Reviews in cardiovascular medicine最新文献

{"title":"Role of Exosomes in Cardiovascular Diseases.","authors":"Qiumei Lin, Pingfeng He, Jing Tao, Jing Peng","doi":"10.31083/j.rcm2506222","DOIUrl":"10.31083/j.rcm2506222","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Exosomes (EXOs) are a subgroup of extracellular vesicles (EVs) that contain numerous biologically active molecules. They exhibit an essential mode of cell communication, primarily between distinct cell populations, for the maintenance of tissue homeostasis and coordination of adaptive responses to various stresses. These intercellular communications are vital for the complex, multicellular cardiovascular system. In the last ten years, their potential role as effective tissue-to-tissue communicators has received increasing attention in cardiovascular physiology and pathology. There is growing evidence that repair of the heart and regeneration can be promoted by EXOs derived from cardiomyocytes or stem/progenitor cells. However, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. EVs derived from different stem/progenitor cell populations have been used as cell-free therapies in different preclinical models involving cardiovascular diseases and have shown promising results. In this review, we have summarized the recent developments in EXOs research, the impact of EXOs derived from different cells on the cardiovascular system, their potential therapeutic roles as well as new diagnostic biomarkers, and the possible clinical translational outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":20989,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in cardiovascular medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11270122/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141793348","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Wide Spectrum of Bradyarrhythmias and Supraventricular Tachyarrhythmias in Sportsmen: Run Forrest, Run?!","authors":"Zofia Kampka, Mateusz Drabczyk, Nina Piłka, Michał Orszulak, Maciej Rycyk, Katarzyna Mizia-Stec, Maciej T Wybraniec","doi":"10.31083/j.rcm2506221","DOIUrl":"10.31083/j.rcm2506221","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The intricate relationship between sports participation and cardiac arrhythmias is a key focus of cardiovascular research. Physical activity, integral to preventing atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, induces structural, functional, and electrical changes in the heart, potentially triggering arrhythmias, particularly atrial fibrillation (AF). Despite the cardiovascular benefits, the optimal exercise amount remains unclear, revealing a J-shaped association between AF and exercise. Endurance athletes, particularly males, face elevated AF risks, influenced by age. Risk factors vary among sports modalities, with unique physiological responses in swim training potentially elevating AF risk. Clinical management of AF in athletes necessitates a delicate balance between rhythm control, rate control, and anticoagulation therapy. Sport-induced bradyarrhythmias, including sinus bradycardia and conduction disturbances, are prevalent among athletes. Managing bradycardia in athletes proves challenging due to its complex and not fully understood pathophysiology. Careful consideration is required, particularly in symptomatic cases, where pacemaker implantation may be necessary for sinus node dysfunction. Although pacing is recommended for specific atrioventricular (AV) blocks, milder forms often prevail without restricting sports participation. This review explores the nuanced relationship between exercise and tachy- and bradyarrhythmia in athletes, addressing the challenges clinicians face when optimizing patient care in this distinctive population.</p>","PeriodicalId":20989,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in cardiovascular medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11270092/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141793355","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between the Serum Soluble Urokinase Plasminogen Activator Receptor and Peripheral Arterial Stiffness According to the Cardio-Ankle Vascular Index in Patients Undergoing Kidney Transplantation.","authors":"Hsiao-Hui Yang, Yen-Cheng Chen, Ching-Chun Ho, Bang-Gee Hsu","doi":"10.31083/j.rcm2506219","DOIUrl":"10.31083/j.rcm2506219","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>High soluble urokinase plasminogen activator receptor (suPAR) levels are correlated with cardiovascular (CV) disease. Arterial stiffness is associated with aging-related vascular diseases and is an independent risk factor for CV morbidity and mortality. It can be measured by the cardio-ankle vascular index (CAVI). We evaluated the association between serum suPAR levels and arterial stiffness according to the CAVI in kidney transplantation (KT) recipients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this study, 82 patients undergoing KT were enrolled. Serum suPAR levels were analyzed using an enzyme immunoassay. The CAVI was measured using a plethysmograph waveform device, and patients with a CAVI of <math><mo>≥</mo></math> 9.0 were assigned to the peripheral arterial stiffness (PAS) group.