{"title":"A Small-Reconfigurable Low-Pass Filter for Analog Front-End Receivers","authors":"Fabio Kelm Pereira, G. Fraidenraich, E. Lima","doi":"10.1109/ICECS46596.2019.8964982","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICECS46596.2019.8964982","url":null,"abstract":"Some applications in communications have multiple bandwidths, requiring circuits with more flexibility in the radio receiver. This work proposes a reconfigurable, fully integrated Sixth Order Butterworth filter for these front-end receivers. To achieve this, the circuit uses a transistor-based structure to act as a voltage-controlled resistor. The resulting circuit is simulated using a 65nm CMOS technology. It attains a footprint of 0.015mm2 and a frequency step of 1 MHz in filter selectivity. The designed filter is compared to State-of-the-Art works, proving it can be used in multiple applications and configurations from 40 MHz down to 1 MHz channel bandwidth.","PeriodicalId":209054,"journal":{"name":"2019 26th IEEE International Conference on Electronics, Circuits and Systems (ICECS)","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115619236","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Zhaochen Yin, Walter Audoglio, M. Grassi, P. Malcovati, E. Bonizzoni
{"title":"Performance Comparison of a Strong-Arm Latch in Different Ultra-Scaled Technologies","authors":"Zhaochen Yin, Walter Audoglio, M. Grassi, P. Malcovati, E. Bonizzoni","doi":"10.1109/ICECS46596.2019.8964769","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICECS46596.2019.8964769","url":null,"abstract":"This paper compares the performance achievable in different scaled technologies by analog circuits, using a strong-arm latch as an example. The performance analysis has been carried out in a 7-nm and a 16-nm FinFET technologies, and in a 28-nm FDSOI technology, considering different input signal amplitudes, input common-mode voltage levels, process corners, and temperatures. The circuit used for the comparison has been optimized for the 7-nm technology with a supply voltage of 0.9 V and a clock frequency of 1 GHz and scaled, maintaining the same transistor aspect ratio in the other technologies. In typical cases, the 7-nm technology is slower than the 16-nm technology, but it has better performance in terms of power-delay product (PDP). The 16-nm technology features lower delay when the input common-mode voltage is higher than 750 mV, but with larger PDP. The 28-nm technology in all the cases is the slowest in speed and achieves the worst PDP.","PeriodicalId":209054,"journal":{"name":"2019 26th IEEE International Conference on Electronics, Circuits and Systems (ICECS)","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115635498","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Z. Kolka, J. Vavra, V. Biolková, A. Ascoli, R. Tetzlaff, D. Biolek
{"title":"Programmable Emulator of Genuinely Floating Memristive Switching Devices","authors":"Z. Kolka, J. Vavra, V. Biolková, A. Ascoli, R. Tetzlaff, D. Biolek","doi":"10.1109/ICECS46596.2019.8965202","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICECS46596.2019.8965202","url":null,"abstract":"In contrast to the demands for the hardware emulation of existing resistive switching devices with complex nonlinear dynamics, most of today's hardware emulators mimic the behavior of ideal memristors, which comply with original Chua's definition. We demonstrate an effective method of emulating complex models such as the models by Pickett, Bayat, or Strachan. All these devices can be modeled as first-order extended memristors with their standard port and state equations. The core of the emulator consists of a microcontroller-based nonlinear resistive two-port. One port is supplied from a current source controlled by a nonlinear function of the voltages across both ports. The state equation of the emulated device is modeled via connecting a capacitor across this port, its voltage being a state variable. The second port is loaded by a digital potentiometer whose conductance is controlled by port voltages. This port implements the equation of state-dependent Ohm's law. The digital potentiometer, as well as the microcontroller providing the digital signal processing of the port and state equations, are carefully selected in terms of the dynamic range, quantization noise, speed, complexity of modeled equations, and power consumption. The emulator was successfully tested for mimicking the complex behavior of the above devices in fully floating configurations.","PeriodicalId":209054,"journal":{"name":"2019 26th IEEE International Conference on Electronics, Circuits and Systems (ICECS)","volume":"21 2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116683618","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Modeling Piezoelectric Harvesters under Amplitude and Frequency Modulated Vibrations","authors":"L. Costanzo, A. L. Schiavo, M. Vitelli","doi":"10.1109/ICECS46596.2019.8964969","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICECS46596.2019.8964969","url":null,"abstract":"The prediction of the extractable power from energy harvesting devices