Reviews in cardiovascular medicine最新文献

{"title":"Exploring Anthracycline-Induced Cardiotoxicity from the Perspective of Protein Quality Control","authors":"Shanshan Li, Weihua Niu, Chunyan Wang, Jie Zhao, Na Zhang, Yue Yin, Mei Jia, Liyan Cui","doi":"10.31083/j.rcm2506213","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31083/j.rcm2506213","url":null,"abstract":"Anthracyclines are effective anticancer drugs; however, their use is restricted because of their dose-dependent, time-dependent and irreversible myocardial toxicity. The mechanism of anthracycline cardiotoxicity has been widely studied but remains unclear. Protein quality control is crucial to the stability of the intracellular environment and, ultimately, to the heart because cardiomyocytes are terminally differentiated. Two evolutionarily conserved mechanisms, autophagy, and the ubiquitin-proteasome system, synergistically degrade misfolded proteins and remove defective organelles. Recent studies demonstrated the importance of these mechanisms. Further studies will reveal the detailed metabolic pathway and metabolic control of the protein quality control mechanism integrated into anthracycline-induced cardiotoxicity. This review provides theoretical support for clinicians in the application and management of anthracyclines.","PeriodicalId":20989,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in cardiovascular medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141345680","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Value of Adjunctive Left Atrial Posterior Wall Isolation on Clinical Outcomes in Atrial Fibrillation Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.","authors":"Lianfeng Liu, Yu Geng, Yuanwei Liu, Tingting Lv, Ping Zhang","doi":"10.31083/j.rcm2506210","DOIUrl":"10.31083/j.rcm2506210","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Although pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) remains the mainstream way of atrial fibrillation (AF) ablation. The left atrial posterior wall (LAPW) may contributes to the development of AF as an arrhythmogenic substrate. The efficacy of additional left atrial posterior wall isolation (LAPWI) beyond PVI is in AF patients remains undefined. This study explored the influence of posterior wall isolation (PWI) on clinical outcomes in AF patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library databases were searched for studies comparing the outcomes of AF with and without PWI. The efficacy outcomes were recurrence of all atrial arrhythmia (AA), atrial fibrillation (AF), and atrial flutter (AFL)/atrial tachycardia (AT). The safety outcomes were mainly focused on procedural adverse events.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 16 studies (7 randomized controlled trials (RCTs), 3 prospective studies and 6 retrospective analyses) with 3340 AF patients were enrolled (1550 patients in PVI with PWI group and 1790 in PVI alone group). 12 studies included persistent atrial fibrillation patients, 3 studies with paroxysmal AF patients and 1 study with paroxysmal AF and persistent AF concurrently. Mean follow-up period was 16.56 months. In AF patients, adjunctive PWI obviously reduced the recurrence of all atrial arrhythmias (risk ratio (RR) 0.78 [95% CI 0.64-0.95], <math><msup><mi>I</mi> <mn>2</mn></msup> </math> = 79%, <i>p</i> = 0.01) and the recurrence of AF (RR 0.68 [95% CI 0.53-0.88], <math><msup><mi>I</mi> <mn>2</mn></msup> </math> = 75%, <i>p</i> = 0.004); Meanwhile, additional PWI left no impact substantially on lower recurrence of AFL/AT (RR 1.23 [95% CI 0.94-1.60], <math><msup><mi>I</mi> <mn>2</mn></msup> </math> = 49%, <i>p</i> = 0.12). The results seemed to be no significant differences in occurrence rate of procedural complications between the PVI only and PWI+PVI (RR 1.19 [95% CI 0.80-1.79], <math><msup><mi>I</mi> <mn>2</mn></msup> </math> = 0%, <i>p</i> = 0.39). In subgroup analyses, the benefit of adjunctive PWI compared with PVI only was more distinct in persistent AF group and cryoballoon ablation group. Notably, adjunctive PWI with radiofrequency ablation may induce a slight increase of recurrent AFL/AT compared with PVI only (RR 1.56 [95% CI 1.02-2.39], <math><msup><mi>I</mi> <mn>2</mn></msup> </math> = 30%, <i>p</i> = 0.04).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Compared with PVI alone, additional PWI to PVI appeared to be associated with decreased recurrence of AF and atrial arrhythmias without an increased occurrence of procedural complications, especially in persistent AF patients. Cryoballoon ablation seemed more suitable for PWI compared with radiofrequency ablation. More RCTs are needed to verify the conclusion.</p>","PeriodicalId":20989,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in cardiovascular medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11270109/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141793352","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optional Revascularization Strategies for Patients with ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction and Multivessel Disease","authors":"Peng-Yu Zhong, Bin Sun, Hai-Ping Cao, Wei Wang, Ting-Lin Xiong","doi":"10.31083/j.rcm2506209","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31083/j.rcm2506209","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20989,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in cardiovascular medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141387996","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Arrhythmogenic Cardiomyopathy: Current Updates and Future Challenges","authors":"Zafraan Zathar, Nihit Shah, Nimai Desai, Peysh A Patel","doi":"10.31083/j.rcm2506208","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31083/j.rcm2506208","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20989,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in