Psychological trauma : theory, research, practice and policy最新文献

{"title":"Maternal trauma exposure is linked to adult offspring's cognitive functioning in the context of mass violence.","authors":"Marie Chantal Ingabire, Serge Caparos, Eugène Rutembesa, Emmanuel Habimana, Isabelle Blanchette","doi":"10.1037/tra0001807","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/tra0001807","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to examine whether mothers' level of trauma exposure and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms are related to their offspring's cognitive functioning.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Mothers exposed to the 1994 genocide perpetrated against the Tutsi (<i>N</i> = 181) and one of their adult offspring were recruited in Rwanda. Mothers and their offspring answered questionnaires on sociodemographic information, the level of trauma exposure, and PTSD symptoms. They also performed a backward digit span task and a similarity task to assess their working memory and abstract reasoning, respectively. Hierarchical regression models were used to analyze the data.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Mothers' level of trauma exposure, but not PTSD symptoms, was significantly related to their offspring's abstract reasoning performance after controlling for offspring's age, sex, and economic status. The relationship between mothers' level of trauma exposure, PTSD symptoms, and their offspring's working memory performance was not significant. Offspring's education was significantly linked to their working memory and abstract reasoning performance.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The findings demonstrate that the intergenerational transmission of trauma can impact the cognitive functioning of the next generation. These results also illustrate the profound and long-term human impact of mass violence. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":20982,"journal":{"name":"Psychological trauma : theory, research, practice and policy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142473465","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Narratives on disclosure of sexual violence: Survivors' responses to public testimony to a high-profile case.","authors":"Theresa Brown, Elizabeth Michael, Emily Felber, Cheryl Gore-Felton, Christine Blasey Ford","doi":"10.1037/tra0001778","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/tra0001778","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Sexual violence is prevalent and associated with an elevated risk for physical health problems and psychological disorders. The social reactions survivors receive in response to disclosures of sexual violence can impact their postassault recovery. Many survivors do not disclose experiences of sexual violence, which can also complicate the course of recovery. The present study aims to further our understanding of survivors' experiences of sexual violence and their decisions to disclose or not disclose. The data set used is also of historical significance as it captures responses to one of the most public disclosures of sexual assault.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Qualitative themes were identified from unsolicited, de-identified personal correspondence (<i>n</i> = 91) from a large archive sent to Dr. Christine Blasey Ford after her public testimony in front of the Senate Judiciary Committee describing an alleged sexual assault.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Thematic analyses indicated five common negative reactions (i.e., dismissal, disbelief or denial, lack of repercussions for the perpetrator, retaliation, and victim blame) and two positive reactions (i.e., appropriate action and emotional support) in response to sexual violence disclosures. Reasons for nondisclosure included shame and fear of negative social reactions.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Findings suggest that the interpersonal act of sexual violence disclosure is a dynamic process that can have lasting effects on survivors and has implications for fostering a sociocultural climate that facilitates posttraumatic growth in the aftermath of sexual violence. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":20982,"journal":{"name":"Psychological trauma : theory, research, practice and policy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142473466","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Associations among combat exposure, adverse childhood experiences, moral injury, and posttraumatic growth in a large cohort of post-9/11 veterans.","authors":"Keith R Aronson, Nicole R Morgan, Carly E Doucette, Kimberly J McCarthy, Katie E Davenport, Daniel F Perkins","doi":"10.1037/tra0001793","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/tra0001793","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Post-9/11 veterans experienced more deployments, combat exposure, and disability than earlier military cohorts. Those in the military are also more likely to have experienced adverse childhood experiences. Despite these traumatic exposures, a substantial number of veterans report experiencing personal growth, development, and maturity from their military service.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>This longitudinal survey study (<i>n</i> = 5,245) examined the degree to which posttraumatic growth (PTG) was present among post-9/11 veterans. Several components of PTG were examined, including relating to others, seeing new possibilities, personal strength, spiritual growth, and appreciation for life.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Respondents rated their degree of personal growth and new appreciation of life most highly, while spiritual growth and appreciation of others were the least highly rated. Female veterans reported greater PTG. Veterans who experienced traumatic events (i.e., combat exposure, adverse childhood experiences), screened positive for posttraumatic stress disorder, and moral injury reported greater PTG than those who had not experienced those events or screened positive for posttraumatic stress disorder. Veterans reporting higher levels of social support and personal resilience were less likely to experience PTG. Veterans with other protective factors were more likely to experience PTG.