Recent patents on inflammation & allergy drug discovery最新文献

{"title":"Medications and Recent Patents for Status Asthmaticus in Children.","authors":"K. Hon, A. Leung","doi":"10.2174/1872213X11666170130143524","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1872213X11666170130143524","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND\u0000Status asthmaticus is an acute exacerbation of asthma that is persistent and intractable and remains unresponsive to initial treatment with bronchodilators and systemic corticosteroids and that the condition can result in hypoxemia, hypercarbia, and secondary respiratory failure.\u0000\u0000\u0000OBJECTIVE\u0000To review treatment and recent patents on management of status asthmaticus.\u0000\u0000\u0000METHOD\u0000A PubMed search was completed in Clinical Queries using the key term \"status asthmaticus\". The search included meta-analyses, randomized controlled trials, clinical trials, reviews and pertinent references. Patents were searched using the key term status \"asthmaticus\" from www.google.com/patents, www.uspto.gov, and www.freepatentsonline.com.\u0000\u0000\u0000RESULTS\u0000Supplemental oxygen should be given to maintain an oxygen saturation of ≥ 92% in room air. Mainstay of pharmacologic treatment of status asthmaticus includes short-acting, β2 agonists such as salbutamol (albuterol) administered by metered-dose inhaler with spacer or, preferably, by nebulizer and oral corticosteroids. There is no advantage to intravenous corticosteroids unless the child cannot tolerate oral corticosteroids (e.g., protracted vomiting), or unable to take oral corticosteroid (e.g., intubated or unconscious). Inhaled ipratropium bromide and intravenous magnesium sulfate should be considered in children with severe asthma exacerbations not responsive to conventional therapy. Subcutaneous and intramuscular β2 agonists such as terbutaline and epinephrine may be considered for children with severe asthma exacerbation who have poor air entry, are uncooperative with nebulized therapy, or have poor response to nebulized therapy. Monoclonal anti-IgE antibody (omalizumab) and humanized monoclonal antibodies targeting interleukin pathway have shown great promise in severe refractory eosinophilic asthma. Failing therapeutic interventions necessitate non-invasive or invasive ventilation support. Severe exhaustion, deteriorating consciousness, poor air entry, worsening hypoxemia, hypercapnia, and cardiopulmonary arrest are indications for mechanical ventilation and intubation. For chronic treatment of asthma, inhaled corticosteroids, bronchodilator, and oral montelukasts are the mainstay. Some formulations of herbal medicine are efficacious but evidence of other modalities of complementary and alternative medicine are generally lacking. This review also discusses recent patents related to the management of asthma. These recent patents describe a few immunomodulating medications useful for the treatment of chronic severe asthma. There have been no recent patents for the management of status asthmaticus.\u0000\u0000\u0000CONCLUSION\u0000Inhaled bronchodilators and systematic corticosteroids are the mainstay of therapy in the management of severe and status asthmaticus.","PeriodicalId":20960,"journal":{"name":"Recent patents on inflammation & allergy drug discovery","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2017-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48138010","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Flavone Analogues as Antimicrobial Agents.","authors":"K. Naik, Sivakumar Thangavel, A. Alam, Shailendra Kumar","doi":"10.2174/1872213X11666170119094702","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1872213X11666170119094702","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND\u0000Most of the available antimicrobial drugs have developed resistance, some of them suffer from severe toxicity and side effects. So, there is a need to discover novel compound(s) which should not only be potent, but also less toxic and cost effective.\u0000\u0000\u0000OBJECTIVES\u0000The aim of the study is to develop new synthetic antimicrobial agents (Anti-bacterial and anti-fungal) such as 3-substituted flavone/flavanone derivatives, which should be significantly potent with low toxicity.\u0000\u0000\u0000METHOD\u0000An attempt was made to synthesize a newer series of 3-methyl flavanone derivatives together with the synthesis of a series of 3- hydroxyl flavone analogues. The structures of the test compounds were elucidated and established by UV, IR, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR and mass spectrometry. The synthesized compounds were subjected for in vitro antimicrobial screening using cup plate methods, followed by the determination of zone of inhibitions.\u0000\u0000\u0000RESULT\u0000Two series (each 10) of 3-methyl flavanone and 3-hydroxy flavone derivatives were synthesized. The structures of the test compounds were characterized and established by various spectroscopic methods. The synthesized compounds were screened for in vitro antibacterial and antifungal activity against different strains (3-Gram positive, 3-Gram negative and 2- fungal strains).