RespuestasPub Date : 2020-05-01DOI: 10.22463/0122820X.2818
J. Duarte-Forero, Sergio Andrés Ramón-Ramón, G. Valencia-Ochoa
{"title":"Failure analysis in single-cylinder diesel engine SK-MDF300 through acoustic emissions","authors":"J. Duarte-Forero, Sergio Andrés Ramón-Ramón, G. Valencia-Ochoa","doi":"10.22463/0122820X.2818","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22463/0122820X.2818","url":null,"abstract":"In the present study, the diagnosis of a single-cylinder diesel engine is evaluated through acoustic emissions. The acoustic signal from four engine locations, which include the engine block, the injection system, the fuel tank, and the fuel pump, is analyzed using the medium quadratic root technique. The analysis is carried out at a fixed speed of 3200 rpm and a load percentage of 20%, 40%, and 80%. The results obtained show that the comparison of the acoustic signals of two different time periods allows to quickly and easily evaluate changes in the engine conditions. The sensitivity of acoustic emissions makes it possible to identify different engine load conditions. The study of the acoustic signal in different engine locations allowed to identify the injection system as one of the main areas prone to fail or changes in its operating condition. Additionally, the analysis method based on the acoustic signal RMS allowed to clearly identify faults in the injection system. The above could be done by comparing signals and analyzing the variability of the signal. Therefore, the ability of acoustic emissions to perform a rapid and low-cost diagnosis is demonstrated, without requiring relevant physical modifications to the engine.","PeriodicalId":20991,"journal":{"name":"Respuestas","volume":"229 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77579812","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
RespuestasPub Date : 2020-05-01DOI: 10.22463/0122820X.2954
Pedro Garzón-Agudelo, Yoneidy Benítez-García, Wlamyr Palacios-Alvarado
{"title":"Impacto laboral del graduado del programa de tecnología en procesos industriales de la Universidad Francisco de Paula Santander","authors":"Pedro Garzón-Agudelo, Yoneidy Benítez-García, Wlamyr Palacios-Alvarado","doi":"10.22463/0122820X.2954","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22463/0122820X.2954","url":null,"abstract":"El presente proyecto se desarrolló con el propósito evaluar el impacto laboral del programa académico tecnología en procesos industriales de la Universidad Francisco de Paula Santander, tomando como base el análisis de la percepción académica impartida en la formación profesional. Se aplicaron instrumentos de recolección de información hacia las empresas del sector productivo de la región que mantienen vínculo con el programa académico a través de diversas modalidades de extensión, permitiendo contrastar las necesidades y expectativas demandadas por las organizaciones a nivel de competencias técnicas e integrales en su recurso humano con las habilidades demostradas por los graduados del programa académico. Se determinó que la inserción laboral en los graduados de programa se ve afectada por la preferencia que tienen éstos de continuar su formación en el ciclo profesional de Ingeniería. Así mismo se pudo establecer que gran parte de las Organizaciones del sector productivo de la región identifican a los graduados del programa de Tecnología en Procesos Industriales por su buen desempeño laboral medido desde la existencia de habilidades transversales. Finalmente se estableció un plan de acción que describe oportunidades de mejora en los procesos de docencia, a fin de mejorar continuamente la armonía entre las competencias de los nuevos graduados y las necesidades de la sociedad en el ámbito regional","PeriodicalId":20991,"journal":{"name":"Respuestas","volume":"73 1","pages":"125-132"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81764885","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
RespuestasPub Date : 2020-05-01DOI: 10.22463/0122820X.2347
F. Machuca‐Martínez, Mónica Almansa-Ortegón, Pablo César Manyoma-Velázquez
