Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences最新文献

{"title":"Practice Guidelines for Bipolar Disorder by the JSMD (Japanese Society of Mood Disorders).","authors":"Tadafumi Kato, Kazuyoshi Ogasawara, Keisuke Motomura, Masaki Kato, Teruaki Tanaka, Yoshikazu Takaesu, Shintaro Nio, Taro Kishi, Mirai So, Kiyotaka Nemoto, Eiji Suzuki, Koichiro Watanabe, Koji Matsuo","doi":"10.1111/pcn.13724","DOIUrl":"10.1111/pcn.13724","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The Japanese Society of Mood Disorders (JSMD) published treatment guidelines of bipolar disorder in 2011. The present guidelines incorporating new findings were developed to comply to the guidelines of the National Academy of Medicine (NAM) by utilizing systematic reviews and meta-analysis and taking patient and family opinions as well as insights from multiple professional fields into account. They support combination therapy using mood stabilizers and second-generation antipsychotics in many aspects. They also have limitations, including the grouping of mood stabilizers and second-generation antipsychotics when meta-analysis was performed despite their distinct properties, due to the scarcity of drug-specific evidence. Despite the limitations, these guidelines provide clinical decision support for psychiatrists in Japan.</p>","PeriodicalId":20938,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences","volume":" ","pages":"633-645"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142081416","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A double-blind trial of decoded neurofeedback intervention for specific phobias.","authors":"Cody A Cushing, Hakwan Lau, Mitsuo Kawato, Michelle G Craske, Vincent Taschereau-Dumouchel","doi":"10.1111/pcn.13726","DOIUrl":"10.1111/pcn.13726","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>A new closed-loop functional magnetic resonance imaging method called multivoxel neuroreinforcement has the potential to alleviate the subjective aversiveness of exposure-based interventions by directly inducing phobic representations in the brain, outside of conscious awareness. The current study seeks to test this method as an intervention for specific phobia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In a randomized, double-blind, controlled single-university trial, individuals diagnosed with at least two (one target, one control) animal subtype-specific phobias were randomly assigned (1:1:1) to receive one, three, or five sessions of multivoxel neuroreinforcement in which they were rewarded for implicit activation of a target animal representation. Amygdala response to phobic stimuli was assessed by study staff blind to target and control animal assignments. Pretreatment to posttreatment differences were analyzed with a two-way repeated-measures anova.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 23 participants (69.6% female) were randomized to receive one (n = 8), three (n = 7), or five (n = 7) sessions of multivoxel neuroreinforcement. Eighteen (n = 6 each group) participants were analyzed for our primary outcome. After neuroreinforcement, we observed an interaction indicating a significant decrease in amygdala response for the target phobia but not the control phobia. No adverse events or dropouts were reported as a result of the intervention.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Results suggest that multivoxel neuroreinforcement can specifically reduce threat signatures in specific phobia. Consequently, this intervention may complement conventional psychotherapy approaches with a nondistressing experience for patients seeking treatment. This trial sets the stage for a larger randomized clinical trial to replicate these results and examine the effects on real-life exposure.</p><p><strong>Clinical trial registration: </strong>The now-closed trial was prospectively registered at ClinicalTrials.gov with ID NCT03655262.</p>","PeriodicalId":20938,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences","volume":" ","pages":"678-686"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11531993/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142111419","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Knowing treatment response without awareness.","authors":"Shinsuke Koike","doi":"10.1111/pcn.13744","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/pcn.13744","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20938,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences","volume":"78 11","pages":"630"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142569272","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Homogenization of word relationships in schizophrenia: Topological analysis of cortical semantic representations.","authors":"Ryusuke Hayashi, Shizuo Kaji, Yukiko Matsumoto, Satoshi Nishida, Shinji Nishimoto, Hidehiko Takahashi","doi":"10.1111/pcn.13727","DOIUrl":"10.1111/pcn.13727","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>Patients with schizophrenia typically exhibit symptoms of disorganized thought and display concreteness and over-inclusion in verbal reports, depending on the level of abstraction. While concreteness and over-inclusion may appear contradictory, the underlying psychopathology that explains these symptoms remains unclear. In the current study, we used functional magnetic resonance imaging with an encoding modeling approach to examine how concepts of various words, represented as brain activity, are anomalously connected at different levels of abstraction in patients with schizophrenia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Fourteen individuals diagnosed with schizophrenia and 17 healthy controls underwent functional magnetic resonance imaging to measure brain activity representing concepts of various words. We used a persistent homology (PH) method to analyze the topological structures of word representations in schizophrenia patients, healthy controls, and random data, across different levels of abstraction by varying dissimilarity scales in the representation space.