Radiology最新文献

{"title":"The Updated ACR Manual on MR Safety and How It Will Affect Your Practice.","authors":"Emanuel Kanal","doi":"10.1148/radiol.242954","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1148/radiol.242954","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20896,"journal":{"name":"Radiology","volume":"315 1","pages":"e242954"},"PeriodicalIF":12.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143754337","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Angiofibroma of Soft Tissue in the Liver.","authors":"Xi Jia, Mengsu Zeng","doi":"10.1148/radiol.242524","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1148/radiol.242524","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20896,"journal":{"name":"Radiology","volume":"315 1","pages":"e242524"},"PeriodicalIF":12.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143804168","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Predicting Regional Lymph Node Metastases at CT in Microsatellite Instability-High Colon Cancer.","authors":"Zhen Guan, Zheng-Hang Wang, Xiao-Yan Zhang, Shuo Yan, Ting Xu, Jian Li, Lin Shen, Ying-Shi Sun","doi":"10.1148/radiol.242122","DOIUrl":"10.1148/radiol.242122","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Background Early identification of lymph node metastasis is crucial for microsatellite instability-high (MSI-H) colon cancer caused by deficient mismatch repair, but accuracy of CT is poor. Purpose To determine whether CT-detected lymph node distribution patterns can improve lymph node evaluation in MSI-H colon cancer. Materials and Methods This two-center retrospective study included patients with MSI-H colon cancer who underwent pretreatment CT and radical surgery (development set, December 2017-December 2022; test set, January 2016-January 2024). Lymph node characteristics associated with pathologic lymph node metastasis (pN+), including clinical lymph node stage (cN) and distribution patterns (vascular distribution, jammed cluster, and partial fusion), were selected (logistic regression and Kendall tau-b correlation) to create a distribution-based clinical lymph node stage (dcN) in the development set. Diagnostic performance was verified in the test set. Interobserver agreement was assessed by using Fleiss κ. Clinical value of dcN was assessed using univariable logistic analysis among patients in the treatment set receiving neoadjuvant immunotherapy (August 2017-February 2024). Results The study included 368 patients (median age, 60 years [IQR, 50-70 years]; 211 male): 230 from the development set (median age, 59 years [IQR, 49-70 years]), 86 from the test set (median age, 66 years [IQR, 55-79 years]), and 52 from the treatment set (median age, 54 years [IQR, 42-65 years]). Only jammed cluster and partial fusion were associated with higher odds of pN+ (odds ratio, 78.9 and 21.5, respectively; both <i>P</i> < .001). dcN outperformed cN in the test set (accuracy, 90% [78 of 87] vs 46% [40 of 87]; <i>P</i> < .001; specificity, 97% [55 of 57] vs 26% [15 of 57]; <i>P</i> < .001). Interobserver agreement was moderate for dcN (κ = 0.67) and poor for cN (κ = 0.48). dcN was associated with a complete response after neoadjuvant immunotherapy (odds ratio, 0.05; <i>P</i> < .001). Conclusion dcN showed high performance for identifying regional lymph node metastases and helped predict complete response after neoadjuvant immunotherapy in MSI-H colon cancer using a surgical reference standard. © RSNA, 2025 <i>Supplemental material is available for this article.</i> See also the editorial by Lev-Cohain and Sosna in this issue.</p>","PeriodicalId":20896,"journal":{"name":"Radiology","volume":"315 1","pages":"e242122"},"PeriodicalIF":12.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143804177","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"American College of Radiology Manual on MR Safety: 2024 Update and Revisions.","authors":"Ivan Pedrosa, David A Altman, Jonathan R Dillman, Michael N Hoff, Alexander M McKinney, Scott B Reeder, Jeffrey M Rogg, R Jason Stafford, James A Webb, Dina L Hernandez, Robert E Watson","doi":"10.1148/radiol.241405","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1148/radiol.241405","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Since the introduction of the American College of Radiology (ACR) MRI safety guidelines in 2002, the indications for use of MRI in clinical care and research have continued to expand. Similarly, MRI technologies have evolved, with multiple field strengths now available for human imaging. While several publications have updated the ACR recommendations since the first guidelines, a single source in a structured format was lacking. Accordingly, the ACR Committee on MR Safety recently updated the online ACR Manual on MR Safety that compiles ACR recommendations for safe use of MRI equipment in humans into a single document. This review describes the new structure of the ACR Manual on MR Safety, discusses new content, indicates gaps in knowledge that require further research, and explains the rationale for the Committee on MR Safety recommendations on certain topics, such as remote operation of MRI systems.