{"title":"Multi-criteria analysis for the selection of advanced oxidation technologies in the treatment of emerging pollutants","authors":"F. Machuca‐Martínez, Mónica Almansa-Ortegón, Pablo César Manyoma-Velázquez","doi":"10.22463/0122820X.2347","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22463/0122820X.2347","url":null,"abstract":"Although there is technical information on the efficiency of advanced oxidation technologies (TAOs) at the laboratory level, in some cases at the pilot level and few on a large scale, it is not easy to select the most appropriate technology for an effluent, since the selection of technology depends on the characteristics of the contaminated water. Through the application of the multicriteria analysis technique, this article proposes a scale of TAOs for the complementary treatment of water contaminated with contaminants emergent (CE). The chosen alternatives were the technologies with peroxide (H2O2), Ozone (O3) and Fenton (Fe/H2O2) processes, the evaluation criteria were electric energy consumption (EEO), technological maturity level, complexity of design / operation and cost of operation. The technology most recommended by AHP is ozone and peroxide / UV with a difference of 8.6% in the frequency in the evaluation of the criteria. For the AHP-TOPSIS methodology, peroxide / UV is the key technology over ozone with a difference of 31.4% in the frequency of selection.","PeriodicalId":20991,"journal":{"name":"Respuestas","volume":"73 1","pages":"16-25"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88143457","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
RespuestasPub Date : 2020-05-01DOI: 10.22463/0122820X.2956
María Alejandra Llano, Álvaro Guzmán-Aponte, Yuliana Cadavid-Mora, Robinson Buitrago-Sierra, E. Cadena-Chamorro, J. F. Santa
{"title":"Eliminación del color de las soluciones de tinte índigo carmín utilizando fibras fique modificadas con nanopartículas de ZnO","authors":"María Alejandra Llano, Álvaro Guzmán-Aponte, Yuliana Cadavid-Mora, Robinson Buitrago-Sierra, E. Cadena-Chamorro, J. F. Santa","doi":"10.22463/0122820X.2956","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22463/0122820X.2956","url":null,"abstract":"El óxido de zinc es un catalizador útil y reciclable. En este estudio, las fibras de fique se modificaron con nanopartículas de óxido de zinc (ZnO) para eliminar el color de las soluciones de índigo carmín (IC). Las nanopartículas de ZnO se sintetizaron por método de precipitación y las fibras se modificaron ex situ e in situ. Las fibras y las nanopartículas se caracterizaron utilizando diferentes técnicas como difracción de rayos X (DRX), espectroscopia infrarroja por transformada de Fourier (FTIR), espectroscopía de luz visible (UVvis) y microscopía electrónica de barrido (MEB). La velocidad de eliminación del color se controló usando un espectrofotómetro UV/Vis. Se obtuvieron nanopartículas con un diámetro medio en la nanoescala y una estructura hexagonal típica, y se depositaron efectivamente en las fibras. La mayor eliminación de color se obtuvo con las fibras ex situ (ZnO-Ex / fique) fue de 90% en 180 minutos. La eliminación del color por fibras in situ (ZnO-In / fique) fue del 70% después de 180 min. A partir de los resultados, las nanopartículas de ZnO pueden ser un excelente catalizador para la eliminación de soluciones acuosas de colorante IC bajo luz UV-C. Palabras clave:","PeriodicalId":20991,"journal":{"name":"Respuestas","volume":"73 1","pages":"147-158"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78265523","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
RespuestasPub Date : 2020-05-01DOI: 10.22463/0122820X.2435
Y. Beltrán-Gómez, J. Gómez-Rojas, R. Linero-Ramos
{"title":"Adaptive Noise Cancellation System Using a Recursive Least Squares Filter","authors":"Y. Beltrán-Gómez, J. Gómez-Rojas, R. Linero-Ramos","doi":"10.22463/0122820X.2435","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22463/0122820X.2435","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we show an Adaptive Noise Canceller (ANC) that estimate an original audio a signal measured with noise. Adaptive system is implemented using a Recursive Least Squares filter (RLS). Its design parameters consider the filter order, forgetting factor and initial conditions to obtain optimal coefficients through iterations. A medium square error (MSE) around to 10-6 is reached, and with this it makes possible a low-cost implementation.","PeriodicalId":20991,"journal":{"name":"Respuestas","volume":"13 1","pages":"7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87771538","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
RespuestasPub Date : 2020-05-01DOI: 10.22463/0122820X.2188
Fabian Nova-Agudelo, H. Sánchez-Acevedo, D. Villegas-Bermúdez
