Radiology最新文献

{"title":"Erratum for: 2024 International Expert Consensus on US-guided Thermal Ablation for T1N0M0 Papillary Thyroid Cancer.","authors":"Zhen-Long Zhao, Shu-Rong Wang, Jennifer Kuo, Bülent Çekiç, Lei Liang, Hossam Arafa Ghazi, Shu-Hang Xu, Gerardo Amabile, Song-Song Wu, Ajit Yadav, Gang Dong, Ingo Janssen, Bo-Qiang Fan, Nobuhiro Fukunari, Jun-Feng He, Le Thanh Dung, Song-Yuan Yu, Sum Leong, Jian-Jun Yu, Yi-Hong Chou, Rafael De Cicco, Ying Che, Kai-Lun Cheng, Emad Kandil, Wei-Che Lin, Dong Xu, Jonathon Russell, Man Lu, Ralph P Tufano, Lin-Xue Qian, Gregory W Randolph, Jian-Qiao Zhou, Giovanni Mauri, Hong-Hui Su, Marika Russell, Amr H Abdelhamid Ahmed, Kaustubh Patel, Jung Hwan Baek, Ji-Hoon Kim, Ying Wei, Ming-An Yu","doi":"10.1148/radiol.259009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1148/radiol.259009","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20896,"journal":{"name":"Radiology","volume":"315 2","pages":"e259009"},"PeriodicalIF":12.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144151477","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Management and Prevention of Hypersensitivity Reactions to Radiocontrast Media: A Consensus Statement from the American College of Radiology and the American Academy of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology.","authors":"Carolyn Wang,Allison Ramsey,David Lang,Ana Maria Copaescu,Pranay Krishnan,Merin Kuruvilla,Benjamin Mervak,Jeffrey Newhouse,Alisa Sumkin,Rebecca Saff","doi":"10.1148/radiol.240100","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1148/radiol.240100","url":null,"abstract":"Intravenous iodinated contrast media (ICM) is widely used in the United States, and it is imperative to provide guidance on the management of adverse reactions to ICM as well as the preparation, planning, and potential premedication for patients with previous reactions. Currently there is a discordance between the American College of Radiology Contrast Manual, which recommends premedication to prevent repeat hypersensitivity reactions to ICM, and the Anaphylaxis 2020 Practice Parameters Update, which recommends against routine administration of glucocorticoids and/or antihistamines to prevent anaphylaxis with prior ICM hypersensitivity reactions. A task force of experts from radiology who are also members of the American College of Radiology Committee on Drugs and Contrast Media and expert allergists/immunologists including members of the Adverse Reactions to Drugs, Biologics and Latex Committee of American Academy of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology evaluated the scientific evidence to develop consensus recommendations that are endorsed by both organizations. The task force took into account the strength of evidence and balanced the potential risks of recurrent reactions with those of premedication and product avoidance when making these recommendations to improve and standardize the care of patients who experience or have a history of reaction to ICM. © Radiological Society of North America and American Academy of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology. Published by Elsevier Inc on behalf of American Academy of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology and by Radiological Society of North America. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies. This paper was jointly developed by The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology: In Practice, Radiology and jointly published by Elsevier Inc and Radiological Society of North America. The articles are identical except for minor stylistic and spelling differences in keeping with each journal's style. Either citation can be used when citing this article. Keywords: Contrast allergy, Contrast hypersensitivity, Iodinated contrast allergy, Iodinated contrast hypersensitivity, Anaphylaxis, Contrast skin testing, Contrast switching, Contrast reaction, Delayed contrast reaction, Immediate contrast reaction.","PeriodicalId":20896,"journal":{"name":"Radiology","volume":"24 1","pages":"e240100"},"PeriodicalIF":19.