Reviews in cardiovascular medicine最新文献

{"title":"Accelerated Non-Contrast-Enhanced Three-Dimensional Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance Deep Learning Reconstruction.","authors":"Sukran Erdem, Orhan Erdem, M Tarique Hussain, F Gerald Greil, Qing Zou","doi":"10.31083/RCM37399","DOIUrl":"10.31083/RCM37399","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) is a time-consuming, yet critical imaging method. In contrast, while rapid techniques accelerate image acquisition, these methods can also compromise image quality. Meanwhile, the effectiveness of Adaptive CS-Net, a vendor-supported deep-learning magnetic resonance (MR) reconstruction algorithm, for non-contrast three-dimensional (3D) whole-heart imaging using relaxation-enhanced angiography without contrast and triggering (REACT) remains uncertain.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Thirty participants were prospectively recruited for this study. Each underwent non-contrast imaging that included a modified REACT sequence and a standard 3D balanced steady-state free precession (bSSFP) sequence. The REACT data were acquired through six-fold undersampling and reconstructed offline using both conventional compressed sensing (CS) and an Adaptive CS-Net algorithm. Subjective and objective image quality assessments, as well as cross-sectional area measurements of selected vessels, were conducted to compare the REACT images reconstructed using Adaptive CS-Net against those reconstructed using conventional CS, as well as the standard bSSFP sequence. For a statistical comparison of image quality across these three image sets, the nonparametric Friedman test was performed, followed by Dunn's post-hoc test.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The Adaptive CS-Net and CS-reconstructed REACT images exhibited superior image quality for pulmonary veins, neck, and upper thoracic vessels compared to the standard 3D bSSFP sequence. Adaptive CS-Net and CS reconstructed REACT images displayed significantly higher contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) compared to those reconstructed using the 3D bSSFP sequence (all <i>p</i>-values < 0.05) for the left upper (5.40, 5.53, 0.97), left lower (6.33, 5.84, 2.27), right upper (5.49, 6.74, 1.18), and right lower pulmonary veins (6.71, 6.41, 1.26). Additionally, REACT methods showed a statistically significant improvement in CNR for both the ascending aorta and superior vena cava compared to the 3D bSSFP sequence.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The Adaptive CS-Net reconstruction for the REACT images consistently delivered superior or comparable image quality compared to the CS technique. Notably, the Adaptive CS-Net reconstruction provides significantly enhanced image quality for pulmonary veins, neck, and upper thoracic vessels compared to 3D bSSFP.</p>","PeriodicalId":20989,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in cardiovascular medicine","volume":"26 7","pages":"37399"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12326416/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144800028","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recent Advances in Inflammation-Associated Epicardial Adipose Tissue for Atrial Fibrillation Patients.","authors":"Jiawei Li, Maomao Zhao, Lu Bai, Jing Zhao, Hanxiang Gao, Ming Bai","doi":"10.31083/RCM36598","DOIUrl":"10.31083/RCM36598","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The relationship between inflammation and atrial fibrillation (AF) has recently attracted significant research interest. Epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) contributes to the pathogenesis of AF through its inflammatory, metabolic, and electrophysiological effects and may also influence AF outcomes. Inflammatory cells within EAT release key proinflammatory cytokines, including interleukin (IL)-1β and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), which promote cardiomyocyte apoptosis and fibrosis. These changes compromise cardiac electrophysiological stability and elevate the risk of arrhythmias. Moreover, increased EAT thickness and volume have been identified as critical biomarkers for AF risk, providing new insights into AF diagnosis and treatment. However, despite compelling evidence of a strong association between EAT and AF, further studies are needed to fully elucidate the mechanisms underlying the role of EAT and assess its potential as a therapeutic target. This review aimed to explore the specific mechanisms of inflammation-related EAT in AF and evaluate the clinical potential of EAT as a biomarker and therapeutic target.