Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences最新文献

{"title":"REIMAGINE: A central nervous system basket trial showing safety and efficacy of vafidemstat on aggression in different psychiatric disorders.","authors":"Marc Ferrer, Vanesa Richarte, Laura Gisbert, Jordi Xaus, Sonia Gutierrez, Maria Isabel Arevalo, Michael Ropacki, Roger Bullock, Carlos Buesa, Josep Antoni Ramos-Quiroga","doi":"10.1111/pcn.13800","DOIUrl":"10.1111/pcn.13800","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>Vafidemstat is a brain-penetrant, orally bioavailable, small molecule irreversible inhibitor of the histone lysine-specific demethylase KDM1A (also known as LSD1), which corrects memory deficits and behavior alterations including aggression and social interaction deficits in preclinical models.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Here, we report the results of REIMAGINE, a phase IIa, single-center, open-label, one-arm basket trial that evaluated the safety and efficacy of vafidemstat on aggression in adult patients with borderline personality disorder (BPD), attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and autistic spectrum disorder (ASD). Participants received 1.2 mg/day of vafidemstat for 8 weeks.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Vafidemstat was shown to be safe and well tolerated, and no drug-related clinically significant adverse events were observed. Furthermore, all neuropsychiatric scales assessed showed notable efficacy signals, whether assessing agitation/aggression (Clinical Global Impression for Severity [CGI-S] and Clinical Global Impression for Improvement [CGI-I] and Neuropsychiatric Inventory [NPI] questionnaire for Agitation-Aggression [NPI-AA]), overall patient functioning (total NPI), or disease-specific features (Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Rating Scale [ADHD-RS] and Borderline Personality Disorder Checklist [BPDCL]). Statistically significant improvements were observed in the aggregated data (all participants) and for each of the three disease groups independently. Changes were evident within the first 2 weeks of treatment.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In summary, the REIMAGINE study supports that vafidemstat is safe, well tolerated, and causes a significant and consistent reduction in agitation/aggression and nonaggression features in BPD, ADHD, and ASD. These data support continuing the development of vafidemstat as a new treatment option for these psychiatric disorders.</p>","PeriodicalId":20938,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences","volume":" ","pages":"257-265"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12047063/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143399824","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Increase in luteinizing hormone is linked to reduction in depression in patients with dementia: Secondary analysis of a randomized clinical trial of benzoate.","authors":"Chieh-Hsin Lin, Shi-Heng Wang, Hsien-Yuan Lane","doi":"10.1111/pcn.13805","DOIUrl":"10.1111/pcn.13805","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20938,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences","volume":" ","pages":"290-291"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143468963","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Focused ultrasound as an emerging therapy for neuropsychiatric disease: Historical perspectives and a review of current clinical data.","authors":"Daniel N de Souza, Andreas Seas, Kathryn Blethen, Jacob Feigal, Bhavya R Shah, Gerald A Grant, Stephen C Harward","doi":"10.1111/pcn.13799","DOIUrl":"10.1111/pcn.13799","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Psychiatric disorders are a common source of disease morbidity with high rates of refractoriness to first-line treatments. As such, many have investigated the utility of neurosurgical interventions for treatment-resistant forms of these conditions. More recently among these, functional neurosurgical techniques using high- and low-intensity focused ultrasound (FUS) have emerged as promising options in this arena, largely due to their minimally-invasive nature and encouraging early safety and efficacy data. Existing clinical data have thus far demonstrated FUS to be a potentially useful intervention for treatment-refractory forms of obsessive-compulsive disorder, major depressive disorder, various anxiety disorders, substance-use disorder, and schizophrenia. This report presents a comprehensive review of existing clinical trial data, summarizing key findings, study specifications, and providing critical analysis. In addition to giving the most complete summary of modern clinical research on this topic to date, this report characterizes the current state of this body of literature using bibliometric analysis, succinctly highlighting the most investigated topics and the most promising areas of modern investigation. Based on our review of the literature, current work on this topic is highly heterogeneous with regard to specific treatment protocols and anatomic targets for FUS - targeting multiple nuclei at a wide variety of intensities. We recommend that future studies aim to clarify more precise therapeutic targets and specific treatment protocols which optimize the efficacy of these techniques.