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143914844","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Idarubicin versus Epirubicin in Transarterial Chemoembolization for Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer Stage B Hepatocellular Carcinoma: An Open-label, Randomized, Phase IV Trial.","authors":"Haikuan Liu,Wenzhe Fan,Haiqing Li,Liangliang Qiao,Zhilong Liu,Bowen Zhu,Jian Guo,Kun Huang,Yiyang Tang,Jie Wen,Miao Xue,Yanqin Wu,Yue Zhao,Yang Jiang,Kangshou Liu,Junjie Liang,Mingrong Cao,Jiaping Li","doi":"10.1148/radiol.242315","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1148/radiol.242315","url":null,"abstract":"Background Transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) is regarded as the first-line treatment for patients with Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer (BCLC) stage B hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, the optimal chemotherapeutic agent loaded in TACE remains controversial. Purpose To compare the efficacy and safety of idarubicin and epirubicin as loaded drugs in drug-eluting bead (DEB)-TACE in patients with BCLC stage B HCC. Materials and Methods In this open-label, phase IV trial, patients with BCLC stage B HCC were recruited from four centers from August 2020 to October 2022 and randomly assigned (at a one-to-one ratio) to undergo idarubicin DEB-TACE or epirubicin DEB-TACE. The primary end point was progression-free survival (PFS), which was measured from the time of randomization to the time of progression or death from any cause. The efficacy analysis was conducted on an intention-to-treat basis, and only participants who received treatment were included in the safety analysis. Results A total of 239 participants (median age, 57 years; IQR, 50-66 years; 210 male) were randomly assigned to the idarubicin group (n = 120) or the epirubicin group (n = 119). The primary analysis cutoff for PFS was March 1, 2023, with 167 events observed (70%; idarubicin group, 85 events; epirubicin group, 82 events). The median PFS was 10.8 months and 8.7 months in the idarubicin and epirubicin groups, respectively (hazard ratio [HR], 0.61; 95% CI: 0.44, 0.84; P = .002). The HR for median overall survival (OS) was 0.53 (95% CI: 0.31, 0.88), with OS rates of 81.5% and 77.3% at 12 months and 71.8% and 54.0% at 24 months for the idarubicin and epirubicin groups, respectively. The objective response rates were 70.8% and 57.1% for the idarubicin and epirubicin groups, respectively (P = .03). There was no evidence of a between-group difference in incidence of adverse events, including hematologic toxicity. No treatment-related deaths were observed. Conclusion Idarubicin DEB-TACE increased survival in participants with BCLC stage B HCC, without an increase in the incidence of any adverse events. Clinical trial registration no. ChiCTR2000034758 © RSNA, 2025 Supplemental material is available for this article.","PeriodicalId":20896,"journal":{"name":"Radiology","volume":"3 1","pages":"e242315"},"PeriodicalIF":19.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143914850","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tackling Moral Distress in Radiology: Root Causes and Systemic Solutions.","authors":"Kate Hanneman, Mina S Makary","doi":"10.1148/radiol.250273","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1148/radiol.250273","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20896,"journal":{"name":"Radiology","volume":"315 2","pages":"e250273"},"PeriodicalIF":12.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144111724","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Navigating Bias and Fairness in AI.","authors":"Melissa A Davis","doi":"10.1148/radiol.250081","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1148/radiol.250081","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20896,"journal":{"name":"Radiology","volume":"315 2","pages":"e250081"},"PeriodicalIF":12.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144111794","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Case 341.","authors":"Nikolaos S Avramiotis, Matthias A Mutke, Matthias Mehling, Ramona-Alexandra Todea, Marios-Nikos Psychogios, Urs M Fischer, Joachim Fladt","doi":"10.1148/radiol.243300","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1148/radiol.243300","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>History: </strong>A 36-year-old man with known history of relapsing multiple sclerosis of 13-year duration who was undergoing continuous treatment with subcutaneous interferon-β (44 µg three times per week) presented to the emergency department of our hospital with blurry vision of 1-week duration. Routine MRI performed 1 month earlier had revealed five new fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (or FLAIR) T2-hyperintense