</p>","PeriodicalId":20989,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in cardiovascular medicine","volume":"26 7","pages":"36598"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12326453/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144800086","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of Estimated Glucose Disposal Rate With Risk of Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm: Evidence From a Large-Scale Prospective Cohort Study of the UK Biobank.","authors":"Yuanwei Chen, Ting Zhou, Songyuan Luo, Jizhong Wang, Fan Yang, Yingqing Feng, Lixin Fang, Jianfang Luo","doi":"10.31083/RCM36776","DOIUrl":"10.31083/RCM36776","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Insulin resistance has been recognized as a risk factor in the pathogenesis of various diseases. The estimated glucose disposal rate (eGDR) has been widely validated as a reliable, noninvasive, and cost-effective surrogate measure of insulin resistance. However, the relationship between eGDR and abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) has not yet been fully elucidated. This study sought to investigate the association between the eGDR levels and the risk of AAA development.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This prospective cohort study enrolled participants from the UK Biobank who had complete eGDR measurements and no pre-existing AAA at baseline (2006-2010). Participants were stratified into quartiles according to their eGDR values. The association between eGDR and AAA was assessed using Cox proportional hazards models with results expressed as the hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence interval (CI). Kaplan-Meier curves were generated to visualize cumulative AAA incidence across eGDR quartiles, whereas restricted cubic splines (RCSs) were applied to characterize the exposure-response relationship. Sensitivity and subgroup analyses were conducted to assess the robustness of the findings.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The final analytical cohort comprised 416,800 participants (median age: 58.0 years (IQR: 50.0-63.0), 45.83% male). During the median follow-up of 13.6 years, 1881 incident AAA cases were recorded. The Kaplan-Meier curve analysis demonstrated a higher cumulative AAA risk with decreasing eGDR quartiles (log-rank <i>p</i> < 0.05). The Multivariable Cox model confirmed that lower eGDR levels were significantly associated with increased AAA risk. When eGDR was assessed as categorical variable, compared with the participants in Quartile 1 group (reference group), the adjusted HR (95% CI) for those in the Quartile 2-Quartile 4 groups were 0.76 (0.66-0.87), 0.69 (0.59-0.80), and 0.46 (0.35-0.62), respectively. When eGDR was evaluated as a continuous variable, a 1-unit increment in eGDR corresponded to a 12% reduction in AAA risk (HR: 0.88, 95% CI: 0.85-0.90). After excluding patients with pre-existing diabetes or short-term follow-up, the sensitivity analysis produced similar results. A subgroup analysis further maintained the association between eGDR and AAA. Furthermore, the RCS curve revealed a nonlinear association between eGDR and AAA incidence risk (<i>p</i> for nonlinearity ≤ 0.05), identifying a threshold value of 7.78.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our study demonstrates that reduced eGDR levels are independently associated with elevated AAA risk, exhibiting a nonlinear dose-response relationship characterized by a threshold effect at 7.78. These findings position eGDR as a potentially valuable biomarker for AAA risk stratification and interventional strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":20989,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in cardiovascular medicine","volume":"26 7","pages":"36776"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12326403/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144800031","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Correlation Between Sleep and Coronary Heart Disease: A Review.","authors":"Qingbo Shi, Yang Gao, Zhuocheng Shi, Muwei Li","doi":"10.31083/RCM37252","DOIUrl":"10.31083/RCM37252","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Coronary heart disease (CHD), which is characterized by the coronary arteries narrowing or becoming obstructed due to atherosclerosis, leads to myocardial ischemia, hypoxia, or necrosis. Owing to an aging population and lifestyle changes, the incidence of CHD and subsequent mortality rates continue to rise, making CHD one of the leading causes of disability and death worldwide. Hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, smoking, obesity, and genetic factors are considered major risk factors for CHD; however, these factors do not fully explain the complexity and diversity in the etiology of CHD. Sleep, an indispensable part of human physiological processes, is crucial for maintaining physical and mental health. In recent years, the rapid pace of modern life has led to an increasing number of patients experiencing an insufficient amount of sleep, declining sleep quality, and sleep disorders. Therefore, the correlation between sleep and CHD has become a focal point in current research. This review aims to address the relationship between sleep duration, quality, and sleep disorder-related diseases with CHD and emphasizes potential underlying mechanisms and possible clinical implications. Moreover, this review aimed to provide a theoretical basis and clinical guidance for the prevention and treatment of CHD.