</p>","PeriodicalId":20938,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences","volume":" ","pages":"215-228"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143399823","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Epigenetic age acceleration is related to cognitive decline in the elderly: Results of the Austrian Stroke Prevention Study.","authors":"Piyush Gampawar, Sai Pavan Kumar Veeranki, Katja-Elisabeth Petrovic, Reinhold Schmidt, Helena Schmidt","doi":"10.1111/pcn.13793","DOIUrl":"10.1111/pcn.13793","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>Epigenetic clocks, quantifying biological age through DNA methylation (DNAmAge), have emerged as potential indicators of brain aging. As the variety of DNAmAge algorithms grows, consensus on their efficacy in predicting age-related changes is lacking. This study aimed to explore the intricate relationship between diverse DNAmAge algorithms and structural and cognitive markers of brain aging.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Within a cohort of 796 elderly patients (mean age, 65.8 ± 7.9 years), we scrutinized 11 DNAmAge algorithms, including Horvath, Hannum, Zhang's clocks, PhenoAge, GrimAge, DunedinPACE, and principal component (PC)-based PCHorvath, PCHannum, PCPhenoAge, and PCGrimAge. We evaluated their association with baseline cognition and cognitive decline, assessed through follow-up evaluations at three (T1) and six (T2) years postbaseline. Additionally, we examined their relationship with structural magnetic resonance imaging markers of brain aging, including white matter.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Zhang's clock was the best predictor of decline in memory (β = -0.04) and global cognition (β = -0.03), whereas PCGrimAge was the best predictor of speed decline (β = -0.17). The DNAmAge algorithms were the second-best predictors in explaining cognitive variability after education in memory and global cognition (R² _partial = 1.66% to 2.82%) and the best predictors for speed decline (R² _partial = 2.13%). PC-trained DNAmAge algorithms outperformed their respective original version.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>DNAmAge algorithms are strong and independent predictors of cognitive decline in the normal elderly population and explain additional variability in cognitive decline beyond that accounted for by conventional risk factors.</p>","PeriodicalId":20938,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences","volume":" ","pages":"229-238"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12047057/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143374542","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Epidemiology of Hikikomori: A systematic review and meta-analysis of 19 studies.","authors":"Wei Zhang, Meng-Yi Chen, Yuan Feng, Zhaohui Su, Teris Cheung, Todd Jackson, Qinge Zhang, Yu-Tao Xiang","doi":"10.1111/pcn.13768","DOIUrl":"10.1111/pcn.13768","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>Hikikomori, a severe form of social withdrawal, has been recognized as an important global public health problem. However, estimates of the worldwide Hikikomori prevalence have been inconsistent. This study aimed to provide a comprehensive assessment of the cross-cultural prevalence of Hikikomori through a meta-analysis and systematic review.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We systematically searched multiple databases (including PubMed, EMBASE, PsycINFO, and Web of Science) for relevant studies. Pooled prevalence estimates were calculated using a random-effects model. Subgroup analyses for categorical variables and meta-regression analyses for continuous variables were performed to identify potential moderators of Hikikomori prevalence estimates.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 19 studies based on 58,229 participants were included for analysis. The overall prevalence of Hikikomori was 8.0% (95% CI, 4.9%-12.9%). The prevalence of Hikikomori did not differ significantly between regions (East Asia and Western), time periods (pre- and post-COVID-19 pandemic), sex, sample size, or presence versus absence of psychiatric disorders. In contrast, higher prevalence rates were reported in studies using the 25-item Hikikomori Questionnaire (HQ-25) (21.7%; 95% CI, 11.8%-36.4%) versus other questionnaires (5.0%; 95% CI, 3.1%-7.9%, [P < 0.01]) and nonprobability sampling (12.5%; 95% CI, 7.9%-19.2%) versus probability sampling methods (3.1%; 95% CI, 1.4%-6.9% [P < 0.01]). Lower study quality (coefficient = -0.45, P = 0.03) and older age were also linked to higher prevalence (coefficient = 0.10, P = 0.01).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This meta-analysis suggests that Hikikomori is a common problem globally. The results highlight the importance of using standardized diagnostic tools as well as further research on moderating factors and intervention methods to alleviate disabling experiences associated with Hikikomori.</p>","PeriodicalId":20938,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences","volume":" ","pages":"138-146"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143524179","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intermittent theta burst stimulation for negative symptoms in schizophrenia patients with moderate to severe cognitive impairment: A randomized controlled trial.","authors":"Jing Li, Dan Jiang, Xingyu Huang, Xiao Wang, Tingting Xia, Wei Zhang","doi":"10.1111/pcn.13779","DOIUrl":"10.1111/pcn.13779","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>This study aims to assess the therapeutic effects of intermittent theta burst stimulation (iTBS) targeting the bilateral dorsomedial prefrontal cortex (DMPFC) on negative symptoms in patients with schizophrenia, utilizing functional near-infrared spectroscopy for evaluation.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Thirty-five schizophrenia patients with negative symptoms and moderate to severe cognitive impairment were randomly assigned to a treatment group (n = 18) or a control group (n = 17). The treatment group received iTBS via bilateral DMPFC. Negative symptoms, cognitive function, emotional state, and social function were assessed using Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS), Scale for the Assessment of Negative Symptoms (SANS), Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), Calgary Depression Scale for Schizophrenia (CDSS), and Social Dysfunction Screening Questionnaire (SDSS) scales at pretreatment, posttreatment, and follow-up at 4, 8, and 12 weeks. Brain activation in regions of interest (ROIs) was evaluated through verbal fluency tasks.