cerebellar lesions without contrast enhancement, suggesting active relapsing multiple sclerosis (Fig 1), albeit without corresponding neurologic deficits. The patient denied any other symptoms, apart from known yet intensified intermittent tension-type headaches. His history was unremarkable for drug use, recent infections, or travel. There was no routine use of other medication. Apart from a markedly elevated blood pressure (214/122 mm Hg), vital signs were within normal ranges (heart rate, 72 beats per minute; temperature, 97.9 °F [36.6 °C]; respiratory rate, 19 breaths per minute; oxygen saturation, 100%). Physical examination findings were unremarkable. Findings of a neurologic examination were normal, except for known saccadic gaze, with an Expanded Disability Status Scale (or EDSS) of 1. Acute ophthalmologic evaluation with fundoscopy showed bilateral hypertensive retinopathy, without signs of optic neuritis. Laboratory analysis revealed known increased liver enzyme levels due to interferon-β treatment (aspartate aminotransferase level, 123 U/L [2.05 µkat/L]; normal range, 11-34 U/L [0.18-0.57 µkat/L]; alanine aminotransferase level, 179 U/L [2.99 µkat/L]; normal range, 9-59 U/L [0.15-0.99 µkat/L]; γ-glutamyl transferase level, 154 U/L [2.57 µkat/L]; normal range, 12-68 U/L [0.20-1.14 µkat/L]). The patient was admitted for further diagnostic evaluation, including new brain (Figs 2, 3) and spinal (not shown) MRI studies. Antihypertensive treatment with perindopril and amlodipine was initiated. Further laboratory examinations revealed microalbuminuria (albumin-to-creatinine ratio in urine, 59.21 mg/mmol; reference range, <3.00 mg/mmol) and hyperlipidemia (low-density lipoprotein cholesterol level, 3.84 mmol/L; reference range, 1.60-3.40 mmol/L). Blood serologic examination and cerebrospinal fluid laboratory analysis were unremarkable, except for positive oligoclonal bands, with a polymerase chain reaction panel that was negative for common meningitis and/or encephalitis pathogens and a polymerase chain reaction test that was negative for human polyomavirus 2 (or JC virus) DNA in the cerebrospinal fluid. The clinical course supported a wait-and-see approach without the use of steroids or antimicrobial therapy. Follow-up contrast-enhanced brain MRI was performed 1 week after presentation (Fig 4).</p>","PeriodicalId":20896,"journal":{"name":"Radiology","volume":"315 2","pages":"e243300"},"PeriodicalIF":12.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144151417","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pitfalls and Best Practices in Evaluation of AI Algorithmic Biases in Radiology.","authors":"Paul H Yi, Preetham Bachina, Beepul Bharti, Sean P Garin, Adway Kanhere, Pranav Kulkarni, David Li, Vishwa S Parekh, Samantha M Santomartino, Linda Moy, Jeremias Sulam","doi":"10.1148/radiol.241674","DOIUrl":"10.1148/radiol.241674","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Despite growing awareness of problems with fairness in artificial intelligence (AI) models in radiology, evaluation of algorithmic biases, or AI biases, remains challenging due to various complexities. These include incomplete reporting of demographic information in medical imaging datasets, variability in definitions of demographic categories, and inconsistent statistical definitions of bias. To guide the appropriate evaluation of AI biases in radiology, this article summarizes the pitfalls in the evaluation and measurement of algorithmic biases. These pitfalls span the spectrum from the technical (eg, how different statistical definitions of bias impact conclusions about whether an AI model is biased) to those associated with social context (eg, how different conventions of race and ethnicity impact identification or masking of biases). Actionable best practices and future directions to avoid these pitfalls are summarized across three key areas: <i>(a)</i> medical imaging datasets, <i>(b)</i> demographic definitions, and <i>(c)</i> statistical evaluations of bias. Although AI bias in radiology has been broadly reviewed in the recent literature, this article focuses specifically on underrecognized potential pitfalls related to the three key areas. By providing awareness of these pitfalls along with actionable practices to avoid them, exciting AI technologies can be used in radiology for the good of all people.</p>","PeriodicalId":20896,"journal":{"name":"Radiology","volume":"315 2","pages":"e241674"},"PeriodicalIF":12.