</p>","PeriodicalId":20989,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in cardiovascular medicine","volume":"26 7","pages":"37252"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12326418/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144800094","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Association Between Serum HMGB2 Levels and Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm in Males: Insights Into the HMGB2-TREM Pathway.","authors":"Liting Pan, Junji Chen, Yanjun Sun, Fang Wang","doi":"10.31083/RCM33511","DOIUrl":"10.31083/RCM33511","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is a major public health challenge and presents high mortality due to diagnostic and therapeutic difficulties. This study investigated the role of high-mobility group box2 (HMGB2) and the HMGB2-triggering receptor expressed on the myeloid cell (TREM) pathway in male AAA patients. The goal was to evaluate HMGB2 as a novel biomarker and to elucidate its contribution to the pathogenesis of AAA. Our findings offer new insights into AAA biology and highlight the potential application of HMGB2 for early detection and therapeutic targeting.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective case-control study included 36 male AAA patients and 41 male controls with balanced baseline characteristics. HMGB1, HMGB2, soluble TREM-1 (sTREM-1), and sTREM-2 serum levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The association between HMGB2 and AAA was analyzed using multivariate logistic regression, while the diagnostic performance of HMGB2 was assessed using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Elevated HMGB2 and HMGB1 levels were associated with higher risks of AAA (HMGB2: OR: 1.158, 95% CI: 1.011-1.325; <i>p</i> < 0.05; HMGB1: OR: 1.275, 95% CI: 1.048-1.551; <i>p</i> < 0.05) and aneurysm rupture (HMGB2: OR: 1.117, 95% CI: 1.005-1.241; <i>p</i> < 0.05; HMGB1: OR: 1.212, 95% CI: 1.003-1.465; <i>p</i> < 0.05). Meanwhile, sTREM-1 exhibited a negative correlation with AAA (OR: 0.991, 95% CI: 0.985-0.997; <i>p</i> < 0.01). The odds ratios of the fourth quartile HMGB2 and HMGB1 levels for AAA were 6.925-fold and 8.621-fold higher, respectively, than the first quartile levels. The HMGB2 serum level was positively correlated with a larger AAA diameter, with the diameter increasing progressively as the HMGB2 level increased. The area under the ROC curve (AUC) for predicting AAA was 0.713 for HMGB2, 0.677 for HMGB1, and 0.665 for sTREM-1. HMGB1 and sTREM-1 both correlated with HMGB2. Each HMGB1 quartile group exhibited a significant increase as HMGB2 increased. Further, sTREM-1 significantly increased at low to moderate HMGB2 levels but decreased in the highest HMGB2 quartile.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Elevated HMGB2 serum levels are independently associated with the incidence of AAA in males. HMGB2-TREM pathway disruption may play a critical role in AAA pathogenesis.</p>","PeriodicalId":20989,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in cardiovascular medicine","volume":"26 7","pages":"33511"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12326447/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144800093","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Vitamin D as a Key Mediator Between C-reactive Protein to Albumin Ratio and Congestive Heart Failure in an Elderly Population: An Innovative Exploration Using the NHANES Database.","authors":"Yufeng Wei, Zhaofeng Zhang","doi":"10.31083/RCM37740","DOIUrl":"10.31083/RCM37740","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;The C-reactive protein-to-albumin ratio (CAR), a marker of inflammation and nutritional status (calculated as C-reactive protein [CRP]/albumin [ALB]), is associated with increased mortality in congestive heart failure (CHF). However, whether vitamin D modulates the CAR-CHF relationship remains unclear. Using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), this study aimed to investigate the mediating role of vitamin D in the association between CAR and CHF among older adults, with implications for cardiovascular disease prevention.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;Data from NHANES 2001-2010 were analyzed, including adults aged ≥65 years. Multivariate logistic regression was used to assess the independent association of CAR and 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] with CHF. Pearson correlation evaluated bivariate relationships between continuous variables (vitamin D, CAR), while Spearman correlation assessed associations between the dichotomous CHF status and continuous variables (vitamin D, CAR). Mediation analysis (Hayes' PROCESS Model 4, 5000 bootstrap samples) tested whether 25(OH)D mediated the CAR-CHF link. Subgroup analyses explored effect modification by age, sex, and comorbidities.