</p>","PeriodicalId":20896,"journal":{"name":"Radiology","volume":"315 1","pages":"e241405"},"PeriodicalIF":12.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143754252","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"US Markers for Differentiating Hepatic Inflammation in Chronic Liver Disease: Still a Long Way to Go.","authors":"Caixin Qiu","doi":"10.1148/radiol.242559","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1148/radiol.242559","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20896,"journal":{"name":"Radiology","volume":"315 1","pages":"e242559"},"PeriodicalIF":12.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143754345","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Importance of Imaging Metabolism: A Glimpse into the Future.","authors":"John D Port","doi":"10.1148/radiol.250575","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1148/radiol.250575","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20896,"journal":{"name":"Radiology","volume":"315 1","pages":"e250575"},"PeriodicalIF":12.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143804178","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spatial Viscoelastic Information in Metabolic Dysfunction-associated Steatotic Liver Disease.","authors":"Guilherme Moura Cunha","doi":"10.1148/radiol.250559","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1148/radiol.250559","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20896,"journal":{"name":"Radiology","volume":"315 1","pages":"e250559"},"PeriodicalIF":12.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143754336","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Breast Cancer Detection with Standalone AI versus Radiologist Interpretation of Unilateral Surveillance Mammography after Mastectomy.","authors":"Su Min Ha, Janie M Lee, Myoung-Jin Jang, Hong-Kyu Kim, Jung Min Chang","doi":"10.1148/radiol.242955","DOIUrl":"10.1148/radiol.242955","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Background Limited data are available regarding the accuracy of artificial intelligence (AI) algorithms trained on bilateral mammograms for second breast cancer surveillance in patients with a personal history of breast cancer treated with unilateral mastectomy. Purpose To compare the performance of standalone AI for second breast cancer surveillance on unilateral mammograms with that of radiologists reading mammograms without AI assistance. Materials and Methods In this retrospective institutional database study, patients who were diagnosed with breast cancer between January 2001 and December 2018 and underwent postmastectomy surveillance mammography from January 2011 to March 2023 were included. Radiologists' mammogram interpretations without AI assistance were collected from these records and compared with AI interpretations of the same mammograms. The reference standards were histologic examination and 1-year follow-up data. The cancer detection rate per 1000 screening examinations, sensitivity, and specificity of standalone AI and the radiologists' interpretations without AI were compared using the McNemar test. Results Among the 4184 asymptomatic female patients (mean age, 52 years), 111 (2.7%) had contralateral second breast cancer. The cancer detection rate (17.4 per 1000 examinations [73 of 4184]; 95% CI: 13.7, 21.9) and sensitivity (65.8% [73 of 111]; 95% CI: 56.2, 74.5) were greater for standalone AI than for radiologists (14.6 per 1000 examinations [61 of 4184]; 95% CI: 11.2, 18.7; <i>P</i> = .01; 55.0% [61 of 111]; 95% CI: 45.2, 64.4; <i>P</i> = .01). The specificity was lower for standalone AI than for radiologists (91.5% [3725 of 4073]; 95% CI: 90.6, 92.3 vs 98.1% [3996 of 4073]; 95% CI: 97.6, 98.5; <i>P</i> < .001). AI detected 16 of 50 (32%) cancers missed by radiologists; however, 34 of 111 (30.6%) breast cancers were missed by both radiologists and AI. Conclusion Standalone AI for surveillance mammography showed higher sensitivity with lower specificity for contralateral breast cancer detection in patients treated with unilateral mastectomy than radiologists without AI assistance. © RSNA, 2025 <i>Supplemental material is available for this article.</i> See also the editorial by Philpotts in this issue.</p>","PeriodicalId":20896,"journal":{"name":"Radiology","volume":"315 1","pages":"e242955"},"PeriodicalIF":12.