cardiovascular medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141386750","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Positive Correlation between BMI and Left Ventricle and Atrium Inside Diameter Size in Chinese Type 2 Diabetes Patients with Left Ventricular and Atrial Enlargement","authors":"Jie Zhang, Zhenhua Yang, Xiaoxiang Fan, Qiuping Fei, Yingfei Xi","doi":"10.31083/j.rcm2506207","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31083/j.rcm2506207","url":null,"abstract":"Background : Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) commonly exhibit overlooked left ventricular and atrial hypertrophy. This research identifies potential risk factors and intervention targets. Methods : T2DM patients with normal ejection fraction values were enrolled, while we eliminated influences on heart size, such as hypertension and coronary heart disease. Variables for each participant, including height, weight, age, body mass index (BMI), and blood biochemistry, were recorded before patients were categorized into four groups based on heart size. Multiple linear regression and Pearson’s correlation analyses were applied to investigate the possible correlations. Results : Three years of clinical data were collected for each T2DM patient, while patients with incomplete data or interference factors affecting heart size were excluded. BMI, adjusted fasting blood glucose (FBG), glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), and age all showed a significant positive correlation with the inner diameter of the left ventricle and atrium in groups exhibiting hypertrophy. Conclusions : In T2DM patients, BMI correlated positively with left ventricular enlargement, suggesting its potential role as a risk factor. Weight control may be an effective intervention for left ventricular enlargement","PeriodicalId":20989,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in cardiovascular medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141387976","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Cumulative and Single Effect of 12 Aldehydes Concentrations on Cardiovascular Diseases: An Analysis Based on Bayesian Kernel Machine Regression and Weighted Logistic Regression","authors":"Yuemei Fang, Juan Zhang","doi":"10.31083/j.rcm2506206","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31083/j.rcm2506206","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20989,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in cardiovascular medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141388365","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy and Safety of Laser Balloon Versus Irrigated Radiofrequency Ablation as Initial Therapies for Atrial Fibrillation: A Meta-Analysis","authors":"Fujiang Chen, Donglin Guo, Tiantian Zheng, Yangyang Gu, Xinbin Zhou, Yuangang Qiu, Shuwei Huang, Wenyi Ye","doi":"10.31083/j.rcm2506205","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31083/j.rcm2506205","url":null,"abstract":"Background : Catheter ablation (CA) is an effective therapy for atrial fibrillation (AF) and, although radiofrequency ablation (RFA) is the standard treatment for pulmonary vein isolation (PVI), it is complex and time-consuming. Laser balloon ablation (LBA) has been introduced to simplify the conventional RFA; however, results of studies comparing LBA and RFA remain controversial. As such, this investigation aimed to comprehensively evaluate the efficacy and safety of LBA versus RFA. Methods : The PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library","PeriodicalId":20989,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in cardiovascular medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141388525","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multimodality Imaging of Cardiac Myxomas.","authors":"Maja Hrabak-Paar, Miroslav Muršić, Tihana Balaško-Josipović, Daniel Dilber, Nikola Bulj","doi":"10.31083/j.rcm2506204","DOIUrl":"10.31083/j.rcm2506204","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cardiac myxomas are the most common benign cardiac neoplasms. Echocardiography is the first-line imaging modality used to analyze cardiac masses, allowing the detection of tumor location, size, and mobility. However, additional imaging techniques are required to confirm the diagnosis, evaluate tissue characteristics of the mass, and assess potential invasion of surrounding structures. Second-line imaging includes cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and/or computed tomography (CT) depending on availability and the patient's characteristics and preferences. The advantages of CT include its wide availability and fast scanning, which allows good image quality even in patients who have difficulty cooperating. MRI has excellent soft-tissue resolution and is the gold standard technique for noninvasive tissue characterization. In some cases, evaluation of the tumor metabolism using 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography with CT may be useful, mainly if the differential diagnosis includes primary or metastatic cardiac malignancies. A cardiac myxoma can be identified by its characteristic location within the atria, typically in the left atrium attached to the interatrial septum. The main differential diagnoses include physiological structures in the atria like crista terminalis in the right atrium and the coumadin ridge in the left atrium, intracardiac thrombi, as well as other benign and malignant cardiac tumors. In this review paper, we describe the characteristics of cardiac myxomas identified using multimodality imaging and provide tips on how to differentiate myxomas from other cardiac masses.