Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences最新文献

{"title":"Insula-cerebellar connectivity in mood disorders: From regional specificity to large-scale validation.","authors":"Shinsuke Koike","doi":"10.1111/pcn.70152","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/pcn.70152","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20938,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2026-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149167777","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Deep brain stimulation of NAc/ALIC is linked to improved inhibitory control in alcohol use disorder.","authors":"Wenlei Zhang, Lei Guo, Hong Gan, Weicong Sang, Yujian Ye, Chengjie Tang, Xiaotian Wu, Di Zhao, Min Zhao, Haifeng Jiang","doi":"10.1111/pcn.70149","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/pcn.70149","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20938,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2026-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149169036","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Response to [Incremental validation of Neurofilament light chain for methamphetamine recurrence risk].","authors":"Shyh-Yuh Wei, Tzu-Yun Wang","doi":"10.1111/pcn.70141","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/pcn.70141","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This article relates to Response to [Incremental validation of neurofilament light chain for methamphetamine recurrence risk].</p>","PeriodicalId":20938,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2026-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149138099","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Growth factor polygenic disposition shapes associations of childhood adversity with gray matter and clinical profiles in depression: A two-cohort imaging-genetics study.","authors":"Tommaso Cazzella, Lidia Fortaner-Uyà, Marco Paolini, Chiara Percaccioli, Federica Colombo, Edoardo Venturelli, Cristina Colombo, Raffaella Zanardi, Sara Spadini, Cristina Lorenzi, Alessandro Serretti, Chiara Fabbri, Sara Poletti, Benedetta Vai, Francesco Benedetti","doi":"10.1111/pcn.70144","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/pcn.70144","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>Adverse childhood experiences (ACE) are associated with greater symptom severity and treatment resistance in major depressive disorder (MDD), but their effects vary markedly across individuals. Growth factor polygenic profiles may contribute to this differential susceptibility by influencing stress responsivity, neuroplasticity, and structural brain variation.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In an inpatient cohort (n = 88) and a population-based UK Biobank cohort (n = 226), we tested whether polygenic scores (PGSs) for growth factors moderated the associations of ACE with symptom severity and treatment-resistant depression (TRD) in depressed patients. The moderating effects of growth factor PGSs were modeled individually (single-pathway moderation) and jointly using principal component analysis (PCA). We further tested whether the identified associations were mediated by gray matter volumes (GMVs) in a moderated mediation framework.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In the clinical cohort, the associations between ACE and symptom severity were moderated by PGSs for stem cell factor [SCF/KITLG (t = 3.92, p_FDR = 0.002)] and hepatocyte growth factor [HGF/MET (t = -2.81, p_FDR = 0.03)]. Moderated-mediation models identified conditional indirect effects involving GMV in parahippocampal and posterior cingulate regions (indices of moderated mediation: 0.17 and -0.33, respectively). A PCA-derived growth factor profile showed a convergent pattern with the single-PGS findings and moderated the associations of ACE with TRD (z = -2.29, P = 0.022). In the UK Biobank cohort, the moderating effect of ACE × SCF/KITLG PGS was replicated (t = 2.27, P = 0.024).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Growth factor polygenic disposition related to SCF/KITLG and HGF/MET may contribute to differential susceptibility to ACE in MDD. Structural brain findings were observed in medial temporal and cingulate regions and warrant confirmation in independent samples.</p>","PeriodicalId":20938,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2026-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149114241","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transdiagnostic patterns of electroencephalography (EEG)-derived aperiodic activity across schizophrenia-spectrum, bipolar, and depressive disorders: A systematic review.","authors":"Gia Han Le, Sabrina Wong, Sara Di Luch, Diana K Orsini, Shreya Vasudeva, Sri Mahavir Agarwal, Cristian-Daniel Llach, Joshua D Rosenblat, Roger S McIntyre","doi":"10.1111/pcn.70143","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/pcn.70143","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Aperiodic electroencephalographic activity is proposed as a scalable marker of cortical population dynamics relevant to excitation-inhibition balance. However, it remains unclear whether aperiodic parameters represent disorder-specific abnormalities or context-sensitive indices of clinically relevant brain states. Consistent with systematic-review guidelines and a prospectively registered protocol, Ovid databases and PubMed were searched from inception through February 9, 2026, with updated manual searching conducted through July 14, 2026. Peer-reviewed studies reporting electroencephalography-derived aperiodic parameters in adults with schizophrenia-spectrum disorders, major depressive disorder, treatment-resistant depression, and/or bipolar disorder were eligible. Studies lacking aperiodic outcomes or separable findings for eligible diagnoses were excluded. Two reviewers independently conducted study screening, data extraction, and risk-of-bias assessments. Findings were synthesized narratively by diagnosis, recording context, and parameter. Thirty articles (N = 2298 aggregate participants) spanning cross-sectional, longitudinal, and interventional designs were included. Findings in schizophrenia-spectrum disorders were heterogeneous, with several studies reporting steeper slopes, higher offsets, or reduced temporal flexibility relative to healthy controls. Task-related and dynamic measures often showed greater clinical relevance than static resting-state parameters. Studies of major depressive disorder and treatment-resistant depression more consistently reported flatter slopes and reduced offsets, particularly in central and posterior regions, with evidence from sleep and intracranial recordings. Aperiodic parameters were sensitive to treatment-related modulation, although the direction of change differed across interventions. Bipolar disorder evidence was limited, and methodological heterogeneity precluded quantitative synthesis. Aperiodic electroencephalographic activity may be more informative as a context-sensitive, within-subject marker of cortical state and treatment-related change than a fixed diagnostic signature. Methodological harmonization and direct physiological validation remain necessary before clinical implementation.