Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences最新文献

{"title":"Is clozapine use a risk of hematological malignancies? Insights from a meta-analysis \"Clozapine and Malignancy Risk\".","authors":"Omar Kassar, Moaz Elsayed Abouelmagd, Muataz Kashbour, Omar Shaheen, Sheikh Shoib","doi":"10.1111/pcn.13827","DOIUrl":"10.1111/pcn.13827","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20938,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences","volume":" ","pages":"358-360"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144045161","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neuropsychiatric symptoms cluster and fluctuate over time in behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia.","authors":"Christopher B Morrow, Vidyulata Kamath, Bradford C Dickerson, Mark Eldaief, Neguine Rezaii, Bonnie Wong, Scott McGinnis, Ryan Darby, Adam M Staffaroni, Maria I Lapid, Belen Pascual, Julio C Rojas, Joseph C Masdeu, Kyrana Tsapkini, Edward D Huey, Daniel W Fisher, Alexander Pantelyat, Akshata Balaji, Eric Sah, Irene Litvan, Katya Rascovsky, Nupur Ghoshal, Kimiko Domoto-Reilly, John Kornak, Chiadi U Onyike","doi":"10.1111/pcn.13810","DOIUrl":"10.1111/pcn.13810","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>Cognitive and behavioral phenomena define behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia (bvFTD), but neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS) outside the core criteria are common throughout the illness. Identifying how NPS cluster in bvFTD may guide development of future therapies.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Participants (n = 354) with sporadic and genetic bvFTD were enrolled in the ARTFL LEFFTDS Longitudinal Frontotemporal Lobar Degeneration Consortium. Dementia stage was defined as early (CDR® plus NACC FTLD ≤1) or advanced (CDR® plus NACC FTLD ≥1). Baseline and annual follow-up visit data were analyzed to compare NPS across stages of bvFTD. Psychiatric states were captured using the Neuropsychiatric Inventory-Questionnaire and Clinician Judgment of Symptoms. Polychoric cluster analysis was used to describe NPS clusters.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>NPS were highly prevalent (≥90%) in early and late bvFTD. Four NPS clusters were identified based on magnitude of factor loadings: affective, disinhibited, compulsive, and psychosis. Neuropsychiatric symptoms fluctuated across visits. In the affective cluster, depression showed the least visit-to-visit stability. In the disinhibited cluster, elation showed the least stability. Symptoms in the psychosis and compulsive clusters (hallucinations, delusions, obsessions/compulsions, and hyperorality) were largely stable, persisting from visit-to-visit in more than 50% of cases. Symptoms in the affective and disinhibited cluster were associated with the highest caregiver burden, while symptoms in the obsessive cluster were associated with the most functional impairment.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>NPS in bvFTD are frequent and cluster into four discrete groups. The fluctuating nature of some NPS in bvFTD suggests that they may not be reliable markers of disease progression or stage.</p>","PeriodicalId":20938,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences","volume":" ","pages":"327-335"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12133425/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143625823","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Structural and metabolic topological alterations associated with butylphthalide treatment in mild cognitive impairment: Data from a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.","authors":"Xiaodong Han, Shuting Gong, Jin Gong, Pin Wang, Ruina Li, Runqi Chen, Chang Xu, Wenxian Sun, Shaoqi Li, Yufei Chen, Yuting Yang, Heya Luan, Boye Wen, Jinxuan Guo, Sirong Lv, Cuibai Wei","doi":"10.1111/pcn.13812","DOIUrl":"10.1111/pcn.13812","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>Effective intervention for mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is key for preventing dementia. As a neuroprotective agent, butylphthalide has the potential to treat MCI due to Alzheimer disease (AD). However, the pharmacological mechanism of butylphthalide from the brain network perspective is not clear. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the multimodal brain network changes associated with butylphthalide treatment in MCI due to AD.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 270 patients with MCI due to AD received either butylphthalide or placebo at a ratio of 1:1 for 1 year. Effective treatment was defined as a decrease in the Alzheimer's Disease Assessment Scale-Cognitive Subscale (ADAS-cog) > 2.5. Brain networks were constructed using T1-magnetic resonance imaging and fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography. A support vector machine was applied to develop predictive models.