</p>","PeriodicalId":20989,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in cardiovascular medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11270062/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141793344","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of the Value of Four Objective Nutritional Indices in Assessing the Long-Term Prognosis of Elderly Patients with Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction.","authors":"Xingman Fan, Qiongyi He, Kaijie Zhang, Xiaohua Lan, Yanyan Li, Haitao Zhang","doi":"10.31083/j.rcm2506201","DOIUrl":"10.31083/j.rcm2506201","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The long-term prognosis of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is influenced by malnutrition. Currently, there's a deficit in objective and comprehensive nutritional assessment methods to evaluate the nutritional status and predicting the long-term outcomes of HFpEF patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Our retrospective study included two hundred and eighteen elderly HFpEF patients admitted to the cardiovascular ward at the Air Force Medical Centre from January 2016 to December 2021. Based on follow-up outcomes, patients were categorized into all-cause death (99 cases) and Survival (119 cases) groups. We compared general data, laboratory results, and nutritional indexes between groups. Differences in subgroups based on Triglyceride-Total Cholesterol-Body Weight Index (TCBI), Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index (GNRI), Prognostic Nutritional Index (PNI), and Controlled Nutrition Score (CONUT) were analyzed using Kaplan-Meier survival curves and log-rank test. COX regression was used to identify all-cause mortality risk factors, and the predictive accuracy of the four nutritional indices was assessed using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves and Delong test analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 101 (45.41%) HFpEF patients experienced all-cause mortality during 59.02 <math><mo>±</mo></math> 1.79 months of follow-up. The all-cause mortality group exhibited lower GNRI and PNI levels, and higher CONUT levels than the Survival group (<i>p</i> <math><mo><</mo></math> 0.05). Kaplan-Meier analysis revealed lower cumulative survival in the low GNRI ( <math><mo>≤</mo></math> 96.50) and low PNI ( <math><mo>≤</mo></math> 43.75) groups, but higher in the low CONUT ( <math><mo>≤</mo></math> 2) group, compared to their respective medium and high-value groups. Multifactorial COX regression identified low PNI ( <math><mo>≤</mo></math> 43.75) as an independent all-cause mortality risk factor in elderly HFpEF patients. ROC and Delong's test indicated PNI (area under the curve [AUC] = 0.698, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.629-0.768) as a more effective predictor of all-cause mortality than TCBI (AUC = 0.533, 95% CI 0.456-0.610) and CONUT (AUC = 0.621, 95% CI 0.547-0.695; <i>p</i> <math><mo><</mo></math> 0.05). However, there was no significant difference compared to GNRI (AUC = 0.663, 95% CI 0.590-0.735; <i>p</i> <math><mo>></mo></math> 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In elderly HFpEF patients a PNI <math><mo>≤</mo></math> 43.75 was identified as an independent risk factor for all-cause mortality. Moreover, PNI demonstrates superior prognostic performance in predicting all-cause mortality in elderly patients with HFpEF when compared to TCBI, GNRI, and COUNT.</p>","PeriodicalId":20989,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in cardiovascular medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11270056/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141793317","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Developing a Machine Learning Model to Predict 180-day Readmission for Elderly Patients with Angina.","authors":"Yi Luo, Xuewu Song, Rongsheng Tong","doi":"10.31083/j.rcm2506203","DOIUrl":"10.31083/j.rcm2506203","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Readmission of elderly angina patients has become a serious problem, with a dearth of available prediction tools for readmission assessment. The objective of this study was to develop a machine learning (ML) model that can predict 180-day all-cause readmission for elderly angina patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The clinical data for elderly angina patients was retrospectively collected. Five ML algorithms were used to develop prediction models. Area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC), area under the precision recall curve (AUPRC), and the Brier score were applied to assess predictive performance. Analysis by Shapley additive explanations (SHAP) was performed to evaluate the contribution of each variable.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 1502 elderly angina patients (45.74% female) were enrolled in the study. The extreme gradient boosting (XGB) model showed good predictive performance for 180-day readmission (AUROC = 0.89; AUPRC = 0.91; Brier score = 0.21). SHAP analysis revealed that the number of medications, hematocrit, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease were important variables associated with 180-day readmission.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>An ML model can accurately identify elderly angina patients with a high risk of 180-day readmission. The model used to identify individual risk factors can also serve to remind clinicians of appropriate interventions that may help to prevent the readmission of patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":20989,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in cardiovascular medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11270066/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141793319","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}