see text], with a maximum difference from values reported in the literature of 0.76%, and average deviations of 1.2% and 1.4% for g(r) and [Formula: see text], respectively. These findings suggest that GATE provides reliable and accurate dosimetric estimations and may be a useful tool for dosimetric validation in research settings, particularly in heterogeneous media.</p>","PeriodicalId":21002,"journal":{"name":"Radiation and Environmental Biophysics","volume":" ","pages":"907-918"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148199838","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quantifying measurement uncertainties in diode-based in-vivo dosimetry for Cobalt-60 high dose rate brachytherapy.","authors":"Dilson Lobo, Johan Sunny, M S Pooja, Challapalli Srinivas, M S Athiyamaan, Sourjya Banerjee, Abhishek Krishna, Paul Simon","doi":"10.1007/s00411-026-01229-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00411-026-01229-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>High-dose-rate (HDR) brachytherapy provides a highly conformal cancer treatment modality by exploiting steep dose gradients, and achieving excellent tumour control while minimising radiation exposure to healthy tissues. In-vivo dosimetry (IVD) serves as an essential quality assurance tool, offering independent verification of delivered dose. However, its accuracy can be affected by several measurement-related uncertainties. This study aimed to characterise diode-based IVD for Co-60 HDR brachytherapy and quantify the uncertainties influencing detector performance. A Co-60 HDR afterloading system (SagiNova^®) was used along with a diode-based in-vivo detector. Calibration was performed using a Polymethyl Methacrylate PMMA phantom. A custom-designed acrylic phantom was fabricated to ensure reproducible detector positioning and fixed geometry during irradiation. Detector linearity and uniformity were assessed by delivering known doses from 1 to 8 Gy in 1 Gy increments. Since conventional brachytherapy treatment planning systems do not account for tissue heterogeneity, additional measurements were performed by placing materials simulating bone (Teflon), lung (cork), and soft tissue (acrylic) of 1-3 cm thickness between the source and detector. The diode exhibited excellent stability, with repeatability showing < 2% relative standard deviation. Sensitivity across cumulative absorbed doses demonstrated < 2.5% variation, confirming strong consistency. A linear response was observed throughout the tested dose range. Heterogeneity analysis revealed notable dose perturbations: as expected, bone-equivalent material produced the highest attenuation, while lung-equivalent material resulted in the least, underscoring the importance of accounting for tissue density variations in IVD measurements. Although IVD offers valuable real-time dose verification in HDR brachytherapy, its widespread clinical adoption remains limited by challenges such as detector size and the steep dose gradients surrounding the source. Comprehensive commissioning-including evaluation of linearity, reproducibility, geometric dependence, and heterogeneity effects-is critical for understanding detector behaviour under clinical conditions. It is concluded that accurate characterisation of these uncertainties enhances the reliability of diode-based IVD systems and supports their integration into routine brachytherapy practice for improved patient safety and treatment precision.</p>","PeriodicalId":21002,"journal":{"name":"Radiation and Environmental Biophysics","volume":" ","pages":"897-906"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13486103/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148259316","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Methodology for estimating intake from an unknown mixture of radioactive compounds.","authors":"Sushanta Halder, Minal Y Nadar, Jogendra Yadav, Pramilla Sawant, Probal Chaudhury","doi":"10.1007/s00411-026-01231-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00411-026-01231-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In this study, a methodology is provided for estimation of intake due to inhalation of mixture of radioactive compounds of different solubility types. A systemic approach is presented for evaluating intake with help of statistical techniques using different measurement datasets, modified retention and daily urinary excretion fractions. For a single or multiple types of monitoring datasets, intake estimation is performed, considering the varying fractions of compounds. For this purpose, chi square and autocorrelation analysis has been used. A Python program has been written for computation of intake. A case has been taken from the IAEA/IDEAS Intercomparison Exercise on Internal Dose Assessment for validation of the methodology for the estimation of the unknown fractions of compounds as well as of the intake.</p>","PeriodicalId":21002,"journal":{"name":"Radiation and Environmental Biophysics","volume":" ","pages":"919-928"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148302240","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}