Radiology最新文献

{"title":"Juxtacortical White Matter Staging as a Correlate of Progression in Alzheimer Disease.","authors":"Menno M Schoonheim","doi":"10.1148/radiol.252559","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1148/radiol.252559","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20896,"journal":{"name":"Radiology","volume":"8 1","pages":"e252559"},"PeriodicalIF":19.7,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145235658","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Feasibility of Auditing Preoperative Breast MRI for Extent-of-Disease Evaluation Using the BI-RADS v2025 Manual.","authors":"Ethan O Cohen, Hilda H Tso, Kyungmin Shin, Sarah R Martaindale, Ashley C Bragg, Kanchan A Phalak, Rachel E Perry, Jia Sun, Jessica W T Leung","doi":"10.1148/radiol.243803","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1148/radiol.243803","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Background The forthcoming Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System (BI-RADS) version 2025 (hereafter, v2025) manual recommends auditing breast MRI examinations performed to evaluate the extent of disease in women newly diagnosed with breast cancer. Purpose To investigate the feasibility of this recommended audit using preoperative breast MRI examinations performed over 2 years, report the calculated metrics, and identify any clinical or imaging characteristics associated with improved MRI performance metrics. Materials and Methods Consecutive breast MRI examinations performed from January 2021 to December 2022 at The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center were retrospectively reviewed, excluding screening, diagnostic, neoadjuvant chemotherapy response, and nondiagnostic or incomplete preoperative MRI examinations. Recommended audit calculations were performed as described in the BI-RADS v2025 manual: abnormal interpretation rate (AIR) (percentage of positive preoperative MRI examinations), positive predictive value of biopsies recommended (PPV2) (percentage of all distinct BI-RADS category 4 or 5 findings, not examinations, with a tissue diagnosis of cancer at image-guided biopsy), positive predictive value of biopsies performed (PPV3) (percentage of BI-RADS category 4 or 5 findings, not examinations, with preoperative image-guided biopsy revealing a tissue diagnosis of cancer), and additional cancer detection rate (ACDR) (number of additional malignant lesions diagnosed beyond the primary cancer per 1000 MRI examinations). Total time collecting data and performing calculations was recorded. Characteristics of benign and malignant BI-RADS 4 or 5 lesions were compared using the Wilcoxon rank sum test and Fisher exact test. Logistic regression was used to determine characteristics associated with malignancy. Results A total of 1533 preoperative MRI examinations were included (median patient age, 54.6 years; IQR, 45.5-65.2 years; all female), with 464 MRI examinations revealing 609 suspicious breast findings. Subsequent image-guided biopsy for 432 of these findings revealed 139 malignancies. The overall AIR was 30.3% (95% CI: 28.0, 32.6), overall PPV2 was 22.8% (95% CI: 19.5, 26.1), overall PPV3 was 32.2% (95% CI: 27.8, 36.6), and overall ACDR was 90.7 per 1000 examinations (95% CI: 74.3, 107.1). Seven radiologists spent a combined total of 141 hours collecting data and performing audit calculations. Older patient age (odds ratio, 1.04; 95% CI: 1.02, 1.05; <i>P</i> < .001) and presence of lesions ipsilateral to the index malignancy (odds ratio, 1.81; 95% CI: 1.20, 2.75; <i>P</i> = .005) were associated with higher odds of malignancy. Conclusion Auditing of preoperative breast MRI examinations performed to evaluate disease extent, as recommended in the forthcoming BI-RADS v2025 manual, was feasible and yielded metrics within expected ranges based on limited prior data. © RSNA, 2025.</p>","PeriodicalId":20896,"journal":{"name":"Radiology","volume":"317 1","pages":"e243803"},"PeriodicalIF":15.2,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145286748","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Posterior Inferior Cerebellar Artery Thrombus at Photon-Counting CT.","authors":"Jiaxu Wei, Jin Zhang","doi":"10.1148/radiol.250437","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1148/radiol.250437","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20896,"journal":{"name":"Radiology","volume":"317 1","pages":"e250437"},"PeriodicalIF":15.2,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145286736","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"PSMA PET/CT Reporting: Real-Life Inconsistencies, Heterogeneity, and Underutilization of Scoring Systems and Interpretation Frameworks.","authors":"Hebert Alberto Vargas, Stefano Fanti, Ken Herrmann, Mathias Eiber, Steven P Rowe, Adrian Rivera, Evangelia Pitsoulakis, Anton Becker, Sungmin Woo, Stacy Loeb","doi":"10.1148/radiol.250702","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1148/radiol.250702","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20896,"journal":{"name":"Radiology","volume":"317 