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Post-9/11 veterans report PTG in the face of various traumatic exposures. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":20982,"journal":{"name":"Psychological trauma : theory, research, practice and policy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142473464","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of acceptance and commitment therapy on trauma-related symptoms: A systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Meaghan K Rowe-Johnson, Bridgette Browning, Brittany Scott","doi":"10.1037/tra0001785","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/tra0001785","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) is a third-wave cognitive behavioral therapy that has shown promise as an effective treatment for reducing trauma-related symptoms. Although there have been systematic reviews on the clinical effectiveness of ACT for posttraumatic stress disorder, there are no known meta-analyses published on the impact of ACT in adult populations with trauma-related symptoms. Hence, the purpose of this meta-analysis and systematic review was to update the literature and assess the effectiveness of ACT interventions for decreasing trauma-related distress in adults who have developed trauma symptoms following exposure to one or more traumatic events.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>A systematic review of the literature was completed, and between-groups random effects meta-analysis was conducted assessing trauma symptom reduction at the initial posttest. Subgroup analyses were also performed to assess differences between groups based on research design, type of trauma, and comparator group.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A meta-analysis of 11 studies revealed a moderate and statistically significant overall effect of ACT on symptom reduction at immediate posttest (Hedges' <i>g</i> = -.423, 95% CI [-.605, -.240]; <i>I</i>² = 25.75%), indicating that on average, those who received ACT interventions reported fewer trauma symptoms postintervention than those in various comparison groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Ultimately, this research provides additional evidence supporting the effectiveness of ACT interventions for clients reporting trauma-related concerns. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":20982,"journal":{"name":"Psychological trauma : theory, research, practice and policy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142392856","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adverse childhood experiences, cognitive functioning, depression, and anxiety in adulthood.","authors":"Hanaan Bing-Canar, Jane K Stocks, Humza Khan, Andrew A Rauch, Maximillian A Obolsky, Franchezka Lapitan-Moore, Matthew S Phillips, Jason R Soble, Neil H Pliskin, Woojin Song, Zachary J Resch","doi":"10.1037/tra0001637","DOIUrl":"10.1037/tra0001637","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Evidence suggests that adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) predict cognitive dysfunction, possibly through direct (e.g., brain structure/function changes) and indirect (e.g., increased psychopathology risk) pathways. However, extant studies have focused on young and older adults, with limited understanding of how ACEs affect cognitive health in midadulthood.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study compared psychiatric and cognitive differences between adults at high- and low-risk of adverse health outcomes based on the ACE risk classification scheme.</p><p><strong>Participants and setting: </strong>Adult patients (<i>N</i> = 211; 46.9% female; <i>M</i>_age = 44.1, SD = 17.1; <i>M</i>_education = 13.8, <i>SD</i> = 3.0) consecutively referred for outpatient neuropsychological evaluation within a large, Midwestern academic medical center.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Patients were divided into high and low ACE groups based on the number of ACEs endorsed. Subsequently, a series of one-way analyses of variances were conducted to compare high versus low ACE groups on the Test of Premorbid Functioning, Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-Fourth Edition Digit Span Test, Trail Making Test-Parts A and B, Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test, Beck Depression Inventory-II, and Beck Anxiety Inventory scores.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Significant group differences were detected for anxiety and depression with the high ACE group endorsing significantly greater depression and anxiety symptoms relative to the low ACE group. High and low ACE groups did not significantly differ on any cognitive measures.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Results indicate that an individual's psychological health, but not cognitive functioning, is impacted by the level of ACE exposure. Study findings highlight the importance of including ACE measures in neuropsychological evaluations, as it will aid in case conceptualization and tailoring treatment recommendations. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":20982,"journal":{"name":"Psychological trauma : theory, research, practice and policy","volume":" ","pages":"1139-1148"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139472619","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Leadership in moral awareness: Initial evidence from U.S. Army soldiers returning from deployment.","authors":"Ian A Gutierrez, Stephen W Krauss, Amy B Adler","doi":"10.1037/tra0001551","DOIUrl":"10.1037/tra0001551","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To determine whether moral awareness leadership moderated the relationship between combat experiences and soldier mental health symptoms following deployment.