{"title":"Evaluation of the modal parameters of two shafts, one manufactured with a composite materials and the other manufactured with structural Steel, through the implementation of a technique of Operational Modal Analysis (OMA)","authors":"Fabian Nova-Agudelo, H. Sánchez-Acevedo, D. Villegas-Bermúdez","doi":"10.22463/0122820X.2188","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22463/0122820X.2188","url":null,"abstract":"This paper focuses on obtaining the modal parameters of two shafts in operation. The research has been planned using a shaft with composite materials, carbon fibers in an epoxy matrix and an axis manufactured with structural steel A36. The objective is to assess and validate the implementation of a technique of Operational Modal Analysis (OMA) in axes of different materials, and at the same time, compare the dynamic answer of the elements involved in the research.","PeriodicalId":20991,"journal":{"name":"Respuestas","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87244600","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
RespuestasPub Date : 2020-05-01DOI: 10.22463/0122820X.2562
E. Caicedo, Henry Alfonso Sepúlveda-Pacagui, Luis David Pabón-Fernández, A. Pardo-García, J. L. Díaz-Rodríguez
{"title":"Induction motor sensorless control by DSP","authors":"E. Caicedo, Henry Alfonso Sepúlveda-Pacagui, Luis David Pabón-Fernández, A. Pardo-García, J. L. Díaz-Rodríguez","doi":"10.22463/0122820X.2562","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22463/0122820X.2562","url":null,"abstract":"espanolEste articulo presenta el desarrollo un algoritmo para el control de velocidad del motor de induccion mediante el microcontrolador con nucleo de DSP TMS320F28069M, el cual es el encargado de realizar el tratamiento digital de las senales de voltaje y corriente medidas para estimar la velocidad del rotor y cerrar el lazo de control. Los algoritmos consideran los limites de operacion y las caracteristicas del DSP, en conjunto con una interfaz que permite monitorear la velocidad estimada, y modificar el punto de operacion y las constantes del controlador PI, la salida del controlador es asignada a una salida del DSP PWM_DAC la cual se conecta a un convertidor de frecuencia ABB ACS800-U1 en modo remoto para realizar el cambio de velocidad del motor mediante una ley de control V/F. EnglishThis article presents the development of an algorithm for speed control of the induction motor by means of the DSP core microcontroller TMS320F28069M, which is in charge of performing the digital treatment of the voltage and current signals measured to estimate the speed of rotor and close the control loop. The algorithms consider the operating limits and the characteristics of the DSP, together with an interface that allows monitoring the estimated speed, and modifying the operating point and the constants of the PI controller, the controller output is assigned to an output of the DSP PWM_DAC which is connected to an ABB ACS800-U1 frequency converter in remote mode to carry out the motor speed change by means of a V / F control law.","PeriodicalId":20991,"journal":{"name":"Respuestas","volume":"56 1","pages":"1"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87472201","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
RespuestasPub Date : 2020-02-13DOI: 10.22463/0122820x.2665
C. H. HIGUERA SANDOVAL
{"title":"EFECTO DE LA DEFORMACIÓN PLÁSTICA EN LAS ESTRUCTURAS DE PAVIMENTO FLEXIBLE","authors":"C. H. HIGUERA SANDOVAL","doi":"10.22463/0122820x.2665","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22463/0122820x.2665","url":null,"abstract":"En Colombia, uno de los daños más frecuentes de las estructuras de pavimento flexible es la deformación plástica conocida comúnmente como el ahuellamiento, el cual consiste en una depresión canalizada en la huella de circulación de los vehículos producida por el efecto de las cargas del tránsito, las variaciones de temperatura de servicio del pavimento, deficiencias en el diseño y construcción de las mezclas asfálticas o por la presencia de subrasantes débiles. El ahuellamiento dificulta la maniobrabilidad de los vehículos, disminuye la seguridad de la vía y afecta el nivel de confort para el usuario. \u0000De acuerdo a lo anterior, el objetivo de la presente investigación es evaluar el comportamiento de la deformación plástica o ahuellamiento en estructuras de pavimento flexible mediante el análisis mecanicista. El estudio del comportamiento del ahuellamiento se realizó aplicando la metodología presentada en la guía para el diseño mecánico – empírico de pavimentos flexibles “Mechanistic-Empirical Pavement Design Guide – MEPDG” desarrollada por la AASHTO (American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials) versiones 2008 y 2015, la cual es una de las metodologías de mayor implementación para el diseño de estructuras de pavimento nuevas, así