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Both treatment (drug vs. placebo)-time interactions and efficacy (effective vs. ineffective)-time interactions were detected on some overlapping structural network metrics. Simple effects analyses revealed a significantly increased global efficiency in the structural network under both treatment and effective treatment of butylphthalide. Among the overlapping metrics, an increased degree centrality of left paracentral lobule was significantly related to poorer cognitive improvement. The predictive model based on baseline multimodal network metrics exhibited high accuracy (88.93%) of predicting butylphthalide's efficacy.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Butylphthalide may restore abnormal organization in structural networks of patients with MCI due to AD, and baseline network metrics could be predictive markers for therapeutic efficacy of butylphthalide.</p><p><strong>Clinical trial registration: </strong>This study was registered in the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (Registration Number: ChiCTR1800018362, Registration Date: 2018-09-13).</p>","PeriodicalId":20938,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences","volume":" ","pages":"336-343"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143753918","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Validation of the neuropathological criteria of the fourth Consortium on dementia with Lewy Bodies in autopsy cases from psychiatric hospitals.","authors":"Kazuhiro Takeda, Hiroshige Fujishiro, Youta Torii, Hirotaka Sekiguchi, Shusei Arafuka, Chikako Habuchi, Ayako Miwa, Norio Ozaki, Mari Yoshida, Shuji Iritani, Yasushi Iwasaki, Masashi Ikeda","doi":"10.1111/pcn.13814","DOIUrl":"10.1111/pcn.13814","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>The pathological criteria from the fourth Consortium on Dementia With Lewy bodies (DLB) in psychiatric cohorts has not been validated. Also, the pathological differences in prodromal DLB subtypes remain unclear. This study aimed to elucidate the clinicopathological features of patients with DLB in psychiatric hospitals.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Of 165 autopsied cases, patients who developed psychiatric symptoms at 50 years or older were investigated based on the current criteria of DLB. Clinicopathological findings were compared among prodromal DLB subtypes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Sixteen of 30 cases with DLB pathology had no parkinsonism, which represented diverse nigral neurodegeneration. Regarding the scheme to estimate the likelihood of DLB syndrome, the prevalence of core clinical features excluding rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder and probable DLB diagnosis were significantly higher in the high-likelihood group than in the low-likelihood group. Regarding the prodromal DLB subtypes, mild cognitive impairment (MCI) onset was identified in 60%, psychiatric onset in 20%, delirium onset in 10%, and motor onset in 10% of cases, and the proportion of psychiatric onset or delirium onset was significantly higher compared with those without DLB pathology. Coexistence of MCI and psychiatric symptoms was observed in 41.6% of the MCI-onset cases. Patients with psychiatric-onset cases were significantly younger at the onset, with a longer disease duration than those with MCI-onset cases. No differences were observed in other clinicopathological variables among the subtypes.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The fourth Consortium pathological criteria for DLB were applicable in a psychiatric cohort. MCI-onset cases in conjunction with core clinical features is the main prodromal DLB subtype, and four cases exhibited isolated psychiatric symptoms for long-term duration.</p>","PeriodicalId":20938,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences","volume":" ","pages":"344-355"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12131206/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143753851","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrigendum to \"Exploring possible causes of lower-than-expected suicide rates in Taiwan and South Korea during the 2020-2021 COVID-19 pandemic: A time trend analysis by sex, age, and method\".","authors":"","doi":"10.1111/pcn.13832","DOIUrl":"10.1111/pcn.13832","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20938,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences","volume":" ","pages":"363"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144008913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chain of Risks Evaluation (CORE): A framework for safer large language models in public mental health.","authors":"Lingyu Li, Shuqi Kong, Haiquan Zhao, Chunbo Li, Yan Teng, Yingchun Wang","doi":"10.1111/pcn.13781","DOIUrl":"10.1111/pcn.13781","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Large language models (LLMs) have gained significant attention for their capabilities in natural language understanding and generation. However, their widespread adoption potentially raises public mental health concerns, including issues related to inequity, stigma, dependence, medical risks, and security threats. This review aims to offer a perspective within