1","pages":"e250702"},"PeriodicalIF":15.2,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145286798","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"US Evaluation of Nonmass Lesions: Clinical Context Matters.","authors":"Baṣak E Dogan","doi":"10.1148/radiol.252514","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1148/radiol.252514","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20896,"journal":{"name":"Radiology","volume":"197 1","pages":"e252514"},"PeriodicalIF":19.7,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145235660","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical MRI Biomarkers to Differentiate Parkinson Disease from Its Mimics.","authors":"Sven Haller, Naying He, Stefan Schwarz, E Mark Haacke","doi":"10.1148/radiol.242044","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1148/radiol.242044","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The clinical discrimination of Parkinson disease (PD) from its mimics can be challenging, especially in the early stages. These mimics include atypical parkinsonian syndromes (APSs), essential tremor, drug-induced parkinsonism, and vascular parkinsonism. Moreover, differential diagnosis of PD is not exclusive; overlapping and coexisting neurodegenerative diseases are common. Most patients with suspected PD undergo standard clinical MRI (including T1- and T2-weighted sequences) as the first imaging examination, with the primary objective to exclude other diseases. Standard MRI can help detect vascular pathologic features in vascular parkinsonism or atrophy patterns in some APSs but is not sensitive for detecting PD. Dopamine transporter imaging remains the neuroimaging reference standard for specific diagnosis of PD: It can be used to detect PD and most APSs but cannot reliably be used to discriminate between them or exclude other findings, including cerebrovascular disease. Emerging MRI biomarkers of PD are nigrosome 1 (N1; the swallow tail sign at susceptibility-weighted imaging) and neuromelanin (at neuromelanin-sensitive MRI). These markers appear abnormal in PD and most APSs yet normal in essential tremor, drug-induced parkinsonism, and vascular parkinsonism. Identifying these challenging markers depends on specific technical parameters and reader experience. Although dopamine transporter imaging remains more accurate for diagnosing PD, the authors discuss how adding N1 or neuromelanin imaging to standard MRI is a practical, cost-effective, and sustainable way to help diagnose PD and PD mimics and select patients for subsequent dopamine transporter imaging.</p>","PeriodicalId":20896,"journal":{"name":"Radiology","volume":"317 1","pages":"e242044"},"PeriodicalIF":15.2,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145286811","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identifying Distinct Spatiotemporal Patterns of Juxtacortical Microstructure in Alzheimer Disease Using Diffusion MRI-derived Free Water Fraction.","authors":"Junfang Zhang,Xinyuan Yang,Yan Wang,Xiaomeng Xu,Yingting Zheng,Qi Huang,Wenjing Wang,Wei Xu,Yihui Guan,Jun Liu,Yulei Deng,Fang Xie,Binyin Li","doi":"10.1148/radiol.243423","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1148/radiol.243423","url":null,"abstract":"Background The free water fraction (FWF) is a potential imaging marker in Alzheimer disease (AD). Purpose To evaluate juxtacortical FWF, its association with neuropathologic severity, and its spatiotemporal pattern using MRI and PET in participants with AD or normal cognition. Materials and Methods This secondary analysis of a prospective study was conducted from November 2021 to July 2024, including diffusion MRI to assess FWF, fluorine 18 (18F) florbetapir PET to assess amyloid-β (Aβ), and 18F-MK-6240 PET to assess tau accumulation. Two independent subtype and stage inference (SuStaIn) models analyzed only juxtacortical FWF change or integrated FWF and Aβ. Results A total of 359 participants (mean age, 69 years ± 8 [SD]; age range, 40-86 years; 223 female) were included (161 with normal cognition, 85 with mild cognitive impairment due to AD, and 113 with dementia due to AD). Compared with controls, participants with AD had increased FWF (false discovery rate [FDR]-corrected P < .001 to P = .049), which was associated with higher global cortical Aβ and tau deposition (P < .001 to P = .04 for Aβ; P < .001 to P = .01 for tau; all FDR-corrected). The first SuStaIn model identified two distinct spatiotemporal trajectories of FWF: The orbitofrontal-first subtype had smaller left and right hippocampus volumes (left, b = -0.1 and P = .007; right, b = -0.08 and P = .03) and worse cognitive performance (verbal fluency test, b = -0.21 and P = .01; shape-trail test part A, b = 0.16 and P < .001) compared with the precuneus-first subtype. The second SuStaIn model integrating FWF and Aβ identified two subtypes: The amyloid-first subtype had