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results revealed that patients with schizophrenia exhibited more homogeneous word relationships across different levels of abstraction compared with healthy controls. Additionally, topological structures exhibited a shift toward a random network structure in patients with schizophrenia compared with controls. The PH method successfully distinguished semantic representations of patients with schizophrenia from those of controls.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The current results provide an explanation for the mechanisms underlying the deficits in abstraction ability observed in schizophrenia. The isotopic connection of individual concepts reflects both the reduction of contextual connections at a semantically fine-grained scale and the absence of clear boundaries between related concepts at a coarse scale, which lead to concreteness and over-inclusion, respectively.</p>","PeriodicalId":20938,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences","volume":" ","pages":"687-695"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142081415","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rare nonsynonymous germline and mosaic de novo variants in Japanese patients with schizophrenia.","authors":"Yuichiro Watanabe, Masaki Nishioka, Ryo Morikawa, Satoko Takano-Isozaki, Hirofumi Igeta, Kanako Mori, Tadafumi Kato, Toshiyuki Someya","doi":"10.1111/pcn.13758","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/pcn.13758","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>Whole-exome sequencing (WES) studies have revealed that germline de novo variants (gDNVs) contribute to the genetic etiology of schizophrenia. However, the contribution of mosaic DNVs (mDNVs) to the risk of schizophrenia remains to be elucidated. In the present study, we systematically investigated the gDNVs and mDMVs that contribute to the genetic etiology of schizophrenia in a Japanese population.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We performed deep WES (depth: 460×) of 73 affected offspring and WES (depth: 116×) of 134 parents from 67 families with schizophrenia. Prioritized rare nonsynonymous gDNV and mDNV candidates were validated using Sanger sequencing and ultra-deep targeted amplicon sequencing (depth: 71,375×), respectively. Subsequently, we performed a Gene Ontology analysis of the gDNVs and mDNVs to obtain biological insights. Lastly, we selected DNVs in known risk genes for psychiatric and neurodevelopmental disorders.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We identified 62 gDNVs and 98 mDNVs. The Gene Ontology analysis of mDNVs implicated actin filament and actin cytoskeleton as candidate biological pathways. There were eight DNVs in known risk genes: splice region gDNVs in AKAP11 and CUL1; a frameshift gDNV in SHANK1; a missense gDNV in SRCAP; missense mDNVs in CTNNB1, GRIN2A, and TSC2; and a nonsense mDNV in ZFHX4.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our results suggest the potential contributions of rare nonsynonymous gDNVs and mDNVs to the genetic etiology of schizophrenia. This is the first report of the mDNVs in schizophrenia trios, demonstrating their potential relevance to schizophrenia pathology.</p>","PeriodicalId":20938,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142506838","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"AST-001 versus placebo for social communication in children with autism spectrum disorder: A randomized clinical trial.","authors":"Hyo-Won Kim, Ji-Hoon Kim, Un Sun Chung, Johanna Inhyang Kim, Se-Hoon Shim, Tae Won Park, Moon-Soo Lee, Jun-Won Hwang, Eun-Jin Park, Su-Kyeong Hwang, Yoo-Sook Joung","doi":"10.1111/pcn.13757","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/pcn.13757","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>This study examined the efficacy of AST-001 for the core symptoms of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in children.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This phase 2 clinical trial consisted of a 12-week placebo-controlled main study, a 12-week extension, and a 12-week follow-up in children aged 2 to 11 years with ASD. The participants were randomized in a 1:1:1 ratio to a high-dose, low-dose, or placebo-to-high-dose control group during the main study. The placebo-to-high-dose control group received placebo during the main study and high-dose AST-001 during the extension. The a priori primary outcome was the mean change in the Adaptive Behavior Composite (ABC) score of the Korean Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scales II (K-VABS-II) from baseline to week 12.