Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences最新文献

{"title":"Hikikomori Diagnostic Evaluation-Screening Form (HiDE-S): A validation study.","authors":"Salvatore Reina, Taisei Kubo, Laura Orsolini, Toshio Matsushima, Sota Kyuragi, Keitaro Matsuo, Tomohiro Nakao, Umberto Volpe, Takahiro A Kato","doi":"10.1111/pcn.13837","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/pcn.13837","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20938,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144014690","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of objective body shape and perceived body image with depressive symptoms in men and women.","authors":"Seong-Uk Baek, Jin-Ha Yoon","doi":"10.1111/pcn.13836","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/pcn.13836","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>Mental health issues related to negative body image are growing concerns. We explored the association between objectively and subjectively measured body shape and depressive symptoms.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>A nationwide sample of 26,204 Korean adults was analyzed. Objective body shape was measured using the A Body Shape Index (ABSI), where a higher score indicates greater central obesity. ABSI scores were categorized into three groups: low, medium, and high. Perceived body image was classified into five categories: (i) very thin, (ii) slightly thin, (iii) normal, (iv) slightly fat, and (v) very fat. Depressive symptoms were assessed using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9. Logistic regressions were employed to calculate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>An increase in ABSI score was positively associated with depressive symptoms in men (OR = 1.27; 95% CI = 1.09-1.49) but not in women. Among men, those who perceived their body shape as very thin or very fat had 2.62-fold (95% CI = 1.70-4.05) and 2.34-fold (95% CI = 1.57-3.47) higher odds of having depressive symptoms, respectively, compared with those who perceived their body shape as normal. Among women, those who perceived their body shape as very thin or very fat had 2.73-fold (95% CI = 1.92-3.86) and 2.48-fold (95% CI = 1.97-3.14) increased odds of having depressive symptoms, respectively. The association between perceived body image and depressive symptoms manifested differently depending on ABSI group and gender.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Negative body image was associated with depressive symptoms, and this relation was differently observed across genders and different categories of actual body shape.</p>","PeriodicalId":20938,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144008912","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comment on: Is clozapine use a risk of hematological malignancies? Insights from a meta-analysis \"Clozapine and Malignancy Risk\".","authors":"Kazuki Nishida, Basile Chrétien","doi":"10.1111/pcn.13839","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/pcn.13839","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20938,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144045154","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Oxidative stress associated with indicators of endothelial dysfunction in bipolar disorder.","authors":"Shang-Ying Tsai, Pao-Huan Chen, Martha Sajatovic, Yu-Jui Huang, Shan Hung, Kuo-Hsuan Chung","doi":"10.1111/pcn.13831","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/pcn.13831","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20938,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144041811","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy and safety of SDT-001, a dual-task digital device, in managing attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder symptoms in children and adolescents: a phase 3, randomized, standard treatment-controlled study.","authors":"Katsunaka Mikami, Tasuku Miyajima, Ryo Nishino, Naohiro Kawazoe, Yousuke Kinoshita, Takashi Okada, Hiroki Fukuju","doi":"10.1111/pcn.13833","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/pcn.13833","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>This phase 3, multicenter, open-label study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of SDT-001, a dual-task digital device, compared to standard treatment (environmental and/or psychosocial treatment: treatment as usual; TAU) in the comparison part and to evaluate the safety, tolerability, and long-term efficacy of SDT-001 in the repetition part in Japanese children and adolescents with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In the comparison part, participants on standard treatment were randomized (2:1) to SDT-001 (n = 109; 25 min/day for 6 weeks, with a 4-week follow-up) or TAU (n = 55) groups. Participants (n = 126) from the comparison part transitioned to a single-arm repetition part with SDT-001 (6 weeks and followed for 12 weeks). Primary endpoint in the comparison part was changed from baseline to 6 weeks in ADHD rating scale IV (ADHD-RS-IV) inattention scores.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In the comparison part, SDT-001 demonstrated superiority to TAU, with significantly greater improvements from baseline to week 6 in ADHD-RS-IV inattention (adjusted mean difference [95% confidence interval], -2.97 [-4.38, -1.56]; P < 0.0001), total (-4.56 [-6.75, -2.38]; P < 0.0001), and hyperactivity-impulsivity (-1.55 [-2.64, -0.46]; P = 0.0056) scores. Additionally, other secondary endpoints showed improvements in symptoms in the SDT-001 group. In the repetition part, SDT-001 showed sustained reductions in ADHD-RS-IV scores till 12 weeks after completion of the 6-week treatment. No new severe adverse events or safety concerns were reported.