higher levels of amyloid deposition in the cortex (b = -0.3 and P < .001), whereas the FWF-first subtype had lower left cortical thickness (b = -0.05 and P = .01) and worse cognitive performance (verbal fluency test, b = -0.17 and P = .02; shape-trail test part A, b = 0.20 and P < .001). Conclusion Juxtacortical FWF was higher in participants with AD compared with cognitively normal controls and associated with Aβ, tau, and neurodegeneration biomarkers. Distinct spatiotemporal progression patterns of FWF had distinct cognitive performance profiles. Clinical trial registration no. NCT05623124 © RSNA, 2025 Supplemental material is available for this article. See also the editorial by Schoonheim in this issue.","PeriodicalId":20896,"journal":{"name":"Radiology","volume":"6 1","pages":"e243423"},"PeriodicalIF":19.7,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145235653","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recurrence Risk Following Percutaneous Transthoracic Needle Biopsy in Patients Undergoing Sublobar Resection for Stage I Lung Cancer.","authors":"Yura Ahn, Geun Dong Lee, SeHoon Choi, Hyeong Ryul Kim, Yong-Hee Kim, Dong Kwan Kim, Seung-Il Park, Kyung-Hyun Do, Joon Beom Seo, Jae Kwang Yun, Sang Min Lee","doi":"10.1148/radiol.250415","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1148/radiol.250415","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Background Whether preoperative percutaneous transthoracic needle biopsy (PTNB) increases the risk of local-regional recurrence in the context of sublobar resection remains unclear. Purpose To investigate the associations of PTNB with recurrence and overall survival (OS) after sublobar resection in patients with stage I non-small cell lung cancer. Materials and Methods Patients who underwent sublobar resection for confirmed pathologic stage I non-small cell lung cancer (tumor size ≤3 cm) between January 2010 and December 2021 were included in this retrospective study. Propensity score matching (PSM) using 12 clinical and patient confounding factors was performed to balance patients who underwent PTNB with those who did not at a 1:1 ratio. The outcomes evaluated were freedom from overall recurrence, specific recurrence patterns (local-regional, distant, remnant lung, and ipsilateral pleural recurrence), and OS. Cox proportional hazards regression was used to determine the effect of PTNB on these outcomes. Results Among the 2026 patients included (mean age, 62.9 years ± 9.6 [SD]; 989 male patients [48.8%]), 783 (38.6%) underwent PTNB. At follow-up, 192 patients (9.5%) had recurrence: 83 patients had local-regional recurrence, 81 had distant recurrence, and 28 showed both types of recurrence. In the PSM group (<i>n</i> = 1144), PTNB was associated with a greater risk of overall recurrence (hazard ratio [HR], 1.49; 95% CI: 1.03, 2.17; <i>P</i> = .03) and local-regional recurrence (HR, 2.32; 95% CI: 1.25, 4.31; <i>P</i> = .008), without evidence for distant recurrence (<i>P</i> = .29). Among local-regional recurrences, PTNB was linked to an increased risk of remnant lung recurrence (HR, 2.07; 95% CI: 1.08, 3.97; <i>P</i> = .03) but not to ipsilateral pleural recurrence (HR, 1.13; 95% CI: 0.47, 2.73; <i>P</i> = .79). There was no evidence of an association between PTNB and OS (HR, 1.27; 95% CI: 0.89, 1.83; <i>P</i> = .19). Conclusion Preoperative PTNB was associated with an increased risk of local-regional recurrence, particularly in the remnant lung, in patients with stage I non-small cell lung cancer who underwent sublobar resection. <i>Supplemental material is available for this article.</i> © RSNA, 2025 See also the editorial by Sohn and Dao in this issue.</p>","PeriodicalId":20896,"journal":{"name":"Radiology","volume":"317 1","pages":"e250415"},"PeriodicalIF":15.2,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145286767","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Seven-year Prognostic Value of Coronary CT Angiography-derived Fractional Flow Reserve in Stable Angina.","authors":"Kristian Tækker Madsen, Bjarne Linde Nørgaard, Kristian Altern Øvrehus, Søren Thorup Scheuer, Jesper Møller Jensen, Jonathon Leipsic, Niels Peter Rønnow Sand","doi":"10.1148/radiol.251788","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1148/radiol.251788","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20896,"journal":{"name":"Radiology","volume":"317 1","pages":"e251788"},"PeriodicalIF":15.2,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145286804","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multiple Myeloma with FDG PET Skeletal Superscan.","authors":"Dong Huang,Yue Chen","doi":"10.1148/radiol.251364","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1148/radiol.251364","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20896,"journal":{"name":"Radiology","volume":"107 1","pages":"e251364"},"PeriodicalIF":19.7,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145235661","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}