como para el mantenimiento y rehabilitación de las mismas. \u0000Como resultados de la investigación realizada se presenta el análisis de cada una de las variables que afectan el ahuellamiento de los pavimentos flexible y su estudio de sensibilidad, determinando el grado de variabilidad de cada una de las variables y concluye en la definición de las variables más sensibles o más significativas que intervienen en la cuantificación del ahuellamiento en las estructuras de pavimento flexible, información que es de gran utilidad para los ingenieros diseñadores de estructuras de pavimento. El alcance del estudio es a nivel de modelación teórica con el fin de comprender el fenómeno del ahuellamiento o deformación permanente de las estructuras de pavimento flexible.","PeriodicalId":20991,"journal":{"name":"Respuestas","volume":"202 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74890878","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
RespuestasPub Date : 2020-02-12DOI: 10.22463/0122820X.2678
Ehidy Karime Garcia-Cruz, H. Castro-Silva, J. Salazar-Uribe
{"title":"Identifying change points for linear mixed models: a solution through evolutionary algorithms","authors":"Ehidy Karime Garcia-Cruz, H. Castro-Silva, J. Salazar-Uribe","doi":"10.22463/0122820X.2678","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22463/0122820X.2678","url":null,"abstract":"Linear Mixed Models; Change points; Evolutionary Algorithms. ABSTRACT Mathematical models are used to describe the relationship between two or more variables or features over the target population. Statistically, Simple Linear regression model has been extensively applied and the properties of their estimators are well known. However, this kind of model is not correctly applied in most cases, such as a longitudinal setting. Linear mixed models (LMMs) are useful when the measurements have been done over a specific interval of time. One of the most important assumptions, on both models, has been established as that the model holds for the whole data. In latter case, we could find one or several points which the function changes into. This proposal allows us to estimate the points where the model changes by minimizing a specific risk function or a loss function associated with the fitted model.","PeriodicalId":20991,"journal":{"name":"Respuestas","volume":"78 1","pages":"69-78"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91545148","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Cement substitutes: a bibliometric analysis of trends and contributions from 2013 to 2018","authors":"Yessica Carolina Villamizar-Delgado, Leonardo Cely-Illera, Jairo Cely-Niño","doi":"10.22463/0122820X.2437","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22463/0122820X.2437","url":null,"abstract":"La sustitución de cementos ha sido un área de desarrollo investigativo por la gran mayoría de países, los cuales buscan nuevas alternativas que fortalezcan la industria cementera y mitiguen el impacto ambiental. El estudio de esta área ha marcado una tendencia creciente cuyo objetivo busca la disminución en las emisiones de gases contaminantes a la atmosfera. En busca de ayudar a determinar el rumbo investigativo referente a sustitutos del cemento se realizó un análisis bibliométrico sobre este tema en el periodo comprendido entre el año 2013 hasta el año 2018. Se empleó el metabuscador Web Of Science (WoS), se interpretó por medio del software HistCite. Se analizaron 1000 documentos obtenidos los cuales mostraron una tendencia creciente en la publicación de estudios relacionados con esta área. Se determinó que países como China, Francia y Estados Unidos son los de mayor número de publicaciones científicas. En esta investigación 3.190 autores profundizaron esta área de interés, siendo Construction and Building Materials, Journal of Cleaner Production y Cement and Concrete Research, las revistas con más documentos publicados y Malaviya National Institute of Technology, Southeast University y Université de Cergy-Pontoise, las instituciones con mayores publicaciones. Finalmente, la palabra cement es la palabra clave más utilizada de 2191 investigadas, seguida por la palabra concrete. Dando a conocer esta información se busca fortalecer futuras investigaciones para aportar en el crecimiento tecnológico e investigativo en el tema de sustitutos del cemento. Palabras clave:","PeriodicalId":20991,"journal":{"name":"Respuestas","volume":"30 1","pages":"195-201"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86208777","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}