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Twenty KT patients (24.4%) had PAS, were of older age (<i>p</i> = 0.042), and had higher serum triglyceride (<i>p</i> = 0.023) and suPAR levels (<i>p</i> <math><mo><</mo></math> 0.001) than the normal group. After adjusting for factors significantly associated with PAS by multivariate logistic regression analysis, serum suPAR levels (odds ratio [OR] 1.072, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.023-1.123; <i>p</i> = 0.004) were independently associated with PAS in KT patients. The logarithmically transformed suPAR level (log-suPAR) was also positively correlated with the left or right CAVI values (all <i>p</i> <math><mo><</mo></math> 0.001) from the results of the Spearman correlation analysis in KT patients.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Serum suPAR levels are positively associated with left or right CAVI values and are independently associated with PAS in KT patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":20989,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in cardiovascular medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11270095/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141793337","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Roles of LncRNAs in the Pathogenesis of Pulmonary Hypertension.","authors":"Ting Liu, Shuanglan Xu, Jiao Yang, Xiqian Xing","doi":"10.31083/j.rcm2506217","DOIUrl":"10.31083/j.rcm2506217","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a persistently progressive, incurable, multifactorial associated fatal pulmonary vascular disease characterized by pulmonary vascular remodeling. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are involved in regulating pathological processes such as pulmonary vasoconstriction, thickening, remodeling, and inflammatory cell infiltration in PH by acting on different cell types. Because of their differential expression in PH patients, as demonstrated by the observation that some lncRNAs are significantly upregulated while others are significantly downregulated in PH patients, lncRNAs are potentially useful biomarkers for assessing disease progression and diagnosis or prognosis in PH patients. This article provides an overview of the different mechanisms by which lncRNAs are involved in the pathogenesis of PH.</p>","PeriodicalId":20989,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in cardiovascular medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11270120/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141793349","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between Estimated Small Dense Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol and Occurrence of New Lesions after Percutaneous Coronary Intervention in Japanese Patients with Stable Angina and Receiving Statin Therapy.","authors":"Daisuke Kanda, Akihiro Tokushige, Mitsuru Ohishi","doi":"10.31083/j.rcm2506218","DOIUrl":"10.31083/j.rcm2506218","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) is considered the most important risk factor for coronary artery disease (CAD). Although lipid-lowering therapy using high-intensity statins for patients with stable CAD is one of the cornerstones of medication therapy, there is still a risk of residual cardiovascular events, even after controlling for LDL-C. Recently, attention has focused on the association between small dense LDL-C as a residual risk factor for CAD, and it has been reported that a formula can be used to calculate the small LDL-C.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We investigated the association between estimated small dense LDL-C (Esd LDL-C) and the occurrence of new lesions with myocardial ischemia <math><mo>≤</mo></math> 2 years after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in 537 patients with stable angina who underwent PCI. In this study, all patients had been prescribed statins. This study was based on previously reported data regarding the relationship between non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels and stable angina pectoris after PCI.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Revascularization, including new lesions and in-stent restenosis, and new lesions appeared in 130 and 90 patients, respectively, <math><mo>≤</mo></math> 2 years after PCI. Age, diabetes mellitus (DM), LDL-C, and Esd LDL-C were associated with the occurrence of revascularization and new lesions <math><mo>≤</mo></math> 2 years after PCI. Multivariate logistic regression analysis models revealed that Esd LDL-C [odds ratio (OR) 1.03, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.004-1.048, <i>p</i> = 0.020; and OR 1.03, 95% CI 1.009-1.057, <i>p</i> = 0.007, respectively] were associated with the revascularization and occurrence of new lesions <math><mo>≤</mo></math> 2 years after PCI.