Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences最新文献

{"title":"Intermittent theta burst stimulation for negative symptoms in schizophrenia patients with moderate to severe cognitive impairment: A randomized controlled trial.","authors":"Jing Li, Dan Jiang, Xingyu Huang, Xiao Wang, Tingting Xia, Wei Zhang","doi":"10.1111/pcn.13779","DOIUrl":"10.1111/pcn.13779","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>This study aims to assess the therapeutic effects of intermittent theta burst stimulation (iTBS) targeting the bilateral dorsomedial prefrontal cortex (DMPFC) on negative symptoms in patients with schizophrenia, utilizing functional near-infrared spectroscopy for evaluation.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Thirty-five schizophrenia patients with negative symptoms and moderate to severe cognitive impairment were randomly assigned to a treatment group (n = 18) or a control group (n = 17). The treatment group received iTBS via bilateral DMPFC. Negative symptoms, cognitive function, emotional state, and social function were assessed using Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS), Scale for the Assessment of Negative Symptoms (SANS), Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), Calgary Depression Scale for Schizophrenia (CDSS), and Social Dysfunction Screening Questionnaire (SDSS) scales at pretreatment, posttreatment, and follow-up at 4, 8, and 12 weeks. Brain activation in regions of interest (ROIs) was evaluated through verbal fluency tasks.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Prior to treatment there was no significant difference in the two groups. After 20 iTBS sessions, a significant difference was observed in SANS total score, its related subscales, PANSS total score, and PANSS-negative symptoms (all P < 0.05). The group-by-time interaction showed statistical significance, indicating improvements in negative symptoms and related dimensions over time, with therapeutic effects persisting for at least 8 weeks posttreatment. Prior to treatment, there were no significant differences in activation across all ROIs between the two groups. Posttreatment, the activation of right inferior frontal gyrus (t = 2.19, P = 0.036) and right frontal eye field (t = 2.14, P = 0.04) in the treatment group was significantly higher than in the control group.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>iTBS stimulation of bilateral DMPFC demonstrates therapeutic effects in improving negative symptoms in schizophrenia patients, and this treatment approach has the potential to enhance activation within the prefrontal cortex.</p>","PeriodicalId":20938,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences","volume":" ","pages":"147-157"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143067553","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transdiagnostic approach for neuropsychiatric symptoms using neuroimage.","authors":"Shinsuke Koike","doi":"10.1111/pcn.13801","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/pcn.13801","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20938,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences","volume":"79 4","pages":"137"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143764728","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"PCN Art Brut Series No. 44, Artwork Description.","authors":"Kenjiro Hosaka","doi":"10.1111/pcn.13820","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/pcn.13820","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20938,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences","volume":"79 4","pages":"209"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143764357","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Predictive value of kynurenine pathway metabolites in the severity of patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder.","authors":"Hamit Hakan Alp, Faruk Kurhan, Halil İbrahim Akbay","doi":"10.1111/pcn.13819","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/pcn.13819","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a psychiatric condition characterized by repetitive thoughts and behaviors. The kynurenine pathway has been increasingly implicated in psychiatric disorders. This study aimed to investigate the predictive value of kynurenine pathway metabolites, including serotonin and tryptophan, in patients with varying degrees of OCD.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>One hundred fifty OCD patients and 30 healthy controls were included in this study. Patients were divided into mild-moderate, severe, and extremely severe OCD groups based on their Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale (Y-BOCS) scores. Serum levels of serotonin, tryptophan, kynurenine, kynurenic acid, indolamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO), tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase (TDO), 3-hydroxykynurenine, quinolinic acid and picolinic acid were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Logistic regression and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis were performed to evaluate the predictive value of these analytes for OCD severity.