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 151 enrolled participants, 144 completed the main study, 140 completed the extension, and 135 completed the follow-up. The mean K-VABS-II ABC score at the 12th week compared with baseline was significantly increased in the high-dose group (P = 0.042) compared with the placebo-to-high-dose control group. The mean CGI-S scores were significantly decreased at the 12th week in the high-dose (P = 0.046) and low-dose (P = 0.017) groups compared with the placebo-to-high-dose control group. During the extension, the K-VABS-II ABC and CGI-S scores of the placebo-to-high-dose control group changed rapidly after administration of high-dose AST-001 and caught up with those of the high-dose group at the 24th week. AST-001 was well tolerated with no safety concern. The most common adverse drug reaction was diarrhea.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our results provide preliminary evidence for the efficacy of AST-001 for the core symptoms of ASD.</p>","PeriodicalId":20938,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142473346","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Copy number variations in RNF216 and postsynaptic membrane-associated genes are associated with bipolar disorder: a case-control study in the Japanese population.","authors":"Masahiro Nakatochi, Itaru Kushima, Branko Aleksic, Hiroki Kimura, Hidekazu Kato, Toshiya Inada, Youta Torii, Nagahide Takahashi, Maeri Yamamoto, Kunihiro Iwamoto, Yoshihiro Nawa, Shuji Iritani, Nakao Iwata, Takeo Saito, Kohei Ninomiya, Tomo Okochi, Ryota Hashimoto, Hidenaga Yamamori, Yuka Yasuda, Michiko Fujimoto, Kenichiro Miura, Kazutaka Ohi, Toshiki Shioiri, Kiyoyuki Kitaichi, Masanari Itokawa, Makoto Arai, Mitsuhiro Miyashita, Kazuya Toriumi, Tsutomu Takahashi, Michio Suzuki, Takahiro A Kato, Shigenobu Kanba, Hideki Horikawa, Kiyoto Kasai, Tempei Ikegame, Seiichiro Jinde, Tadafumi Kato, Chihiro Kakiuchi, Bun Yamagata, Shintaro Nio, Yasuto Kunii, Hirooki Yabe, Yasunobu Okamura, Shu Tadaka, Ueno Fumihiko, Taku Obara, Yasuyuki Yamamoto, Yuko Arioka, Daisuke Mori, Masashi Ikeda, Norio Ozaki","doi":"10.1111/pcn.13752","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/pcn.13752","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>Bipolar disorder (BD) is a common psychiatric disorder characterized by alterations between manic/hypomanic and depressive states. Rare pathogenic copy number variations (CNVs) that overlap with exons of synaptic genes have been associated with BD. However, no study has comprehensively explored CNVs in synaptic genes associated with BD. Here, we evaluated the relationship between BD and rare CNVs that overlap with synaptic genes, not limited to exons, in the Japanese population.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Using array comparative genome hybridization, we detected CNVs in 1839 patients with BD and 2760 controls. We used the Synaptic Gene Ontology database to identify rare CNVs that overlap with synaptic genes. Using gene-based analysis, we compared their frequencies between the BD and control groups. We also searched for synaptic gene sets related to BD. The significance level was set to a false discovery rate of 10%.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The RNF216 gene was significantly associated with BD (odds ratio, 4.51 [95% confidence interval, 1.66-14.89], false discovery rate < 10%). The BD-associated CNV that corresponded with RNF216 also partially overlapped with the minimal critical region of the 7p22.1 microduplication syndrome. The integral component of the postsynaptic membrane (Gene Ontology:0099055) was significantly associated with BD. The CNV overlapping with the intron region of GRM5 in this gene set showed a nominal significant association between cases and controls (P < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>We provide evidence that CNVs in RNF216 and postsynaptic membrane-related genes confer a risk of BD, contributing to a better understanding of the pathogenesis of BD.</p>","PeriodicalId":20938,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142473362","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between commuting and mental health among Japanese adolescents.","authors":"Suguru Nakajima, Yuichiro Otsuka, Osamu Itani, Yoshiyuki Kaneko, Masahiro Suzuki, Yoshitaka Kaneita","doi":"10.1111/pcn.13714","DOIUrl":"10.1111/pcn.13714","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>Mental health issues in adolescence contribute to various disease burdens later in life and are associated with violence, crime, and suicide. Activities such as sleep, diet, exercise, and time spent using electronic devices are related to declining mental health. However, few studies have examined the association between commuting times to school and mental health. This study tested the hypothesis that high school students' long commuting times are associated with poor mental health.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>A cross-sectional study was conducted between October and December 2022 among 2067 students at two private high schools. Survey items included participant information (sex, grade, school), commuting time, mental health status (Patient Health Questionnaire 9 [PHQ-9]: depressive symptoms, and Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7 [GAD-7]: anxiety symptoms), lifestyle factors, and sleep-related factors.