</p>","PeriodicalId":20938,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2026-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149114278","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fractal dynamics in spontaneous motor activity associate with effective antidepressant chronotherapeutic response, cerebellar volumes, and white matter microstructure in bipolar disorder.","authors":"Chiara Verga, Beatrice Bravi, Edoardo Venturelli, Bianca Maria Benatti, Simone Maruca, Cristina Colombo, Peng Li, Sara Dallaspezia, Francesco Benedetti","doi":"10.1111/pcn.70107","DOIUrl":"10.1111/pcn.70107","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>Bipolar disorder (BD) is characterized by circadian dysregulation, altered sleep-wake behaviors, and heterogeneous antidepressant response. Chronotherapeutic interventions such as total sleep deprivation combined with light therapy (TSD + LT) produce rapid antidepressant effects, but predictors of outcome are lacking. We investigated whether fractal dynamics of motor activity, indexed by the short-term scaling exponent α₁, are associated with antidepressant response, sleep-wake regulation, and structural brain measures and may serve as a biomarker of treatment responsiveness.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Sixty-eight BD inpatients underwent three cycles of TSD + LT. Depressive symptoms were assessed with the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS), and treatment response was defined as a post-treatment HDRS score <8. α₁ was derived from actigraphy using detrended fluctuation analysis, with values close to 1 indicating optimal fractal regulation. α₁ was computed before and after TSD + LT, and Δα₁ represented treatment-related change. Sleep-wake and circadian parameters were examined. A subsample underwent multimodal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>TSD + LT induced clinical improvement in 65.3% of patients. Responders showed a significant reduction in α₁ toward values close to 1, whereas nonresponders did not. Δα₁ correlated with symptom improvement (P = 0.035) and was independently associated with treatment response (P = 0.039). Baseline α₁ was associated with sleep-wake parameters, cerebellar gray matter volume, and white-matter microstructure, including cerebellar peduncles and thalamo-cortical tracts. Circadian rhythmicity increased in responders and decreased in nonresponders.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Fractal motor activity tracks clinical changes during chronotherapeutic treatment in BD and may represent a candidate marker of treatment-related behavioral regulation. Its association with cerebellar and white-matter measures suggests multimodal relevance, warranting validation in larger longitudinal studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":20938,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences","volume":" ","pages":"845-855"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148592834","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hyperconnectivity and network inflexibility in large-scale brain networks: Linking childhood neglect to depression via task and resting-state fMRI.","authors":"Xinyu Cao, Huihui Yang, Zhaoxia Liu, Sainan Cai, Ming Cheng, Chuting Li, Haiyan Liao, Jinyao Yi","doi":"10.1111/pcn.70109","DOIUrl":"10.1111/pcn.70109","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Childhood neglect is a potent risk factor for major depressive disorder (MDD), yet its underlying neural mechanisms linking neglect to depression remain poorly understood. This study aimed to investigate brain network alterations and task-rest functional connectivity (FC) similarity associated with childhood neglect and to clarify their mechanistic roles in depression.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Participants included MDD patients with childhood neglect (n = 42), MDD patients without childhood trauma (n = 23), and healthy controls without childhood trauma (n = 66). All participants completed clinical scales and underwent both resting-state and task-based fMRI during a Go/No-Go response inhibition task.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>(1) A distinct subnetwork comprising 207 edges across 170 nodes (P < 0.05) exhibited hyperconnectivity in the MDD-Neglect group compared to both the MDD-No Trauma group (P < 0.001) and healthy controls (P < 0.001), with prominent involvement of the default mode network and dorsal attention network. (2) The connectivity strength of the significant subnetwork positively predicted depressive symptom severity (β = 0.438, P < 0.001) and significantly mediated the relationship between childhood neglect and depressive symptoms. (3) The task-rest FC similarity of the significant subnetwork also positively predicted depressive symptom severity (β = 0.328, P < 0.001) and mediated the relationship between childhood neglect and depressive symptoms.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Childhood neglect may exacerbate depression through two complementary neurofunctional mechanisms: heightened static connectivity within a cognitive control subnetwork and diminished dynamic flexibility in brain network reconfiguration. These complementary network-level features advance a network-based understanding of how early adversity confers lasting depression risk.</p><p><strong>Significant outcomes: </strong>Patients with major depressive disorder and a history of childhood neglect exhibited a distinct pattern of hyperconnectivity within a large-scale brain subnetwork (primarily involving the DMN, DAN, and SAN) during response inhibition. Both increased functional connectivity strength and higher task-rest FC similarity within the network independently mediated the relationship between childhood neglect and depressive symptom severity.