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Serotonin and tryptophan levels were significantly decreased in OCD patients compared to healthy controls, while kynurenine pathway metabolites were significantly increased in patients with OCD. Serum levels of kynurenine pathway metabolites increased with severity in OCD patients. As a result of ROC analysis, serotonin, tryptophan and kynurenine pathway metabolites had higher AUC values in distinguishing OCD patients from healthy volunteers, while kynurenine and tryptophan had higher AUC values in distinguishing disease severity.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study clarifies the role of the kynurenine pathway in the pathophysiology of OCD and suggests that kynurenine pathway metabolites, especially kynurenine, may serve as useful biomarkers to diagnose and differentiate OCD severity. Further research is needed to confirm these findings and explore therapeutic implications.</p>","PeriodicalId":20938,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143753821","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Two-year impact of COVID-19: Longitudinal MRI brain changes and neuropsychiatric trajectories.","authors":"Ravi Dadsena, Julia Walders, Ana S Costa, Sophie Wetz, Sandro Romanzetti, Stella Andrea Lischewski, Christina Krockauer, Josephine Heine, Lars Schlenker, Pia Klabunn, Katia Schwichtenberg, Tim J Hartung, Christiana Franke, Carolin Balloff, Ferdinand Binkofski, Jörg B Schulz, Carsten Finke, Kathrin Reetz","doi":"10.1111/pcn.13789","DOIUrl":"10.1111/pcn.13789","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>Up to 10% of SARS-CoV-2 infected individuals suffer from post-COVID-19 condition, marked by fatigue and cognitive dysfunction as major symptoms. Longitudinal studies on neuropsychological and clinical trajectories and related brain changes are scarce. Here, we aimed to examine their evolution up to 2 years post-infection.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In a multi-center, longitudinal study of 79 post-COVID patients (mean age 46, 48 female) with persistent symptoms and 21 age- and sex-matched never-infected, healthy controls (mean age 42, eight female), we analyzed neuropsychological performance, self-reported outcomes and associated neuroimaging alterations of resting-state functional and structural magnetic resonance imaging data 23 months post-infection.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In post-COVID patients 23 months after SARS-CoV-2 infection we observed (1) that fatigue severity had reduced but still remained present in most patients, (2) widespread brain changes involving the brainstem, the pre- and postcentral gyrus and the limbic olfactory network, (3) a weakening of self-reported fatigue and its cerebral associations. Notably, findings of brain aberrations were more pronounced in hospitalized patients.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our findings indicate that complex brain adaptations take place up to 2 years following SARS-CoV-2 infection. Some regions manifest enduring abnormalities while others undergo restitution. The attenuation of radio-clinical associations suggests a compensatory function for these regions, pointing to non-brain intrinsic factors to sustain persistent fatigue.</p>","PeriodicalId":20938,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences","volume":" ","pages":"176-186"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11962352/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143123464","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Long-term outcomes of schizophrenia in relation to course of social recovery and prescribed antipsychotics: A 10-year follow-up study at a single university hospital in Japan.","authors":"Yuhei Mori, Risa Shishido, Mizuki Hino, Akiko Sato, Atsuko Nagaoka, Hiroshi Hoshino, Masataka Hatano, Yuto Hosogai, Itaru Miura, Yasuto Kunii","doi":"10.1111/pcn.13803","DOIUrl":"10.1111/pcn.13803","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20938,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences","volume":" ","pages":"205-207"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11962339/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143410311","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neuropsychiatric symptoms and neuroimaging-based brain age in mild cognitive impairment and early dementia: A multicenter study.","authors":"Daichi Sone, Iman Beheshti, Kenji Tagai, Hiroshi Kameyama, Emi Takasaki, Tetsuo Kashibayashi, Ryuichi Takahashi, Kazunari Ishii, Hideki Kanemoto, Manabu Ikeda, Masahiro Shigeta, Shunichiro Shinagawa, Hiroaki Kazui","doi":"10.1111/pcn.13777","DOIUrl":"10.1111/pcn.13777","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>Despite the clinical importance and significant social burden of neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS) in dementia, the underlying neurobiological mechanism remains poorly understood. Recently, neuroimaging-derived brain-age estimation by machine-learning analysis has shown promise as an individual-level biomarker. We investigated the relationship between NPS and brain-age in amnestic mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and early dementia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this cross-sectional study, clinical data, including neuropsychiatric inventory (NPI), and structural brain MRI of 499 individuals with clinical diagnoses of amnestic MCI (n = 185), early