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>The Leadership in Moral Awareness Scale (LIMAS) was evaluated using anonymous surveys completed by 177 U.S. Army National Guardsmen. The survey also assessed general leadership, combat experiences, and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), anxiety, and depression symptoms. Following factor analyses of the LIMAS, moderated regression models examined interactions between the LIMAS and combat experiences on mental health symptoms.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Six items were selected to comprise the LIMAS. No main effect of the LIMAS was found for mental health variables after adjusting for general leadership. There were significant interaction effects between the LIMAS and combat experiences for depression and anxiety symptoms. Soldiers with higher levels of combat experiences reported fewer mental health symptoms if their leaders were rated highly on the LIMAS.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The LIMAS may offer a useful tool for assessing leader behaviors that can counteract negative mental health outcomes associated with combat. Findings provide support for encouraging leaders to focus on moral awareness during deployment. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":20982,"journal":{"name":"Psychological trauma : theory, research, practice and policy","volume":" ","pages":"1233-1237"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10435624","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"DSM-5 criterion-a-based trauma types in service members and veterans seeking treatment for posttraumatic stress disorder.","authors":"Natasha Benfer, Breanna Grunthal, Katherine A Dondanville, Stacey Young-McCaughan, Abby Blankenship, Chadi G Abdallah, Sudie E Back, Julianne Flanagan, Edna B Foa, Peter T Fox, John H Krystal, Brian P Marx, Donald D McGeary, Carmen P McLean, Kristi E Pruiksma, Patricia A Resick, John D Roache, Paulo Shiroma, Denise M Sloan, Daniel J Taylor, Jennifer Schuster Wachen, Argelio L López-Roca, Karin L Nicholson, Richard P Schobitz, Christian C Schrader, Allah-Fard M Sharrieff, Jeffrey S Yarvis, Jim Mintz, Terence M Keane, Alan L Peterson, Brett T Litz","doi":"10.1037/tra0001537","DOIUrl":"10.1037/tra0001537","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>In posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), the assumption of the equipotentiality of traumas ignores potentially unique contexts and consequences of different traumas. Accordingly, Stein et al. (2012) developed a reliable typing scheme in which assessors categorized descriptions of traumatic events into six \"types\": life threat to self (LTS), life threat to other, aftermath of violence (AV), traumatic loss, moral injury by self (MIS), and moral injury by other (MIO). We extended this research by validating the typing scheme using <i>participant endorsements of type</i>, rather than assesor-based types. We examined the concordance of participant and assesor types, frequency, and validity of participant-based trauma types by examining associations with baseline mental and behavioral health problems.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Interviewers enrolled military personnel and veterans (<i>N</i> = 1,443) in clinical trials of PTSD and helped them select the most currently distressing Criterion-A trauma. Participants and, archivally, assessors typed the distressing aspect(s) of this experience.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>AV was the most frequently participant-endorsed type, but LTS was the most frequently rated worst part of an event. Although participants endorsed MIS and MIO the least frequently, these were associated with worse mental and behavioral health problems. The agreement between participants and assessors regarding the worst part of the event was poor.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Because of discrepancies between participant and assessor typologies, clinical researchers should use participants' ratings, and these should trump assessor judgment. Differences in pretreatment behavioral and mental health problems across some participant-endorsed trauma types partially support the validity of the participant ratings. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":20982,"journal":{"name":"Psychological trauma : theory, research, practice and policy","volume":" ","pages":"1218-1228"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10770283/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9746835","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Longitudinal changes in children's and adolescents' mental health and well-being and associated protective factors during the COVID-19 pandemic.","authors":"Anat Shoshani","doi":"10.1037/tra0001556","DOIUrl":"10.1037/tra0001556","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The COVID-19 pandemic has heightened children's and adolescents' risk of experiencing long-term mental health problems and a decline in subjective well-being. To better understand the longitudinal impact of COVID-19, this study explored the role of demographic variables and the potential moderating effects of social support and daily routines as resilience factors.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>A nationally representative, longitudinal cohort of 5,217 Israeli children and adolescents aged 10-15 at baseline completed measures of mental health symptoms, life satisfaction, positive and negative emotions, gratitude, social support, and daily routines. Data were collected in school at four measurement points: September 2019 (before the outbreak of COVID-19; <i>N</i> = 5,127), May 2020 (after the first lockdown; <i>N</i> = 4,698), May 2021 (after the third wave lockdown; N = 4,813), and May 2022 (after the fourth and fifth waves of the pandemic; <i>N</i> = 4,897). The data were analyzed using multilevel mixed models.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Significant increases in depression, anxiety, and panic along with decreases in psychological well-being were found as a function of time. These effects were moderated by age and gender. Participants with high social support and structured daily routines reported smaller increases in mental health symptoms than students with low social support or irregular daily routines.