Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences最新文献

{"title":"Noninvasive intervention by transcranial ultrasound stimulation: Modulation of neural circuits and its clinical perspectives.","authors":"Takahiro Osada, Seiki Konishi","doi":"10.1111/pcn.13663","DOIUrl":"10.1111/pcn.13663","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Low-intensity focused transcranial ultrasound stimulation (TUS) is an emerging noninvasive technique capable of stimulating both the cerebral cortex and deep brain structures with high spatial precision. This method is recognized for its potential to comprehensively perturb various brain regions, enabling the modulation of neural circuits, in a manner not achievable through conventional magnetic or electrical brain stimulation techniques. The underlying mechanisms of neuromodulation are based on a phenomenon where mechanical waves of ultrasound kinetically interact with neurons, specifically affecting neuronal membranes and mechanosensitive channels. This interaction induces alterations in the excitability of neurons within the stimulated region. In this review, we briefly present the fundamental principles of ultrasound physics and the physiological mechanisms of TUS neuromodulation. We explain the experimental apparatus and procedures for TUS in humans. Due to the focality, the integration of various methods, including magnetic resonance imaging and magnetic resonance-guided neuronavigation systems, is important to perform TUS experiments for precise targeting. We then review the current state of the literature on TUS neuromodulation, with a particular focus on human subjects, targeting both the cerebral cortex and deep subcortical structures. Finally, we outline future perspectives of TUS in clinical applications in psychiatric and neurological fields.</p>","PeriodicalId":20938,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences","volume":" ","pages":"273-281"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11488602/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140176203","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cortical gradient perturbation in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder correlates with neurotransmitter-, cell type-specific and chromosome- transcriptomic signatures.","authors":"Zhiyi Chen, Ting Xu, Xuerong Liu, Benjamin Becker, Wei Li, Lei Xia, Wenqi Zhao, Rong Zhang, Zhenzhen Huo, Bowen Hu, Yancheng Tang, Zhibing Xiao, Zhengzhi Feng, Ji Chen, Tingyong Feng","doi":"10.1111/pcn.13649","DOIUrl":"10.1111/pcn.13649","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>This study aimed to illuminate the neuropathological landscape of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) by a multiscale macro-micro-molecular perspective from in vivo neuroimaging data.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The \"ADHD-200 initiative\" repository provided multi-site high-quality resting-state functional connectivity (rsfc-) neuroimaging for ADHD children and matched typically developing (TD) cohort. Diffusion mapping embedding model to derive the functional connectome gradient detecting biologically plausible neural pattern was built, and the multivariate partial least square method to uncover the enrichment of neurotransmitomic, cellular and chromosomal gradient-transcriptional signatures of AHBA enrichment and meta-analytic decoding.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Compared to TD, ADHD children presented connectopic cortical gradient perturbations in almost all the cognition-involved brain macroscale networks (all p_BH <0.001), but not in the brain global topology. As an intermediate phenotypic variant, such gradient perturbation was spatially enriched into distributions of GABA_A/BZ and 5-HT_2A receptors (all p_BH <0.01) and co-varied with genetic transcriptional expressions (e.g. DYDC2, ATOH7, all p_BH <0.01), associated with phenotypic variants in episodic memory and emotional regulations. Enrichment models demonstrated such gradient-transcriptional variants indicated the risk of both cell-specific and chromosome- dysfunctions, especially in enriched expression of oligodendrocyte precursors and endothelial cells (all p_perm <0.05) as well enrichment into chromosome 18, 19 and X (p_perm <0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our findings bridged brain macroscale neuropathological patterns to microscale/cellular biological architectures for ADHD children, demonstrating the neurobiologically pathological mechanism of ADHD into the genetic and molecular variants in GABA and 5-HT systems as well brain-derived enrichment of specific cellular/chromosomal expressions.</p>","PeriodicalId":20938,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences","volume":" ","pages":"309-321"},"PeriodicalIF":11.9,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139707696","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unexpected risk factors of pathological hikikomori during the COVID-19 pandemic among working adults initially without social isolation: A longitudinal online survey.","authors":"Kuan-Lun Huang, Ryoko Katsuki, Taisei Kubo, Jiun-Yi Wang, Shinji Sakamoto, Tomohiro Nakao, Takahiro A Kato","doi":"10.1111/pcn.13647","DOIUrl":"10.1111/pcn.13647","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20938,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences","volume":" ","pages":"332-334"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11488592/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139990990","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Response to 'Potential role of anti-inflammatory cytokines in postpartum depression: Considerations for future research