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>SDT-001 demonstrated superior efficacy at week 6 in ADHD-RS-IV compared to TAU, and reductions in scores were maintained up to the following 12 weeks, indicating its potential as a novel digital therapeutic option for ADHD management.</p>","PeriodicalId":20938,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144041893","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Predicting social anxiety disorder based on communication logs and social network data from a massively multiplayer online game: Using a graph neural network.","authors":"Kenji Yokotani, Masanori Takano, Nobuhito Abe, Takahiro A Kato","doi":"10.1111/pcn.13804","DOIUrl":"10.1111/pcn.13804","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>Social anxiety disorder (SAD) is a mental disorder that requires early detection and treatment. However, some individuals with SAD avoid face-to-face evaluations, which leads to delayed detection. We aim to predict individuals with SAD based on their communication logs and social network data from a massively multiplayer online game (MMOG).</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>The study included 819 users of Pigg Party, a popular MMOG in Japan. Participants completed the Japanese version of the Liebowitz Social Anxiety Scale (LSAS-J) and a social withdrawal scale (hikikomori) questionnaire. Participants scoring ≥60 on the LSAS-J were classified as having SAD, while those scoring <60 were classified as not having SAD (non-SAD). A total of 142,147 users' communication logs and 613,618 social edges from Pigg Party were used as input to predict whether participants had SAD or non-SAD. Graph sample and aggregated embeddings (Graph SAGE) was utilized as a graph neural network model.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Individuals with SAD were more likely to be socially withdrawn in the physical community (hikikomori), had fewer friends, spent less time in other users' virtual houses, and showed lower entropy in their visitation times in MMOG. Based on their social network data, the Graph SAGE model predicted SAD, with an F1 score of 0.717.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The communication logs and social network data in an MMOG include indicators of interpersonal avoidance behaviors, which is typical of individuals with SAD; this suggests their potential use as digital biomarkers for the early detection of SAD.</p>","PeriodicalId":20938,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences","volume":" ","pages":"274-281"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12047062/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143503844","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Brain iron load and neuroaxonal vulnerability in adult attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder.","authors":"Jatta Berberat, Sonja M Kagerer, Claudia Späni, Jun Hua, Francesco Bavato, Philipp Gruber, Peter Cm van Zijl, Nader Perroud, Xu Li, Philipp Stämpfli, Erich Seifritz, Karl-Olof Lövblad, Boris B Quednow, Paul G Unschuld","doi":"10.1111/pcn.13806","DOIUrl":"10.1111/pcn.13806","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>Adult attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) may be associated with an increased risk of dementia in old age. Here, we investigated the liability for neurodegenerative brain disease in adult ADHD, possibly reflected by increased brain iron content and associated neuroaxonal vulnerability.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Thirty-two adults with ADHD (35 ± 10 years) and 29 age- and sex-matched controls (32 ± 12 years) underwent magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), standardized psychometric testing and assessment of lifestyle factors. Quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM) was used to assess magnetic abnormalities indicating local alterations of iron deposition in the brain. By calculating QSM-maps, local iron deposition was tested for statistically significant differences between ADHD and healthy controls. Plasma neurofilament light chain (NfL) levels were measured as an indicator of neuroaxonal integrity by using a fourth-generation ELLA immunoassay.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Brain iron content differed in persons with ADHD, with strongest effects observable in the right precentral cortex (healthy controls: 0.0033 ± 0.0017ppm; ADHD: 0.0048 ± 0.0016ppm; t(59) = 3.56, P < 0.001). Moreover, right precentral cortex iron in persons with ADHD was associated with increased blood NfL levels (F(1.57) = 13.2, P = 0.001, r² = 0.19).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our results indicate altered regional iron content in the brains of adults with ADHD. The observed association between increased precentral magnetic susceptibility and increased NfL suggests a connection between local excess of brain iron and neuroaxonal damage in ADHD. Given the limited sample size of the current study and the naturalistic medication plan, further longitudinal studies are needed to establish whether altered brain iron distribution in adults with ADHD may be associated with an increased risk of dementia at old age.