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143804169","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"CT Lymph Node Patterns in MSI-High Colon Cancer: A Potential Solution to a Mystery.","authors":"Naama Lev-Cohain, Jacob Sosna","doi":"10.1148/radiol.250556","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1148/radiol.250556","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20896,"journal":{"name":"Radiology","volume":"315 1","pages":"e250556"},"PeriodicalIF":12.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143804171","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Distinct Functional MRI Connectivity Patterns and Cortical Volume Variations Associated with Repetitive Blast Exposure in Special Operations Forces Members.","authors":"Andrea Diociasi, Mary A Iaccarino, Scott Sorg, Emily J Lubin, Caroline Wisialowski, Amol Dua, Can Ozan Tan, Rajiv Gupta","doi":"10.1148/radiol.233264","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1148/radiol.233264","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Background Special operations forces members often face multiple blast injuries and have a higher risk of traumatic brain injury. However, the relationship between neuroimaging markers, the cumulative severity of injury, and long-term symptoms has not previously been well-established in the literature. Purpose To determine the relationship between the frequency of blast injuries, persistent clinical symptoms, and related cortical volumetric and functional connectivity (FC) changes observed at brain MRI in special operations forces members. Materials and Methods A cohort of 220 service members from a prospective study between January 2021 and May 2023 with a history of repetitive blast exposure underwent psychodiagnostics and a comprehensive neuroimaging evaluation, including structural and resting-state functional MRI (fMRI). Of these, 212 met the inclusion criteria. Participants were split into two datasets for model development and validation, and each dataset was divided into high- and low-exposure groups based on participants' exposure to various explosives. Differences in FC were analyzed using a general linear model, and cortical gray matter volumes were compared using the Mann-Whitney &lt;i&gt;U&lt;/i&gt; test. An external age- and sex-matched healthy control group of 212 participants was extracted from the SRPBS Multidisorder MRI Dataset for volumetric analyses. A multiple linear regression model was used to assess correlations between clinical scores and FC, while a logistic regression model was used to predict exposure group from fMRI scans. Results In the 212 participants (mean age, 43.0 years ± 8.6 [SD]; 160 male [99.5%]) divided into groups with low or high blast exposure, the high-exposure group had higher scores for the Neurobehavioral Symptom Inventory (NSI) (&lt;i&gt;t&lt;/i&gt; = 3.16, &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; &lt; .001) and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Checklist for &lt;i&gt;Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders&lt;/i&gt; (Fifth Edition) (PCL-5) (&lt;i&gt;t&lt;/i&gt; = 2.72, &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; = .01). FC differences were identified in the bilateral superior and inferior lateral occipital cortex (LOC) (&lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; value range, .001-.04), frontal medial cortex (&lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; &lt; .001), left superior frontal gyrus (&lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; &lt; .001), and precuneus (&lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; value range, .02-.03). Clinical scores from NSI and PCL-5 were inversely correlated with FC in the LOC, superior parietal lobule, precuneus, and default mode networks (&lt;i&gt;r&lt;/i&gt; = -0.163 to -0.384; &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; value range, &lt;.001 to .04). The high-exposure group showed increased cortical volume in regions of the LOC compared with healthy controls and the low-exposure group (&lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; value range, .01-.04). The predictive model helped accurately classify participants into high- and low-exposure groups based on fMRI data with 88.00 sensitivity (95% CI: 78.00, 98.00), 67% specificity (95% CI: 53.00, 81.00), and 73% accuracy (95% CI: 60.00, 86.00). Conclusion Repetitive blast exposure leads to distinct alterations in FC and cortical volume, which corr","PeriodicalId":20896,"journal":{"name":"Radiology","volume":"315 1","pages":"e233264"},"PeriodicalIF":12.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143754266","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}