\u0000\u0000\u0000CONCLUSION\u0000Some of the 3- hydroxyl flavones derivatives (1b, 3b, 4b, and 5b) and 3- methyl flavanone derivatives (3a, 1a, 2a and 4a) were found to elicit potent antimicrobial activity. The study revealed that 3-hydroxy flavone derivatives were found to be most active against Gram negative, while 3-methyl flavanone derivatives were active against Gram positive bacteria.","PeriodicalId":20960,"journal":{"name":"Recent patents on inflammation & allergy drug discovery","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2017-01-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49231563","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Emerging Role of CD44 Receptor as a Potential Target in Disease Diagnosis: A Patent Review.","authors":"Shweta Pandey,&nbsp;Asiya Mahtab,&nbsp;Nishant Rai,&nbsp;Purnima Rawat,&nbsp;Farhan J Ahmad,&nbsp;Sushama Talegaonkar","doi":"10.2174/1872213X11666170907111858","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1872213X11666170907111858","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The CD44 receptor is a cell surface glycoprotein, which mediates many physiological and pathological activities. Its key role is to provide defence against inflammatory reactions by cellular transmigration and cell signalling. In pathological conditions, it gives destructive outcomes by mediating migration of pathogenic cells to vital organs resulting in tissue and organ damage. It binds to several ligands principally the hyaluronan.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This review explores CD44 structure, functions, and its potential as a disease indicator and therapeutic target.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>From a thorough literature review on the CD44 receptor, several patents of targeting approaches have been identified and herewith reviewed which recommend CD44-binding proteins, CD44-binding antibodies, antibody fragments, pharmaceutical compositions, as well as nucleic acids as a targeting moiety.</p><p><strong>Result: </strong>Applicability of CD44 overexpression and its targeting has now been extensively utilized in the disease diagnosis and real-time bio imaging of pathologic cells.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>A thorough understanding of CD44-receptor structure, expression and diverse functions towards different cell types would offer an opportunity to develop better therapeutic approaches in the near future by overcoming all the shortcomings of toxicity and efficacy. The present review includes recent patents of CD44 receptor targeting approaches that have been presented in the different agencies: European (EP), US, and World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) and a general analysis of the future developments and trends in this emerging area.</p>","PeriodicalId":20960,"journal":{"name":"Recent patents on inflammation & allergy drug discovery","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"35394749","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy Study of Lovastatin for Treating Bipolar Mood Disorder: A 4-Week Randomized Double-Blind, Placebo- Controlled Clinical Trial.","authors":"M. Lotfi, Sara Shafiee, A. Ghanizadeh, Motahar O Sigaroudi, Leila Razeghian","doi":"10.2174/1872213X10666161028153258","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1872213X10666161028153258","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND No trial has examined the effect of lovastatin on the brain metabolites in patients with bipolar mood disorder. OBJECTIVES Current medications for treating bipolar disorders cause metabolic syndrome. It is supposed that lovastatin not only decreases the rate of metabolic syndrome but also impacts some brain metabolites and their ratio like common treatments that are measured by Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy. METHODS 27 Manic phase patients were randomly allocated into two groups, lovastatin and placebo as their adjuant medication. Clinical symptoms were assessed at baseline, weeks 2, 4. The brain metabolites were measured at baseline and week 4. RESULT Regarding the change of clinical symptoms, no significant difference was found between two groups. However, lovastatin significantly increased the level of NAA in cingulate gyrus in comparison to the placebo group. Moreover, lovastatin more than placebo increased creatine in the left basal ganglia. Furthermore, choline/ creatine showed a significant decrease in the left basal ganglia in lovastatin group. CONCLUSION Using MRS after treating with lovastatin showed lovastatin increases NAA in cingulate gyrus, indicating the possible effect of NAA for increasing the reduced viable neuron. Moreover, the increment of Cr by lovastatin in the left basal ganglia suggests the role of lovastatin for maintaining energy homeostasis, anti-apoptotic activity and ATP production in bipolar disorder. Some patents using lovastatin as an adjuant therapy for treating bipolar patients and depression in MDD patients are also outlined. This trial was registered in the Iranian Clinical