Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences最新文献

{"title":"Translating social incentive deficits in treatment-resistant schizophrenia into rehabilitation targets.","authors":"Chungh-Hua Peng, Lien-Chung Wei","doi":"10.1111/pcn.70120","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/pcn.70120","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This article relates to Translating social incentive deficits in treatment-resistant schizophrenia into rehabilitation targets.</p>","PeriodicalId":20938,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2026-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148797632","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comment on 'Cognitive & Behavioral Assessment Toolbox (CBAT): An open-source platform supporting experiments in computational psychiatry'.","authors":"Maajid Mohi Ud Din Malik","doi":"10.1111/pcn.70121","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/pcn.70121","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This article relates to cognitive & behavioral assessment toolbox (CBAT): An open-source platform supporting experiments in computational psychiatry.</p>","PeriodicalId":20938,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2026-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148797455","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Parkinson's disease under dopamine replacement therapy as a human framework for studying addiction-relevant mechanisms.","authors":"Vanessa Fleury, Elvira Pirondini, Damien Benis, Tiffany Corbet, Gabriel Thorens, Christian Lüscher, Paul Krack","doi":"10.1111/pcn.70118","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/pcn.70118","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Addiction is a chronic relapsing condition characterized by compulsive reward seeking and impaired behavioral control, associated with major individual and societal burden. Mechanistic investigation in humans remains constrained by ethical limitations, uncontrolled exposure histories, and ecological confounds. Parkinson's disease treated with dopamine replacement therapy provides a human framework for investigating addiction-relevant mechanisms under controlled dopaminergic modulation. We performed a narrative synthesis of clinical, neuropsychological, pharmacological, neuroimaging, and electrophysiological evidence linking impulse control disorders and dopamine dysregulation syndrome in Parkinson's disease to dimensional and circuit-based models of addiction. We examined phenotypic and neurobiological convergences, experimental opportunities, and translational relevance while outlining its boundary conditions. A subset of Parkinson's disease patients exposed to dopamine replacement treatment develops impulse control disorders and dopamine dysregulation syndrome. Impulse control disorders comprise heterogeneous behavioral phenotypes that share selected dimensions with behavioral addictions, whereas dopamine dysregulation syndrome most closely approximates pharmacological substance use disorders. These phenotypes share selected addiction-related dimensions, including craving, impaired control, compulsive reward-seeking, and persistence despite harm, while showing partial clinical and neurobiological convergence with behavioral addictions and substance use disorders. Parkinson's disease patients with neuropsychiatric fluctuations may represent a sensitized vulnerability state in which dopaminergic modulation dynamically influences reward processing, motivation, and compulsive behaviors. Parkinson's disease under dopamine replacement therapy enables within-subject dopaminergic manipulation, longitudinal observation, prospective assessment of vulnerability traits, multimodal neurobiological investigation, and reduced environmental confounding. It therefore provides a unique human window for investigating addiction-relevant mechanisms under controlled dopaminergic modulation, complementing animal models while remaining constrained by disease-specific boundary conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":20938,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2026-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148713543","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Newly recorded psychiatric diagnoses among 21 million youth before, during, and after COVID-19 restrictions: A nationwide interrupted time-series analysis.","authors":"Naomi Matsumoto, Hisashi Ishida, Shunsaku Hayase, Takahiro Asada, Yoshie Shigeyasu, Ayumi Okada, Tomoya Hirota, Takashi Yorifuji","doi":"10.1111/pcn.70117","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/pcn.70117","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>The COVID-19 pandemic had substantial effects on youth mental health. Most previous studies focused on the initial pandemic years, leaving the post-restriction period underexplored. We examined trajectories of newly recorded psychiatric diagnoses among Japanese youths across two policy shifts: March 2020 school closures and May 2023 reclassification of COVID-19 as an influenza-equivalent Category V disease.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted an interrupted time-series analysis using the National Database of Health Insurance Claims, covering over 99% of the Japanese population. The study included 21 million individuals aged under 19 years to analyze monthly trends in first recorded psychiatric diagnoses from January 2018 to March 2024. Segmented negative binomial regression was used to estimate shifts in levels and trends following both policy interventions.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Following the 2020 closures, eating disorders showed sex-specific patterns: males showed an immediate 28.8% decrease (IRR 0.712, 95% CI 0.619-0.819), whereas females showed a 28.4% increase (IRR 1.284, 95% CI 1.045-1.576). Newly recorded ADHD diagnoses showed an 8.1% immediate decrease (IRR 0.919, 95% CI 0.847-0.997). During the restriction period, anxiety/stress-related and mood disorders showed apparent surge patterns following infection waves. After restrictions were lifted in 2023, eating disorders among males showed an upward level shift (IRR 1.214, 95% CI 1.076-1.370). Neurodevelopmental disorders showed preliminary downward trends in the post-restriction period.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This nationwide study of 21 million youths suggested differential diagnostic patterns across pandemic phases. These contrasting trajectories highlight the need for subgroup-level post-pandemic diagnostic surveillance.</p>","PeriodicalId":20938,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2026-08-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148707285","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Altered IRF1-miR-20a-5p regulatory axis in the hippocampus of patients with major depressive disorder.","authors":"Mariko Okano, Yuta Yoshino, Anuj K Verma, Hiroshi Kumon, Hiroaki Mori, Motoyasu Hosokawa, Jun-Ichi Iga, Yogesh Dwivedi, Akihide Takeuchi, Shu-Ichi Ueno","doi":"10.1111/pcn.70111","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/pcn.70111","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>Neuroinflammation has been implicated in the pathogenesis of major depressive disorder (MDD), with interferon regulatory factor 1 (IRF1) playing a potential role. MicroRNAs (miRs) are also involved in MDD through posttranscriptional regulation of gene expression. This study investigated whether miR-20a-5p regulates IRF1 in MDD.