and improvement'.","authors":"Chiaki T Ono, Zhiqian Yu, Saya Kikuchi, Natsuko Kobayashi, Hiroaki Tomita","doi":"10.1111/pcn.13660","DOIUrl":"10.1111/pcn.13660","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20938,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences","volume":" ","pages":"335-336"},"PeriodicalIF":11.9,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140176204","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Associations between accelerometer‐measured circadian rest‐activity rhythm, brain structural and genetic mechanisms, and dementia","authors":"Yue Liu, Hongliang Feng, Jing Du, Lulu Yang, Huachen Xue, Jihui Zhang, Yannis Yan Liang, Yaping Liu","doi":"10.1111/pcn.13671","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/pcn.13671","url":null,"abstract":"AimKnowledge of how circadian rhythm influences brain health remains limited. We aimed to investigate the associations of accelerometer‐measured circadian rest‐activity rhythm (CRAR) with incident dementia, cognitive dysfunction, and structural brain abnormalities in the general population and underlying biological mechanisms.MethodsFifty‐seven thousand five hundred and two participants aged over 60 years with accelerometer data were included to investigate the association of CRAR with incidental dementia. Non‐parametric CRAR parameters were utilized, including activity level during active periods of the day (M10), activity level during rest periods of the day (L5), and the relative difference between the M10 and L5 (relative amplitude, RA). Associations of CRAR with cognitive dysfunction and brain structure were studied in a subset of participants. Neuroimaging‐transcriptomics analysis was utilized to identify the underlying molecular mechanisms.ResultsOver 6.86 (4.94–8.78) years of follow‐up, 494 participants developed dementia. The risk of incident dementia was associated with decreasing M10 (hazard ratio [HR] 1.45; 95% conference interval [CI], 1.28–1.64) and RA (HR 1.37; 95% CI, 1.28–1.64), increasing L5 (HR 1.14, 95% CI 1.07–1.21) and advanced L5 onset time (HR 1.12; 95% CI, 1.02–1.23). The detrimental associations were exacerbated by <jats:italic>APOE</jats:italic> ε4 status and age (&gt;65 years). Decreased RA was associated with lower processing speed (Beta −0.04; SE 0.011), predominantly mediated by abnormalities in subcortical regions and white matter microstructure. The genes underlying CRAR‐related brain regional structure variation were enriched for synaptic function.ConclusionsOur study underscores the potential of intervention targeting at maintaining a healthy CRAR pattern to prevent dementia risk.","PeriodicalId":20938,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences","volume":"36 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":11.9,"publicationDate":"2024-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140809962","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Early identification of postpartum depression using machine learning","authors":"Yukako Nakamura, Taro Ueno, Nagahide Takahashi, Daisuke Ichikawa, Aya Yamauchi, Norio Ozaki","doi":"10.1111/pcn.13659","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/pcn.13659","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;During the perinatal period, the risk of developing depression is high and it is estimated that approximately 10%–15% of mothers experience perinatal depression.&lt;span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/span&gt; In recent years, machine learning has been widely used in the research of mental health, and it has been suggested that machine learning could be useful in the clinical management of mental disorders by providing accurate predictions for the diagnosis, prognosis. If an effective postpartum depression (PPD) prediction model can be established, it will enable early identification of high-risk individuals and early intervention by healthcare providers in high-risk individuals.&lt;span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;\u0000&lt;p&gt;In this study, we used machine learning methods to construct a prediction model for depression in the first postpartum month using demographic information and subjective ratings of pregnant women collected from the time of pregnancy to the fifth postpartum day after delivery. A verbal and written explanation of the study was given to all participants, and written informed consent was obtained from all those who agreed to participate. The study protocol was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine. Detailed methods are described in the Supplementary materials Appendix S1. The flowchart of the study procedures is shown in Fig. S1. 1559 women participated in the study and 1416 women responded to all 10 Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale items 1 month after delivery. In this study, we included these 1416 women (mean age 32.4 years, standard deviation ±4.6 years) in our machine learning. The flowchart of the recruitment process is shown in Fig. S2. We show the method details in Appendix S1 and comparison of predictors between the PPD group and the non PPD group in Table S1. We also show missing percentages for each item in Table S3.