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Data from 1899 high school students were analyzed. The prevalence of depressive and anxiety symptoms was 17.3% and 19.0%, respectively. A commuting time of ≥1 h was significantly associated with depressive symptoms (adjusted odds ratio: 1.60 [95% confidence interval]: 1.14-2.24) and anxiety symptoms (adjusted odds ratio: 1.51 [95% confidence interval]: 1.09-2.10). Sex, grade, use of ≥8 h/day of electronic devices, and chronotype were significantly associated with depressive symptoms, while sex, grade, use of ≥8 h/day of electronic devices, and insomnia were significantly associated with anxiety symptoms.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>It is suggested that long commuting times are associated with poor mental health in high school students. Parents and schools should consider commuting time when advising students on school selection to maintain their mental health.</p>","PeriodicalId":20938,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences","volume":" ","pages":"588-594"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141760630","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Altered cerebellar effective connectivity in first-episode schizophrenia and long-term changes after treatment.","authors":"Xia Wei, Hengyi Cao, Chunyan Luo, Qiannan Zhao, Chao Xia, Ziyu Li, Zhiqin Liu, Wenjing Zhang, Qiyong Gong, Su Lui","doi":"10.1111/pcn.13715","DOIUrl":"10.1111/pcn.13715","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>Cerebello-cortical functional dysconnectivity plays a key role in the pathology of schizophrenia (SZ). We aimed to investigate the changes in cerebello-cortical directional connectivity in patients with SZ.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 180 drug-naïve patients with first-episode SZ (54 reassessed after 1 year of treatment) and 166 healthy controls (HCs) were included. Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging was used to perform Granger causal analysis, in which each of the nine cerebellar functional systems was defined as a seed. The observed effective connectivity (EC) alterations at baseline were further assessed at follow-up and were associated with changes in psychotic symptom.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We observed increased bottom-up EC in first-episode SZ from the cerebellum to the cerebrum (e.g. from the cerebellar attention and cingulo-opercular systems to the bilateral angular gyri, and from the cerebellar cingulo-opercular system to the right inferior frontal gyrus). In contrast, decreased top-down EC in the first-episode SZ was mainly from the cerebrum to the cerebellum (e.g. from the right inferior temporal gyrus, left middle temporal gyrus, left putamen, and right angular gyrus to the cerebellar language system). After 1 year of antipsychotic treatment, information projections from the cerebrum to the cerebellum were partly restored and positively related to symptom remission.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These findings suggest that decreased top-down EC during the acute phase of SZ may be a state-dependent alteration related to symptoms and medication. However, increased bottom-up EC may reflect a persistent pathological trait.</p>","PeriodicalId":20938,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences","volume":" ","pages":"605-611"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141788908","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of an 8-week high-dose vitamin D supplementation on fatigue and neuropsychiatric manifestations in post-COVID syndrome: A randomized controlled trial.","authors":"Veevarin Charoenporn, Parunkul Tungsukruthai, Pitchapa Teacharushatakit, Sirashat Hanvivattanakul, Kusuma Sriyakul, Sophida Sukprasert, Chuntida Kamalashiran, Sucharat Tungsukruthai, Thammanard Charernboon","doi":"10.1111/pcn.13716","DOIUrl":"10.1111/pcn.13716","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>This study evaluated the effectiveness of high-dose vitamin D supplementation in alleviating fatigue and neuropsychiatric symptoms in post-COVID syndrome.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In an 8-week, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial, 80 patients with post-COVID fatigue or neuropsychiatric symptoms were enrolled. Participants were randomly assigned to receive either 60,000 IU of vitamin D weekly (n = 40) or a placebo (n = 40) for 8 weeks. Clinical outcomes were assessed using the 11-item Chalder Fatigue Scale (CFQ-11); 21-item Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale (DASS-21); Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI); Addenbrooke's Cognitive Examination III (ACE); and Trail Making Test A and B (TMT-A and TMT-B). Baseline and 8-week measurements of inflammatory markers, including interleukin 6 (IL-6) and C-reactive protein (CRP), were also collected.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Significant improvements were found in the vitamin D group for CFQ (coefficient -3.5, P = 0.024), DASS-anxiety (-2.0, P = 0.011), and ACE (2.1, P = 0.012). No significant differences were observed in PSQI, DASS-depression, TMT, IL-6, or CRP levels. The incidence of adverse events was comparable between groups, with no serious adverse events reported.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>High-dose vitamin D supplementation may benefit patients with post-COVID syndrome by reducing fatigue, alleviating anxiety, and improving cognitive symptoms, with minimal side effects.</p>","PeriodicalId":20938,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences","volume":" ","pages":"595-604"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141788909","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}