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>IRF1 mRNA and miR-20a-5p expression levels were measured by qPCR in postmortem hippocampi from 14 MDD subjects and 14 controls, and in chronic social defeat stress (CSDS) mice. Their regulatory relationship was examined in HEK293 cells using miR-20a-5p overexpression and a dual-luciferase assay. Neuro2a cells treated with DMSO were used to evaluate the effects of cellular stress on Irf1 and miR-20a-5p expression.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>IRF1 mRNA and miR-20a-5p expression levels were significantly increased in both MDD hippocampi and CSDS mice. Luciferase assays showed that miR-20a-5p directly targeted the conserved seed sequence within the IRF1 3'-UTR and suppressed IRF1 expression. During the early phase of cellular stress, Irf1 mRNA was upregulated, whereas miR-20a-5p was downregulated, suggesting that stress initially induces Irf1 expression, followed by secondary regulation of miR-20a-5p.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>IRF1 mRNA expression was increased in the hippocampus of both MDD subjects and CSDS mice. Moreover, miR-20a-5p directly targeted the IRF1 3'-UTR, supporting a potential miR-20a-5p-IRF1 regulatory axis involved in inflammatory signaling in MDD. However, its functional significance in vivo remains to be determined.</p>","PeriodicalId":20938,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2026-08-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148664485","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Time zero alignment in target trial emulation of VMAT2 inhibitors versus anticholinergics for tardive dyskinesia.","authors":"Yuki Matsuda, Yuta Suzuki","doi":"10.1111/pcn.70089","DOIUrl":"10.1111/pcn.70089","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This article relates to Time zero alignment in target trial emulation of VMAT2 inhibitors versus anticholinergics for tardive dyskinesia.</p>","PeriodicalId":20938,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences","volume":" ","pages":"703-704"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13447121/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148056439","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"PCN Art Brut Series No. 52, Artwork Description.","authors":"Kenjiro Hosaka, Yoji Hirano","doi":"10.1111/pcn.70116","DOIUrl":"10.1111/pcn.70116","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20938,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences","volume":"80 8","pages":"707"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13447118/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148685719","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimizing Management of Treatment-Resistant Schizophrenia in Japan: Promoting a Refined Clozapine Titration Protocol and Addressing the 'Clozapine Ceiling' through Glutamatergic Modulation.","authors":"Takahiko Nagamine","doi":"10.1111/pcn.70093","DOIUrl":"10.1111/pcn.70093","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20938,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences","volume":" ","pages":"696-697"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13447119/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148227075","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Response to commentary \"Hypnotic-associated falls across the diurnal cycle: Pharmacokinetic signal or delirium rhythm?\"","authors":"Kazuhiro Shishida, Yutaro Shimomura, Masayuki Murayama, Kimio Yoshimura, Hiroyuki Uchida, Masaru Mimura, Hiroyoshi Takeuchi","doi":"10.1111/pcn.70097","DOIUrl":"10.1111/pcn.70097","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This article relates to Response to commentary \"Hypnotic-associated falls across the diurnal cycle: pharmacokinetic signal or delirium rhythm?\"</p>","PeriodicalId":20938,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences","volume":" ","pages":"701-702"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13447126/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148346207","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of electroconvulsive therapy on cerebellar-cerebral functional connectivity in patients with treatment-resistant depression and their correlations with gene expression profiles.","authors":"Leyi Zhang, Yiding Han, Dongsheng Lv, Ping Yao, Lixia Chen, Yonggui Yuan, Jingping Zhao, Wenbin Guo, Zhiguo Guo, Yangpan Ou","doi":"10.1111/pcn.70071","DOIUrl":"10.1111/pcn.70071","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is an effective intervention for treatment-resistant depression (TRD). Although prior studies have identified cerebellar functional alterations following ECT, cerebellar-cerebral functional connectivity (FC) changes remain insufficiently explored.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Cerebellar seeds were defined based on prior connectivity studies, targeting cerebellar regions functionally coupled with executive, default-mode, and affective-limbic networks. Seed-based cerebellar-cerebral FC analyses were conducted using neuroimaging data from 72 patients with TRD (52 of whom completed post-ECT assessment) and 63 healthy controls (HCs). Correlation analyses assessed clinical associations, and support vector regression was applied to predict treatment response using baseline FC. Neuroimaging-transcriptomic association analyses were conducted to identify gene expression patterns correlated with post-ECT FC alterations.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Compared to HCs, patients with TRD exhibited decreased cerebellar connectivity with the sensorimotor network (SMN) and the default-mode network (DMN). Following ECT, TRD patients showed significant alleviation of depressive symptoms, which was accompanied by a marked increase in cerebellar-DMN connectivity. Enhanced FCs between the left Crus II_Exec2 and the bilateral medial superior frontal gyrus were positively correlated with Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAMD) score reduction (r = 0.343, P = 0.026). Additionally, baseline FC of the left Crus II_Exec2 significantly predicted HAMD reduction (r = 0.412, P < 0.001). Neuroimaging-transcription association analysis revealed these FC alterations were associated with normative gene patterns enriched in synaptic signaling, ion channel, and chromatin remodeling.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>TRD is associated with reduced cerebellar-SMN and cerebellar-DMN connectivity. ECT may enhance cerebellar-DMN connectivity, potentially contributing to antidepressant effects.</p>","PeriodicalId":20938,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences","volume":" ","pages":"655-664"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13447124/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147842014","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}