Trials Registry (http://www.irct.ir/) (IRCT201302203930N18).","PeriodicalId":20960,"journal":{"name":"Recent patents on inflammation & allergy drug discovery","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68048729","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Complementary, Alternative and Integrative Medicine for Childhood Atopic Dermatitis.","authors":"Kam Lun Hon,&nbsp;Alexander K C Leung,&nbsp;Theresa N H Leung,&nbsp;Vivian W Y Lee","doi":"10.2174/1872213X11666171128142333","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1872213X11666171128142333","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Atopic Dermatitis (AD) is a chronic relapsing dermatosis associated with itch, sleep disturbance and poor quality of life. Treatment of AD includes the use of emollients, and topical and systemic immunomodulating agents. Many patients also use complementary and alternative medicine (CAM).</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This article reviews the pathophysiology of AD, clinical trials and recent patents involving various modalities of CAM in the treatment of AD.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A Medline/Pubmed search was conducted using Clinical Queries with the key terms \"Chinese Medicine OR Complementary and Alternative medicine\" AND \"Eczema OR Atopic dermatitis\". The search strategy included meta-analyses, Randomized Controlled Trials (RCTs), clinical trials, reviews and pertinent references. Patents were searched using the key term \"atopic dermatitis\" from www.google.com/patents, www.uspto.gov, and www.freepatentsonline.com.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Only a few RCTs evaluated the efficacy of Chinese medicinal herbs in treating AD. There was some evidence for other modalities of CAM. Integrative Medicine (IM) usually refers to the various forms of CAM that combine conventional western medicine and Chinese medicine. Supporting evidence for the efficacy of IM in the treatment of AD is presently lacking. Integration is difficult. Western medicine practitioners are often ignorant about CAM and IM. Parents are concerned about the potential side effects of Western medicine and will tend to be non-compliant with the conventional Western component of IM. Recent patents on CAM and IM are reviewed. Most CAM patents are herbal compositions, evidence on their efficacy is generally lacking.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>AD is a complex disease. The psychodynamics of the child and his/her family is the reason for the often suboptimal outcomes. Both Western and CAM practitioners should collaborate to create a mutually encouraging environment for the advances of IM. CAM and IM publications and patents are reviewed. Evidence of their efficacy is generally lacking. Further research is needed.</p>","PeriodicalId":20960,"journal":{"name":"Recent patents on inflammation & allergy drug discovery","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"35296051","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Acute Otitis Media in Children.","authors":"Alexander K C Leung,&nbsp;Alex H C Wong","doi":"10.2174/1874609810666170712145332","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874609810666170712145332","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Acute otitis media is a common childhood infection. Prompt diagnosis and appropriate treatment are very important.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To review in depth the epidemiology, pathophysiology, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, complications and particularly treatment of acute otitis media in children.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A PubMed search was completed in Clinical Queries using the key term \"acute otitis media\". Patents were searched using the key term \"acute otitis media\" from www.google.com/patents, http://espacenet.com, and www.freepatentsonline.com.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Acute otitis media affects over 80% of children before their third birthday and 30 to 45% of these children have suffered two or more episodes. Streptococcus pneumoniae, nontypable Haemophilus influenzae, and Moraxella catarrhalis are the most frequently isolated middle-ear pathogens. The diagnosis is based on acute onset of symptoms such as otalgia and fever, middle ear inflammation such as erythema of the tympanic membrane, and middle ear effusion. The choice of treatment method depends on the age of the child, laterality, and the severity of the disease. Recent patents related to the management of acute otitis media are also retrieved and discussed.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Antimicrobial treatment is recommended for all children less than two years of age, as well as in children ≥ two years of age who have a temperature ≥ 39oC; are toxic looking; have otalgia > 48 hours; have bilateral otitis media or otorrhea; have craniofacial abnormalities; are immunocompromised; or have uncertain access to follow-up. Amoxicillin is the drug of choice. Observation without antibiotic is an option in immunocompetent children ≥ two years of age who have an acute uncomplicated otitis media and non-severe illness if appropriate follow-up can be arranged.