the actor-network framework, exploring the technical architectures, linguistic dynamics, and psychological effects underlying human-LLMs interactions. Based on this theoretical foundation, we propose four categories of risks, presenting increasing challenges in identification and mitigation: universal, context-specific, user-specific, and user-context-specific risks. Correspondingly, we introduce CORE: Chain of Risk Evaluation, a structured conceptual framework for assessing and mitigating the risks associated with LLMs in public mental health contexts. Our approach suggests viewing the development of responsible LLMs as a continuum from technical to public efforts. We summarize technical approaches and potential contributions from mental health practitioners that could help evaluate and regulate risks in human-LLMs interactions. We propose that mental health practitioners could play a crucial role in this emerging field by collaborating with LLMs developers, conducting empirical studies to better understand the psychological impacts on human-LLMs interactions, developing guidelines for LLMs use in mental health contexts, and engaging in public education.</p>","PeriodicalId":20938,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences","volume":" ","pages":"299-305"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143034098","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Medication equivalent dose program in R.","authors":"Shinsuke Koike, Yoji Hirano, Shinichiro Nakajima, Kentaro Morita","doi":"10.1111/pcn.13817","DOIUrl":"10.1111/pcn.13817","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20938,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences","volume":" ","pages":"356-357"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12131204/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143753361","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sodium benzoate, a D-amino acid oxidase inhibitor, improved short-term memory in patients with mild cognitive impairment in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial.","authors":"Chieh-Hsin Lin, Shi-Heng Wang, Hsien-Yuan Lane","doi":"10.1111/pcn.13841","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/pcn.13841","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Previous studies have found that sodium benzoate (the pivotal D-amino acid oxidase [DAO] inhibitor) improved cognitive function in patients with mild Alzheimer disease; however, its efficacy for mild cognitive impairment (MCI) (especially its core feature, impaired short-term memory) remains uncertain. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of sodium benzoate in treating amnestic MCI (aMCI).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study was a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial conducted in a major medical center in Taiwan. Eighty-two patients with aMCI were recruited for 24-week treatment of 250 to 1500 mg/day of sodium benzoate or placebo. Overall, cognitive function was measured by Alzheimer's Disease Assessment Scale-Cognitive Subscale (ADAS-cog), and short-term memory was evaluated by the 'recall of test instructions' item in the ADAS-cog. The generalized estimating equation was applied to compare the two groups in efficacy.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Compared with placebo, sodium benzoate therapy, displayed a trend, albeit statistically insignificant, in improving overall cognitive function (P = 0.082), and significantly improved short-term memory (P = 0.044). Both benzoate and placebo were well tolerated and benzoate therapy produced no additional side effect.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>With the moderate sample size of the current study, treatment using sodium benzoate, a DAO inhibitor, showed promise in improving cognition, especially short-term memory, in patients with aMCI. Of note, while the ADAS-cog total score has been regarded as insensitive in measuring aMCI, its 'recall of test instructions' item may be a more sensitive and clinically feasible tool. Further larger studies are warranted to confirm the preliminary finding.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier. NCT04736355.</p>","PeriodicalId":20938,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144128504","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of lisdexamfetamine on difficulty waking.","authors":"Hiroyuki Sasaki, Shuken Boku, Minoru Takebayashi","doi":"10.1111/pcn.13840","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/pcn.13840","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20938,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144111847","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The sense of smell is a possible screening tool for identification of cognitive decline.","authors":"Shinsuke Koike","doi":"10.1111/pcn.13838","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/pcn.13838","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20938,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144102249","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}