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>As well as total cholesterol and LDL-C, Esd LDL-C was an independent risk factor for the revascularization and occurrence of new lesions <math><mo>≤</mo></math> 2 years after PCI for stable angina in Japanese patients receiving statin therapy. In patients with stable angina who are on lipid-lowering therapy with statins, calculating the Esd LDL-C may provide useful information for predicting revascularization and the occurrence of new lesions.</p>","PeriodicalId":20989,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in cardiovascular medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11270076/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141793334","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of Concurrent Ischaemic Stroke on Unfavourable Outcomes in Men and Women with Dilated Cardiomyopathy","authors":"Zexin Fan, Chao Wu, Chaobin Wang, Chun Liu, Libo Fang, Lin Ma, Wenlong Zou, Boyi Yuan, Zeyu Ji, Bin Cai, Guangzhi Liu","doi":"10.31083/j.rcm2506215","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31083/j.rcm2506215","url":null,"abstract":"Background : Growing evidence suggests that concurrent ischaemic stroke (IS) exacerbates the prognosis of patients with dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) and that this effect may be further influenced by sex. However, the exact effect of sex remains unclear. This study aimed to explore the effects of the relevant risk factors on the prognosis of patients with DCM and concurrent IS. Considering the sex differences in DCM, this study further investigated the impact of concurrent IS on the prognosis of men and women with DCM. Methods : A total of 632 patients with DCM enrolled between 2016 and 2021 were included in this study. Clinical data were obtained from medical records, and all participants were followed up in the outpatient clinic or by telephone for at least 1 year. A Cox proportional hazards model and Kaplan–Meier curves were used to evaluate the effects of concurrent IS on the prognosis of patients with DCM. Results : Patients with DCM complicated with IS (DCM-IS) had significantly lower cumulative survival rates than patients with DCM without IS (non-IS) (74.6% vs. 84.2%, χ 2 = 6.85, p = 0.009). Additionally, IS was associated with greater risks of death and heart transplantation (HTx) in men (75.8% vs. 85.1%, χ 2 = 5.02, p = 0.025), but not in women (71.0% vs. 81.5%, χ 2 = 1.91, p = 0.167). Conclusions : This large-scale multicentre prospective cohort study demonstrated a poorer prognosis in patients with concurrent DCM and IS, particularly among men. Patients with DCM should not be overlooked in IS screening, emphasis should be placed on the occurrence of IS in patients with DCM. Early and proactive secondary prevention of cerebrovascular diseases might improve the prognosis of DCM patients. More intervention studies focusing on men with DCM complicated with IS should be prioritised.","PeriodicalId":20989,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in cardiovascular medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141341089","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Serum N-Terminal Pro-B-Type Natriuretic Peptide Level is Negatively Associated with Vascular Reactivity Index by Digital Thermal Monitoring in Patients with Hypertension.","authors":"Chien-Hao Hsiao, Chiu-Fen Yang, Ji-Hung Wang, Bang-Gee Hsu","doi":"10.31083/j.rcm2506214","DOIUrl":"10.31083/j.rcm2506214","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) coordinates endothelial homeostasis and remodeling, with endothelial dysfunction associated with cardiovascular mortality in the general population without heart failure. The objective of this study was to investigate the correlation between serum N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-pro-BNP) levels and endothelial dysfunction among patients diagnosed with hypertension.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional, single-center study included 90 patients with hypertension. An electrochemiluminescence immunoassay measured NT-pro-BNP levels, and a digital thermal monitoring device calculated a vascular reactivity index (VRI) as a measurement for endothelial function. In this study, VRI <math><mo><</mo></math> 1.0 denoted poor vascular reactivity, 1.0 <math><mo>≤</mo></math> VRI <math><mo><</mo></math> 2.0 indicated intermediate vascular reactivity, and a VRI <math><mo>≥</mo></math> 2.0 suggested good vascular reactivity.