</p>","PeriodicalId":20960,"journal":{"name":"Recent patents on inflammation & allergy drug discovery","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"35168011","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synthetic and Natural Nutritional Supplements: Health \"Allies\" or Risks to Public Health?","authors":"N. Kioukia-Fougia, N. Georgiadis, K. Tsarouhas, F. Vasilaki, Persefoni Fragiadaki, E. Meimeti, C. Tsitsimpikou","doi":"10.2174/1872213X10666160923163700","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1872213X10666160923163700","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND The modern way of life involves high stress levels, poor eating habits, lack of exercise, obesity and other detrimental health factors. Nutritional supplements (NS) are complexes of nutrients with variant activity that may infer reversal to nutrient depletion. They tend to be popular amongst social categories associated with the healthy life style, such as the elite and amateur athletes, military people and the general population. OBJECTIVE An overview of the state of play with regard to nutritional supplements - natural and synthetic-, is important both from toxicological and commercial point of view. METHOD From a thorough literature review on nutritional supplements, several patents of application have been identified and herewith reviewed which recommend natural vegetable extracts as food supplements for prophylaxis, therapy, protection of immune system, diabetes, oxidative stress, cancer, chronic inflammations and other health conditions. Besides, nutritional supplements of pharmacological validity and high popularity are discussed relative to their contents and group of use. RESULTS Cases of adulteration or unintentional contamination of commercial products with abusing substances (doping substances, narcotics etc.) or toxic compounds (heavy metals, plant toxics) have shed light to the problem of causing recalls of some products by the FDA. CONCLUSION From the safety/ quality point of view, NS lack of harmonisation and sovereign laws/ institutional controls on the market and their wide commercialization may possibly lead to risks to public health.","PeriodicalId":20960,"journal":{"name":"Recent patents on inflammation & allergy drug discovery","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2174/1872213X10666160923163700","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68047096","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Stevens Johnson Syndrome versus Jarisch Herxheimer Reaction in an HIV Positive Patient with Secondary Syphilis.","authors":"Sarah Micozzi,&nbsp;Patricia Rojas Perez-Ezquerra,&nbsp;Cristina Morales-Cabeza,&nbsp;Cristina Diez,&nbsp;Manuel De Barrio","doi":"10.2174/1872213X11666171026111648","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1872213X11666171026111648","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>HIV positive patients can suffer many complications due to infectious diseases. A sever drug reaction to some of the drugs involved in the treatment can overlap the symptoms of the infections, making the diagnosis very difficult. We present the case of a 28-year-old-man, HIV positive, with secondary syphilis, who developed a Stevens Johnson Syndrome (SJS) caused by one of the many drugs he received. The SJS was overlapped with a possible Jarisch Herxheimer Reaction, which complicated the diagnosis of the skin reaction.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>In HIV+ patients, the overlapping of severe drug reactions and infectious diseases could be fatal, thus an accurate diagnosis is mandatory.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>A Rapid Plasma Reagin Test (RPR), an ELISA test, a blood laboratory test, chest radiography and a skin biopsy were realized in order to diagnose the infectious disease and the cause of skin lesions. Intradermal tests and double blind challenge tests were realized in the allergy study.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The laboratory tests confirmed the diagnosis of syphilis; the skin biopsy confirmed the cause of lesions, a severe allergic reaction as a SJS. The allergy study discharged all the drugs involved, except dypirone which wasn't proved in the study because of the severity of reaction, the high possibility to be the causative drug and the alternative of other similar drugs available. For the inflammatory response, HIV+ patients are especially susceptible to severe reaction, both infectious and allergic, as in this case. Thus, recent patents emphasize the interest in inflammatory molecules that cause inflammatory symptoms.