Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences最新文献

{"title":"It is still an open question whether cortisol levels, neuroticism, and traumatic events are associated with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD).","authors":"Guilherme Nobre Nogueira, Antônia Gleiciane Marques Andrade, Tiago Tanimoto Ribeiro, Sérgio André de Souza Júnior, Fabio Gomes de Matos E Souza, Luísa Weber Bisol","doi":"10.1111/pcn.13769","DOIUrl":"10.1111/pcn.13769","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20938,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences","volume":" ","pages":"78"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142839121","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"New finding of brain molecular mechanisms of obsessive-compulsive disorder may uncover those of treatment-resistant cases.","authors":"Hidenori Yamasue","doi":"10.1111/pcn.13765","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/pcn.13765","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20938,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences","volume":"79 2","pages":"47"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143080740","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Response to [It is still an open question if cortisol levels, neuroticism and traumatic events are associated with PTSD].","authors":"Jae-Min Kim, Hee-Ju Kang, Ju-Wan Kim, Hyunseok Jang, Jung-Chul Kim, Byung Jo Chun, Ju-Yeon Lee, Sung-Wan Kim, Il-Seon Shin","doi":"10.1111/pcn.13776","DOIUrl":"10.1111/pcn.13776","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20938,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences","volume":" ","pages":"79-80"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142839122","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Serotonergic underpinnings of obsessive-compulsive disorder: A systematic review and meta-analysis of neuroimaging findings.","authors":"Martin Pastre, Bob-Valéry Occéan, Vincent Boudousq, Ismael Conejero, Pascale Fabbro-Peray, Laurent Collombier, Luc Mallet, Jorge Lopez-Castroman","doi":"10.1111/pcn.13760","DOIUrl":"10.1111/pcn.13760","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a frequent and disabling condition, with many patients being treatment-resistant. Improved understanding of its neurobiology is vital for better therapies. Evidence is still conflicting regarding specific serotonergic-related dysfunctions in OCD. We systematically reviewed the literature to provide a quantitative assessment of the role of serotonin (5-HT) in patients with untreated OCD through imaging. We searched for neuroimaging studies investigating central 5-HT tonus in unmedicated patients with OCD, excluding studies comprising treated patients to prevent bias from antidepressant-induced changes in serotonergic tonus. We also conducted a meta-analysis using a homogeneous group of positron emission tomography and single photon emission computed tomography articles that compared 5-HT transporter (SERT) and 5-HT2A receptor (HT2AR) binding potential in different brain regions of patients with untreated OCD and healthy controls. The systematic review encompassed 18 articles, with 13 included in the subsequent meta-analysis. Risk of bias was assessed by a revised form of the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. We provided standardized mean difference (SMD) values for SERT and 5-HT2AR binding potential measures across 15 different brain regions. Patients with OCD showed lower SERT binding potential in the brainstem (SMD = -1.13, 95% CI [-1.81 to -0.46]), midbrain (SMD = -0.54, 95% CI [-0.92 to -0.16]), and thalamus/hypothalamus regions (SMD = -0.58, 95% CI [-0.99 to -0.18]) with neglectable to moderate heterogeneity. By combining results from 2 decades of molecular imaging studies, we show that individuals with OCD exhibit lower SERT binding potential in specific brain regions, providing compelling evidence of a 5-HT system dysfunction. However, the exact mechanisms underlying this phenotype remain elusive. The limitations include heterogeneity across studies in populations, imaging techniques, and radiotracer usage.</p>","PeriodicalId":20938,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences","volume":" ","pages":"48-59"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11789457/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142606149","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Abnormal choroid plexus, hippocampus, and lateral ventricles volumes as markers of treatment-resistant major depressive disorder.","authors":"Beatrice Bravi, Marco Paolini, Melania Maccario, Chiara Milano, Laura Raffaelli, Elisa Maria Teresa Melloni, Raffaella Zanardi, Cristina Colombo, Francesco Benedetti","doi":"10.1111/pcn.13764","DOIUrl":"10.1111/pcn.13764","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>One-third of patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) do not achieve full remission and have high relapse rates even after treatment, leading to increased medical costs and reduced quality of life and health status. The possible specificity of treatment-resistant depression (TRD) neurobiology is still under investigation, with risk factors such as higher inflammatory markers being identified. Given recent findings on the role of choroid plexus (ChP) in neuroinflammation and hippocampus in treatment response, the aim of the present study was to evaluate inflammatory- and trophic-related differences in these regions along with ventricular volumes among patients with treatment-sensitive depression (TSD), TRD, and healthy controls (HCs).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>ChP, hippocampal, and ventricular volumes were assessed in 197 patients with MDD and 58 age- and sex-matched HCs. Volumes were estimated using FreeSurfer 7.2. Treatment resistance status was defined as failure to respond to at least two separate antidepressant treatments. Region of interest volumes were then compared among groups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We found higher ChP volumes in patients with TRD compared with patients with TSD and HCs. Our results also showed lower hippocampal volumes and higher lateral ventricular volumes in TRD compared with both patients without TRD and HCs.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These findings corroborate the link between TRD and neuroinflammation, as ChP volume could be considered a putative marker of central immune activity. The lack of significant differences in all of the region of interest volumes between patients with TSD and HCs may highlight the specificity of these features to TRD, possibly providing new insights into the specific neurobiological underpinnings of this condition.