is of utmost interest for system designers. In this paper, this issue is addressed in the case of Piezoelectric Resonant Vibration Energy Harvesters (PRVEHs) driven by amplitude and frequency modulated vibrations. The widespread architecture of PRVEH systems made up of a passive rectifier cascaded by a DC/DC converter is here considered. An analytical expression of the harvested power as a function of the voltage at the output of the passive rectifier is derived for the cases of vibrations with amplitude modulation and frequency modulation. Further, an analytical-numerical formula is presented for PRVEHs fed by non-sinusoidal vibrations exhibiting envelope and frequency with slow variations. Numerical simulations confirm the theoretical results.","PeriodicalId":209054,"journal":{"name":"2019 26th IEEE International Conference on Electronics, Circuits and Systems (ICECS)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121264351","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
E. Bolzan, Elias Bühler Storck, M. C. Schneider, C. Galup-Montoro
{"title":"Design and testing of a CMOS Self-Biased Current Source","authors":"E. Bolzan, Elias Bühler Storck, M. C. Schneider, C. Galup-Montoro","doi":"10.1109/ICECS46596.2019.8965003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICECS46596.2019.8965003","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents the design and testing of a self-biased current source. The design described in this paper is based on the concept of inversion coefficient, which allows a direct calculation of the dispersion in the output current in terms of the internal bias errors and transistor mismatch. The circuit was fabricated in a standard CMOS 180 nm technology.","PeriodicalId":209054,"journal":{"name":"2019 26th IEEE International Conference on Electronics, Circuits and Systems (ICECS)","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124930767","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Fabio Rossi, P. Ros, S. Cecchini, A. Crema, S. Micera, D. Demarchi
{"title":"An Event-Driven Closed-Loop System for Real-Time FES Control","authors":"Fabio Rossi, P. Ros, S. Cecchini, A. Crema, S. Micera, D. Demarchi","doi":"10.1109/ICECS46596.2019.8965153","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICECS46596.2019.8965153","url":null,"abstract":"Active functional rehabilitation procedures, exoskeleton application and prosthesis employment are essential tools for the society life reinstatement of subjects affected by neuromuscular disorders or victims of serious physical accident. In this paper we propose a closed-loop system for the control of the Functional Electrical Stimulation (FES) based on the Average Threshold Crossing (ATC) event-driven processing technique applied to the sEMG signal. It allows an energy saving, low complex, and real-time muscle activity monitoring suitable for bio-feedback lines applications. Two functional modalities are implemented: self-administered stimulation, in which a person is able to self-stimulate herself/himself, and two-subjects stimulation, that covers the standard rehabilitation flow in which both the therapist and the patient are involved. The system has been tested on 19 healthy subjects to evaluate its performance in term of reproducibility between the voluntary movement and the stimulated one, obtaining a median value of the correlation coefficient, used as similarity measurement, above 0.9 across a wide range of benchmark movements. The promising results confirm the feasibility of controlling myoelectric exoskeleton and prosthesis with the ATC processing approach.","PeriodicalId":209054,"journal":{"name":"2019 26th IEEE International Conference on Electronics, Circuits and Systems (ICECS)","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125044822","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Rafael S. Ferreira, Mateus Leme, M. Corrêa, L. Agostini, C. Diniz, B. Zatt
{"title":"Approximate Subtractor Operator for Low-Power Video Coding Hardware Accelerators","authors":"Rafael S. Ferreira, Mateus Leme, M. Corrêa, L. Agostini, C. Diniz, B. Zatt","doi":"10.1109/ICECS46596.2019.8964783","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICECS46596.2019.8964783","url":null,"abstract":"Video coding requires a massive computational effort leading to large power dissipation and energy consumption. Thus, energy efficiency becomes a significant concern especially under limited energy resources such as in mobile devices. Approximate computing is a promising technique to improve energy efficiency. Therefore, this work presents a new approximate subtractor operator to be used in video coding hardware accelerators. The proposed subtractor reduces power of a Sum of Absolute Differences (SAD) hardware accelerator on approximately 10.39% (on average of different videos) when compared to the use of the subtractor from the synthesis tool. It also presents a power reduction of 18.13% when compared to state-of-the-art approximate adder.","PeriodicalId":209054,"journal":{"name":"2019 26th IEEE International Conference on Electronics, Circuits and Systems (ICECS)","volume":"63 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126023016","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