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Although the diagnose of SJS has established criteria, the possibility of overlapping with infectious illness and/or with its treatment, may complicate the diagnosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":20960,"journal":{"name":"Recent patents on inflammation & allergy drug discovery","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"35645229","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cytotoxicity and Anti-inflammatory Activity of Flavonoid Derivatives Targeting NF-kappaB.","authors":"K. Naik, Sivakumar Thangavel, A. Alam","doi":"10.2174/1872213X10666161114231625","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1872213X10666161114231625","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND Nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB) has been reported to regulate various genes involved in cancer and inflammation. Accordingly, drugs inhibiting NF-kappaB may possess both anti-inflammatory and anticancer properties. So there is a need to discover novel compounds which should not only be a potential lead but also less toxic and cost effective. OBJECTIVES The aim of the study was to develop new synthetic anti-inflammatory and cytotoxic agents targeting NF-kappaB. METHODS Test compounds were synthesized and characterized by UV, IR, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR and mass spectrometry. The synthesized compounds were evaluated for in vitro cytotoxicity by MTT assay against various cancer cell lines and in vivo anti-inflammatory in carrageenan-induced paw edema model. Selected compounds were subjected to cell cycle analysis using propidium iodide. Docking study was done into an active site of NF-kappaB using Auto Dock 4.2. RESULT Three series of compounds were synthesized and characterized by various spectroscopic techniques. The test compounds (10b), (1c) and (2c) were found to be the most potent anti-inflammatory agents, whereas compounds such as (10b), (6b), (4b), (2b), (6a), (4a), (5c) and (3c) have shown promising cytotoxicity in different cancer cell lines, followed by cell cycle analysis of selected compounds ((10b) and (4b)). The free energy of binding of ligands was in the range between -6.47 to -12.50.Kcal/ mole. CONCLUSION compound (10b) was found to be the most potent as both anti-inflammatory and cytotoxic agents. In silico approach was in good tune with the wet lab experiments. The promising compounds have shown to induce cell cycle arrest at G2/M Phase.","PeriodicalId":20960,"journal":{"name":"Recent patents on inflammation & allergy drug discovery","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2174/1872213X10666161114231625","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68048739","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recent Patents and Emerging Therapeutics on Ocular Inflammation and Allergy.","authors":"Vibhuti Agrahari,&nbsp;Zach Aulgur,&nbsp;Siddhant Thukral,&nbsp;Nikhil Dhall,&nbsp;Ryan Conley,&nbsp;Ashim K Mitra","doi":"10.2174/1872213X11666170913150146","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1872213X11666170913150146","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Ocular inflammation and allergic eye diseases range from mild to severe may disturb visual function and affect` quality of life. Since these diseases require intensive therapies, the pathophysiology and treatments of these conditions are highlighted.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The ocular diseases caused by inflammation and allergy are extensively studied in this review to provide an overview of the newer compounds, novel delivery approaches, preclinical and clinical trials for the treatment of allergic conjunctivitis, dry eye syndrome, and uveitis.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>The eye is divided into two segments; anterior and posterior. Both segments provide barriers to the drug delivery to the eye. Despite many efforts by scientists, several potential drug candidates are often dropped from the initial screening portfolio due to failure in overcoming these barriers. Thus to overcome unmet challenges, remarkable progresses have been made towards the design of novel ocular therapeutics with enhanced activity and minimal toxicity to the ocular tissue. A comprehensible understanding of the diseased conditions, physiological barriers and pharmacokinetics of the eye would significantly accelerate the development of new therapeutics. Moreover, identification of new targets drives the discovery of novel drug molecules for the ocular disease treatment.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The advancement in the drug discovery and dosage from design showcases the increasing number of patent applications being filed and issued for allergic conjunctivitis, dry eye syndrome, and uveitis. In addition, preclinical and clinical trials are now becoming available showing the newer generation of ocular drugs.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This review presented a brief background on the disease condition, types, treatment, advancement in the delivery approaches, focus on emerging therapeutics, related patents and clinical trials for the treatment of allergic conjunctivitis, dry eye syndrome, and uveitis.</p>","PeriodicalId":20960,"journal":{"name":"Recent patents on inflammation & allergy drug discovery","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"35403500","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}