</p>","PeriodicalId":20938,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences","volume":" ","pages":"282-289"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12047069/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143516539","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Why physical restraints for fall prevention in psychiatric inpatients are medically unjustifiable.","authors":"Michitaka Funayama","doi":"10.1111/pcn.13807","DOIUrl":"10.1111/pcn.13807","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20938,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences","volume":" ","pages":"292-293"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143483993","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reduction of rejection-related emotions by transcranial direct current stimulation over right ventrolateral prefrontal cortex in borderline personality disorder: A double-blind randomized pilot study.","authors":"Alessandro Lisco, Alessia Gallucci, Chiara Fabietti, Annalisa Fornaroli, Carlo Marchesi, Emanuele Preti, Paolo Riva, Chiara De Panfilis, Leonor Josefina Romero Lauro","doi":"10.1111/pcn.13792","DOIUrl":"10.1111/pcn.13792","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>Borderline personality disorder (BPD) patients show negative emotional reactions to both excluding and including social scenarios, with levels normalizing only during extreme inclusion. Prior research among healthy individuals highlights the right ventrolateral prefrontal cortex (rVLPFC) role in regulating emotional responses to social exclusion, since transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) of rVLPFC decreases rejection-related emotions following social exclusion. This pilot study investigated whether, in BPD patients, tDCS over the rVLPFC reduces rejection-related emotions not only after social exclusion but also after fair social inclusion.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Forty BPD patients randomly received either real or sham tDCS on rVLPFC before participating in the Cyberball paradigm, which involved phases of inclusion, exclusion, and over-inclusion. Participants self-reported their level of rejection-related emotions following each phase.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Transcranial direct current stimulation reduced rejection-related emotions during both social exclusion and fair inclusion, but not during over-inclusion. Specifically, those in the Real tDCS group exhibited comparable emotional responses to fair and over-including scenarios, unlike those in the Sham group who experienced heightened rejection-related emotions during fair inclusion compared to over-inclusion.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Transcranial direct current stimulation over the rVLPFC reduces BPD patients' tendency to feel rejected both in fairly including and excluding scenarios. These findings confirm the rVLPFC involvement in emotional regulation and highlight a therapeutic potential for tDCS in moderating BPD's typical heightened rejection-related emotional responses to fairly including scenarios. This study supports the application of tDCS in BPD treatment, providing new insights into neuromodulatory interventions that can aid BPD patients to better regulate their emotions during varying social scenarios.</p>","PeriodicalId":20938,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences","volume":" ","pages":"239-247"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12047065/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143374546","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Distinct delay discounting patterns in anorexia nervosa: Comparing monetary and exercise rewards across clinical subgroups.","authors":"Paolo Meneguzzo, Luisa Ladduca, Pietro Balducci, Valentina Meregalli, Enrica Bucci, Anna Pillan, Chiara Cazzola, Alice Garolla, Elisa Bonello, Francesca Buscaglia, Patrizia Todisco","doi":"10.1111/pcn.13802","DOIUrl":"10.1111/pcn.13802","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>People with anorexia nervosa (AN) often engage in compulsive exercise to control weight and manage emotions, altering the reward associated with physical activity. Delay-discounting evaluates preference for immediate over delayed rewards, potentially indicating struggles with prioritizing long-term gains. However, the impact of AN on these factors remains unexplored. This study aims to assess the attitudes of individuals with AN using a modified exercise delay discount task, comparing them with the general population.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A sample of 76 individuals (70 women, 92.1%) with a diagnosis of AN was compared with a sample of 124 people (115 women, 92.7%) without a lifetime diagnosis of any eating disorder. Two different delay discount tasks were used to evaluate different constructs: a standardized monetary delay discount task and a modified version focused on physical activity.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The standardized monetary delay discount task confirmed the existence of varied monetary rewards in different subtypes of AN. The exercise-related task demonstrated a specific emphasis on exercise within AN, showing a tendency to delay physical activity by looking for a greater amount of exercise. On the contrary, the general population opted for immediate exercise proposals.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our findings suggest that the tendency to delay physical activity could be related to the compulsive nature of exercise in patients with AN, with a possible change in cognitive evaluation based on the magnitude of exercise. Finally, in addition to psychological problems related to eating disorders, additional cognitive factors likely contribute to exercise compulsiveness, necessitating further research exploration.</p>","PeriodicalId":20938,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences","volume":" ","pages":"266-273"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12047058/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143383208","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}