Alzheimer's disease (AD) (n = 258) or dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) (n = 56) were analyzed. We established a brain-age prediction model using 694 healthy brain MRIs and a support vector regression model and applied it to the participants' data. Finally, the brain-predicted age difference (brain-PAD: predicted age minus chronological age) was calculated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>All groups showed significantly increased brain-PAD, and the median (IQR) brain-PAD was 4.3 (5.4) years in MCI, 6.3 (6.2) years in AD, and 5.0 (6.5) years in DLB. The NPI scores were subdivided into the following four categories: (i) Agitation and Irritability, (ii) Depression and Apathy, (iii) Delusions and Hallucinations, and (iv) Euphoria and Disinhibition. We found a significantly positive correlation between brain-PAD and the depression/apathy factor (Spearman's rs = 0.156, FDR-corrected P = 0.002), whereas no significance was shown for the other NPS factors.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Higher brain-age may be associated with depression and apathy symptoms presented in MCI to early dementia stages, and brain-age analysis may be useful as a novel biomarker for the assessment or monitoring of NPS.</p>","PeriodicalId":20938,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences","volume":" ","pages":"158-164"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11962355/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143010595","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Associations Between Mental Disorders, Personality Disorders, and Filicide-Suicide and Parental Suicide: A Nationwide Cohort Study.","authors":"Cheng-Fang Yen, Yi-Lung Chen","doi":"10.1111/pcn.13790","DOIUrl":"10.1111/pcn.13790","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>Filicide-suicide represents a critical intersection of psychiatric and familial crises, yet the literature remains scant on differentiated risk profiles among family members. This study addresses a gap in understanding the specific mental health correlates of filicide-suicide, especially within a comprehensive family context, distinct from traditional parental or child-focused perspectives.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>This study used the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database to identify a nationally representative sample of families from 2004 to 2020, with continuous monitoring extending into 2021. Families were classified into those affected by filicide-suicide, parental suicide, and those without such incidents. Multinomial logistic regression was conducted to explore the association between family status and mental health. Analyses of effect modification were conducted to evaluate whether low-income status modified these relationships.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study encompassed 1,898,299 families, revealing that filicide-suicide is notably rare, with an incidence of 1.64 deaths per 100,000 newborn children from 2004 to 2020, with an increasing trend observed after 2014. Fathers and children in filicide-suicide families had the highest prevalence of mental disorders, followed by those in parental-suicide families and then other families (those where no child has been recorded as a homicide victim and no parent has committed suicide). There was a tendency for stronger associations between filicide-suicide families and paternal schizophrenia as well as autistic spectrum disorder in children among low-income families.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The findings underscore the profound impact of severe mental disorders within the familial framework, emphasizing the need for an integrated approach to mental health care that considers the familial context in order to better predict and prevent such devastating events.</p>","PeriodicalId":20938,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences","volume":" ","pages":"197-203"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11962347/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143067549","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The hikikomori population varies significantly depending on the definition used: Evidence from a survey in Kasama, Ibaraki, Japan.","authors":"Kaoru Tamura, Takafumi Ogawa, Tamaki Saito, Yuki Shiratori, Chie Yaguchi, Haruhiko Midorikawa, Miyuki Aiba, Daichi Sugawara, Takafumi Hori, Hirokazu Tachikawa","doi":"10.1111/pcn.13783","DOIUrl":"10.1111/pcn.13783","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20938,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences","volume":" ","pages":"204-205"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11962353/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143365803","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Examining the therapeutic potential and risks of multivoxel neuroreinforcement for specific phobias.","authors":"Shaheen S Sithara, Hemant Choudhary, Preethy Kathiresan","doi":"10.1111/pcn.13774","DOIUrl":"10.1111/pcn.13774","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20938,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences","volume":" ","pages":"208"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142814101","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}