E. Blokhina, Andrii Sokolov, Xiaosi Tian, D. Galayko
{"title":"Pattern Recognition in Human Motion for Kinetic Energy Harvesting","authors":"E. Blokhina, Andrii Sokolov, Xiaosi Tian, D. Galayko","doi":"10.1109/ICECS46596.2019.8964915","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICECS46596.2019.8964915","url":null,"abstract":"Kinetic energy harvesting from external vibrations is a common technique to scavenge energy from the environment to power a miniature autonomous sensors. In the first generation of energy harvesters, the designers relied on periodic motion to design and optimize the operation of a harvester. Since the functionality of sensors and the types of environment where they can be placed vary significantly, new techniques to scavenge kinetic energy from irregular motion, in particular the one produced by humans, have emerged. In this paper, we study patterns and self-similarity of acceleration time series generated from human motion in application to a technique known as near-limit kinetic energy harvesters. We show that human motion corresponding to specific physical activities such as running or walking possesses high self-similarity and hence is particularly suitable to be used with the near-limit energy harvesting technique.","PeriodicalId":209054,"journal":{"name":"2019 26th IEEE International Conference on Electronics, Circuits and Systems (ICECS)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126102400","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Computationally Light Pruning Strategy for Single Layer Neural Networks based on Threshold Function","authors":"E. Ragusa, C. Gianoglio, R. Zunino, P. Gastaldo","doi":"10.1109/ICECS46596.2019.8964894","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICECS46596.2019.8964894","url":null,"abstract":"Embedded machine learning relies on inference functions that can fit resource-constrained, low-power computing devices. The literature proves that single layer neural networks using threshold functions can provide a suitable trade off between classification accuracy and computational cost. In this regard, the number of neurons directly impacts both on computational complexity and on resources allocation. Thus, the present research aims at designing an efficient pruning technique that can take into account the peculiarities of the threshold function. The paper shows that feature selection criteria based on filter models can effectively be applied to neuron selection. In particular, valuable outcomes can be obtained by designing ad-hoc objective functions for the selection process. An extensive experimental campaign confirms that the proposed objective function compares favourably with state-of-the-art pruning techniques.","PeriodicalId":209054,"journal":{"name":"2019 26th IEEE International Conference on Electronics, Circuits and Systems (ICECS)","volume":"55 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123326970","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Iosif-Angelos Fyrigos, V. Ntinas, G. Sirakoulis, P. Dimitrakis, I. Karafyllidis
{"title":"Memristor Hardware Accelerator of Quantum Computations","authors":"Iosif-Angelos Fyrigos, V. Ntinas, G. Sirakoulis, P. Dimitrakis, I. Karafyllidis","doi":"10.1109/ICECS46596.2019.8965109","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICECS46596.2019.8965109","url":null,"abstract":"Quantum computing and quantum computers are a major part of the second quantum revolution. Existing quantum algorithms can natively solve complex problems, such as the prime number factorization and searching of unstructured databases, in a fast and efficient way. The main obstacle towards building large and efficient quantum computers is decoherence, which produces errors that have to be continuously corrected using quantum error correcting codes. Beyond the realisation of quantum computing systems with actual quantum hardware, quantum algorithms have been developed based on quantum logic gates that can be described and utilised by classical computers and proper interfaces based on linear algebra operations. Furthermore, memristive grids have been proposed as novel nanoscale and low-power hardware accelerators for the time-consuming matrix-vector multiplication and tensor products. In this work, given that for quantum computations simulation, the matrix-vector multiplication is the dominant algebraic operation, we utilize the unprecedented characteristics of memristive grids to implement circuit-level quantum computations. Since all quantum computations can be mapped to quantum circuits, memristive grids can also be used as efficient quantum simulators, as classical/quantum interfaces and also as accelerators in mixed classical-quantum computing systems.","PeriodicalId":209054,"journal":{"name":"2019 26th IEEE International Conference on Electronics, Circuits and Systems (ICECS)","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123421326","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}