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000&lt;p&gt;We used a machine learning approach, logistic regression, decision tree, gradient-boosting decision tree (GBDT), and balanced GBDT to develop the PPD prediction model. GBDT gives a predictive model as an ensemble of decision tree and achieves high predictive ability with a differentiable loss function. Early prediction models for PPD need to be sensitive so as not to overlook women at high risk for PPD. Therefore, we set sensitivity to 80% and built the model using the machine learning approach. We calculated a 95% confidence interval for the AUC to confirm the predictive power of the model used. The results are shown in Table S2. The high accuracy (73.11%), high specificity (71.3%) and high positive predictive value (42.2%) was obtained in the balanced GBDT, and the high AUC value (0.8285) was obtained from the logistic regression model. Therefore, we thought that the balanced GBDT model would be the best. Figure 1 shows the feature value with high importance and AUC when using the balanced GBDT. In addition, we used the 28 features shown in Fig. 1 as predictors and built a predict","PeriodicalId":20938,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences","volume":"66 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":11.9,"publicationDate":"2024-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140582811","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trick or treat? It's time to rethink the role of placebo in clinical trial","authors":"Ping‐Tao Tseng, Chih‐Sung Liang, Bing‐Syuan Zeng, Chih‐Wei Hsu, Yu‐Kang Tu","doi":"10.1111/pcn.13668","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/pcn.13668","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20938,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences","volume":"42 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":11.9,"publicationDate":"2024-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140582949","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Plasma biomarkers for predicting the development of dementia in a community-dwelling older Japanese population","authors":"Tomoyuki Ohara, Harutsugu Tatebe, Jun Hata, Takanori Honda, Mao Shibata, Sayo Matsuura, Tatsuya Mikami, Tetsuya Maeda, Kenjiro Ono, Masaru Mimura, Kenji Nakashima, Jun-ichi Iga, Minoru Takebayashi, Takahiko Tokuda, Toshiharu Ninomiya","doi":"10.1111/pcn.13661","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/pcn.13661","url":null,"abstract":"To assess the association between plasma amyloid β (Aβ) 42/40, phosphorylated tau (p-τ)181, glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), or neurofilament light chain (NfL) and the risk of dementia and to determine whether these plasma biomarkers could improve the ability to predict incident dementia in a general older population.","PeriodicalId":20938,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences","volume":"94 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":11.9,"publicationDate":"2024-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140582943","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between serum cytokines and timeframe for conversion from clinical high‐risk to psychosis","authors":"TianHong Zhang, YanYan Wei, LiHua Xu, XiaoChen Tang, YeGang Hu, HaiChun Liu, ZiXuan Wang, Tao Chen, ChunBo Li, JiJun Wang","doi":"10.1111/pcn.13670","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/pcn.13670","url":null,"abstract":"AimAlthough many studies have explored the link between inflammatory markers and psychosis, there is a paucity of research investigating the temporal progression in individuals at clinical high‐risk (CHR) who eventually develop full psychosis. To address this gap, we investigated the correlation between serum cytokine levels and Timeframe for Conversion to Psychosis (TCP) in individuals with CHR.MethodsWe enrolled 53 individuals with CHR who completed a 5‐year follow‐up with a confirmed conversion to psychosis. Granulocyte macrophage‐colony stimulating factor (GM‐CSF), interleukin (IL)‐1β, 2, 6, 8, 10, tumor necrosis factor‐α (TNF‐α), and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) levels were measured at baseline and 1‐year. Correlation and quantile regression analyses were performed.ResultsThe median TCP duration was 14 months. A significantly shorter TCP was associated with higher levels of TNF‐α (<jats:italic>P</jats:italic> = 0.022) and VEGF (<jats:italic>P</jats:italic> = 0.016). A negative correlation was observed between TCP and TNF‐α level (<jats:italic>P</jats:italic> = 0.006) and VEGF level (<jats:italic>P</jats:italic> = 0.04). Quantile regression indicated negative associations between TCP and GM‐CSF levels below the 0.5 quantile, IL‐10 levels below the 0.3 quantile, IL‐2 levels below the 0.25 quantile, IL‐6 levels between the 0.65 and 0.75 quantiles, TNF‐α levels below the 0.8 quantile, and VEGF levels below the 0.7 quantile. A mixed linear effects model identified significant time effects for IL‐10 and IL‐2, and significant group effects for changes in IL‐2 and TNF‐α.ConclusionsOur findings underscore that a more pronounced baseline inflammatory state is associated with faster progression of psychosis in individuals with CHR. This highlights the importance of considering individual inflammatory profiles during early intervention and of tailoring preventive measures for risk profiles.","PeriodicalId":20938,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences","volume":"94 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":11.9,"publicationDate":"2024-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140582806","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"PCN Art Brut Series No. 38, Artwork Description","authors":"Kenjiro Hosaka, Yoji Hirano","doi":"10.1111/pcn.13667","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/pcn.13667","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20938,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences","volume":"438 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":11.9,"publicationDate":"2024-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140602246","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}