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Out of all the hypertensive patients, eight (8.9%) displayed poor vascular reactivity (VRI <math><mo><</mo></math> 1.0), while 39 (43.3%) exhibited intermediate vascular reactivity (1.0 <math><mo>≤</mo></math> VRI <math><mo><</mo></math> 2.0), leaving the remaining 43 patients demonstrating good vascular reactivity. Older age (<i>p</i> = 0.012) and elevated serum NT-pro-BNP levels (<i>p</i> <math><mo><</mo></math> 0.001) were found to be associated with poorer vascular reactivity. Older age (<i>r</i> = -0.221, <i>p</i> = 0.036) and log-transformed serum levels of NT-pro-BNP (log-NT-pro-BNP, <i>r</i> = -0.505, <i>p</i> <math><mo><</mo></math> 0.001) exhibited a negative correlation with VRI values in patients with hypertension. Following a multivariate linear regression test, serum log-NT-pro-BNP level ( <math><mi>β</mi></math> = -0.505, adjusted <math><msup><mi>R</mi> <mn>2</mn></msup> </math> change = 0.246, <i>p</i> <math><mo><</mo></math> 0.001) emerged as being significantly and independently associated with VRI values among hypertensive patients.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In patients with hypertension, there was a negative association observed between serum log-NT-pro-BNP levels and endothelial dysfunction determined by VRI values.</p>","PeriodicalId":20989,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in cardiovascular medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11270078/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141793350","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In-Hospital Adverse Events of Pheochromocytoma-Induced Takotsubo Syndrome: A Literature Review and Cluster Analysis of 172 Cases","authors":"Mei Xu, Qianglin Guan, Tianmin Liu, Yuxi Huang, Cunxue Pan, Liyun Luo, Wenyi Tang, Junwei Xu, Hsi Huang, Li Xiao, Kan Liu, Jian Chen","doi":"10.31083/j.rcm2506216","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31083/j.rcm2506216","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20989,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in cardiovascular medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141339851","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An Overview of Computational Coronary Physiology Technologies Based on Medical Imaging and Artificial Intelligence","authors":"Bin Li, Huaigang Chen, Hong Wang, Lang Hong, Liu Yang","doi":"10.31083/j.rcm2506211","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31083/j.rcm2506211","url":null,"abstract":"This article reviews four new technologies for assessment of coronary hemodynamics based on medical imaging and artificial intelligence, including quantitative flow ratio (QFR), optical flow ratio (OFR), computational fractional flow reserve (CT-FFR) and artificial intelligence (AI)-based instantaneous wave-free ratio (iFR). These technologies use medical imaging such as coronary angiography, computed tomography angiography (CTA), and optical coherence tomography (OCT), to reconstruct three-dimensional vascular models through artificial intelligence algorithms, simulate and calculate hemodynamic parameters in the coronary arteries, and achieve non-invasive and rapid assessment of the functional significance of coronary stenosis. This article details the working principles, advantages such as non-invasiveness, efficiency, accuracy, limitations such as image dependency, and assumption restrictions, of each technology. It also compares and analyzes the image dependency, calculation accuracy, calculation speed, and operation simplicity, of the four technologies. The results show that these technologies are highly consistent with the traditional invasive wire method, and shows distinct advantages in terms of accuracy, reliability, convenience and cost-effectiveness, but there are also factors that affect accuracy. The results of this review demonstrates that AI-based iFR technology is currently one of the most promising technologies. The main challenges and directions for future development are also discussed. These technologies bring new ideas for the non-invasive assessment of coronary artery disease, and are expected to promote the technological progress in this field.","PeriodicalId":20989,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in cardiovascular medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141349465","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Relationship of Waist Circumference with the Morbidity of Cardiovascular Diseases and All-Cause Mortality in Metabolically Healthy Individuals: A Population-Based Cohort Study","authors":"Yue Su, Jinyu Sun, Ying Zhou, Wei Sun","doi":"10.31083/j.rcm2506212","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31083/j.rcm2506212","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20989,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in cardiovascular medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141345363","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}