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Prior to treatment there was no significant difference in the two groups. After 20 iTBS sessions, a significant difference was observed in SANS total score, its related subscales, PANSS total score, and PANSS-negative symptoms (all P < 0.05). The group-by-time interaction showed statistical significance, indicating improvements in negative symptoms and related dimensions over time, with therapeutic effects persisting for at least 8 weeks posttreatment. Prior to treatment, there were no significant differences in activation across all ROIs between the two groups. Posttreatment, the activation of right inferior frontal gyrus (t = 2.19, P = 0.036) and right frontal eye field (t = 2.14, P = 0.04) in the treatment group was significantly higher than in the control group.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>iTBS stimulation of bilateral DMPFC demonstrates therapeutic effects in improving negative symptoms in schizophrenia patients, and this treatment approach has the potential to enhance activation within the prefrontal cortex.</p>","PeriodicalId":20938,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences","volume":" ","pages":"147-157"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143067553","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transdiagnostic approach for neuropsychiatric symptoms using neuroimage.","authors":"Shinsuke Koike","doi":"10.1111/pcn.13801","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/pcn.13801","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20938,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences","volume":"79 4","pages":"137"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143764728","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"PCN Art Brut Series No. 44, Artwork Description.","authors":"Kenjiro Hosaka","doi":"10.1111/pcn.13820","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/pcn.13820","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20938,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences","volume":"79 4","pages":"209"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143764357","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Two-year impact of COVID-19: Longitudinal MRI brain changes and neuropsychiatric trajectories.","authors":"Ravi Dadsena, Julia Walders, Ana S Costa, Sophie Wetz, Sandro Romanzetti, Stella Andrea Lischewski, Christina Krockauer, Josephine Heine, Lars Schlenker, Pia Klabunn, Katia Schwichtenberg, Tim J Hartung, Christiana Franke, Carolin Balloff, Ferdinand Binkofski, Jörg B Schulz, Carsten Finke, Kathrin Reetz","doi":"10.1111/pcn.13789","DOIUrl":"10.1111/pcn.13789","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>Up to 10% of SARS-CoV-2 infected individuals suffer from post-COVID-19 condition, marked by fatigue and cognitive dysfunction as major symptoms. Longitudinal studies on neuropsychological and clinical trajectories and related brain changes are scarce. Here, we aimed to examine their evolution up to 2 years post-infection.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In a multi-center, longitudinal study of 79 post-COVID patients (mean age 46, 48 female) with persistent symptoms and 21 age- and sex-matched never-infected, healthy controls (mean age 42, eight female), we analyzed neuropsychological performance, self-reported outcomes and associated neuroimaging alterations of resting-state functional and structural magnetic resonance imaging data 23 months post-infection.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In post-COVID patients 23 months after SARS-CoV-2 infection we observed (1) that fatigue severity had reduced but still remained present in most patients, (2) widespread brain changes involving the brainstem, the pre- and postcentral gyrus and the limbic olfactory network, (3) a weakening of self-reported fatigue and its cerebral associations. Notably, findings of brain aberrations were more pronounced in hospitalized patients.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our findings indicate that complex brain adaptations take place up to 2 years following SARS-CoV-2 infection. Some regions manifest enduring abnormalities while others undergo restitution. The attenuation of radio-clinical associations suggests a compensatory function for these regions, pointing to non-brain intrinsic factors to sustain persistent fatigue.</p>","PeriodicalId":20938,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences","volume":" ","pages":"176-186"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11962352/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143123464","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Long-term outcomes of schizophrenia in relation to course of social recovery and prescribed antipsychotics: A 10-year follow-up study at a single university hospital in Japan.","authors":"Yuhei Mori, Risa Shishido, Mizuki Hino, Akiko Sato, Atsuko Nagaoka, Hiroshi Hoshino, Masataka Hatano, Yuto Hosogai, Itaru Miura, Yasuto Kunii","doi":"10.1111/pcn.13803","DOIUrl":"10.1111/pcn.13803","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20938,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences","volume":" ","pages":"205-207"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11962339/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143410311","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}