</p>","PeriodicalId":20938,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences","volume":" ","pages":"69-77"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11789456/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142676588","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"PCN Art Brut Series No. 43, Artwork Description.","authors":"Kenjiro Hosaka","doi":"10.1111/pcn.13795","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/pcn.13795","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20938,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences","volume":"79 2","pages":"81"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143080871","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chain of Risks Evaluation (CORE): A framework for safer large language models in public mental health.","authors":"Lingyu Li, Shuqi Kong, Haiquan Zhao, Chunbo Li, Yan Teng, Yingchun Wang","doi":"10.1111/pcn.13781","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/pcn.13781","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Large language models (LLMs) have gained significant attention for their capabilities in natural language understanding and generation. However, their widespread adoption potentially raises public mental health concerns, including issues related to inequity, stigma, dependence, medical risks, and security threats. This review aims to offer a perspective within the actor-network framework, exploring the technical architectures, linguistic dynamics, and psychological effects underlying human-LLMs interactions. Based on this theoretical foundation, we propose four categories of risks, presenting increasing challenges in identification and mitigation: universal, context-specific, user-specific, and user-context-specific risks. Correspondingly, we introduce CORE: Chain of Risk Evaluation, a structured conceptual framework for assessing and mitigating the risks associated with LLMs in public mental health contexts. Our approach suggests viewing the development of responsible LLMs as a continuum from technical to public efforts. We summarize technical approaches and potential contributions from mental health practitioners that could help evaluate and regulate risks in human-LLMs interactions. We propose that mental health practitioners could play a crucial role in this emerging field by collaborating with LLMs developers, conducting empirical studies to better understand the psychological impacts on human-LLMs interactions, developing guidelines for LLMs use in mental health contexts, and engaging in public education.</p>","PeriodicalId":20938,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143034098","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of online high-definition transcranial direct current stimulation over left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex on predominant negative symptoms and EEG functional connectivity in patients with schizophrenia: a randomized, double-blind, controlled trial.","authors":"Ta-Chuan Yeh, Yen-Yue Lin, Nian-Sheng Tzeng, Yu-Chen Kao, Yong-An Chung, Chuan-Chia Chang, Hsu-Wei Fang, Hsin-An Chang","doi":"10.1111/pcn.13745","DOIUrl":"10.1111/pcn.13745","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>Schizophrenia, a debilitating mental disorder, is characterized by persistent negative symptoms such as avolition and anhedonia. Currently, there are no effective treatments available for these symptoms. Thus, our study aims to assess the efficacy of online high-definition transcranial direct current stimulation (online HD-tDCS) in addressing the negative symptoms of schizophrenia, utilizing a double-blind, randomized, sham-controlled trial design.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Fifty-nine patients with schizophrenia were randomized to receive either active HD-tDCS or sham stimulation, targeting the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex. Outcomes were measured by changes in the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale Factor Score for Negative Symptom (PANSS-FSNS). Exact low-resolution electromagnetic tomography was used to assess the functional connectivity.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>All 59 participants, including 50.84% females with an average age of 43.36 years, completed the trial. In the intention-to-treat analysis, patients receiving active HD-tDCS showed greater improvement in PANSS-FSNS scores compared to those receiving the sham procedure. The differences were 2.34 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.28-3.40), 4.28 (95% CI, 2.93-5.62), and 4.91 (95% CI, 3.29-6.52) after the intervention, as well as at 1-week and 1-month follow-ups, respectively. A tingling sensation on the scalp was more common in the active group (63.3%) compared to the sham group (10.3%). Additionally, HD-tDCS was associated with a decrease in delta-band connectivity within the default mode network.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>High-definition transcranial direct current stimulation was effective and safe in ameliorating negative symptoms in patients with schizophrenia when combined with online functional targeting.</p>","PeriodicalId":20938,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences","volume":" ","pages":"2-11"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142352793","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"New treatment options for negative symptoms in schizophrenia.","authors":"Toshiaki Onitsuka","doi":"10.1111/pcn.13763","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/pcn.13763","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20938,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences","volume":"79 1","pages":"1"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142915494","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rare nonsynonymous germline and mosaic de novo variants in Japanese patients with schizophrenia.","authors":"Yuichiro Watanabe, Masaki Nishioka, Ryo Morikawa, Satoko Takano-Isozaki, Hirofumi Igeta, Kanako Mori, Tadafumi Kato, Toshiyuki Someya","doi":"10.1111/pcn.13758","DOIUrl":"10.1111/pcn.13758","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>Whole-exome sequencing (WES) studies have revealed that germline de novo variants (gDNVs) contribute to the genetic etiology of schizophrenia. However, the contribution of mosaic DNVs (mDNVs) to the risk of schizophrenia remains to be elucidated. In the present study, we systematically investigated the gDNVs and mDMVs that contribute to the genetic etiology of schizophrenia in a Japanese population.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We performed deep WES (depth: 460×) of 73 affected offspring and WES (depth: 116×) of 134 parents from 67 families with schizophrenia. Prioritized rare nonsynonymous gDNV and mDNV candidates were validated using Sanger sequencing and ultra-deep targeted amplicon sequencing (depth: 71,375×), respectively. Subsequently, we performed a Gene Ontology analysis of the gDNVs and mDNVs to obtain biological insights. Lastly, we selected DNVs in known risk genes for psychiatric and neurodevelopmental disorders.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We identified 62 gDNVs and 98 mDNVs. The Gene Ontology analysis of mDNVs implicated actin filament and actin cytoskeleton as candidate biological pathways. There were eight DNVs in known risk genes: splice region gDNVs in AKAP11 and CUL1; a frameshift gDNV in SHANK1; a missense gDNV in SRCAP; missense mDNVs in CTNNB1, GRIN2A, and TSC2; and a nonsense mDNV in ZFHX4.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our results suggest the potential contributions of rare nonsynonymous gDNVs and mDNVs to the genetic etiology of schizophrenia. This is the first report of the mDNVs in schizophrenia trios, demonstrating their potential relevance to schizophrenia pathology.</p>","PeriodicalId":20938,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences","volume":" ","pages":"37-44"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142506838","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}