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>There is a critical need for clinical and educational interventions for young people during this period to promote the resilience factors that can moderate well-being and counter the decline in mental health. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":20982,"journal":{"name":"Psychological trauma : theory, research, practice and policy","volume":" ","pages":"1158-1168"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9883090","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anger and suicidality in veterans: Impact of postseparation time and combat.","authors":"H Ryan Wagner, Megan Lanier, Kiera Molloy, Lynn Van Male, Mid-Atlantic Mental Illness Research Education And Clinical Center Workgroup, Eric B Elbogen","doi":"10.1037/tra0001599","DOIUrl":"10.1037/tra0001599","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The study investigated the association over time between the rates of anger/hostility and suicidality in post-9/11 veterans as a function of time following separation from the military and combat exposure.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Structured clinical interviews were conducted with <i>N</i> = 2,580 Iraq/Afghanistan-era U.S. military veterans serving since 9/11/01. For each participant, a postseparation interval was calculated as the time between military separation and the clinical interview, with a range of up to 9 years. Combat exposure was assessed using a three-level categorical proxy derived from the Combat Exposure Scale indexing levels of none, below, and above median exposure. Three separate estimates measuring anger/hostility and three separate measures of suicidality were modeled variously across separation intervals and levels of combat exposure.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In bivariate analyses, higher levels of combat exposure were associated with overall significantly higher levels of both anger/hostility and suicidality. Based on multivariable analyses, rates in measures indexing suicidality among veterans did not decrease as a function of the number of years postseparation. In contrast, rates in measures indexing anger/hostility among veterans endorsing above-median levels of combat exposure decreased significantly with increasing time since separation. Nonetheless, even at longer time points, both suicidality and anger/hostility remained elevated among respondents endorsing above-median combat exposure.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These findings illustrate the importance of implementing suicide prevention and anger management programs for postseparation adjustment as well as for the period beyond the immediate postseparation, with particular attention paid to the level of combat exposure experienced. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":20982,"journal":{"name":"Psychological trauma : theory, research, practice and policy","volume":" ","pages":"1198-1208"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71426399","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Social support as a differential moderator of the association between optimism, birth satisfaction, and postpartum acute stress symptoms of fathers and mothers.","authors":"Maor Kalfon-Hakhmigari, Jonathan E Handelzalts, Yulia Wilk Goldsher, Haim Krissi, Yoav Peled","doi":"10.1037/tra0001592","DOIUrl":"10.1037/tra0001592","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Childbirth can be a stressful event that leads to the development of acute stress. However, little is known about postpartum acute stress among mothers and even less among fathers. The current study aims to expand the understanding of postpartum acute stress symptoms by examining associations with dispositional optimism, subjective birth satisfaction, and social support in a moderated-mediation model.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Participants comprised 567 mothers and 109 fathers who gave/were present at birth, sampled at the maternity ward of a tertiary healthcare center. Self-report questionnaires were distributed a few days postpartum: demographic and obstetric information, dispositional optimism (Life Orientation Test-Revised), birth satisfaction (Birth Satisfaction Scale-Revised), social support (the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support), and acute stress symptoms (National Stressful Events Survey Acute Stress Disorder Short Scale).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>For mothers, birth satisfaction mediated the association between dispositional optimism and acute stress, and social support moderated the association between birth satisfaction and acute stress for all levels of social support (<i>B</i> = .14, <i>SE</i> = .05, CI [.05 to .23]). For fathers, a similar moderated-mediation occurred; however, at high levels of social support, the association between birth satisfaction and acute stress became insignificant (<i>B</i> = .17, <i>SE</i> = .08, CI [.02 to .32]; index of moderated-mediation = .08, [-.07 to .22]).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Optimism through birth satisfaction may reduce acute stress levels following childbirth among parents, while different effects of social support for fathers and mothers were discovered. For fathers, high levels of social support were found to eliminate the association between birth satisfaction and acute stress and therefore buffer the development of postpartum acute stress symptoms. This study took place in one healthcare center with mostly Jewish participants; further studies are thus needed for better generalization. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":20982,"journal":{"name":"Psychological trauma : theory, research, practice and policy","volume":" ","pages":"1083-1091"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41111093","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}