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;A total of 4128 participants (mean age: 70.0 years; 55.81% male) were included, with 247 (5.98%) diagnosed with CHF. Vitamin D deficiency (25(OH)D &lt;20 ng/mL) and insufficiency (20-30 ng/mL) were prevalent (71.2%). Key findings included: Bivariate associations: Lower 25(OH)D correlated with higher CAR (r = -0.12, &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.004) and increased CHF risk (Spearman ρ = -0.061, &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.01), while CAR was positively correlated with CHF (Spearman ρ = 0.080, &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.01). Multivariate analysis: CAR was an independent risk factor for CHF (adjusted OR for highest vs. lowest quartile: 1.96, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.31-2.95, &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.001; &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt;-trend &lt; 0.001. Vitamin D sufficiency (25(OH)D ≥30 ng/mL) was associated with a lower CHF risk compared to deficiency (25(OH)D &lt;20 ng/mL, OR: 0.56, 95% CI: 0.38-0.83, &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.003), indicating that deficiency was indirectly linked to higher risk. Mediation effect: 25(OH)D partially mediated the CAR-CHF association, explaining 3.00% of the total effect (indirect effect: 0.002, 95% CI: 0.001-0.005, &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.039). Predictive value: CAR had modest accuracy for CHF (area under the curve (AUC) = 0.597, 95% CI: 0.560-0.634), with an optimal cut-off of 0.149 (sensitivity: 59.1%, specificity: 56.4%).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;Elevated CAR and vitamin D deficiency are independently associated with increased CHF risk in older adults. Vitamin D partially mediated the association between CAR and CHF, underscoring its role in linking inflammation/nutrition status to cardiovascular risk. Clinicians should monitor both biomarkers in CHF prevention, prioritizing inflammation control and vitamin D repletion in high-risk populations","PeriodicalId":20989,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in cardiovascular medicine","volume":"26 7","pages":"37740"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12326401/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144800111","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Incident Arrhythmias Detected Using Implantable Loop Recorders in Obstructive Sleep Apnoea.","authors":"Hejie He, Ven Gee Lim, Nicholas Weight, Thomas Lachlan, Faizel Osman","doi":"10.31083/RCM31308","DOIUrl":"10.31083/RCM31308","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) is highly prevalent in Western populations, causing breathing cessation during sleep due to airway collapse. OSA is strongly associated with cardiovascular disease and arrhythmia, with several mechanisms likely to increase arrhythmia incidence. Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) is the mainstay of treatment, and whilst CPAP effectively treats OSA, specific arrhythmias and major adverse cardiovascular events may remain unchanged. Furthermore, arrhythmias are likely significantly underdiagnosed in this population. Meanwhile, implantable loop recorders (ILRs) are the gold-standard detection method for arrhythmias.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This review aimed to systematically evaluate observational studies using ILRs to identify the incidence of arrhythmia in treated OSA patients. We searched the Medline/Excerpta Medica Database (EMBASE) databases, identifying observational studies involving any OSA patients with no history of arrhythmia and who had ILRs inserted. Two reviewers assessed the quality of the studies and potential bias using the Observational Study Quality Evaluation (OSQE) tool.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Three studies met the criteria with 77 participants; however, the study outcomes were incomparable and could not be pooled. CPAP significantly reduced bradyarrhythmia/pauses. There was a high incidence of atrial fibrillation (AF), up to 31%, although the sample size and overall characteristics were insufficient and could not be generalized. AF and other tachyarrhythmias were likely underdiagnosed in OSA patients. CPAP did reduce bradyarrhythmia/pauses but is potentially insufficient to reduce AF or other tachyarrhythmias. Only one ongoing study was found to evaluate the incidence of arrhythmias in OSA.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>We highlight the need for arrhythmia screening in OSA patients and for further studies to clarify the true incidence of arrhythmias in OSA patients. These additional studies may influence the guidelines for arrhythmia screening and identify mechanisms and therapeutic targets in OSA.</p>","PeriodicalId":20989,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in cardiovascular medicine","volume":"26 7","pages":"31308"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12326399/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144800080","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unveiling the Masquerading of Myocardial Bridging in Cardiovascular Diseases.","authors":"Song Wu, Danni Wu, Xianlun Li","doi":"10.31083/RCM36868","DOIUrl":"10.31083/RCM36868","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Myocardial bridging (MB) is a congenital coronary artery anomaly initially regarded as a benign anatomical variant. However, an increasing number of studies have revealed the association between MB and various cardiovascular diseases. The primary pathological mechanisms underlying