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12127964/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144111803","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Breast Cancer Risk Prediction with Radiomic Tissue Characterization on Mammograms Takes Shape.","authors":"Benoît Mesurolle, Mona El Khoury","doi":"10.1148/radiol.250622","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1148/radiol.250622","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20896,"journal":{"name":"Radiology","volume":"315 2","pages":"e250622"},"PeriodicalIF":12.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144009663","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advances in Concept and Imaging of Interstitial Lung Disease.","authors":"Masahiro Yanagawa, Joungho Han, Noriaki Wada, Jin Woo Song, Jiwon Hwang, Ho Yun Lee, Akinori Hata, Tomás Franquet, Man Pyo Chung, Noriyuki Tomiyama, Hiroto Hatabu, Kyung Soo Lee","doi":"10.1148/radiol.241252","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1148/radiol.241252","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Although idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a type of idiopathic interstitial pneumonia (IIP), it is different from other IIPs. IPF also differs from interstitial lung disease (ILD) with known causes, including connective tissue disease, exposure, cysts and/or airspace filling disease, and sarcoidosis. More than 90% of IPFs demonstrate progressive disease. Non-IPF ILD has been classified as progressive pulmonary fibrosis on the basis of disease behavior (progressive disease that gets worse over time) as opposed to classification based on cause and/or morphologic characteristics. Progressive fibrosis predictors in ILD include demographic characteristics, underlying connective tissue disease, more extensive disease at CT, honeycombing and usual interstitial pneumonia (UIP) pattern at CT, and greater impairment of lung function. Hypersensitivity pneumonitis (HP), a type of ILD, is separated into fibrotic and nonfibrotic types. Extensive peribronchiolar metaplasia supports the diagnosis of fibrotic HP over UIP, as does predominantly peribronchiolar disease with relative subpleural sparing at CT. Interstitial lung abnormality (ILA) is incidentally identified at CT; thus, ILA is under radiologist purview. Subpleural fibrotic ILA is a prognostic imaging biomarker, predictive of worse prognosis. Photon-counting CT can provide high spatial resolutions of up to 125 μm (in-plane) and 200 μm (through-plane) for improved evaluation of abnormalities.</p>","PeriodicalId":20896,"journal":{"name":"Radiology","volume":"315 2","pages":"e241252"},"PeriodicalIF":12.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144005835","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"How I Do It: Evaluating Cardiac Implantable Devices and Noncardiac Mimics on Chest Radiographs.","authors":"Claudio Silva, Jared D Christensen","doi":"10.1148/radiol.241911","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1148/radiol.241911","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cardiac implantable electronic devices (CIEDs), including pacemakers and defibrillators, are increasingly used to manage various cardiac conditions. This article reviews the radiographic appearance, typical components, and placement of CIEDs, including newer technologies like leadless pacemakers and MRI-conditional devices. The article also highlights the imaging findings of common complications such as lead dislodgement, fracture, and perforation, emphasizing the role of imaging in early detection and intervention. Additionally, the radiographic identification of other cardiac and noncardiac devices with similar-appearing imaging features is addressed. Other cardiac devices covered in this article include those for cardiac monitoring, ventricular assistance, and cardiac repair. Noncardiac mimics include deep brain, vagal nerve, and phrenic nerve stimulators as well as breast implant radiofrequency markers. Accurately identifying these devices and their positioning on chest radiographs facilitates the early detection of complications and directs appropriate patient care.</p>","PeriodicalId":20896,"journal":{"name":"Radiology","volume":"315 2","pages":"e241911"},"PeriodicalIF":12.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144044954","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}