</p><p><strong>Limitations: </strong>The cross-sectional design of this study limits causal inferences about the directional relationships among childhood neglect, brain network alterations, and depressive symptoms. Childhood neglect was assessed retrospectively via self-report, which may be subject to recall bias. The study is specific to the domain of response inhibition and functional connectivity measures, limiting generalization to other cognitive or emotional processes and to multimodal neural mechanisms.</p>","PeriodicalId":20938,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences","volume":" ","pages":"856-865"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148606724","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reduced plasma C-mannosyl tryptophan in major depressive disorder.","authors":"Osamu Yonekawa, Daiki Setoyama, Toshio Matsushima, Tomohiro Nakao, Dongchon Kang, Takahiro A Kato","doi":"10.1111/pcn.70119","DOIUrl":"10.1111/pcn.70119","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20938,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences","volume":" ","pages":"866-867"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148797513","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Longitudinal MRI studies of children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: A systematic review.","authors":"Ayaka Ishii-Takahashi, Yuzu Yoshimaru, Dwi Muhammad, Takuya Kawahara, Rio Yamaguchi","doi":"10.1111/pcn.70100","DOIUrl":"10.1111/pcn.70100","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We reviewed longitudinal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies exploring the brain development of children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Specifically, we conducted a systematic review of papers published until 9 September 2025 in English on pediatric patients with ADHD. After screening 3385 studies, 32 were selected for review. The age range at baseline for the participants in the review ranged from 4 to 18 years old. Children with ADHD exhibited delays in brain volume and cortical thickness compared to typically developing (TD) children, particularly at baseline, with these differences often persisting over time, with four key trends. First, children with ADHD showed smaller cerebral and cerebellar volumes, with no significant changes in their developmental trajectories. Second, there was a delayed peak in the cortical thickness, surface area, and gyrification observed in regions such as the prefrontal, temporal, and occipital gyri for children with ADHD. Third, the differences in brain volume and cortical thickness between ADHD and TD children diminished with age, particularly in the cerebellar white matter and caudate. Finally, ADHD children showed atypical growth patterns such as contraction of the ventral striatum surface area. A meta-analysis of longitudinal changes in total gray matter volume revealed no significant differences between children with ADHD and TD peers. Due to inconsistencies across studies and methodological challenges in integrating these findings, the results should be interpreted with caution. Selection bias is another concern. Multicenter studies with standardized protocols, long-term follow-ups, considering gender, comorbidities, and medication effects are required to enhance study replicability.</p>","PeriodicalId":20938,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences","volume":" ","pages":"789-812"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13644371/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148593007","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Different effects of social cognitive skills training in schizophrenia and autism spectrum disorder: A rater-blinded, multicenter, randomized controlled trial.","authors":"Sadao Otsuka, Satsuki Oe, Sumie Yamada, Haruka Kumoi, Ryoichi Suwabe, Tatsuro Iwane, Kosuke Tsurumi, Toshiya Murai","doi":"10.1111/pcn.70106","DOIUrl":"10.1111/pcn.70106","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>Schizophrenia (SCZ) and autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are both characterized by social cognitive impairments that strongly predict poor functional outcomes. However, evidence-based social cognitive interventions have been developed only for SCZ. This study investigated the feasibility and efficacy of social cognitive skills training (SCST), focusing on both common and different effects on SCZ and ASD.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Forty-seven adults with SCZ and/or ASD were randomly assigned to SCST (n = 24) or a treatment-as-usual control (CON; n = 23). The Japanese version of SCST developed for this study comprised weekly 2-h group sessions over 6 weeks and targeted two social cognition levels: lower-level emotional processing and higher-level theory of mind. Blinded raters assessed social cognition, neurocognition, clinical symptoms, and functioning at baseline, post-intervention, and 6-week follow-up.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>SCST significantly improved facial emotion perception across diagnoses and demonstrated a trend-level ASD-specific improvement in theory of mind. These effects were maintained and generalized to improved global functioning only for ASD at follow-up. High attendance and positive participant feedback in both groups indicated the intervention's feasibility.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study provides initial evidence supporting the feasibility and efficacy of social cognitive interventions as a transdiagnostic approach for SCZ and ASD and is the first to show functional benefits in adults with ASD. The findings highlight both shared and disorder-specific mechanisms of social cognitive impairments and support the development of hybrid interventions that integrate transdiagnostic core components with tailored, diagnosis-sensitive modules for diverse psychiatric populations.</p><p><strong>Clinical trial registration: </strong>The study protocol was preregistered on the University Hospital Medical Information Network Clinical Trials Registry (UMIN000041619; https://center6.umin.ac.jp/cgi-open-bin/ctr/ctr_view.cgi?recptno=R000047105; September 7, 2020).</p>","PeriodicalId":20938,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences","volume":" ","pages":"830-844"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13644380/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148562910","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}