the relationship include dynamic mechanical compression leading to myocardial ischemia, coronary vasospasm, and the development of proximal atherosclerosis. Advancement of coronary artery imaging technology has enhanced the understanding of the anatomical and hemodynamic features of MB. Although treatment strategies are primarily symptom-driven, morphological and functional evaluation of MB in patients with asymptomatic concomitant cardiovascular diseases is recommended. Pharmacological therapy and management of cardiovascular conditions are the first-line approach. Invasive treatments strategies should be tailored to individual circumstances. This review examines the relationship between MB and other cardiovascular conditions, such as hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM), coronary atherosclerosis, and myocardial ischemia with non-obstructive coronary arteries (INOCA) or myocardial infarction with non-obstructive coronary arteries (MINOCA). It provides an overview of the underlying mechanisms, diagnostic assessments, and treatment strategies. However, large-scale randomized controlled trials are needed to validate these findings.</p>","PeriodicalId":20989,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in cardiovascular medicine","volume":"26 7","pages":"36868"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12326406/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144800109","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Stented Biological Prosthesis Versus Mitral Allograft in Surgical Treatment of Tricuspid Valve Infective Endocarditis.","authors":"Mikhail Nuzhdin, Yury Malinovsky, Maksim Galchenko, Roman Komarov, Aleksey Fokin, Nikita Nadtochiy","doi":"10.31083/RCM37204","DOIUrl":"10.31083/RCM37204","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The prevalence of tricuspid valve (TV) infective endocarditis (IE) continues to increase among patients with drug addictions and chronic vascular access or cardiac electronic devices. Moreover, long-term mortality and morbidity following surgery with conventional prostheses remain high. Allografts may represent a suitable alternative in tricuspid surgery. This study aimed to compare outcomes between stented biological valves and mitral allografts (MAs) for tricuspid valve replacement (TVR).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 54 patients with IE underwent TVR using either a stented bioprosthesis (B) or MA between January 2016 and July 2024. Clinical and echocardiographic data were analyzed in accordance with the Tricuspid-Valve Academic Research Consortium (T-VARC) criteria. Early safety, clinical efficacy, and time-to-event survival were compared between the two equal B and MA groups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There were no in-hospital or 30-day mortality, nor cardiac, cerebral, and wound complications in either group. The peak and mean pressure gradient (PG) on TV after surgery were 9.2 (6.5-12.0) and 4.0 (3.2-6.0) mmHg in the B group versus 6.0 (4.5-7.5) and 3.0 (2.0-4.0) mmHg in the MA group (<i>p</i> < 0.001). A T-VARC-adjusted analysis demonstrated superior freedom from cardiovascular mortality, recurrent IE, reoperation, and permanent pacemaker implantation (PPI) in the MA group 2 years after operation. Kaplan-Meier analysis revealed significantly higher freedom from cardiovascular mortality in the MA group (100% vs. 81.5%, 77.8%, 77.8%, 69.6% respectively (log-rank test, <i>p</i> = 0.011) at 12-, 18-, 24-, 36-months, and freedom from PPI (100% vs. 81% at all time intervals) (log-rank test, <i>p</i> = 0.021).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Application of contemporary endpoint criteria demonstrated superior outcomes with MA, including lower cardiovascular mortality, reduced PPI, fewer recurrent endocarditis, decreased reoperations, cardiac hospitalizations, alongside improved patient-reported outcomes. Time-to-event analysis demonstrated benefits in cardiovascular survival and PPI avoidance with allografts. Mitral allograft may be a preferable alternative valve substitute for TVR in patients with IE.</p><p><strong>Clinical trial registration: </strong>ClinicalTrials.gov ID: NCT06591000, https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT06591000?term=NCT06591000&rank=1, registration date: September 19, 2024.</p>","PeriodicalId":20989,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in cardiovascular medicine","volume":"26 7","pages":"37204"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12326450/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144800091","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Artificial Intelligence Large Language Models in Cardiology.","authors":"Juecheng Chen, Yixiu Liang, Junbo Ge","doi":"10.31083/RCM39452","DOIUrl":"10.31083/RCM39452","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20989,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in cardiovascular medicine","volume":"26 7","pages":"39452"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12326395/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144800029","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}